SECTION M: Agriculture

Transcription

1 SECTION M: Agriculture G.I. Trant, Agriculture Canada The statistics of agriculture presented here are in five sections. Series Ml-248 are the general statistics of the industry, covering such topics as farm population, area of farms, capital employed, cash income and prices of farm products. Series M are crop statistics, showing acreage, production and value of the various crops. Series M are livestock statistics, showing number and value of livestock on farms as well as production and disposition of various livestock products. Series M show exports and domestic disappearance of grains, animals and animal products, and food produced and consumed, per capita. Series M are miscellaneous statistics such as sales through marketing boards and purchases through co-operatives and farm implement and fertilizer sales. It is regretted that space would not permit the inclusion of provincial breakdowns of crop and livestock statistics, for which a considerable amount of original research was carried out in the Agriculture Division of Statistics Canada. The voluminous tabulations on a provincial basis are available only in manuscript form in that division. However, provincial breakdowns have been given in the general statistics (Series M1-248) wherever possible. The general note which appears in the first edition of this volume contains much useful background material which has not been repeated here, but which should be consulted by the interested reader. To a considerable extent, the following notes and tables constitute simply an updating of the previously published material. However, all previously published figures were checked and revised where necessary and several new series were added. A few series of mainly historical interest, which terminated prior to 1960, were not repeated in the present volume. There are two general measures of the importance of agriculture in the total economy, which are given in Section F, National Income and the Capital Stock. These are series F56, gross domestic product in agriculture (current dollars) and series F226, real domestic product in agriculture (constant 1971 dollars, indexed). Both of these series show a long term decline in agriculture relative to the total economy. For example, the gross domestic product originating in agriculture was 17.2 per cent of the total economy in 1926 and 3.0 per cent in The real domestic product index for agriculture nearly doubled between 1935 and 1971, whereas that for the total economy grew six times. Further detail on the last mentioned series is given in series M , 'Index numbers of physical volume of agricultural production, Canada and by province, 1935 to 1974.' A third measure of the relative importance of agriculture, which excludes the rapidly growing service industries, is census value added in agriculture and other goods-producing industries, as published in Survey of Production, 1975, (Catalogue ). Since this is the only source which cross-classifies industries by province, it is shown in tabular form below. Census value added, 1975 (millions of dollars) All goods-producing Per cent in Agriculture industries agriculture Newfoundland 1,037 Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia 59 1, New Brunswick 51 1, Quebec , Ontario 1,535 28, Manitoba 639 2, Saskatchewan 1,885 3, Alberta 1,372 10, British Columbia 249 6, Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories 211 Canada 6,630 72,

2 General Statistics (Series M1-248) M1-11. Farm population, census data, Canada and by province, 1931 to 1971 SOURCE: for 1951 to 1971, Statistics Canada, 1971 Census of Canada: Agriculture, vol. IV, parts 1 to 3, (Bulletins to 4.3-4), Ottawa, 1973; for 1946, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1946: Agriculture, vol. IV, Ottawa, 1949; for 1941, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Census of Canada, 1956: Agriculture, vol. II, (Bulletins 2-2 and 2-11), Ottawa, 1957; for 1936, see source for 1946; for 1931, see source for 1941 (plus Bulletins 2.3 to 2.10). There were no farm population data before the 1931 Census. M Farm holdings, census data, Canada and by province, 1871 to 1971 SOURCE: for 1971, Census of Canada, vol. IV, parts 1 to 3; for 1951 to 1966, 1966 Census of Canada, vols. III and V, (Bulletins 3-1 to 3-5, 4-1 to 4-2 and 5-1 to 5-4); for 1946, Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1946, vol. IV; for 1941, Census of Canada, 1956, vol. II, (Bulletins 2-2 and 2-11); for 1936, see source for 1946; for 1931, see source for 1941; for 1926, see source for 1946; for 1921, Census of Canada, 1956, vol. II, (Bulletins 2-2 to 2-11); for 1916, see source for 1926; for 1901 and 1911, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Ninth Census of Canada, 1951: Agriculture, vol. VI, parts I and II; for 1881, Eighth Census of Canada, 1941, vol. VIII, parts I and II; for 1891, Seventh Census of Canada, 1931, vol. VIII; for 1871, see source for For a discussion of the comparability of the data see the first edition of this volume, page 342. M Area of land in farm holdings, census data, Canada and by province, 1871 to 1971 SOURCE: for 1931 to 1971, same as series M1-11; for 1871 to 1926, same as series M M Area of improved land in farm holdings, census data, Canada and by province, 1871 to 1971 SOURCE: same as Series M M Current value of farm capital, Canada and by province, 1901 to 1974 SOURCE: for 1966 to 1975, Statistics Canada, Quarterly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, vols. 59 to 68, (Catalogue ); for 1917 to 1965, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Monthly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, vols. 12 to 58; for 1916, Department of Trade and Commerce, Census and Statistics Office, Monthly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, 1918, vol. II, and 1946 Census of the Prairie Provinces; for 1911, Ninth Census of Canada, 1951: Agriculture, vol. VI, part I and II; for 1901, same as above, plus Seventh Census of Canada, 1931: Agriculture, vol. VIII. The data for 1901 to 1929 are aggregates derived from the separate data on value of lands and buildings, implements and machinery and livestock and poultry. M Male workers employed in agriculture, labour force estimates, Canada and by region and province, 1946 to 1974 SOURCE: for 1959 to 1974, Statistics Canada, The Labour Force, vols. 15 to 30, (Catalogue ); for 1946 to 1958, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, The Labour Force, November, July, Reference Paper No. 58, 1958 Revision, (Catalogue ). M Male workers employed in agricultural occupations, decennial census data, Canada and by province, 1891 to 1971 SOURCE: for 1971, Statistics Canada, 1971 Census of Canada: Occupations, vol. III, part 2 (Bulletin 3.2-3), Ottawa, 1974; for 1961, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, 1961 Census of Canada: Labour Force-Occupations, vol. III, part 1 (Bulletin 3.1-3), Ottawa, February 1963; for 1951, Ninth Census of Canada, 1951: Labour Force Occupations and Industries, vol. IV; for 1941, Eighth Census of Canada, 1941: Gainfully Occupied by Occupations and Industries, vol. VII; for 1931, Seventh Census of Canada, 1931: Occupations and Industries, vol. VII; for 1921, Sixth Census of Canada, 1921: Occupations, vol. IV; for 1911, Canada, Department of Trade and Commerce, Fifth Census of Canada, 1911: Occupations of the People, vol. VI; for 1891, Canada, Department of Agriculture and Statistics, Census of Canada, , vol. II. M Monthly wages without board for male farm labour, Canada and by region and province, 1909 to 1974 SOURCE: for 1941 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Quarterly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, July- September each year, vols. 35 to 65; for 1914 to 1940, Monthly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, vols. 15 to 33; for 1909 and 1910, Monthly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, vol. 13.

3 M Cash receipts from farming operations, Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: for 1961 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Farm Net Income, 1974, (Catalogue ); for 1960, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Quarterly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, 1969, vol. 62, (Catalogue ); for 1926 to 1959, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Handbook of Agricultural Statistics, Part II: Farm Income, , (Catalogue ). M Realized farm gross income, Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: same as series M M Realized farm net income, Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: same as series M M Total farm net income, Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: same as series M M Reconciliation of net income from farm operations and accrued net income from farm production, Canada, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, National Income and Expenditure Accounts: The Annual Estimates, 1926 to 1974, vol. 1, (Catalogue ). M Cash receipts from crops, Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: for 1965 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Farm Cash Receipts, 1974, (Catalogue ); for 1926 to 1964, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Handbook of Agricultural Statistics, Part II: Farm Income, , (Catalogue ). M Cash receipts from livestock, Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: same as series M M Cash receipts from dairy products, Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: same as series M M Cash receipts from poultry and eggs, Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: same as series M M Miscellaneous cash receipts from farming operations, Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 SOURCE: same as series M M Composite index of farm prices of agricultural products, Canada and by province, 1935 to 1974 SOURCE: for 1960 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Index Numbers of Farm Prices of Agricultural Products, 1975, vol. 30, (Catalogue ); for 1935 to 1959, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Index Numbers of Farm Prices of Agricultural Products: Revised to Time Base, 1961 = 100, (Catalogue ). M Indexes of farm prices for groups of agricultural products, Canada, 1935 to 1974 SOURCE: files of Farm Income and Prices Section, Agriculture Division, Statistics Canada. M Farm input prices indexes, Canada, 1961 to 1974 SOURCE: for 1970 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Farm Input Price Indexes, (Catalogue ); for 1961 to 1969, Statistics Canada, Farm Input Price Indexes, (Catalogue ). M Price index numbers of commodities and services used by farmers, Canada, 1913 to 1961 SOURCE: Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Prices and Price Indexes, (Catalogue , previously and ).

4 M Wholesale market prices for selected agricultural products, 1867 to 1974 SOURCE: M for years 1918 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Grain Trade of Canada, (Catalogue ); for 1915 to 1917, Canada, Department of Labour, Annual Report, Wholesale Prices; for 1890 to 1914, Canada, Department of Labour, Wholesale Prices in Canada. M For 1890 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Livestock and Animal Products Statistics, (Catalogue ); for 1870 to 1889, Michell, H., Statistics of Price, in Taylor and Michell, Statistical Contributions to Canadian Economic History, vol. II, Toronto, The MacMillan Company of Canada Limited, M For 1913 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Prices and Price Indexes, vols. 21 to 53, (Catalogue from 1955 to 1974 and Catalogue from 1913 to 1954); for 1890 to 1913, Canada, Department of Labour, Wholesale Prices, Canada, various issues back to May, 1910; for 1867 to 1889, same as series M234. Specifications M228. Wheat. For 1971 to 1974, No. 1 Canadian Western Red Spring, 13.5 per cent; cents and eighths per bushel, basis in store Thunder Bay; average for crop year beginning 1 August of daily fixed price for export sales quoted by Canadian Wheat Board. This specification differed in prior years, as follows: in 1970, to No. 1 Manitoba Northern, daily fixed price for International Grains Arrangement sales, quoted by Canadian Wheat Board; in 1968, basis Fort William-Port Arthur; in 1967, average for International Wheat Agreement and domestic sales; in 1945, daily cash price at Winnipeg; in 1916, price on first market day of each week; in 1889, Ontario Winter No. 2 White, on last market day of each month at Toronto; and in 1867, Fall, ungraded, at Toronto. M229. Oats. For 1974, No. 2 Canadian Western, cents and eighths per bushel, basis in store Thunder Bay, average for crop year beginning 1 August of daily fixed price for domestic sales quoted by Canadian Wheat Board. This specification differed in prior years as follows: in 1973, average of domestic and export prices; in 1948, prices quoted by Winnipeg Grain Exchange; in 1947, domestic price only, at Winnipeg; in 1923, crop year began 1 September, not 1 August; in 1916, first market day of each week; in 1911, No. 2 White Western; in 1910, first market day of each month; and in 1889, ungraded, at Toronto. M230. Barley. In 1974, No. 2 Canadian Western, Six Row, cents and eighths per bushel, basis in store Thunder Bay, average for crop year beginning 1 August of daily fixed price for malting sales quoted by Canadian Wheat Board; in 1973, average of domestic and export prices; in 1968, No. 3 Canadian Western, Six Row; in 1948, at Winnipeg Grain Exchange; in 1947, domestic sales only; in 1946, at Winnipeg; in 1923, crop year beginning 1 September; in 1916, first market day of each week; in 1910, first market day of each month; and in 1889, ungraded, at Toronto. M231. Flaxseed. From 1972 to 1974, No. 1 Canadian Western, cents and eighths per bushel, basis in store Thunder Bay, average for crop year beginning 1 August of daily closing cash prices for domestic and export sales at Winnipeg Commodity Exchange. This specification differed in prior years as follows: in 1971, at Winnipeg Grain Exchange; in 1947, domestic price on sales to crushers, at Winnipeg; in 1945, daily cash price at Winnipeg; in 1930, name changed to No. 1 North Western; in 1923, crop year beginning 1 September; in 1916, first market day of each week; and in 1910, first market day of each month. M232. Rapeseed. No. 1 Canada, cents and eighths per bushel, basis in store Thunder Bay, average for crop year beginning 1 August of daily closing cash price at Winnipeg Commodity Exchange. The above specification differed in prior years as follows: in 1971, quoted by Winnipeg Grain Exchange; in 1969, basis in store Vancouver. M233. Corn. For 1973 and 1974, No. 2 Canadian Eastern, cents and eighths per bushel, f.o.b. Chatham, average for crop year beginning 1 August of daily buying price for carlots. This specification differed in prior years as follows: in 1972, No. 2 Ontario Yellow, 15.5 per cent moisture; in 1951, daily price for carlots delivered Toronto; and in 1947, Ontario Natural, carlots delivered Toronto. M234. Steers. In 1974, Grade A1 and 2, cents per pound, weighted average price at Toronto; in 1972, good all weights; in 1957, good over 1,000 pounds; in 1948, good over 1,050 pounds; in 1935, good and choice, over 1,050 pounds; in 1929, good 1,000 to 1,200 pounds; in 1919, choice butcher; in 1918, first market day each week; in 1910, first market day each month; and in 1889, first quality export, last market day each month. M235. Pigs. Index 100, cents per pound, dressed weight, weighted average price at Toronto. This specification differed in prior years as follows: in 1968, grade B; in 1959, grade B1; in 1942, bacon; in 1939, bacon live weight; in 1929, thick smooth; in 1922, select live weight; in 1918, first market day of each week; in 1912, choice select; in 1910, first market day of each month; and in 1889, first quality export, last market day of each month. M236. Sheep. From 1949 to 1974, good sheep, cents per pound, weighted average price at Toronto. The above specification differed in prior years as follows: in 1948, good handyweight sheep; in 1921, choice sheep, average of monthly price; in 1912, light ewes, first market day of each week; in 1911, export ewes; in 1910, first market day of each month; and in 1889, last market day of each month. M237. Eggs. From 1971 to 1974, grade A large, cents per dozen, at Toronto. The above specification differed in prior years as follows: in 1970, at Montreal; in 1952, fresh grade A large; in 1933, fresh extras; in 1925, new laid; in 1912, fresh; in 1910, storage, at Toronto; in 1889, new laid; and in 1867, ungraded.

5 M238. Butter. From 1953 to 1974, first grade prints, cents per pound, at Montreal. The above specification differed in prior years as follows: in 1952, first grade creamery prints; in 1935, No. 1 creamery; in 1925, creamery finest; in 1910, creamery prints at Toronto; in 1889, dairy prints; and in 1867, ungraded. M Index numbers of physical volume of agricultural production, Canada and by province, 1935 to 1974 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Index of Farm Production, (Catalogue ). Crop Statistics (Series M ) M Seeded area, production and farm gross value of field crops, Canada, 1870, 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1908 to 1974 SOURCE: M , for 1921 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Handbook of Agricultural Statistics: Field Crops, part I, (Catalogue ); for 1908 to 1920, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Handbook of Agricultural Statistics: Field Crops, part I, (Catalogue ); for 1900, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Sixth Census of Canada, 1921: Agriculture, vol. V; for 1890, same as for 1900; for 1880, Canada, Department of Agriculture, Census Branch, Census of Canada, , vol. III; for 1870, Canada, Department of Agriculture, Census Branch, Census of Canada, , vol. III. M , for 1916 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Quarterly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, (Catalogue ); for 1911 to 1915, Canada, Department of Trade and Commerce, Census and Statistics Office, Census and Statistics Monthly; for 1890 to 1910, Canada, Department of Trade and Commerce, Census and Statistics Office, Fifth Census of Canada, 1911: Agriculture, vol. IV. The Canada totals in this and the following three tables include Newfoundland, the Yukon Territory and the Northwest Territories. M Crop statistics: production, imports, exports and domestic disappearance of wheat, Canada, 1868 to 1974 SOURCE: M301, for 1921 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Handbook of Agricultural Statistics: Field Crops, part I, (Catalogue ); for 1908 to 1920, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Handbook of Agricultural Statistics: Field Crops, part I, (Catalogue ); for 1868 to 1907, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Monthly Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, vol. 30, (Catalogue ). M302, for 1960 to 1966, Canada, Dominion Bureau of Statistics, Grain Trade of Canada, (Catalogue ); for 1868 to 1959, same as series M301. M , for 1962 to 1974, Statistics Canada, Grain Trade of Canada, (Catalogue ); for 1868 to 1961, same as series M301. M , for 1917 to 1974, same as series M301 and M M309, same as series M301 and M Livestock Statistics (Series M ) M Livestock statistics, number on farms and farm values at 1 June, Canada, 1871 to 1975 SOURCE: for 1907 to 1975, Statistics Canada, Livestock and Animal Products Statistics, (Catalogue ), The above report is the 57th in an annual series covering livestock and animal products in Canada. The first volume, issued in 1920, covered the years 1909 to 1919 and subsequent volumes have maintained a continuous annual record of the operations of the livestock industry in Canada. Some historical and summary statements have been included to afford a long-time view of the industry. Newfoundland entered Confederation March 31, 1949, but, for the most part, current statistical data for Newfoundland are not available. Except for external trade statistics and estimates of meat production and consumption for the years 1964 to 1976, all data in this report refer to the other nine provinces only. However, a special section on Newfoundland is included on page 83 of the above report. The survey date has been changed from 1 December to 1 January starting with 1 January In 1975 the 1 June semi-annual survey data was changed to 1 July. Information has been assembled from various departmental sources. Commercial marketing and inspected slaughter of livestock are reported by the Food Production and Marketing Branch of Agriculture Canada; for years prior to 1907, see the first edition of this volume. M Livestock product statistics, estimated number slaughtered and weight of meat produced, Canada, 1871, 1881, 1891 and 1920 to 1975 SOURCE: for 1961 to 1975, Livestock and Animal Product Statistics, (Catalogue ), 1975; for years prior to 1961, see the first edition of this volume.

6 M Utilization of total milk production, Canada, 1920 to 1975 SOURCE: CANSIM, Matrix No M Dairy products and margarine: total domestic disappearance, Canada, 1920 to 1975 SOURCE: CANSIM, Matrix No M Dairy products: domestic disappearance, in terms of milk, Canada, 1920 to 1975 SOURCE: CANSIM, Matrix No M Dairy products: domestic disappearance in terms of milk, Canada, 1920 to 1975 SOURCE: CANSIM, Matrix No M Number of poultry on farms, by class, Canada, 1916 to 1972 SOURCE: CANSIM, Matrix Nos and M Total poultry meat: supply and disposition, Canada, 1926 to 1975 SOURCE: for 1970 to 1975, Production of Poultry and Eggs, (Catalogue ), 1976; for 1926 to 1969, CANSIM, Matrix No M Total poultry meat: production, disposition and farm value, Canada, 1941 to 1975 SOURCE: for 1970 to 1975, Production of Poultry and Eggs, (Catalogue ), 1976; for 1941 to 1969, CANSIM, Matrix No M Eggs, supply and disposition, Canada, 1920 to 1975 SOURCE: for 1970 to 1975, Production of Poultry and Eggs, (Catalogue ), 1976; for 1920 to 1969, CANSIM, Matrix No M Eggs, production and disposition, Canada, 1920 to 1975 SOURCE: for 1970 to 1975, Production of Poultry and Eggs, (Catalogue ), 1976; for 1920 to 1969, CANSIM, Matrix No Exports and Domestic Disappearance (Series M ) M Exports of major agricultural products, grains (except wheat), quantity, Canada, crop years, 1868 to 1975 SOURCE: for 1961 to 1975, Grain Trade of Canada, Export Clearances by Countries of Final Destination, (Catalogue ); for years prior to 1961, see the first edition of this volume. M Exports of major agricultural products, animals and animal products, quantity and value, Canada, 1868 to 1975 SOURCE: M , Livestock and Animal Product Statistics, (Catalogue ). M425, for years 1974 and 1975, CANSIM, Matrix No. 1332; for years 1962 to 1973, Handbook of Agricultural Statistics, (Catalogue Occasional). M426, for years 1974 and 1975, Grain Trade of Canada, (Catalogue Annual); for years 1961 to 1973, unpublished historical tables, Dairy Section, Agriculture Division. M427, for 1976, Production of Poultry and Eggs, (Catalogue Annual); for years 1970 to 1975, CANSIM, Matrix No M Domestic disappearance of food products, per capita, Canada, 1919 to 1976 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Agriculture Division. The general procedure in this compilation was to start with an estimate of production at either the farm or processor level. Adjustments were made for beginning and year-end inventories and for imports and exports to obtain total supplies. To obtain an estimate of apparent domestic disappearance, the portion of total supplies used for livestock feed, seed, manufacturing inputs and waste was subtracted. Apparent domestic disappearance figures calculated in this way represent the amount of food moving into trade channels.

7 The data for the components of the food balance sheets are mainly derived from farm surveys and reports by firms engaged in producing and marketing in the food industry. The net food figure represents the supply of food leaving the wholesale level destined for retail distribution. The per capita estimates of supplies of food are shown as retail or product weight with exceptions of meat and poultry which are calculated on a cold dressed carcass and eviscerated weight basis. The waste factors used for specific commodities attempt to account for waste up to the retail level but do not allow for losses in stores, households, private institutions or restaurants. Per capita values for meat also include features such as bone in and fat weight as well as the amounts of meat used in canned goods and pet foods. Per capita values do not represent total food supplies actually consumed by an individual or by a specific group of individuals but provide data on what is available for consumption on the average each year by the total Canadian population. M Grain elevators, number and capacities, 1958 to 1977 SOURCE: Grain Elevators in Canada, compiled by Board of Grain Commissioners for Canada. Miscellaneous Statistics (Series M ) M Marketing Boards in Canada SOURCE: these statistics have been collected by the Marketing and Trade Division of the Canada Department of Agriculture, in co-operation with provincial governments, through a mail survey starting in the marketing (crop) year (12 months ending July 31). Farmers' receipts through marketing board agencies are shown as a percentage of total farm cash receipts for each group as estimated by the Agriculture Division of Statistics Canada. The data include all boards affecting agricultural products regardless of function, legal status or degree of producer control. The first broiler chicken marketing board was established in and the first egg board in M Co-operatives in Canada, 1934 to 1975 SOURCE: these statistics have been collected by the Marketing and Trade Division of the Canada Department of Agriculture through a mail survey starting in the 1934 co-operative fiscal year. M Farm implement and equipment sales and sales of repair parts, Canada, 1947 to 1976 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Farm Implement and Equipment Sales, (Catalogue ). M525. Expenses for fertilizer, Canada, 1926 to 1976 SOURCE: these statistics were prepared in the Agriculture Division of Statistics Canada.

8 Series M1-11. Farm population, census data, Canada and by province, 1931 to 1971 Year Canada 1 Newfound- Prince Nova New Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskat- Alberta British land Edward Scotia Brunswick chewan Columbia Island ,489,565 5,156 21,338 26,977 27, , , , , ,924 79, ,960,365 9,236 31,041 46,283 52, , , , , ,583 91, ,128,400 11,090 34,753 58,020 63, , , , , ,814 84, ,746,755 13,055 43,296 98, , , , , , , , ,911,996 19,975 46, , , , , , , , , , , , ,152,491 51, , , , , , , , , , , , ,289,214 55, , , , , , , , ,367 1 Includes the Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories.

9 Series M Farm holdings, census data, Canada and by province, 1871 to 1971 Year Canada Newfound- Prince Nova New Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskat- Alberta British land Edward Scotia Brunswick chewan Columbia Island ,128 1,042 4,543 6,008 5,485 61,257 94,722 34,981 76,970 62,702 18, ,522 1,709 6,357 9,621 8,706 80, ,887 39,747 85,686 69,411 19, ,903 1,752 7,335 12,518 11,786 95, ,333 43,306 93,924 73,212 19, ,015 2,387 9,432 21,075 22, , ,602 49, ,391 79,424 24, ,091 3,626 10,137 23,515 26, , ,920 52, ,018 84,315 26, , ,612 89, ,858 12,230 32,977 31, , ,204 58, ,713 99,732 26, , , , ,664 12,865 39,444 34, , ,174 54, ,472 97,408 26, , ,781 77, ,090 13,701 47,432 36, , ,053 53, ,451 82,954 21, , ,006 67, ,3 682,329 14,113 52,491 37, , ,108 43,631 95,013 60,559 16, ,073 13,748 54,478 37, , ,054 32,252 13,445 9,479 6, ,4 542,181 14,549 60,122 38, , ,195 22,008 9,244 6, ,025 13,629 55,873 36, , ,989 9,077 1,014 2, ,862 46,316 31, , ,258 1 Data for Canada include the Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories. 2 Data for Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta exclude farm holdings on Indian reserves. 3 Excludes plots under one acre, to attain comparability with data for later years. 4 Data for Saskatchewan comprise the districts of Assiniboia, Saskatchewan and Alberta. 5 Data for Saskatchewan comprise the Northwest Territories, west of Manitoba.

10 Series M Area of land in farm holdings, census data, Canada and by province, 1871 to 1971 (thousands of acres) Year Canada Newfound- Prince Nova New Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskat- Alberta British land Edward Scotia Brunswick chewan Columbia Island , ,329 1,339 10,801 15,963 19,008 65,057 49,506 5, , ,852 1,812 12,886 17,826 19,084 65,409 48,983 5, , ,230 2,200 14,198 18,579 18,170 64,416 47,229 4, , ,065 2,776 2,981 15,910 19,880 17,932 62,794 45,970 4, , ,095 3,174 3,470 16,786 20,880 17,730 61,663 44,460 4, ,671 59,416 41, ,566 1,169 3,817 3,964 18,063 22,388 16,891 59,961 43,277 4, ,669 56,904 40, ,119 1,191 4,302 4,152 17,304 22,841 15,132 55,673 38,977 3, ,412 45,945 28, ,888 1,216 4,724 4,270 17,257 22,629 14,616 44,023 29,293 2, ,437 36,801 23, ,969 1,202 5,260 4,538 15,613 22,172 12,184 28,099 17,359 2, ,422 1,195 5,081 4,443 14,444 21,350 8,843 3,833 2,736 1, ,4 60,288 1,214 6,081 4,471 15,962 21,092 5,228 2,910 3, ,358 1,127 5,396 3,810 12,626 19,260 2, ,047 5,031 3,828 11,026 16,162 1 Data for Canada include the Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories. 2 Data for Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta include only improved land for farm holdings on Indian reserves. 3 Data for Quebec include arpents that were not converted to acres. 4 Data for Saskatchewan comprise the districts of Assiniboia, Saskatchewan and Alberta. 5 Data for Saskatchewan comprise the Northwest Territories, west of Manitoba.

11 Series M Area of improved land in farm holdings, census data, Canada and by province, 1871 to 1971 (thousands of acres) Year Canada Newfound- Prince Nova New Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskat- Alberta British land Edward Scotia Brunswick chewan Columbia Island , ,450 10,865 12,804 46,427 28,460 1, , ,629 12,004 12,446 45,469 27,276 1, , ,864 12,033 11,964 43,118 25,289 1, , ,630 12,572 11,454 40,506 23,746 1, , ,006 8,829 12,693 10,762 38,807 22,271 1, ,773 35,590 20, , ,235 9,063 13,363 9,829 35,577 20, ,855 33,632 18, , ,330 8,994 13,273 8,522 33,549 17, ,346 27,714 13, , ,368 9,065 13,169 8,058 25,037 11, ,188 19,632 7, , ,257 1,445 8,162 13,653 6,746 11,872 4, , ,257 1,410 7,440 13,266 3,995 1, ,4 28, ,994 1,510 8,671 14,158 1, , ,847 1,253 6,410 11, ,336 1,627 1,171 5,704 8,834 1 Data for Canada include the Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories. 2 Data for Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta include improved land in farm holdings on Indian reserves. 3 Data for Quebec include arpents that were not converted to acres. 4 Data for Saskatchewan comprise districts of Assiniboia, Saskatchewan and Alberta. 5 Data for Saskatchewan comprise the Northwest Territories, west of Manitoba.

12 Series M Current value of farm capital, Canada and by province, 1901 to 1974 (thousands of dollars) Year Canada 1 Prince Nova New Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskat- Alberta British Edward Scotia Brunswick chewan Columbia Island ,049, , , ,016 3,200,752 10,940,301 2,959,366 7,847,154 7,640,932 2,650, ,522, , , ,998 2,779,457 8,824,189 2,436,014 6,502,496 6,344,473 1,974, ,177, , , ,755 2,396,815 7,307,945 2,109,816 5,622,088 5,476,090 1,688, ,886, , , ,976 2,167,891 6,869,964 2,048,397 5,465,483 5,201,634 1,594, ,801, , , ,139 2,267,479 6,739,978 2,087,318 5,491,992 5,199,776 1,469, ,507, , , ,975 2,175,554 6,678,735 2,083,161 5,527,031 5,167,704 1,350, ,700, , , ,510 2,066,629 5,952,379 2,100,238 5,782,459 5,084,305 1,219, ,069, , , ,437 1,966,530 5,409,992 1,959,484 5,508,084 4,706,933 1,050, ,062, , , ,971 1,886,475 4,887,916 1,759,418 4,912,567 4,217, , ,217, , , ,438 1,788,049 4,453,250 1,595,254 4,343,586 3,805, , ,744, , , ,082 1,729,290 4,217,848 1,430,309 3,805,218 3,421, , ,508, , , ,119 1,700,155 3,967,097 1,279,104 3,369,700 3,094, , ,669, , , ,880 1,652,770 3,900,832 1,183,592 3,005,533 2,851, , ,159,169 96, , ,414 1,625,810 3,745,307 1,155,354 2,865,086 2,719, , ,679,960 96, , ,496 1,611,119 3,544,297 1,109,357 2,748,816 2,619, , ,308,287 95, , ,874 1,587,119 3,574,816 1,046,676 2,597,417 2,473, , ,742,427 91, , ,548 1,543,404 3,315,883 1,046,134 2,494,867 2,374, , ,842,372 86, , ,165 1,459,350 3,005, ,253 2,347,577 2,132, , ,538,662 85, , ,586 1,442,387 2,849, ,057 2,314,319 2,067, , ,313,420 83, , ,987 1,400,752 2,783, ,365 2,256,571 2,035, , ,959,674 84, , ,270 1,405,543 2,653, ,797 2,116,550 1,984, , ,110,116 84, , ,737 1,397,969 2,610,014 1,012,522 2,173,392 2,082, , ,536,128 85, , ,851 1,418,423 2,511, ,227 2,082,081 1,785, , ,450,890 87, , ,808 1,397,856 2,546, ,286 1,992,441 1,789, , ,171,297 75, , ,894 1,211,898 2,068, ,293 1,772,908 1,576, , ,503,161 71, , ,077 1,103,061 1,927, ,806 1,612,596 1,453, , ,105,054 67, , ,191 1,108,638 1,810, ,800 1,544,297 1,340, , ,389,548 63, , ,503 1,056,477 1,685, ,895 1,370,403 1,125, , ,877,826 58, , ,203 1,008,061 1,580, ,651 1,251, , , ,580,407 59, , , ,420 1,514, ,367 1,194, , , ,489,527 57, , , ,061 1,521, ,911 1,150, , , ,274,723 53, , , ,651 1,510, ,817 1,049, , , ,649,909 51,094 94,296 93, ,361 1,279, , , , , ,247,196 47,158 88,630 81, ,481 1,190, , , , , ,214,097 46,306 86,050 83, ,419 1,243, , , , , ,298,763 50,896 98,885 97, ,854 1,261, , , , , ,213,914 53,001 91,503 93, ,953 1,241, , , , , ,383,894 51, ,036 93, ,403 1,281, , , , , ,390,319 49, ,975 99, ,103 1,253, ,510 1,025, , , ,523,308 50, ,331 92, ,606 1,216, ,904 1,130, , , ,464,147 56,100 96,810 95, ,428 1,231, ,614 1,067, , , ,443,159 53,960 95,570 95, ,678 1,167, ,181 1,072, , , ,732,638 54, ,506 99, ,775 1,250, ,380 1,119, , , ,220,660 58, , , ,323 1,394, ,836 1,256, , , ,849,364 68, , ,187 1,006,143 1,533, ,619 1,399, , , ,304,476 67, , ,130 1,131,745 1,776, ,841 1,413, , , ,298,906 67, , ,937 1,118,974 1,776, ,109 1,424, , , ,228,657 65, , ,684 1,098,038 1,755, ,226 1,417, , , ,122,438 65, , ,590 1,085,784 1,727, ,734 1,399, , , ,125,175 65, , ,600 1,081,876 1,719, ,495 1,410, , , ,055,785 64, , ,347 1,066,595 1,696, ,673 1,400, , , ,023,247 63, , ,921 1,061,350 1,697, ,934 1,383, , , ,353,128 54, , , ,758 1,443, ,791 1,233, , , ,528,276 61, , ,092 1,093,994 1,691, ,176 1,616, , , ,712, ,403, ,209, ,721 1,104, , ,230,849 42, ,969 84, ,513 1,223, , , , , ,786,310 30,626 72,560 51, , , ,349 44,460 34,699 33,480 1 Excludes Newfoundland, the Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories. 2 Excludes value of machinery. 3 Excludes value of machinery, poultry and fur animals. 4 Excludes value of fur animals. 5 Census data; excludes value of fur animals.

13 Series M Male workers 1 employed in agriculture, labour force estimates, 2 Canada and by region and province, 1946 to 1974 (thousands) Year Canada Atlantic Prince Nova New Quebec Ontario Prairie Manitoba Saskat- Alberta British provinces Edward Scotia Brunswick provinces chewan Columbia Island , ,4 1, ,4 1, ,4 1, Fourteen years of age and over, employed in June. 2 Estimates under 10,000 suffer from a high level of sampling error. 3 Data are unavailable for the separate provinces in the Atlantic and Prairie regions. 4 Excludes Newfoundland.

14 Series M Male workers employed in agricultural occupations, decennial census data, Canada and by province, 1891 to 1971 Year Canada 1 Newfound- Prince Nova New Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskat- AIberta British land Edward Scotia Brunswick chewan Columbia Island Unadjusted data ,250 1,365 5,110 7,370 6,720 63, ,140 38,535 82,195 69,150 21, ,042 1,606 8,540 11,951 12, , ,302 52, ,292 91,085 21, ,874 3,567 12,693 22,977 26, , ,795 70, , ,745 26, ,064, ,350 36,934 41, , ,914 90, , ,814 40, ,107, ,792 42,737 45, , ,597 91, , ,722 42, ,023, ,057 47,771 45, , ,715 85, , ,490 34, , ,134 47,167 44, , ,347 69, ,404 79,285 24, , ,415 59,331 50, , ,037 34,109 13, ,219 Data adjusted to 1961 classification of occupations ,042 1,606 8,540 11,951 12, , ,302 52, ,292 91,085 21, ,924 3,553 12,654 22,918 26, , ,040 70, , ,605 26, ,056, ,271 36,805 40, , ,868 90, , ,667 40,065 Data adjusted to 1951 classification of occupations ,042 1,606 8,540 11,951 12, , ,302 52, ,292 91,085 21, ,924 3,553 12,654 22,918 26, , ,040 70, , ,605 26, ,056, ,271 36,805 40, , ,868 90, , ,667 40, ,094, ,629 42,429 44, , ,256 90, , ,328 42, ,007, ,844 47,316 45, , ,585 84, , ,086 34, , ,090 46,961 44, , ,678 68, ,983 79,067 23, ,9 709, Data adjusted to 1931 classification of occupations , ,693 22,977 26, , ,795 70, , ,745 26, ,064, ,350 36,934 41, , ,914 90, , ,814 40, ,103, ,745 42,640 45, , ,105 91, , ,591 42, ,017, ,980 47,574 45, , ,680 85, , ,279 34, , ,134 47,167 44, , ,347 69, ,404 79,285 24, , ,720 52,836 48, , ,533 47,134 31, ,244 Data adjusted to 1931 classification of occupations ,064,847 16,350 36,934 41, , ,914 90, , ,814 40, ,107,766 17,792 42,737 45, , ,597 91, , ,722 42, ,023,661 18,057 47,769 45, , ,701 85, , ,484 34, ,848 19,134 47,167 44, , ,347 69, ,404 79,285 24, ,924 20,720 52,836 48, , ,533 47,134 31, ,244 1 Excludes the Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories. 2 Fifteen years of age and over; employment status based on labour force concept. 3 Fourteen years of age and over; employment status based on labour force concept. 4 Fourteen years of age and over; employment status based on gainfully employed concept. 5 Ten years of age and over; employment based on gainfully employed concept. 6 Data not available. 7 Data for Alberta included with Saskatchewan; comprises the Northwest Territories, west of Manitoba. 8 Fifteen years of age and over; employment status based on gainfully employed concept. 9 Data not available for provinces.

15 Series M Monthly wages without board, 1 for male farm labour, Canada and by region and province, 1909 to 1974 (dollars) Year Canada 2 Maritime Prince Nova New Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskat- Alberta British provinces 3 Edward Scotia 4 Brunswick 4 chewan Columbia Island to 1974, cash wages without board at August 15; 1909 to 1939, cash wages and value of board in summer season. 2 Excludes Newfoundland. 3 Not available for the years 1909 to Not available for the years 1952 to 1974.

16 Series M Cash receipts from farming operations, 1 Canada and by province, 1926 to 1974 (thousands of dollars) Year Canada 2 Prince Nova New Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskat- Alberta British Edward Scotia Brunswick chewan Columbia Island ,836,528 84, , ,571 1,159,932 2,413, ,437 2,054,638 1,702, , ,828,421 71,923 95,659 95, ,289 1,970, ,297 1,466,242 1,199, , ,439,712 44,758 73,734 64, ,398 1,623, ,883 1,202, , , ,545,907 38,868 65,618 52, ,515 1,427, , , , , ,192,643 44,613 67,644 58, ,414 1,410, , , , , ,232,741 38,303 66,009 52, ,386 1,400, , , , , ,369,412 34,999 56,960 49, ,245 1,327, , , , , ,395,680 34,282 55,812 48, ,283 1,293, , , , , ,272,215 37,281 55,292 52, ,431 1,256, , , , , ,818,302 40,665 51,268 59, ,668 1,101, , , , , ,495,646 31,469 45,896 47, ,403 1,020, , , , , ,199,851 25,459 46,788 41, ,558 1,001, , , , , ,111,936 24,146 46,163 40, , , , , , , ,887,916 23,049 46,178 39, , , , , , , ,734,498 28,114 43,682 45, , , , , , , ,753,873 27,468 44,045 41, , , , , , , ,754,229 27,075 43,128 42, , , , , , , ,515,917 23,658 43,242 40, , , , , , , ,529,300 25,153 43,759 43, , , , , , , ,239,058 24,298 41,417 37, , , , , , , ,292,708 23,198 43,474 40, , , , , , , ,708,590 22,231 41,936 38, , , , , , , ,798,534 31,836 41,863 50, , , , , , , ,725,182 24,785 41,591 43, , , , , , , ,121,978 21,415 35,314 41, , , , , ,033 90, ,397,566 20,449 32,607 40, , , , , ,372 90, ,381,327 21,351 34,053 42, , , , , ,534 93, ,924,232 17,167 32,277 35, , , , , ,206 84, ,681,851 15,803 33,507 33, , , , , ,270 75, ,655,730 16,100 26,873 33, , , , , ,566 72, ,805,838 13,694 28,604 32, , , , , ,270 67, ,392,780 13,959 26,244 29, , , , , ,326 57, ,101,070 11,372 22,250 23, , , , , ,100 45, ,781 7,619 17,233 18, , ,503 81, , ,613 35, ,120 7,155 14,761 16, , ,774 62, , ,061 30, ,076 6,914 13,954 13,688 98, ,974 64, , ,438 30, ,658 5,636 18,361 12,188 91, ,156 64,273 92, ,470 29, ,456 6,401 18,196 13,445 88, ,912 74,596 85, ,053 28, ,282 6,684 15,578 12,562 80, ,532 47, ,546 95,401 25, ,583 5,236 15,357 11,007 71, ,897 36, ,047 99,276 23, ,234 4,877 13,411 9,569 67, ,922 43,217 95,708 97,014 22, ,643 4,113 12,810 7,966 57, ,901 32,253 79,028 71,340 19, ,045 3,619 10,365 7,416 58, ,472 28,861 79,675 70,912 18, ,913 5,248 12,873 9,957 74, ,004 31,220 72,873 72,832 21, ,925 8,482 16,445 13,599 91, ,471 47, ,986 96,759 30, ,765 10,231 15,288 14, , ,832 72, , ,740 33, ,064,246 9,666 16,394 14, , ,610 82, , ,262 33, ,399 10,028 15,124 14, , ,443 78, , ,191 28, ,194 9,645 13,940 16, , ,868 89, , ,889 26,606 1 Comprises cash receipts from the sale of farm products at the farm level (including subsidies, bonuses and premiums, and excluding interfarm transfers), participation payments on previous years grain crops, and net cash advances on farm-stored crops. 2 Excludes Newfoundland.