EMR AND INVERSION-BASED CONTROL OF A SERIES HYBRID ELECTRIC EXCURSION SHIP

Transcription

1 EMR 17 University Lille 1 June 2017 Summer School EMR 17 Energetic Macroscopic Representation EMR AND INVERSION-BASED CONTROL OF A SERIES HYBRID ELECTRIC EXCURSION SHIP Dr. Walter LHOMME 1, Prof. João P. TROVÃO 2 1 L2EP, University of Lille 1, France 2 University of Sherbrooke, Canada

2 - Shipping CO2 emissions - 2 Shipping CO2 emissions: 870 million tons in 2007 (worldmaritimenews.com/) Increase predicted: % by 2050 in the absence of regulations Needs of efficient ships on green oceans Work started at International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1980 s United Nations specialized agency (170 member states) with responsibility for the safety and security of shipping and the prevention of marine pollution by ships In July 2010, an Energy Efficiency plan was defined to reduce significantly the emissions

3 - IMO & Energy Efficient Plan - 3 Business as usual Mandatory for new ships Mandatory for all ships (energyefficientshipping.wordpress.com/) New emission level 2020: 10-17% 2030: 18-26% 2050: 35-41% Target for emission reduction Design (new ships): concept, speed & capability: 2 to 50% power & propulsion systems: 5 to 15% Operation (all ships): fleet management, logistics & incentives: 5 to 50% energy management: 1 to 10%

4 - Examples of Green Ships - 4 Nemo H2 Amsterdam ( ASD Tug 2810 Hybrid (products.damen.com/) The Ar Vag Tredan ( Amsterdam, NL First boat using fuel cell PEMFC of 70kW Lead-acid battery of 50kW 2011 Port of Rotterdam, NL First European hybrid tug Series/parallel hybrid architecture A tugboat pushes vessels that should not move by themselves 2013 Lorient, FR First boat using only supercap. (140 kw) Zero emissions Cruise at 10 knots for 2 x 7min (return) SC are charged in 4 min

5 - Outline Studied Diesel-electric Ship 2. Enhancement with a Series Hybrid Architecture 3. Conclusion & Future Work

6 EMR 17 University Lille 1 June 2017 Summer School EMR 17 Energetic Macroscopic Representation 1. Studied Diesel-Electric Ship

7 Excursion Ship in Alster Lake, Hamburg, Germany - Studied Diesel-electric Excursion Ship - Outer Alster Lake Max. length: 2.8 km / Max. width: 1 km 7 (en.wikipedia.org/)

8 Casting off: take the boat of its quasi-immobility to its cruising speed EMR and Control of a Series Hybrid Electric Excursion Ship - Electric Power Demand of the Studied Excursion Ship - p dem (kw) Cruising speed: nearly constant power at constant speed t (s) Docking: fastest dynamics with several variations Portion of a classic tour in Outer Alster Lake 8 Standby: pick up and drop passengers Standby: pick up and drop passengers

9 J s dω SM t dt - EMR and IBC of the Studied Excursion Ship - + f s Ω SM t = T ICE t T SM t i SM t = T SM(t)Ω SM (t) v DC (t)η β SM (t) C DC dv DC (t) dt = i SM (t) i DC (t) 9 p dem (kw) i DC t = P dem (t) v DC (t) t (s)

10 T ICE (Nm) ICE (rad/s) - Results of the Studied Excursion Ship - t (s) T ICE (Nm) 10 BSFC Brake Specific Fuel Consumption Engine of 200 Hp i DC (A) N ICE (rpm) FC 100 BSFC (%) TICE E ICE d BSFC 1000 v DC (V) FC for Fuel Consumption in g/s BSFC in g/kwh E d for Energy density of fuel in kwh/kg Diesel = 11.7 kwh/kg Gasoline = 11.9 kwh/kg

11 EMR 17 University Lille 1 June 2017 Summer School EMR 17 Energetic Macroscopic Representation 2. Enhancement with a Series Hybrid Architecture

12 - Design of the Series Hybrid Electric Excursion Ship - 12 p dem (kw) P SCs t = P dem t 1 T T P dem t dt 0 P ge (t) t (s) p SCs (kw) P ge (t) = 40.8 kw 14 modules of 54V / 130F (540 Wh) 2 branches of 7 modules in series t (s)

13 - EMR and IBC of the Series Hybrid Electric Excursion Ship - 13 v DC (t) i t t = i ch_scs t + i SM t

14 W ICE (rad/s) EMR and Control of a Series Hybrid Electric Excursion Ship - Results of the Series Hybrid Excursion Ship - T ICE (Nm) 14 v DC (V) Engine of 200 Hp v SCs (V) t (s) Operating point P ge (t) = 40.8 kw T ICE (Nm) N ICE (rpm) Downsizing i SCs (A) Engine of 90 Hp N ICE (rpm)

15 - Comparative and Results Analysis ,9 2,8 2,7 2,6 2,5 Consumption (liters) (no reduction) 2.64 Diesel-electric Hybrid (200 Hp) Hybrid (90 Hp) 10% T ICE (Nm) T ICE (Nm) T ICE (Nm) N ICE (rpm) N ICE (rpm) N ICE (rpm)

16 EMR 17 University Lille 1 June 2017 Summer School EMR 17 Energetic Macroscopic Representation Conclusion and Future Work

17 - Conclusion - 17 Possible enhancement of a diesel-electric excursion ship using EMR Series hybrid configuration using SCs without regenerative braking energy Reduction of the fuel consumption by 10% with a downsized ICE (90 Hp vs. 200 Hp) and 14 modules of SCs (223 liters / 217 kg) Design (new ships): power & propulsion systems: 5 to 15% Perspectives Major gains could be obtained with an optimal sizing Ecologically sensitive area: Zero-Emission Casting-off and Docking maneuvers

18 EMR 17 University Lille 1 June 2017 Summer School EMR 17 Energetic Macroscopic Representation Biographies and References

19 - Authors - 19 Dr. Walter LHOMME University Lille 1, L2EP, MEGEVH, France PhD in Electrical Engineering at University of Lille1 (2007) Research topics: EMR, HIL simulation, EVs and HEVs, Energy Storage Subsystem, Traction subsystems, Prof. João P. Trovão Université de Sherbrooke, e-tesc Lab., Qc, Canada PhD in Electrical Engineering at University of Coimbra (2012) Research topics: Electric Vehicles, Multiple Energy Storage, Energy Management

20 - References - 20 [Lhomme 17] W. Lhomme, J. P. Trovão, Diesel-electric excursion ships enhancement using energetic macroscopic representation, 12th International Conference on Modeling and Simulation of Electric Machines, Converters and Systems, ELECTRIMACS 2017, Toulouse, France, July 2017 [Bennabi 16] N. Bennabi, J. F. Charpentier, H. Menana, J. Y. Billard, P. Genet, Hybrid Propulsion Systems for Small Ships: Context and Challenges, XXII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM 2016), Lausanne, Switzerland, September 2016 [Trovão 16] J. P. Trovão, F. Machado, P. G. Pereirinha, Hybrid electric excursion ships power supply system based on a multiple energy storage system, IET Electrical Systems in Transportation, vol. 6, no. 3, pp , September [Trovão 14] J. P. Trovão, A. Bouscayrol, F. Machado, W. Lhomme, Hierarchical Management Structure of a Battery Supercapacitor System for EV Using Energetic Macroscopic Representation, 11th International Conference on Modeling and Simulation of Electric Machines, Converters and Systems, ELECTRIMACS 2014, Valencia, Spain, May 19-22, [Mayet 14] C. Mayet, J. Pouget, A. Bouscayrol and W. Lhomme, "Influence of an Energy Storage System on the Energy Consumption of a Diesel-Electric Locomotive," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 63, no. 3, pp , March [Vagslid 12] E. S. Vagslid, Adoption of mandatory Energy Efficiency measures for ships, Visit to IMO by Norwegian Shipping Forum, London, October 2012