Alexios Matamis, Mateusz Pucilowski

Transcription

1 Alexios Matamis, Mateusz Pucilowski Energirelaterad fordonsforskning 2017 Göteborg 4-5 Oktober 1

2 MOT-2030 Highly efficient methanol-driven engine system for fossil-free transporation 2030 Goal: Knowledge about methanol in a PPC engine Combustion, emissions and efficiency Comparison to other combustion engine concept Ready to implement 2030 Project period: to Budget: 16.4 mkr (10% inkind) mkr from program Nydanande och behovsmotiverad FoU med energirelevans (Energimyndigheten) Industrideltagare: Scania, Volvo, Volvo PV, Wärtsilä, Stena 2

3 Methanol Simple molecule binding electricity, biomass, fuel and biorelated products Abundant and sustainable source Economically efficient Sweden(and other countries) may be self sufficient on methanol, saving money, avoiding oil monopolies Efficient in production process and in the engine Non-sooting 3

4 House use We are able to store electricity as methanol! Industry Electric Transporter vehicles Hybrid vehicles Combustion engine or Fuel cell vehicles Water Electrolysis & Methane Fuel cell CO 2, Biomass Syngas & Methane Bio-based products

5 Methanol with existing technology gives similar climate impact as the best future electrical car WTW. Is it better to use sustainable electricity to replace coal and nuclear plants rather than fossil fuels? Data from JEC-2014, Volvo, BMW, Toyota 5

6 MOT-2030 project results >53% efficiency acheived in PPC regime (the most effective methanol engine in the world?) EURO VI without aftertreatment (steady-state) Advanced EGR control maximises turbo mass flow ~4 % incresed middle range efficiency Methanol ignites preferably in leaner zones producing no soot 12 publications (6 ongoing) >10 articles in press 3 radio interviews (one in Iceland) 1 internationell workshop i Lund (ca 120 participants) >10 seminares Collaborations: LTU, Summeth, Green Pilot, Istituto Motori (Italien), VTT (Finland), Sakarya University (Turkiet), mfl Spin-off: contribution in 2 other methanol projects and two grant applications 6

7 Publications Gustav Kristersson Svensson, E., Li, C., Shamun, S., Johansson, B. et al., "Potential Levels of Soot, NOx, HC and CO for Methanol Combustion," SAE Technical Paper , 2016, Tuner, M., "Review and Benchmarking of Alternative Fuels in Conventional and Advanced Engine Concepts with Emphasis on Efficiency, CO2, and Regulated Emissions," SAE Technical Paper , 2016, doi: / (Samverkan med förstudie fl ör Future Fuels) Svensson, E., Yin, L., Tunestal, P., Thern, M. et al., "Evaluation of Different Turbocharger Configurations for a Heavy-Duty Partially Premixed Combustion Engine," SAE Int. J. Engines 10(5):2017. Sam Shamun, Mengqin Shen, Lund University; Bengt Johansson, King Abdullah Univof Science & Tech; Joakim Pagels, Anders Gudmundsson, Per Tunestal -. Engines 9(4):2016, doi: / Svensson, E., Yin, L., Tunestal, P., and Tuner, M., "Combined Low and High Pressure EGR for Higher Brake Efficiency with Partially Premixed Combustion," SAE Technical Paper , Pucilowski, M., Jangi, M., Shamun, S., Tuner, M. et al., "The Effect of Injection Pressure on the NOx Emission Rates in a Heavy-Duty DICI Engine Running on Methanol.," SAE Technical Paper , Sam Shamun, Martin Tuner, Can Hasimoglu, Ahmet Murcak, Per Tunestal -vestigation of Methanol CI Combustion in a High Compression Ratio HD Engine using a Box-Behnken -633, doi: /j.fuel Sam Shamun, Maja Novakovic, Vilhelm Malmborg Berg, Calle Preger, Mengqin Shen, Maria E. Messing, Joakim Pagels, Martin Tunér and Per Godkänd för publicering vid COMODIA Juni 2017 Pucilowski, M., Jangi, M., Shamun, S., Li, C. et al., "Effect of Start of Injection on the Combustion Characteristics in a Heavy-Duty DICI Engine Running on Methanol," SAE Technical Paper , Wang, Z., Lonn, S., Matamis, A., Andersson, O. et al., "Transition from HCCI to PPC: Investigation of Fuel Distribution by Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF)," SAE Int. J. Engines 10(4):2017, doi: / (Samverkan med KCFP) Yann Gallo, Vilhelm B. Malmborg, Johan Simonsson, Erik Svensson, Mengqin Shen, Per-Erik Bengtsson, Joakim Pagels, Martin Tunér, Antonio Garcia, Öivind Andersson, Investigation of late-cycle soot oxidation using laser extinction and in-cylinder gas sampling at varying inlet oxygen concentrations in diesel engines, Fuel, Volume 193, 1 April 2017, Pages , ISSN , (Samverkan med KCFP) Jangi, C. Li, S. Shamun, M. Tuner, X.S. Bai, Modelling of Methanol Combustion in a Direct Injection Compression Ignition Engine using an Accelerated Stochastic Fields Method, In Energy Procedia, Volume 105, 2017, Pages , ISSN , on Location under , (2017). (Samverkan med KCFP) -Injections Strategies on UHC and CO at Gasoline PPC Conditions in a Heavy , (2017). (Samverkan med KCFP) Lee Björnestrand, "Efficiency and emissions analysis of a methanol fuelled (Samverkan med Summeth) 7

8 Experimental setup

9 Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence PLIF Horizontal sheet Vertical sheet

10 High speed video Single injection strategy Triple injection strategy

11 High speed video Fluctuations and fuel atomization can be monitored Early spray plume development certaintly not linear Stronger oscillations on needle close

12 Future plans Publish! Optical investigations have just started Characterization of methanol injection/combustion behavior Flame development in Partially Premixed Combustion LIF and chemiluminescence to verify ignition vs stoichiometry Injection behavior compared to other fuels Focus on late injection strategies since methanol mixes fast Provide accurate and adequete optical data for CFD model development and validation, spray and combustion modelling 12

13 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) CFD study 1 Effect of SOI on in-cylinder conditions CFD study 2 Effect of injection pressure on NOx emissions CFD future study

14 CFD study 1 - Methanol in-cylinder conditions SOI sweep -17 ATDC to -1 ATDC Scope: Defining local conditions for mixing process and combustion process. Model validation based on metal engine experiments. Outcome: Colling effect (long ignition delay) due to the high heat of vaporization. Easy to mix for lean condition due to the low stoichiometric mass ratio 6.47 (gasoline 14.6). HCCI like combustion. High MPRR with single injection. SAE Technical Paper Detroit 2017

15 CFD study 1 - Methanol in-cylinder conditions SOI ATDC SAE Technical Paper

16 CFD study 1 - Methanol in-cylinder conditions SOI -7 ATDC SAE Technical Paper

17 CFD study 2 Effect of injection pressure on NOx emissions Injection pressure study 800 bar and 1600 bar high CR27 injection close to TDC Scope: Experiments showed that NOx levels increases with higher injections pressure. CFD was performed to gain more understanding behind this trend. Outcome: CFD replicated longer ignition delay caused by higher injection pressure. At the onset of auto-ignition the spray plume size is larger thus more mass is burning at close to stoichiometry conditions. As a consequence rate of NOx formation becomes higher producing more total NOx under a shorter time. SAE Technical Paper Beijing 2017

18 CFD study 2 Effect of injection pressure on NOx emissions CASE A 800bar CASE B 1600bar SAE Technical Paper

19 LES models More helpful to make direct comparison with optical experiments Full cylinder simulations accounting for swirl motion and spray ignition interaction

20 Future CFD study 1. Spray and combustion benchmark with optical PPC experiments 2. Piston geometry study for methanol PPC 3. Mixing and combustion process in methanol DISI concept

21 Kör så det inte ryker! Kör metanol! 21