The Utrecht bridge: a 100% composite box beam design (and a few other bridges)

Transcription

1 The Utrecht bridge: a 100% composite box beam design (and a few other bridges) Aldert Verheus, CEO, Lightweight Structures B.V. Delft, Netherlands

2 Services of Lightweight Structures B.V. Structural engineering Vacuum infusion technology transfer

3 What we do in bridge market Design and engineering based on Eurocode 1: NEN-EN /NB RFS2-CT (Hivoss) document on vibrations and comfort classes of pedestrian bridge Proof of strength and stiffness using finite element analysis and mechanical testing Production of composite parts using vacuum infusion Installation of complete composite and hybrid bridges and bridge decks Technology transfer and joint-ventures

4 Lightweight Structures B.V. and the Utrecht bridge Amsterdam Delft office Utrecht bridge

5 Old Utrecht bridge Typical Dutch wooden bridge from the 70 s 100s-1,000s to be replaced in the Netherlands lxb: 12 x 5 m

6 Loads, deflection and eigenfrequency Dutch standard NEN 6706 (now: Eurocode) 5 kn/m 2 load (a crowd of people) 3 kn/m horizontal load on railing at 1 m height point load of 7 kn on 100 mm x 100 mm vehicle load of 65 kn on 4 wheels (250 mm x 250 mm wheelprint) Dutch standard NEN 6702: deflection of span A non-standard requirement for eigenfrequency: at least 4 Hz with half load (thus 2.5 kn/m 2 ) In fact the predominant loadcase

7 New Utrecht bridge engineering Voetgangers - en fietsbruggen Utrecht Brug Lotharingen Belastingen v olgens NEN 6706 en v raagspecificatie Opbouw brug MPa 1 N mm 2 kn 1000N Een gelijkmatig verdeelde belasting van 5 kn/m2 en een ontwerpvoertuig met aslasten van 32,5 kn zowel voor als achter met een wielbasis van 1.8 m. Belasting leuningen 3kN/m. De brug krijgt een vorm als hieronder geschetst. De zichtzijden (wit uitgevoerd) lopen eerst verticaal en lopen daarna schuin weg (zwart uitgevoerd). Hierdoor oogt de brug slanker. Er worden drie extra lijven over de lengte van de brug aangebracht voor een goede werking van het geheel. box beam design, assembled from: - 2 sides - 2 deck panels - 1 bottom shell - 3 girders De totale hoogte van de brug wordt 550 mm. De zichtzijde is 200 mm in deze berekening. E QI 18573MPa E MPa E MPa G QI 6986MPa E MPa GVK 1900 kg m 3 t coat 0.5mm kern 200 kg m 3 t slijt 5mm coat 1400 kg m 3 b overlap 100mm L 12m H 550mm B 1.6m 1/3 van de brugbreedte wordt doorgerekend t of 17.5mm t bf 17.5mm t lijf 10.5mm t dek 8.5mm h kern 51mm b bf 150mm x t of H t of t bf 2 t dek E 55 B t of E QI 2 H t of t bf 2 t dek t lijf t of 2 2 t bf E 55 2 b bf t bf H 2 t dek E 35 2 t dek 2 b bf H t dek 2 E 35 B 2 b bf t dek H t dek t E 35 B 2. b bf dek t dek H t dek h kern 2 2 E 55 B t of E QI 2 H t of t bf 2 t dek t lijf E 55 2 b bf t bf E 35 2 t dek 2 b bf E 35 B 2 b bf t dek E 35 B 2. b bf t dek x 0.263m

8 Vacuum infusion vacuum infusion of deck vacuum infusion mould for sides and girders (picture rotated 90º)

9 Bridge assembly weight: approx 6,000 kgs

10 Test plan: loading with Big Bags full load in 3 steps 1,25 m (4 x) 1,25 m (4 x) 0,9 m 1,7 m ,9 m 1,7 m ,7 m ,7 m ,7 m 1,7 m 12 m m 1,7 m ,7 m 3 1,7 m 1,7 m ,7 m 0,9 m 20 1,7 m 0,9 m measuring points 5 m 5 m asymmetrical load

11 Testing full load asymmetrical load measuring

12 Load-deflection curve full load load deflection

13 Point loads on the deck load load deflection curve kn point load deflection

14 Eigenfrequency (half load) Acc_Z Acc_Z measured value: 4.6 Hz

15 Last minute extra test! Utrecht municipality: no test, no pay! a distributed load of 230 kn with Big Bags which is 77 % of the max load of 5 kn/m 2 during 24 hours (!) result: extra deformation only 1 mm, i.e. 40% of allowable deformation (2.2 mm)

16 Installation

17 Utrecht bridge: 100% composite box beam design

18 Dantumadeel - 3 bridges pedestrian; 3 boxbeam designs; 9.5, 17 and 20 x 2 m

19 Rotterdam 5 bridges 5 box beam designs 3x pedestrian; 17 x 1.5 m 30 tonnes vehicles; 14.6 x 5.5 m 12 tonnes vehicles; 18.6 x 5.5 m

20 Delft bridge

21 Delft bridge Composite trough with sandwich deck Length 44 m, width 1.5 m Biggest span 13.3 m Weight composite parts 4,500 kg Steel supports and parapets Potential as railway footbridge!

22 Nederweert hybrid bridge Old situation: steel structure with concrete deck Required situation: bridge widened from 6 to 10 m Concrete deck replaced by composite to gain weight 120 kn axle load (bus)

23 Nederweert hybrid bridge 6 panels; 18 x 5 m deck height: 190 mm asphalt 120 ºC

24 Moscow bridge

25 Moscow bridge Pedestrian bridge with design by ApATeCh Co. (Russia) Composite load-bearing structure Length 23 m; span 15 m Composite sandwich deck (width 2.8 m) Composite parapets (height 1.1 m) Weight composite parts 4,500 kg

26 Point of contact in Russia Strategic partner of Lightweight Structures B.V: Scientific and production enterprise «ApATeCh» ltd , Russia, Moscow, Spartakovskaya st. 6 phone/fax +7 (499) , (499) , (499) Andrei Ushakov and Yuri Klenin apatech@apatech.ru

27 Спасибо!