Dual-fuel combustion for the introduction of renewable alcohol fuels in heavy-duty diesel engines

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1 KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Dual-fuel combustion for the introduction of renewable alcohol fuels in heavy-duty diesel engines Nicola Giramondi Prof. Anders Christiansen Erlandsson (KTH) Dr. Anders Westlund (Scania), Prof. Mihai Mihaescu (KTH)

2 Project overview Title: Dual-fuel combustion for the introduction of renewable alcohol fuels in heavy-duty diesel engines Timeline: August 2016 Fall 2020 Research Program: Fordonsstrategisk Forskning och Innovation (FFI) Project partners:

3 Summary Project motivation Research questions Research methodology Project status and plan

4 Project motivation Diesel pilot-ignited alcohol direct injection in heavy-duty engines

5 Motivation Controllability (Injection strategy) Indicated efficiency Alcohol-Diesel Direct Injection Diffusion combustion (At high loads) Oxygen content Heat of vaporization ( In-cylinder peak temperature) Cycle-to-cycle variations UHC, soot NOx References: Boretti (2012); Haraldson (2014); Gao et al. (2013); Sarjovaara, Alantie and Larmi (2013); Zheng, Li and Han (2015)

6 Dual-fuel engine for marine applications Reference: Haraldson, 2014 Wärtsilä methanol-diesel concept Mixing-controlled combustion

7 Research questions Injection system geometry and injection strategy

8 Dual-fuel injection system prototype Design of the dual-fuel injection system

9 Injection system geometry Influence of the geometrical parameters of the injection system on: Ignition timing, combustion phasing Ignition and combustion characteristics Alcohol-diesel spray-spray interaction Heat release rate Degree of premixing Liquid penetration Local equivalence ratio Temperature field With different injection strategies

10 Injection strategy Ignition timing, combustion phasing Heat release rate Influence of the injection strategy: Performance Emissions Indicated efficiency UHC, CO, NOx, soot Combustion variability COV of IMEP, misfire At low and high loads With respect to a pure diesel baseline

11 Research methodology Coupling CFD simulation and single-cylinder engine testing

12 Tools and methods Combustion simulation Metal engine testing CFD method development + Injection system pre-design Sweeping: Nozzle geometry and injection strategy Targeting: Ignition and combustion characteristics Prototype testing Sweeping: Nozzle geometry and injection strategy Targeting: Emissions, performance and combustion variability Combustion simulation CFD method validation Optical engine testing Combustion optical diagnostics Targeting: Ignition characteristics + Spray-spray interaction

13 Project status and plan

14 Project status and plan Accomplishments Research questions Injection system design Preliminary CFD simulation campaign Combustion simulation method MATLAB post-processing tools On-going work Experimental system set-up CFD method refinement CFD simulation campaign Near-future work Publication of CFD results Experimental campaign Publication of experimental results CFD method validation

15 Thanks for your attention!

16 References Boretti, A. (2012) Advantages of converting Diesel engines to run as dual fuel ethanol-diesel, Applied Thermal Engineering. Elsevier Ltd, 47, pp doi: /j.applthermaleng Haraldson, L. (2014) IEA BIOENERGY AND AMF WORKSHOP HEAVY DUTY ENGINES [PowerPoint Slides] Available from Gao, T. Y. et al. (2012) An Enabling Study of Low Temperature Combustion with Ethanol in a Diesel Engine, Proceedings of the Asme Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference , 135(December), pp doi: / Sarjovaara, T., Alantie, J. and Larmi, M. (2013) Ethanol dual-fuel combustion concept on heavy duty engine, Energy. Elsevier Ltd, 63(x), pp doi: /j.energy Zheng, M., Li, T. and Han, X. (2015) Direct injection of neat n-butanol for enabling clean low temperature combustion in a modern diesel engine, Fuel. Elsevier Ltd, 142, pp doi: /j.fuel

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