SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY 4 AERONAUTICS AND SPACE SPECIFIC TARGETED RESEARCH PROJECT TLC

Transcription

1 SIXTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY 4 AERONAUTICS AND SPACE SPECIFIC TARGETED RESEARCH PROJECT TLC Towards Lean Combustion Start : 1st March 2005 / Budget : 7,5 Meuros EC Scientific Officer : Daniel Chiron Coordinator: Snecma / Thomas NOEL Partners: SN / RRD / MTU / Avio / TM / Onera / DLR / Lund / Coria / ECN / ITS / EBI / Genova U. / Naples U. / Cerfacs / Litec / Rome U. / IMP (Pol) / ACIES 0

2 INTRODUCTION CONTEXT Environmental impacts of aviation emissions Global Kyoto : - 5,8% green house gas in 2010 compared to 1990 Local Air Quality: concentrations limits More stringent in Europe année CO2 (ppm) CH4(ppm) N20 (ppm)

3 INTRODUCTION ACARE GOALS «-50% CO2 reduction» «-80% NOx and other emissions reduction» «reduce perceived noise by half» SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS Local Impact Reduction (Air Quality) AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS Global Impact Reduction (Green House Effect) Soot G5 CO, UHC... G4 NOx (-80%) G2 Soot G6 CO2 (-50%) G1 NOx (-80%) G3 G1 : reducing CO2 by 50% ; shared by Aircraft (20-25%), Engine (15-20%), ATM (5-10%) G2 : reducing the combustor NOx emission index in order to contribute to 80% reduction for local impact G3 : reducing by 60% the EINOx at cruise for global impact G4 : ensuring low enough combustor CO and UHC emissions to keep a margin to ICAO standard (local impact) G5 : reducing soot emissions at LTO consistently with ICAO standard G6 : reducing soot emissions in cruise Based on SRA1 analysis (2002) 2

4 TLC TARGETS TLC focus on Lean combustion because : Enable high level Nox reduction and Enhances also particulates reduction 3 main targets : Investigate Low Nox technologies -multi-point injection systems (SNM) -lifted flame (MTU) -LPP injection systems for small engines (TM or AVIO) -Lean Burners, LDI (RRD) calibrate CFD & Improve physical knowledge -RANS and LES calculations, - combustion models to predict emissions - comparison with optical diagnosis to calibrate and improve physical knowledge - develop systematic optimisation procedures Develop high quality diagnosis -enhance knowledge and understandig - reach the physical dimensions in the flame : OH and kerosene by LIF, CO2 by CARS, Temperature by PIV Velocities by LDA, PDA Soots by LII 3

5 PARTNERS 19 partners from 6 countries (France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Spain and Poland) Main European actors in aero-engine combustor technology (Snecma, Rolls-Royce Deutschland, MTU, Avio, Turboméca) 2 main national research centers in aeronautics (DLR, ONERA) Best universities and laboratories in measurement and computation SNM - TM - ONERA - CORIA - ECN - CERFACS - ACIES LITEC-ZA (Ulund, CORIA, ECN, ITS, EBI, Gen-U, Na-U, CERFACS, LITEC, DMA, IMP) ULund RRD - MTU - DLR - ITS - EBI AVIO - Gen-U - Na-U - DMA IMP 4

6 ORGANISATION AROUND 5 WPs WP1 (Onera) Advanced Experimental Diagnosis (LIF, CARS, PIV, LDA, LII) at HP WP0 Coordination & Exploitation WP4 (Avio) Advanced Numerical Diagnosis (RANS, LES, adv. physical modeling) WP2 (SNM) Lean injection systems: experimental evaluation WP3 (RRD) Lean injection systems: design & optimisation 5

7 WP 1 : Advanced experimental diagnosis Absorption and PLIF (DLR) PLIF of Kerosene( ONERA) Temperature field First results at 4 bars. LII for soot imaging (DLR) Calibration at high pressure Design of a new rig with optical acces(onera/sn) Objectives : Adapt & validate non intrusive diagnosis to realistic conditions Support WP2 Mixture fraction imaging measurement done 15 bars, 700K CARS of CO2 (ONERA) Adaptation of CARS at high pressure conditions. Temperature and efficency 3d turbulent imaging (Ulund) Fuel distribution by high repetition rate LIF 6

8 WP 2 : Lean injection systems : experimental evaluation Various lean injection systems will be experimentally investigated Multipoint LP (SN) LPP for small engines (TM) LPP (AVIO) Lean Burner LDI (RRD) Without flame Atomization, Pre-mixing, prevaporization Velocity, spray pattern Lifted flames (MTU/EBI) Influence of Incomplete evaporation (ITS) Unsteady aerodynamics (GenU) Unsteady heat release on LP burner (DLR) Combustion Emissions, stability, Combustion process : OH, Temperature, soot Assessment of the technologies in realistic conditions 7

9 WP 3 : Lean injection systems : Design & optimisation Air Fuel Premixing and Prevaporisation tube Optimisation of LPP technology AVIO/GEN-U Multipoint staged SN Designed and optimised CFD Assess in the WP2 Objectives : Design and optimisation of various lean injection concept Manufacture the hardware Optimisation of the TVC concept in Clean casing AVIO/IMP/DMA Optimisation strategies for lean burners LDI RRD 8

10 WP 3 : Lean injection systems : Design & optimisation main objectives CAD/CAE with advanced parametric modeling features optimisation software which integrates design and analysis codes lean injection optimisation geometry integrated automatic meshing tool robust CFD solver with strong functionalities q review of available optimisation methods suitable for combustion q demonstration of applicability and effectiveness of optimisation methods for lean injection systems q generation of design criteria for lean injection systems q identification of gaps and further needs for non- empirical combustor design improvement 9

11 WP4 : Advanced numerical diagnosis 4The scope of this workpackage is the numerical simulation on injection systems and tubular combustors. 4The range of calculations will be RANS, URANS and LES on gaseous or two-phase, reactive or non- reactive flows. 4Development realised in recently completed European Programs like CFD4C and MOLECULES will be exploited as much as possible. 10

12 CONCLUSION Today, TO+16, the project has well begun, Partners meet 2 times : 6 M meeting (Snecma : Villaroche) & 1 year meeting (ITS and EBI : Karlsruhe) First results are coming, great exchanges between partners. 2 nd year : first experimental results on the new technology design in WP3 with advanced diagnosis (WP1) in realistic conditions After a 1srt year of preparing, the 2 nd year will sound as the beginning of very exciting results on new technologies 11