SKYWAY AN INNOVATIVE TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE SOLUTIONS

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Luke Prosper Wade
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1 SKYWAY AN INNOVATIVE TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE SOLUTIONS

2 Location above the ground provides several global beneﬁts: fast safe sustainable SKYWAY easily accessible elevated transport system comfortable 1

ENGINEER ANATOLI YUNITSKI is the author of the idea and all the main constructive and technological solutions of SkyWay transport, Chairman of the Board

A team of over 700 highly qualified specialists is involved in project implementation.

3 ENGINEER ANATOLI YUNITSKI is the author of the idea and all the main constructive and technological solutions of SkyWay transport, Chairman of the Board of Directors and General Designer of SkyWay Technologies Co. FOUNDER Chairman of the Board THE STAFF OF SKYWAY TECHNOLOGIES CO. A team of over 700 highly qualified specialists is involved in project implementation. The structure of the design engineering company includes a certification and demonstration center (EcoTechnoPark), 15 design bureaus, a physical and chemical laboratory, in-house pilot and experimental production and management departments. 2

4 PRODUCTION FACILITIES production of accessories, devices and components testing of mechanical units and electronics; industrial prototypes testing. 3

5 MAIN TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS SkyWay for the city 4 CITY TRACK LIGHT TRACK INTERCITY TRACK public transportation in parks, recreation areas connection with satellite cities

MAIN TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS high-speed intercity transport speed up to 500 km/h travel distance up to 10 000 km

6 MAIN TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS high-speed intercity transport speed up to 500 km/h travel distance up to km high-speed interurban traffic: passengers up to 1 million passengers/day cargoes up to 100 thousand tons/day 5

7 MAIN TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS cargo transport UNITRUCK transportation of bulk, liquid and break bulk cargo 6 UNITRANS UNICONT SEA PORT transportation of bulk and break bulk cargo transportation of shipping containers transportation of various types of cargo, including shipping containers

8 COMPONENTS OF SKYWAY COMPLEX Components of SkyWay complex TRANSPORT have a range of design variants; OVERPASS they are selected considering the specific terrain and the planned performance (per year, per day, in peak periods). ROLLING STOCK It is possible to combine different types of tracks and to use various rolling stock models. INFRASTRUCTURE ACS 7

BASIC ENGINEERING ELEMENTS the basis of SkyWay technology an innovative

2 Steel rail head String (a bunch of steel wires pre-stressed by tension)

9 BASIC ENGINEERING ELEMENTS the basis of SkyWay technology an innovative string rail INNOVATIVE STEEL WHEEL IMPROVED AERODYNAMICS DESIGN VARIANT R R of a semi-rigid string rail 2 f = 3.2 m P Drive wheel Wide contact patch Side (anti-derailment) wheel Сх = 0.2 Steel rail head String (a bunch of steel wires pre-stressed by tension) Aerofoil eﬀect causes turbulence Rail Contact patch V less than 200 MPa B 0.1 P ANTI-DERAILMENT SYSTEM mm less than 100 MPa Filler (special concrete) Rail body types of string rail (ﬂexible, semi-rigid, rigid (truss)); pre-stressed; high evenness of the track; smooth movement. 8

DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY AND COMMUNICATION 9 STRING (Bundle of

10 THE STRING RAIL STRUCTURE PROVIDES THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY AND INFORMATION NETWORKS IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION STEEL RAIL HEAD SKYWAY DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY AND COMMUNICATION 9 STRING (Bundle of pre-stressed steel wires) FILLER RAIL BODY UTILITY PIPELINE (power lines, communication, other)

AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEMS OF SKYWAY TRANSPORT COMPLEX Onboard communication system Safety system Onboard control system Data transmission system

11 AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEMS OF SKYWAY TRANSPORT COMPLEX Onboard communication system Safety system Onboard control system Data transmission system Glonass/GPS Position control system Power supply system Electrooptic and radioelectronic surveillance system Propulsion system User interaction system 10

12 SUSTAINABILITY 11 Minimal footprint Reduced emissions Resource saving Preservation of nature

13 GENERAL VIEW OF TRACK Possibility to locate fibre-optic communication lines and cable power lines GENERAL VIEW OF STATION Possibility to locate trade and service centres at stations INFRASTRUCTURE 12

SkyWay Linear City is residential complexes connected to a unified system using SkyWay

14 OTHER WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT Linear cities SkyWay technology can be the basis not only for an urban track, but a fullfledged linear city. SkyWay Linear City is residential complexes connected to a unified system using SkyWay transport system. It allows to almost completely abandon cars and provides high quality of living and recreation conditions. 13

ECONOMIC BENEFITS Low capital expenses CAPEX, MLN USD/KM 100 90 80 70 60 50 composite string rail high-strength and durable rail string overpass of special design is significantly

15 ECONOMIC BENEFITS Low capital expenses CAPEX, MLN USD/KM composite string rail high-strength and durable rail string overpass of special design is significantly lighter and cheaper compared to conventional solutions no need to build a solid roadbed SkyWay Maglev Underground Light metro Monorail Road transport Tram Cable way Railway

MINIMUM OPERATING EXPENSES OPEX SAVING BY 2 5 TIMES COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS (BUS AND METRO) Long service life of transport complex (up to 100

16 MINIMUM OPERATING EXPENSES OPEX SAVING BY 2 5 TIMES COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS (BUS AND METRO) Long service life of transport complex (up to 100 years) Salary saving due to ACS Cost saving due to reduced power consumption SALARY 15 ELECTRIC ENERGY MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OTHER Lower maintenance and repair costs

17 SKYWAY VS. OTHER TYPES OF TRANSPORT

18 SKYWAY VS. CABLEWAY SKYWAY CABLEWAY 21.6 km/h (6 m/s) Up to 10 km Motor moves both cable and cars SPEED TRACK LENGTH PRINCIPLE OF Up to 150 km/h (incity) Steel-wheeled automotive MOVEMENT Complete replacement of cables each 6 8 years 17 SERVICE LIFE Track structure years, rolling stock 25 years

DESIGN COMPLEXITY Individual track integrated into urban architecture Train from 5 coaches for 100 passengers and

19 SKYWAY VS. SUBWAY SUBWAY 18 SKYWAY from $ 100 mln/km CAPEX $ 5 7 mln/km Individual track, tunneled, underground stations DESIGN COMPLEXITY Individual track integrated into urban architecture Train from 5 coaches for 100 passengers and more each. Platform length is more than 100 m. ROLLING STOCK PASSENGER CAPACITY Capacity up to 480 passengers for max. 65 m platform 1 8 minutes HEADWAY sec (min. 2 sec) More than 40 years PAYBACK PERIOD 5 7 years

5 7 years Train has 4 5 cars with a capacity of up to 100 people. Platform length min.

20 SKYWAY VS. LRT LRT 19 SKYWAY $ 30+ mln/km CONSTRUCTION COST $ 5 7 mln/km 20+ years PAYBACK PERIOD 5 7 years Train has 4 5 cars with a capacity of up to 100 people. Platform length min. 150 m ROLLING STOCK CAPACITY Up to 480 people. Platform length max. 65 m 1 8 minutes HEADWAY seconds (min. 2 seconds) Medium level COMFORT AND SAFETY High level

ROADS Independent track > 100 DBA NOISE < 75 DBA Exhaust gas, dust POLLUTION No

21 SKYWAY VS. ROAD TRAIN ROAD TRAIN 20 SKYWAY Use of public roads, make traﬃc THE USE OF PUBLIC ROADS Independent track > 100 DBA NOISE < 75 DBA Exhaust gas, dust POLLUTION No Serpentine TRACING IN THE HIGHLANDS Straight Track structure 10 years, rolling stock 5 years SERVICE LIFE Track structure 100 years, rolling stock 25 years

22 URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT

with climatic control unit oﬀ / on kw h/100 km (l/100 km) at 50 km/h 2.4 (0.6) / 6.2 (1.55) at 100 km/h 3.2 (0.8) / 5.2 (1.3) at 150 km/h 5.4 (1.35) / 6.8 (1.

23 Basic parameters Values Curb weight 820 kg Gross weight 970 kg Overall dimensions, L х W х H 4.23 х 0.8 х 2.09 m Number of passengers 2 Design speed 150 km/h Noise max 75 db Km run in autonomous mode (at 100 km/h; CCU oﬀ / on) 100 / 60 Electric energy (fuel) consumption with climatic control unit oﬀ / on kw h/100 km (l/100 km) at 50 km/h 2.4 (0.6) / 6.2 (1.55) at 100 km/h 3.2 (0.8) / 5.2 (1.3) at 150 km/h 5.4 (1.35) / 6.8 (1.7) UNIBIKE U4-621 ROLLING STOCK Traﬃc features of SkyWay urban transport system Safety headway between unibikes Performance in the rush hour (round-trip) 2s 50 m Safety distance at 90 km/h 22 Values 7,200 passengers/hour

24 CARRYING CAPACITY Compact vehicle 23 Headway from 2 seconds (50 metres) Automatic control system Over 150,000 passengers per day 60 mln 5 mln 150,000 7, passengers per year passengers per month passengers per day passengers per hour passengers per minute passengers per second

25 UNIBUS U4-210 Basic parameters Values Curb weight 2,450 kg Gross weight 3,500 kg Overall dimensions, L х W х H 5.1 х 1.34 х 3.2 m Number of passengers 14 Number of seats 2 Design speed 150 km/h Noise max 75 db 200 Km run in autonomous mode Electric energy (fuel) consumption with climatic control unit oﬀ / on ROLLING STOCK at 50 km/h 7.5 (1.88) / 13.5 (3.88) at 100 km/h 9.9 (2.48) / 12.5 (3.13) at 150 km/h 15.9 (3.98) / 17.9 (4.48) Traﬃc features of SkyWay urban transport system Safety headway between unibikes Values 2s 50 m Safety distance at 90 km/h Performance in the rush hour (round-trip) 24 kw h/100 km (l/100 km) 50,000 passengers/hour

26 CARRYING CAPACITY Compact vehicle 25 Headway from 2 seconds (50 metres) Automatic control system Over 1 mln passengers per day 365 mln 31 mln 1 mln 50, passengers per year passengers per month passengers per day passengers per hour passengers per minute passengers per second

27 ROLLING STOCK 26

28 HIGH-SPEED PASSENGER TRANSPORT

UNIBUS U4-365Т 28 passengers 42 passengers 56 passengers Curb weight 12,600 kg 18,200 kg 23,800 kg Gross weight 15,000 kg 22,700 kg 30,000 kg 26 x 1.9 x 2.1 m 36 x 1.9 x 2.1 m 46 x 1.

75 db Noise Kms in autonomous mode 200 km Safety headway between unibuses Performance at rush hour (roundtrip) High-speed 28 10 s 16,800 passengers/hour Power (fuel)

29 UNIBUS U4-365Т 28 passengers 42 passengers 56 passengers Curb weight 12,600 kg 18,200 kg 23,800 kg Gross weight 15,000 kg 22,700 kg 30,000 kg 26 x 1.9 x 2.1 m 36 x 1.9 x 2.1 m 46 x 1.9 x 2.1 m Parameters Dimensions, L x W x H Design speed 450 km/h max. 75 db Noise Kms in autonomous mode 200 km Safety headway between unibuses Performance at rush hour (roundtrip) High-speed s 16,800 passengers/hour Power (fuel) consumption 25,200 passengers/hour 33,600 passengers/hour kwh/100 km (l/100 km) Double-rail at 350 km/h 110 (20.9) 118 (22.4) 126 (23.9) Mounted at 400 km/h 138 (26.2) 150 (28.5) 162 (30.8) Double-row with aisle and lavatory at 450 km/h 166 (31.5) 182 (34.6) 198 (37.6)

PROSPECTS of SkyWay High-Speed Transport exploration and development of underserved and hard-to-reach territories, establishment of unified high-speed interurban network maximum reduction of CAPEX

30 PROSPECTS of SkyWay High-Speed Transport exploration and development of underserved and hard-to-reach territories, establishment of unified high-speed interurban network maximum reduction of CAPEX and OPEX in transport and infrastructure construction major breakthrough in the economic structure and GDP increase integration into international transport corridors, establishment of new generation logistics development of related industries for the production of track structure and rolling stock transport communication between linear cities cluster-type settlements 29

31 CARGO TRANSPORTATION

PERFORMANCE UP TO 100 MLN TONS PER YEAR AND MORE UNITRUCK Curb weight, kg 2,500 + 3,700 860 1,650 + + + Overall dimensions, L W H, mm Carrying capacity, kg 1,800 Cargo module capacity, m3 0.

32 PERFORMANCE UP TO 100 MLN TONS PER YEAR AND MORE UNITRUCK Curb weight, kg 2, , , Overall dimensions, L W H, mm Carrying capacity, kg 1,800 Cargo module capacity, m Power consumption, kwh / 100 km (fuel, l/100 km) at 50 km/h 2.2 (0.55) at 100 km/h 4.7 (1.2) at 150 km/h 7 (1.8) Km run in autonomous mode Transportation of bulk, liquid and break bulk cargo

UNITRANS RAIL BELT CONVEYOR 32 1 2 3 4 Bulk cargo transportation Automated loading & unloading

33 UNITRANS RAIL BELT CONVEYOR Bulk cargo transportation Automated loading & unloading Performance up to 100 mln tons per year and more Integrated with cargo track for break bulk transportation

34 SKYWAY SEA PORTS POSSIBILITY FOR PORT EXPANSION FROM SMALL PORTS TO PORTS OF GLOBAL IMPORTANCE 33 SKYWAY TRANSPORT SYSTEM

35 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SkyWay Technology is being implemented in EcoTechnoPark in the town of Maryina Gorka (Republic of Belarus) Urban and cargo transport is undergoing tests Design and construction of high-speed track is in progress 34

36 SKYWAY TECHNOLOGIES OF THE FUTURE CONTACTS DETAILS 104 bldg B, Dzerzhinskogo Ave., Minsk , Republic of Belarus Phone: Fax:

VS. OTHER TYPES OF TRANSPORT

VS. OTHER TYPES OF TRANSPORT SKYWAY ELEVATED TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE COMPLEX 1 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SkyW Technology is being implemented in the town of Maryina Gorka (Republic