New Power Flow Controller for Congestion Management and Reliability Improvement in Transmission and Distribution Systems

Transcription

1 New Power Flow Controller for Congestion Management and Reliability Improvement in Transmission and Distribution Systems Alberto Del Rosso EPRI CIGRE US National Committee 204 Grid of the Future Symposium October 9-2, 204 Houston, TX

2 ARPA-E GENI Program Green Electricity Network Integration Mission: Increasing grid flexibility Increase the amount of renewable energy the grid can utilize Efficiency and reliability of electricity transmission 5 projects, $39.4 million investment Power Transmission Controllers: Devices enabling power flow control within mesh AC grids. Devices enabling resilient multi-terminal HVDC networks Grid Control Architectures Optimization of power grid operation; distributed control and increasing customer control 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 2

3 Compact Dynamic Phase Angle Regulators (CD-PAR) for Transmission Power Routing An ARPA-E GENI Project 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 3

4 CD-PAR Objective Control of P/Q Between Two Buses CD-PAR P/Q Control Reactive Power, PU VQS Constant Duty V V P2 = 3 sin δ 2 Q 2 V = 3 2 X L 2 V ( δ ) V 2 X L cos ( δ δ ) 2 Control phase angle to control real power. Control voltage magnitude to control reactive power. Control real and reactive power dynamically. Can be installed around existing sectionalizers Real Power, PU VQS enables in-phase injection 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 4

5 Transmission Application Example

6 Use of CD-PAR to Improve Wind Integration Alberta Electric System Operator Coverage Map Hypothetic case Wind Injection: Calgary 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 6

7 Scenario: Interconnection request for 350 MW Wind Plant Without CD-PAR 267 DOME EM7 9 EMPLIQTP L 77% I 27% S SANDHIL SANDYPT7 SW % S 4.3 Most Limiting Contingency 4.3 2% S 266 EMPRESA7 262 DOME EM4 00% S 674 CYPRES % S 2% S 4.4 SW CYPRES2 5% S % S CHAPPIC7 47% S % S SW MCNEILL Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7

8 Scenario: Interconnection request for 350 MW Wind Plant With CD-PAR 267 DOME EM L 4% I 9 EMPLIQTP 40% S 25% S SANDHIL7 262 DOME EM SANDYPT % S SW PAR_ CD-PAR LTC EMPRESA7 Most Limiting Contingency 674 CYPRES 39% S % S 6% S % S 677 CYPRES2 SW % S % S % S MCNEILL SW CHAPPIC Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 8

9 Wind Curtailed (N-) condition: with and without CD-PAR Wind without CD-PAR with CD-PAR GW Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 9

10 Scenario 2 : Interconnection request of 350 MW Plant Without CD-PAR 267 DOME EM7 9 EMPLIQTP % 00.0LI 43% S SANDHIL SANDYPT7 SW % S 4.8 Rate B > Rate A 4.8 2% S 266 EMPRESA7 262 DOME EM4 00% S 674 CYPRES % S 4% S 4.8 SW Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 42% S 677 CYPRES2 2% S % S CHAPPIC7 69% S % S SW MCNEILL

11 Scenario 2 : Interconnection request of 350 MW Plant With CD-PAR 267 DOME EM L 49% I 9 EMPLIQTP SANDHIL7 6% S 25% S SANDYPT DOME EM4 2% S SW CD-PAR PAR_ LTC % S 266 EMPRESA % S 9% S 43.2 SW % S 677 CYPRES2 34% S 34% S CYPRES 63% S % S 473 MCNEILL SW CHAPPIC Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

12 Distribution Application Example

13 Potential Applications in Distribution Systems TRANSMISSION GRID Feeder A P, Q Feeder B A) Feeder Support Between Remote Substations Sub A CD-PAR Sub B Transmission (HV) System 2/6/20 MVA 2/6/20 MVA 20 MVA CD-PAR 20 MVA 5 MVA B) Balancing Substation Transformer Loading 25 MVA 5 MVA 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 3

14 Case A: Feeder Support Between Remote Substations OpenDSS Model of Actual Feeders Objective of the Study Analyze the capability of the CD-PAR to attain desired power flows to the load at the feeders ends Control Target Each feeder serves half the load (equal sharing) Load at the feeders is scaled to analyze the impact on the control TRANSMISSION GRID Feeder A P, Q Feeder B Sub A CD-PAR Sub B 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 4

15 Selected Results Case A Achievable Active Power Targets: no voltage angle difference at substations Scale All Load Scale Sub Morningside A load Load Scale Sub Moreland B load Load Achievable Active Power Targets: varying voltage angle between substations 500 Target Mismatch (kw) Active Power Target (kw) Target Mismatch (kw) Degree Phase Phase angle Angle difference Difference (Sub (Moreland A Sub - Morningside) B) CD-PAR capabilities are affected by: Feeder characteristics where CD-PAR will be installed Feeder loading Variation of phase angle difference on transmission system 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 5

16 Case B: Balancing Substation Transformer Loading Control objective: equally divide the power flow on the two substation transformers Load at the feeders is scaled to analyze the impact on the control Target Mismatch (kw) Scale Sub Moreland A load Load Scale Sub Morningside B load Load Scale All Load Active Power Target (kw) 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 6

17 The Vision Inter-Network Power Balance - Tie two adjacent distribution networks - Transfer surpluses to cover shortages - Balance for renewables fluctuation end-toend substationto-substation end-tosubstation 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7

18 Concluding Remarks New power router developed: CD-PAR Control of active and reactive power Multiple applications in transmission, sub-transmission and distribution systems: Increase transmission capacity Fast control: ability to implement preventive as well as remedial control actions Balancing load among feeders and substations CD-PAR allows increasing utilization and flexibility of power network 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 8

19 Sub-transmission example 5/60 kv substation Combined distribution and subtransmission network that feed a medium size city 60 kv subtransmission network only 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 9

20 Sub-transmission example Line out Critical contingency 46 MW 38% short term rating Line out Critical contingency CD-PAR 2 5 control 46 MW 38% short term rating 58 MW 32% short term rating 96 MW 80% short term rating 7 MW 98% short term rating CD-PAR No control 35 MW Additional load CD-PAR 5 control 35 MW Additional load CD-PAR Location Maximum additional load with CD-PAR : 35 MW Maximum additional load with both CD-PAR 2: 55 MW 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 20

21 Together Shaping the Future of Electricity 204 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 2