1995 RUTGERS Turfgrass Proceedings

Transcription

1 1995 RUTGERS Turfgrass Proceedings Rutgers University THE NEW JERSEY TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION In Cooperation With RUTGERS COOPERATIVE EXTENSION NEW JERSEY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY NEW BRUNSWICK Distributed in cooperation with U.S. Department of Agriculture in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, Cooperative Extension work in agriculture, home economics, and 4-H. Zane R. Helsel, Director of Extension. Rutgers Cooperative Extension provides information and educational services to all people without regard to sex, race, color, national origin, disability or handicap, or age. Rutgers Cooperative Extension is an Equal Opportunity Employer.

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3 PERFORMANCE OF KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS CULTIVARS AND SELECTIONS IN NEW JERSEY TURF TRIALS James A. Murphy, Ronald F. Bara, William K. Dickson, Dirk A. Smith, and C. Reed Funk 1 Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is a hardy, persistent, and attractive grass that is used extensively for turf throughout the northern half of the United States. It is adapted to a wide range of soils and climates and has extensive rhizomes that provide excellent sod strength and survival. The discovery of 'Merion' by Joseph Valentine in the early 1930s greatly increased the usefulness of Kentucky bluegrass as a turf in regions with a humid, temperate climate. Prior to the release of 'Merion' in 1947, common Kentucky bluegrasses were the predominant type used for turf. However, under conditions of close mowing in humid environments, common-type bluegrasses can suffer extensive turf loss from the disease leaf spot and melting out. Kentucky bluegrass cultivars have been developed through a number of approaches. Many cultivars were single-plant selections of successful, highly apomictic plants found in old turfs. Other cultivars arose from a blend of plants (naturalized ecotypes) having varying degrees of apomixis. Some cultivars have been developed by blending the progenies of a number of highly apomictic single plants. Considerable effort has recently been directed toward developing highly apomictic cultivars through controlled hybridization of parents having varying degrees of apomixis. Kentucky bluegrass is considered to be the premier lawn grass in the United States and has been widely used on golf courses, athletic fields, home lawns, and in permanent pastures throughout the northeastern and northcentral regions. The establishment of turf from seed is relatively slow; as a result, Kentucky bluegrass turf is frequently established with sod. The aggressive rhizomes of Kentucky bluegrass spread rapidly and produce a dense, strongly knit sod that performs well in many lawn-type turfs. PROCEDURES Twelve trials were established between 1990 and 1994 at North Brunswick, Adelphia, or Pittstown, NJ. Tests were seeded in April (Table 1), September (Tables 2 to 8, 10 to 12), or October (Table 9). Two low maintenance tests were located at Pittstown (Tables 1 and 6), one at North Brunswick (Table 5), and one at Adelphia (Table 12). Medium-high maintenance tests were located at North Brunswick (Table 2) and Adelphia (Table 3 and 10). Four of the tests contained all the entries from the National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP), which is coordinated by the USDA in Beltsville, MD. Tables 2 and 3 include all the entries of the 1990 Medium-High Maintenance National Kentucky Bluegrass Trial, and Tables 5 and 6 include all entries of the 1990 Low Maintenance National Kentucky Bluegrass Trial coordinated by NTEP. The soils at the three research farms were moderately fertile and fairly well-drained. The trials at the Pittstown farm were established on a silt loam that retains moisture to a greater extent than the soils at the North Brunswick and Adelphia research farms. This difference in soil type, as 1 Assistant Extension Specialist in Turfgrass Management, Head Soils and Plants Technician, Turfgrass Research Farm Supervisor, Senior Laboratory Technician, and Research Professor, respectively, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Cook College, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ

4 well as other environmental factors, may have contributed to the decreased incidence and severity of problems related to moisture stress and diseases at the Pittstown research farm. Entries in each test were sown by hand using a maximum of 0.53 oz of seed per 3 x 5 ft plots (2.2 lb seed/1000 ft 2 ). An unplanted 6 inch border surrounded each plot. Each test was arranged in a randomized complete block design. The number of replications in a test was usually three, but two and four replications were also used. Annual nitrogen (N) fertility and mowing heights for each trial are presented in Table 13. The amount of N applied varied between tests to permit the evaluation of characteristics known to respond to N level. No single nitrogen application exceeded 1.0 lb/1000 ft 2. Mowing was frequent enough (two or three times per week during active growth) to avoid excessive defoliation and the accumulation of clippings. Reel mowers were used to maintain a 1.5 inch height of cut, whereas rotary mowers were employed to maintain higher cuts. After establishment, summer annual weeds were controlled by a spring application of DCPA or bensulide, and broadleaf weeds were controlled by an autumn application of 2,4-D and dicamba. No other pesticides were applied. Soil ph was normally maintained between 6.0 and 6.5 with agricultural limestone. Low maintenance tests (Tables 1, 5, 6, and 12) were normally irrigated after establishment. The other tests were generally irrigated to avoid severe drought stress. All tests were rated frequently throughout the growing season for turf quality (i.e., attractive color, leaf texture, adequate density, uniformity, and freedom from disease and insect damage). Other characteristics, including darkness of color, height of growth, seedling vigor, winter dormancy, winter color (green and purple), stripe smut disease, and recovery from summer stress, were evaluated separately on some tests when differences between entries existed. All ratings were based on a 1 to 9 scale, where 9 represented the most favorable turf quality or desirable turf characteristic. Ratings were scored by more than one person on many occasions to reduce individual preferences toward a particular trait. RESULTS Results are presented in Tables 1 through 12. Entries in each table are ranked according to their overall (multi-year) quality average. Many distinct types of Kentucky bluegrass have been released, and these turfs can be classified into groups based on growth and performance characteristics. The following descriptions of the various types of Kentucky bluegrass are based on observations of many Rutgers turfgrass evaluation trials. It should be noted that this classification system continues to be refined as more cultivars are developed and their distinct characteristics are expressed in research trials. This method of classification is used to present data in Tables 2 and 3. Aggressive Type. This group of cultivars is recognized for its aggressive lateral growth habit and the development of a turf with high shoot density. An aggressive, dense growth may be advantageous for highly trafficked turfs and can hasten the development of a mature sod. Aggressive cultivars can dominate other species or cultivars when used in blends or mixtures. If aggressive cultivars dominate a stand, this could lead to the rapid expression of the cultivar's strengths or weaknesses. The characteristics of spring green-up and disease susceptibility vary considerably among these cultivars. In 1995, these cultivars had good resistance to stripe smut

5 disease. Winter dormancy and color is variable within this group, and recovery from summer stresses ranged from poor to moderate. Bellevue Type. These cultivars form a turf with medium-low growth, medium-wide leaves, and medium shoot density. Excellent cool-season vigor exists in this group, which is evident by the excellent color retention and turf quality during the winter and early spring green-up. Bellevue types have moderate recuperative ability from summer stress and possess good resistance to leaf spot and current races of stripe smut disease. Reproductive stems can be obvious in these turfs during late spring. BVMG Type (Baron, Victa, Merit, Gnome Type). This widely used group of cultivars has high seed yield potential and can generally produce good quality turf. These cultivars have medium-low growth, medium-wide leaves, and produce a medium-density turf. Seed heads frequently detract from the appearance of these cultivars in late spring and early summer. Although the BVMG group has moderately good resistance to leaf spot disease, all entries evaluated in long term trials at Rutgers are susceptible to a new race of stripe smut disease. This group of cultivars generally has poor winter color and greater winter dormancy. Recovery from summer stress ranged from poor to moderate. CELA Type (Challenger, Eclipse, Liberty, Adelphi Type). These turf-type cultivars exhibit early spring green-up. This group has moderate to good stripe smut resistance, good resistance to leaf spot, and variable winter color and dormancy. Cheri Type. These cultivars possess growth and performance characteristics similar to the cultivar 'Cheri.' They will produce a turf of medium-low growth and medium density, with medium-wide leaves. These cultivars have moderate resistance to leaf spot and dollar spot disease and possess good resistance to the stripe smut disease. Seed yield potential of these cultivars is relatively high. Moderate winter dormancy is exhibited by these cultivars. Compact Type. Cultivars within this group are characterized by a low, compact growth habit and possess good to excellent resistance to leaf spot disease. Many cultivars can form a highly attractive turf after slow green-up in spring. Generally, these cultivars have a long winter dormancy, and a purple coloration can be observed on many cultivars during cold weather. Some cultivars, however, do exhibit better winter performance than others. Performance during summer heat and drought stress is variable, with some cultivars producing good turf quality. Poor to excellent recovery from summer stress was observed in the group. Entries in this group exhibited good resistance to stripe smut disease. America Type. Within the Compact Type, a number of cultivars exhibit similar growth and performance characteristics to the cultivar 'America.' These cultivars have moderate winter dormancy with some purpling. Moderate recovery from summer stress was observed within this group during They have shown good resistance to dollar spot, leaf spot, and stripe smut diseases. Julia Type. This group of cultivars is similar in appearance and performance to the cultivar 'Julia. These cultivars form a turf of medium to dark green color with medium texture, and exhibit medium to good winter color and spring green-up. These cultivars have good resistance to leaf spot disease, but show susceptibility to dollar spot disease. Julia type cultivars have shown good wear tolerance in European tests.

6 Mid-Atlantic Ecotype. This group of cultivars forms a vigorous turf of medium-high density with a deep, extensive rhizome system. In general, this group has moderate susceptibility to leaf spot disease; exceptions are 'Livingston,' 'SR 2000,' and 'Bel 21,' which have moderately good resistance. Their ability to recover from leaf spot damage and other stresses is excellent due to a deep and extensive system of rhizomes. Most of these cultivars have good tolerance of summer stress and exhibited good recovery after summer stress in This group has moderate to good winter performance, and generally shows an attractive appearance in early spring. Wabash Type. Within the Mid-Atlantic Ecotype are a number of selections that exhibit growth and performance characteristics similar to the cultivar 'Wabash.' They have a mediumgreen color, excellent heat tolerance, and above average resistance to billbugs. They are moderately susceptible to leaf spot, but show good recovery from this disease. Common Type (formerly Midwest Ecotypes). Common type Kentucky bluegrasses are characterized by an erect growth habit and narrow leaf blade. Common type should not be confused with the seed label term "variety-not-stated" or VNS; unfortunately, the term "common" is often used to inaccurately describe VNS seed. Common type Kentucky bluegrasses are typically used for conservation purposes, permanent pastures, and low maintenance utility turf. Many of these cultivars were selections of naturalized ecotypes found in old pastures of the midwestern United States. These cultivars produce seed early and economically, exhibit good stress tolerance, and often survive summer drought in a dormant condition. Common type cultivars are susceptible to leaf spot disease and may be extensively damaged by this disease during the cool, humid conditions of winter and spring. Poor turf quality and excessive purple coloration is typical of these cultivars during winter. These cultivars are best adapted to high cutting heights in regions with cool nights, bright sun, and low humidity. Common type cultivars seem particularly suited for low maintenance utility turf areas where soil stabilization and conservation are needed. They green up early in the spring and show an attractive bright spring color until leaf spot damage becomes excessive. Other Turf Types. This group of cultivars and selections possess characteristics intermediate between two or more of the previously discussed groups. Further study is needed to identify new types of cultivars or recognize the characteristics of a cultivar that are common to a known group. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station Publication No. E This work was conducted as part of NJAES Project No , supported by the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, State, and Hatch Act funds, Rutgers Center for Turfgrass Science, other grants, and gifts. Additional support was received from the United States Golf Association-Golf Course Superintendents Association of America Research Fund and the New Jersey Turfgrass Association.

7 Table 1. Performance of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections in a turf trial seeded in April 1990 at Pittstown, NJ. (Low Maintenance Test.) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 1 PST A Princeton Apex SR Limousine Adelphi Eclipse PST A HV Ram-I Midnight Aces Cheri H PST A H Preakness Freedom H Washington Cecelia Amazon Shamrock Blacksburg Suffolk Challenger Destiny Chateau Georgetown NuBlue

8 Table 1 (continued) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 31 PST H Nassau Liberty Lofts Mom Pp H Mystic Virginia Classic Dawn Glade Julia H Merit A Dellwood Fine Wabash Fylking Belturf Voyager Columbia Donna Nassau Baron H Huntsville S Kenblue LSD at 5% = = best turf quality

9 Table 2. Performance of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections in a turf trial seeded in September 1990 at North Brunswick, NJ. (Includes 1990 Medium-High Maintenance National Test #1 - NTEP.) Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. AGGRESSIVE TYPE 1 Princeton A Limousine Touchdown BELLEVUE TYPE 1 A Classic BAR VB H87-104Pat.Pk Trenton Dawn Banff Georgetown Suffolk Freedom

10 Table 2 (continued). Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. BELLEVUE TYPE (continued) 11 Haga PST-UD J J J PSU BVMG TYPE 1 Ba Fortuna PST-R Ba Abbey Viva Ba Ba Ba Kelly

11 Table 2 (continued). Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. BVMG TYPE (continued) 11 Marquis Merit Crest Baron R751A PST-A Gnome PST-A PST-B CELA TYPE 1 Eclipse Aspen Liberty Challenger Adelphi CHERI TYPE 1 Cobalt Cheri

12 Table 2 (continued). Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. COMPACT TURF TYPE 1 Midnight Blacksburg Indigo Able I Barsweet Platini Opal Alpine Conni PST-1DW Apex Amazon Nugget WW-Ag WW-Ag Trampas A Glade

13 Table 2 (continued). Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. AMERICA TYPE 1 Unique C America JULIA TYPE 1 Julia Caliber MID-ATLANTIC TYPE 1 SR Preakness BM-3PST A84-587Balt.City Bel Livingston H Monopoly A84-925Tenn658IC A84-837ForestHillsA Eagleton

14 Table 2 (continued). Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. WABASH TYPE 1 Wabash H Muddy Park COMMON TYPE (formerly Midwest Ecotype) 1 H86-811MC Alene Huntsville H86-783Roselawn S Kenblue South Dakota Cert Ronde Greenley Ginger OTHER TURF TYPES 1 Rita (PST-UD-10) A TrentonCC Barblue A A

15 Table 2 (continued). Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. OTHER TURF TYPES (continued) 6 Ascot Cardiff Shamrock A JuliaDer Barmax EVB BAR-VB NuStar A85-162Cascade A85-38Cascade A88-744A25xEOOP PST A85-32Cascade A85-156Cascade A85-262Cascade Silvia A84-803Tenn-2PST A88-744A A85-48Cascade

16 Table 2 (continued). Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. OTHER TURF TYPES (continued) 26 PST-C Destiny J H86-697A Bartitia Ba Nassau Estate Washington Coventry HV RamI Belmont Optigreen PR Allure J H87-429PST H Cynthia

17 Table 2 (continued). Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. OTHER TURF TYPES (continued) 46 4Aces H NE Barcelona NuBlue Minstrel SR Nutop Ampellia BARVB Fylking H Buckingham EVB Miranda Broadway Barzan Ba Melba Noblesse

18 Table 2 (continued). Summer Winter Winter Stripe Stress Turf Quality Dormancy 2 Color 3 Smut 4 Recovery Feb. Mar. May Sept. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. OTHER TURF TYPES (continued) 66 Paso Miracle PST-HV Donna KWSPp Chelsea LSD at 5% = = best turf quality 9 = least dormancy 9 = best winter color 9 = least stripe smut 9 = best recovery from summer stress

19 Table 3. Performance of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections in a turf trial seeded in September 1990 at Adelphia, NJ. (Includes Medium-High Maintenance Test #2 - NTEP.) Stripe Winter Turfgrass Quality Smut 2 Color May Mar. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. AGGRESSIVE TYPES 1 Princeton Limousine Touchdown A BELLEVUE TYPES 1 H Classic Trenton Georgetown Dawn Banff Freedom Haga BARVB Suffolk J J J PST-UD PSU BVMG TYPES 1 Abbey Fortuna Ba Baron Crest

20 Table 3 (continued). Stripe Winter Turfgrass Quality Smut 2 Color May Mar. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. BVMG TYPES (continued) 6 Ba Ba Marquis PST-A R751A Raven Kelly Viva PST-A Gnome Ba PST-R Merit BlueStar CELA TYPES 1 Eclipse Aspen Liberty Challenger Adelphi CHERI TYPE 1 Cobalt Cheri COMPACT TURF TYPE 1 Midnight Blacksburg Apex Indigo Able-I

21 Table 3 (continued). Stripe Winter Turfgrass Quality Smut 2 Color May Mar. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. COMPACT TURF TYPE (continued) 6 PST-1DW Alpine Eva Platini Barsweet WWAg Opal Amazon Conni Nugget Trampas Glade AMERICA TYPE 1 C America Unique JULIA TYPES 1 Julia Caliber MID-ATLANTIC ECOTYPE 1 SR Preakness A84-587Balt.City BM-3PST A84-837ForestHillsA

22 Table 3 (continued). Stripe Winter Turfgrass Quality Smut 2 Color May Mar. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. MID-ATLANTIC ECOTYPE (continued) 6 Bel H86-788J&J Monopoly Eagleton Livingston H Wabash COMMON TYPE (formerly Midwest Ecotype) 1 H86-811MC Huntsville H86-783Roselawn Ronde S Greenley Kenblue SouthDakotaCert Ginger OTHER TURF TYPES 1 Cardiff EVB A JuliaOP Ascot Rita H86-920PlexBTE A PST PST-A H

23 Table 3 (continued). Stripe Winter Turfgrass Quality Smut 2 Color May Mar. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. OTHER TURF TYPES (continued) 11 Bartitia A PST Aaron NuStar Barcelona A83-886PST Washington Shamrock A85-38Cascade NuBlue PST-A J H87-429PST H Buckingham Belmont PennPro Fylking BARVB A85-32Cascade Estate H A A20xTD Coventry Ram I PST-A Broadway Optigreen

24 Table 3 (continued). Stripe Winter Turfgrass Quality Smut 2 Color May Mar. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. OTHER TURF TYPES (continued) 41 Nassau Barblue H Ba Silvia HV Cynthia Destiny Minstrel Allure Ba Nutop Aces Miranda J Paso Ceasar Barmax PST-C SR NE Noblesse A85-48Cascade HV Ampellia Barzan Melba HV Miracle Donna

25 Table 3 (continued). Stripe Winter Turfgrass Quality Smut 2 Color May Mar. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. OTHER TURF TYPES (continued) 71 Ba Chelsea LSD at 5% = = best turf quality 9 = least stripe smut 9 = best winter color

26 Table 4. Performance of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections in a turf trial seeded in September 1990 at Adelphia, NJ. (Test #2.) Stripe Winter Turfgrass Quality Smut 2 Color May Mar. Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 1 A A25xBG A A20xBG H Julia OP H Eagleton Mystic A Delwood Fine Barkoel H Alene Pomeroy Gemar Garfield LSD at 5% = = best turf quality 9 = least stripe smut 9 = best winter color

27 Table 5. Performance of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections in a turf trial seeded in September 1990 at North Brunswick, NJ. (Includes 1990 Low Maintenance National Test #1 - NTEP.) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 1 Midnight PST EVB PST A PST A A A Julia der H Cobalt H PST Barmax Eclipse PST A Barsweet Belmont Ram A Forest Hills PST A Bar VB PST A SR ISI Destiny Livingston Liberty A Balt. City A Kansas City IC H Pat.Pk Barcelona

28 Table 5 (continued) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 31 PST Unique PST R PST R PST ISD Crest America Shamrock PST PST-C Bartitia A Cal Amazon Sophia A PST-YQ Freedom Gen-RSP NJIC PST BM A Cascade BA A85-32 Cascade Merion A Cascade PST H H Tenn 658 IC Baron A85-38 Cascade H H Cynthia Wabash PST-C

29 Table 5 (continued) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 66 NE Voyager Bar VB NuStar Kyosti A Cascade Merit Nassau Princeton Suffolk H Georgetown Caliber Bronco Julia Unknown Dawn Opal Haga Washington EVB Fortuna NuBlue Ikone Monopoly Limousine Barzan Banjo PST A Bar VB ZPS Apex Gnome Glade Miracle

30 Table 5 (continued) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 101 Chelsa KWS Pp PST-A Park Alene BA MN Kenblue So. Dakota Cert LSD at 5% = = best turf quality

31 Table 6. Performance of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections in a turf trial seeded in September 1990 at Pittstown, NJ. (Includes 1990 Low Maintenance National Test #2 - NTEP.) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 1 Apex H Ram-I C PST HRW Limousine H P1exBTE Eclipse H KB OP H Rt.70xJulia H Bent Unique A CP NYC A Julia der A Julia der A Unknown PST A A HF Princeton Sophia Washington PST A America Merit PST A Gnome BA A B.Vista Crest

32 Table 6 (continued) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 31 PST R Belmont Cobalt Livingston Bar VB Fortuna Bartitia Midnight A Baron PST A Barmax Barcelona SR Opal EVB A85-38 Cascade A Valsburg Park Cynthia Nassau Julia Caliber Fylking Shamrock J A Forest Hills Bar VB Cheri ZPS Monopoly Chelsea H MC Glade A Balt. City

33 Table 6 (continued) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 66 H Roselawn A Barsweet Georgetown PST-YQ NE A Kansas City IC Ikone Adelphi Miracle Bronco H Liberty NuBlue PST A B.Vista Destiny H Barzan Dawn PST-C H RSP Amazon PST-C A Tenn 685 IC EVB Voyager Bar VB NuStar A Cal H MC H Tenn 658 IC PST H Kyosti H RSP

34 Table 6 (continued) Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 101 HV PST Paso ISI Gen-RSP PST A Haga PST Suffolk Freedom H Pat.Pk NJIC Park S Nugget Wabash Bel PST BM Nutop Alene Banjo Merion BA Alene PST-A So. Dakota Cert Kenblue MN LSD at 5% = = best turf quality

35 Table 7. Performance of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections in a turf trial seeded in September 1991 at Adelphia, NJ Turf Quality Cultivar or Selection Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. 1 Midnight A America A83-70 A25xSyds P A SR A J Blacksburg Princeton Eclipse SRX A Wildwood H NuBlue Fylking Nustar A Alpine Unique Opal A A20xTD Ikone Limousine A Nassau PST-A