Drill Collars. Drill collars from VAM Drilling are available with the following features:

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Nigel Ford
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73 Drill Collars Drill collars are thick-walled tubular pieces machined from solid steel bars, forming a component of the bottom hole assembly that provides weight-onbit for improved drilling

1 73 Drill Collars Drill collars are thick-walled tubular pieces machined from solid steel bars, forming a component of the bottom hole assembly that provides weight-onbit for improved drilling performance. VAM Drilling has been making drill collars for more than 50 years and was the first company to make small diameter pierced drill collars from solid bar. Bars are trepanned on equipment specially designed by VAM Drilling. Today, VAM Drilling provides a full range of slick and spiral drill collars in AISI 4145H-modified steel, ERS 425 Sour Service steel and non-magnetic alloys. Drill collars from VAM Drilling are available with the following features: ODs from 2-7/8 to 14 ; Mechanical properties guaranteed to 1 below the steel s surface at ambient temperature; Enhanced fatigue resistance (threads cold rolled, pin-relief groove and box bore back for API standard connections); Phosphate-coated threads to prevent galling; and Hardbanding is available upon request.

Spiral Drill Collars Spiral Design (3 spirals) 6-3/4 and less 7 to 8-1/2 8-3/4 and larger SPIRAL DRILL COLLAR TYPICAL SIZE OD (in) Spiral Depth (in) Tolerance Spiral Lead (in) Tolerance 2-7/8 N/A N/A

2 Spiral Drill Collars Spiral Design (3 spirals) 6-3/4 and less 7 to 8-1/2 8-3/4 and larger SPIRAL DRILL COLLAR TYPICAL SIZE OD (in) Spiral Depth (in) Tolerance Spiral Lead (in) Tolerance 2-7/8 N/A N/A N/A N/A 3-1/8 3/19 (+/ 1/16 ) 36 (+/ 2 ) 3-3/8 3/19 (+/ 1/16 ) 36 (+/ 2 ) 3-1/4 3/19 (+/ 1/16 ) 36 (+/ 2 ) 3-1/2 3/19 (+/ 1/16 ) 36 (+/ 2 ) 4-1/8 17/90 (+/ 1/16 ) 36 (+/ 2 ) 4-1/4 17/90 (+/ 1/16 ) 36 (+/ 2 ) 4-1/2 15/68 (+/ 1/16 ) 38 (+/ 2 ) 4-3/4 15/68 (+/ 1/16 ) 38 (+/ 2 ) 5 15/68 (+/ 1/16 ) 38 (+/ 2 ) 5-1/4 1/4 (+/ 1/16 ) 42 (+/ 2 ) 5-1/2 1/4 (+/ 1/16 ) 42 (+/ 2 ) 5-7/8 1/4 (+/ 1/16 ) 42 (+/ 2 ) 6 26/93 (+/ 1/16 ) 42 (+/ 2 ) 6-1/4 26/93 (+/ 1/16 ) 42 (+/ 2 ) 6-1/2 14/45 (+/ 1/16 ) 46 (+/ 2 ) 6-5/8 14/45 (+/ 1/16 ) 46 (+/ 2 ) 7 13/55 (+/ 1/16 ) 46 (+/ 2 ) 7-1/4 13/55 (+/ 1/16 ) 64 (+/ 2 ) 7-1/2 13/55 (+/ 1/16 ) 64 (+/ 2 ) 7-3/4 11/43 (+/ 1/16 ) 64 (+/ 2 ) 8 11/43 (+/ 1/16 ) 68 (+/ 2 ) 8-1/4 8/29 (+/ 1/16 ) 68 (+/ 2 ) 8-1/2 8/29 (+/ 1/16 ) 68 (+/ 2 ) 8-3/4 3/8 (+/ 1/16 ) 68 (+/ 2 ) 9 15/37 (+/ 1/16 ) 72 (+/ 2 ) 9-1/4 15/37 (+/ 1/16 ) 72 (+/ 2 ) 9-1/2 15/37 (+/ 1/16 ) 72 (+/ 2 ) 9-3/4 15/37 (+/ 1/16 ) 72 (+/ 2 ) 10 7/16 (+/ 1/16 ) 76 (+/ 2 ) 11 15/32 (+/ 1/16 ) 80 (+/ 2 ) 11-1/4 15/32 (+/ 1/16 ) 80 (+/ 2 ) In order to reduce differential pressure sticking, the surface of drill collars can be spiral-grooved. VAM Drilling spiral drill collars are the perfect solution for deep, directional or deviated drilling. Cross sections of the drill collars reduce the contact area with the wall of the hole. The grooving consists of three righthand spirals, machined on VAM Drilling s unique triple-headed milling machines. Stress relief features improve the bending strength of pin and box API connections and, therefore, durability. Bore back on box and stress relief grooves on pin are defined by API. VAM Drilling spiral drill collars reduce wall contact area and eliminate differential sticking.

3 75 Slip and Elevator Recesses VAM Drilling offers optional slip and elevator recesses to improve handling efficiency and safety. Slip and elevator recesses are machined in accordance with the standards API RP7G and ISO 10407:1993. The upper radius of the elevator recess is cold rolled to increase product life. Slip and elevator recesses can be used together or separately. Special drill pipe elevator designs can be supplied for automated handling operations to decrease non-productive time. VAM Drilling slip and elevator recesses improve downhole handling efficiency and safety. Drill Collar OD Elevator Recess OD Depth Radius Slip Recess Approx OD Depth Angle R Radius 1 Radius Drill Collar OD Box End Elevator Recess Slip Recess (in) (in) (in) (in) ( ) (in) (in) ( ) 4-1/8 3-11/16 7/32 1/ /4 3/ /4 3-13/16 7/32 1/ /8 3/ /4 4-1/4 1/4 1/ /8 3/ /8 4-3/8 1/4 1/ /2 3/ /2 1/4 1/ /8 3/ /4 4-3/4 1/4 1/ /8 3/ /4 5-1/8 5/16 1/ /4 1/ /8 5/16 1/ /2 1/ /4 5-5/8 5/16 1/ /4 1/ /2 5-7/8 5/16 1/ / /4 6 3/8 3/ /4 1/ /4 3/8 3/ /2 1/ /4 3/8 3/ /2 1/ /4 7-1/2 3/8 3/ /4 1/ /2 7-3/4 3/8 3/ / /8 7/16 1/ /2 1/ /2 8-5/8 7/16 1/ / /8 7/16 1/ /2 1/ /8 7/16 1/ /2 1/ /4 10-3/8 7/16 1/ /4 1/4 5

4 Drill Collar Manufacturing Flow Chart Heat Treatment Ultrasonic Inspection Straightening Boring Shipping Finishing and Final Inspection Phos Coating

5 77 Drill collars are manufactured to customer requirements and, where applicable, to specifications such as API, ISO, NS1, DS1, etc. and are inspected 100% after completion. Spiraling (optional) Hardbanding (optional) Threading Cold Rolling Inspection Recess Machining (optional)

6 Materials VAM Drilling drill collars for standard use are made of AISI 4145H chromium molybdenum alloy steel. The concentration of residual elements, such as sulphur and phosphorus, is reduced during the steel-making process, producing homogeneous steel with excellent physical properties. VAM Drilling can supply drill collars for use on sour gas wells where resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, caused by the presence of H 2 S, is expected. VAM Drilling s ERS 425 Sour Service grade material has been developed to provide bottom-hole assembly (BHA) products with improved impact strength (KCV), fracture toughness (K1c) and resistance to sulfide stress cracking (SSC) in wells with a Sour Service environment. The mechanical properties of ERS 425 meet or exceed the requirements of API Specification 7.1 and ISO 10424:2004. In NACE tests TM 0177, the resistance of ERS 425 to SSC significantly surpasses the resistance of standard 4145H-modified steel. ERS 425 drill collars have provided superior performance in Sour Service applications around the world. In addition, VAM Drilling supplies special non-magnetic (Amagnit 501) drill collars for extreme service or directional drilling applications. Drill Collar Material Table Yield Ultimate Hardness Reduction Min Application Material Size Strength Strength (Brinell) Elongation of Area Charpy Min (ksi) Min (ksi) (HB) (%) (%) +20 C) Standard AISI 4145H Up to 6-7/8" Service Mod Bar Above 6-7/8" to Above 7" Sour Service ERS 425 (up to 8-1/2") to Non-Magnetic Amagnit 501 Up to 7" Above 7" min

79 Hardbanding For more information on hardbanding types please see page 106.

and elevator recesses and is applied in a 4 long wear pad above the elevator recess, a 1 long wear pad above the slip

1" 1" 4" 1" 1" For drill collars with a slip recess only, type C hardbanding is applied to a 10 long wear pad under the

7 79 Hardbanding For more information on hardbanding types please see page 106. Hardbanding (flush or raised) Type A Type B Type C 4" 1" 10" Type B hardbanding is recommended on drill collars with slip and elevator recesses and is applied in a 4 long wear pad above the elevator recess, a 1 long wear pad above the slip recess and a 10 long wear pad under the slip recess. 30" min. 1" 1" 4" 1" 1" For drill collars with a slip recess only, type C hardbanding is applied to a 10 long wear pad under the slip recess and a 4 long wear pad above the slip recess. 10" 10" For drill collars without any recess, type A hardbanding is applied in a 10 long wear pad located 30 from the end of the pin. b 3/32" +1/32" 0" +1/16" b 0" 3/32" Flush Raised

8 Drill Collar Data Pipe Body OD ID Connection Bevel Overall Recommended Diameter Length Make-Up Torque* (in) (in) (in) (ft) (ft-lbs) 2-7/8 1-1/2 2-3/8 PAC 2-45/ , / /8 REG , /8 1-1/8 2-3/8 REG , /8 1-1/4 NC , /8 1-1/4 2-3/8 REG , /8 1-1/2 NC / , /2 1-1/2 NC / , /4 1-1/2 NC / , /8 2 NC / , /4 1-3/4 NC / , /4 2 NC / , /4 1-3/4 NC / , /4 2 NC / , /4 2 NC / , /4 2-1/4 NC / , /4 2-1/4 NC / , /4 2-1/2 NC / , /8 2-1/4 NC / , /4 NC / , /4 2-1/4 NC / , /4 2-1/4 NC46 5-5/ , /4 2-1/4 NC / , /4 NC / , /16 NC / , /4 2-1/4 4-1/2 H , /4 2-1/4 NC / , /4 2-1/2 NC / , /4 2-3/4 NC / , /4 2-13/16 NC / , /4 2-13/16 NC / , /4 3 NC / , /2 2-1/4 NC46 6-3/ , /2 2-1/4 4-1/2 H , /2 2-1/4 NC50 6-7/ , /2 2-1/2 NC46 6-3/ , /2 2-13/16 NC46 6-3/ , /2 2-13/16 NC50 6-7/ , /2 2-7/8 NC50 6-7/ , / /2 H , /4 2-1/4 NC / , /4 2-1/2 NC / , /4 2-1/2 NC46 6-9/ , /4 2-13/16 NC / , /4 2-7/8 NC / , /4 3 NC / ,000 *PerformancescalculatedforproductsmanufacturedasperAPI.

9 2-7/8 6-3/4 81 Pipe Body Slick Spiraled Torsional Bending Total Weight/Foot Sl Total Weight/Foot Sp OD Strength* Strength Ratio Weight Sl Weight Sp (ft-lbs) (lbs) (lbs/ft) (lbs) (lbs/ft) (in) 3, N/A N/A 2-7/8 5, /8 5, /8 5, /8 5, /8 6, /8 8, /2 8, /4 12, , , /8 14, , , /4 12, , , /4 17, , , /4 19, , , /4 17, , , /4 17, , , /4 16, , , /4 17, , , /4 21, , , /8 22, , , , , , /4 31, , , /4 30, , , /4 41, , , , , , , , , /4 49, , , /4 45, , , /4 40, , , /4 39, , , /4 40, , , /4 35, , , /4 49, , , /2 56, , , /2 52, , , /2 45, , , /2 39, , , /2 52, , , /2 52, , , /2 41, , , /2 64, , , /4 63, , , /4 45, , , /4 56, , , /4 55, , , /4 52, , , /4

10 Drill Collar Data Pipe Body OD ID Connection Bevel Overall Recommended Diameter Length Make-Up Torque* (in) (in) (in) (ft) (ft-lbs) 7 2-1/4 NC / , /2 NC / , /16 NC / , /16 5-1/2 H / , /16 5-1/2 FH 6-23/ , /4 6-5/8 REG 7-33/ , /2 6-5/8 REG 7-33/ , /16 6-5/8 REG 7-33/ , /16 NC / , /8 REG 7-33/ , /8 H / , /4 6-5/8 REG 7-33/ , /8 6-5/8 REG 7-33/ , /4 2-13/16 6-5/8 REG 7-45/ , / /8 REG 7-45/ , /4 3-3/16 6-5/8 REG 7-45/ , /4 3-1/4 6-5/8 REG 7-45/ , /2 2-13/16 6-5/8 REG 7-45/ , /2 2-13/16 NC , / /8 REG 7-45/ , /2 3-1/4 6-5/8 REG 7-45/ , /16 7-5/8 REG 8-7/ , /16 6-5/8 FH 8-29/ , /8 REG 8-7/ , /8 FH 8-29/ , /2 6-5/8 FH 8-29/ , /2 2-3/4 7-5/8 REG 8-13/ , /2 2-13/16 7-5/8 REG 8-13/ , / /8 REG 8-13/ , /2 3 NC / , /2 3-1/16 7-5/8 REG 8-13/ , /2 3-1/2 7-5/8 REG 8-13/ , / /8 REG LT 9-1/ , /8 REG 9-33/ , /8 REG LT 9-1/ , /8 REG LT 10-1/ ,000 *PerformancescalculatedforproductsmanufacturedasperAPI.

11 Pipe Body Slick Spiraled Torsional Bending Total Weight/Foot Sl Total Weight/Foot Sp OD Strength* Strength Ratio Weight Sl Weight Sp (ft-lbs) (lbs) (lbs/ft) (lbs) (lbs/ft) (in) 61, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , /4 81, , , /4 76, , , /4 75, , , /4 85, , , /2 109, , , /2 81, , , /2 75, , , /2 135, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , /2 147, , , /2 142, , , /2 164, , , /2 140, , , /2 127, , , /2 147, , , /4 175, , , , , , , , ,

Drill Collar Performance Datasheet Overview The Drill Collar Performance Datasheet is an easy-to-use document summarizing the performances and other technical characteristics of drill collars

12 Drill Collar Performance Datasheet Overview The Drill Collar Performance Datasheet is an easy-to-use document summarizing the performances and other technical characteristics of drill collars manufactured by VAM Drilling. This document provides key performance characteristics such as tensile strength, torsional strength, and make-up torque range, as well as other productspecific performance data. An overview of some additional information available in the Drill Collar Performance Datasheet is shown below. Useful datasheet definition: Bending strength ratio: This bending criteria is defined in the API spec RP7G as an inertia ratio between pin and box connection. Arotaryshoulderedconnection that has a BSR of 2.5 (or 2.5:1) is generally accepted as an average balanced connection.

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14 Product Description Drill Collar Inquiry Form GENERAL PIPE ITEM Quantity (joints) Nominal OD inches ID inches Overall length feet Hardbanding type Hardbanding application Hardbanding inches Hardbanding location Slip recess Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Elevator recess Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Steel material Non mag 4145 Non mag 4145 Non mag 4145 Non mag 4145 Collar type Slick Spiral Slick Spiral Slick Spiral Slick Spiral Connection Relief groove pin Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Bore back box Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Fish neck Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Fish neck OD inches Fish neck length inches Make-and-Break Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Thread protector type (pressed steel, cast steel) Applicable specification (API, DS1, NS1, etc.) Packing Comments

Standard DS-1 Fourth Edition, Volume 4 - ADDENDUM 1 Applies to First Printing only

Standard DS-1 Fourth Edition, Volume 4 - ADDENDUM 1 Applies to First Printing only Page 72 7.5.2.4 7.5.2.4 MPI Body Inspection Coverage. When the outside surface of the tool from shoulder to shoulder. Pay special attention to areas around load adjustment ports and external oil plug holes