Potentiale von Großbatterien zur Sicherstellung der Netzstabilität im Kontext der Energiewende

Transcription

1 Potentiale von Großbatterien zur Sicherstellung der Netzstabilität im Kontext der Energiewende Tim Müller, CTO Eco-friendly Innovative Reliable

2 BELECTRIC: International We are located in 15 countries worldwide providing different levels of execution on a global basis BELECTRIC s countries of activity 2

3 Challenges of Energiewende : Transformation from synchronous generators to inverter-based generation Turbogenerating set of steam turbine (yellow) with synchronous generator (red) Source: Siemens Central inverter Source: GE Power Conversion 3

4 The Problem: Increase of volatility Frequency behaviour after a 1000MW generation loss: Source: NationalGrid, System Operability Framework 4

5 The Problem: Increase of volatility Rate of Change of Frequency development and consequencies: Source: NationalGrid, System Needs and Product strategy 5

6 Grid frequency response after failure of power plants [s] t Breakdown of a 1200 MW unit [Hz] 49,8 49,6 UCPTE Breakdown of 2500 MW 49,4 49,2 49,0 BEWAG Breakdown of 146 MW f 6

7 Frequency: ENTSO-E vs. UK 7

8 Frequency response with Batteries PRR Current control Grid supporting (P-control) Application: PRR 8

9 P [%] Regulating reserve Primary Regulation Reserve (PRR) 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0-0, t [min] Deliver Time / Scheduling Primary regulating reserve Secondary regulating reserve Weekly Weekly Daily Payment /allowance Power price Power- and Working price Tertiary regulating reserve Power- and Working price Detection Positive and negative Positive and/or negative Positive and/or negative Activation speed < 30 s < 5 min < 15 min Products 1 Products 2 Products (HT&NT) 6 Products (a 4 hours) PRL SRL MRL Technical need Automated (on grid frequency) Automated, external signal/start Automated, external signal/start 9

10 Battery Energy Storage in Steglitz Energie-Museum Berlin 10

11 The Problem: Increase of volatility Frequency behaviour after a 1000MW generation loss, but after having contracted 500MW of fast active power response (300ms): Source: NationalGrid, System Operability Framework 11

12 How to improve it: The UK Approach Without batteries there would be an increase of network operation cost by Mio. / annum in 2020! - Distributed events distributed response - Combined (Hybrid) response from different providers, i.e. Solar and Batteries Source: Alstom / Psymetrix - Use batteries to its fullest: speed, ramp rate, local deployability 12

13 Frequency Response with Batteries RoCoF Current control Grid supporting (P-control) Grid supporting (PD-control) Application: PRR Application: EFCC 13

14 Smarter Frequency Control (EFCC) - 6.9m budget through Ofgem s Network Innovation Competition (NIC) - BELECTRIC was chosen to test batteries and PV power plants potential of to provide rapid and distributed frequency response to networks of low inertia 14

15 Network Oscillations EFCC In addition to an increasing frequency volatility, phase angle differences between different parts of the country appear as well: - Distributed events distributed response - Combined (Hybrid) response from different providers, i.e. Solar and Batteries Source: Alstom / Psymetrix - Use batteries to its fullest: speed, ramp rate, local deployability 15

16 Ancillary Services with Batteries Virtual inertia Current control Voltage control Grid support (P-control) Grid support (PD-control) Grid sustaining Application: PRR Application: EFCC Application: Virtual inertia 16

17 Synchronous machine vs. battery Category Synchronous Machine Battery storage Grid building Intrinsic Electronic Resonance frequencies and synchronization fault Distributed response Inertia Is an issue Mostly centralized units Intrinsic Wikipedia Not an issue due to lack of mechanical inertia Distributed units possible Electronically simulated Over current capability Very high Usually 20-30% Response from idle state No Yes 17

18 Synchronous machine vs. battery Category Synchronous Machine Battery storage Grid building Intrinsic Electronic Resonance frequencies and synchronization fault Distributed response Inertia Is an issue Mostly centralized units Intrinsic Wikipedia! Not an issue due to lack of mechanical inertia Distributed units possible Electronically simulated Over current capability Very high Usually 20-30% Response from idle state No Yes 18

19 Synchronous machine vs. battery Category Synchronous Machine Battery storage Grid building Intrinsic Electronic Resonance frequencies and synchronization fault Distributed response Inertia Is an issue Mostly centralized units Intrinsic Wikipedia! X Not an issue due to lack of mechanical inertia Distributed units possible Electronically simulated Over current capability Very high Usually 20-30% Response from idle state No Yes 19

20 Synchronous machine vs. battery Category Synchronous Machine Battery storage Grid building Intrinsic Electronic Resonance frequencies and synchronization fault Distributed response Inertia Is an issue Mostly centralized units Intrinsic Wikipedia! X Not an issue due to lack of mechanical inertia Distributed units possible Electronically simulated Over current capability Very high Usually 20-30% Response from idle state No Yes 20

21 Synchronous machine vs. battery Category Synchronous Machine Battery storage Grid building Intrinsic Electronic Resonance frequencies and synchronization fault Distributed response Inertia Is an issue Mostly centralized units Intrinsic Not an issue due to lack of mechanical inertia Distributed units possible Electronically simulated Over current capability Very high Usually 20-30% Response from idle state No Wikipedia! X Yes X 21

22 Synchronous machine vs. battery Category Synchronous Machine Battery storage Grid building Intrinsic Electronic Resonance frequencies and synchronization fault Distributed response Inertia Is an issue Mostly centralized units Intrinsic Not an issue due to lack of mechanical inertia Distributed units possible Electronically simulated Over current capability Very high Usually 20-30% Response from idle state No Wikipedia! X X Yes X 22

23 Ancillary Services with Batteries Black start Current controlling Voltage controlling Grid supporting (P-control) Grid supporting (PD-control) Grid sustaining Grid forming Application: PEE Application: EFCC Application: Virtual inertia Application: Black start 23

24 Further opportunities Current controlling Grid supporting Grid supporting (P-control) (PD-control) Grid sustaining Voltage controlling Grid forming Further opportunities Application: Application: Application: Application: PEE EFCC Virtual inertia Black start 25

25 References 26

26 Current examples: Over 76 MW / 88 MWh installed or under construction in Q4/ MW / 1 MWh, Willenhall, completed 2016, 1x EBU Lead Acid, FFR 1 MW / 1 MWh, Willersey, commissioning in Q4/2017, 1x EBU Lead Acid, EFCC 24 MW / 16.5 MWh, Wales, under construction in Q4/2017, 5x EBU Li-Ion, EFR 10 MW / 6.7 MWh, Nevendon, under construction in Q4/2017, 2x EBU Li-Ion, EFR 2.5 MW / 4.5 MWh, Gödenroth, under construction,1x EBU Li-Ion PS 2.6 MW / 4.8 MWh, Kolitzheim, in commissioning Q4/2017, 4x EBU Lead Acid, PFR Automotive 2 nd Life Test Facility, Kitzingen, completed 2016, Test facility for automotive and 2 nd life batteries 7.8 MW / 7.6 MWh, Herdecke, in commissioned 2017, 3x EBU Automotive Li-Ion, PFR 1.3 MW / 2.4 MWh, Alt Daber, completed 2014, 2x EBU Lead Acid, PFR 13.4 MW / 22 MWh, Saxony, under construction in Q4/2017, Li-Ion, Turn- Key House, PFR 10 MW / 15.9 MWh, Chemnitz, completed July 2017, Li-Ion, Turn-Key House, PFR 1 MW / 2.4 MWh, Gera, completed 2016, solution with different types of batteries, PFR 1.95 MW / 3.6 MWh, Wildflecken, in commissioning in Q4/2017, 3x EBU Lead Acid, PFR 27

27 Reference: Chemnitz, GER 10 MW Turn-key project in Germany for Primary Reserve Commissioned in 2017 Project size: Power: 10 MW Capacity: 16 MWh Challenges: First complete stand-alone battery system high requirements for communication High requirements for the availability of the system Solutions: Comprehensive redundancy concept for the operation and communication system 28

28 Reference: Herdecke, GER Commissioned in 2017 Project size: Power: 7600 kw Capacity: 7800 kwh Challenges: Large scale battery system based on automotive batteries Solutions: Innovative design Comprehensive development process (hardware and software) based on Belectric s know-how of battery systems 29

29 Reference: BESS in the UK Construction began in July 2017 Project size: Power: 24 MVA Capacity: 16 MWh Challenges: Providing a battery storage system that employs the customer s batteries Solutions: Open-Side containers to integrate large battery modules Extremely compact system including liquid cooling of modules 30

30 Reference: Nevendon, UK Construction begins in 2017 Project size: Power: 12.5 MVA Capacity: 7111 kwh Challenges: Modular, Scalable, cost-efficient battery storage system required Solutions: 1500V Battery strings to achieve highest cost efficiency with solar-derived inverters Batteries especially developed for stationary applications Containerized solution High safety standard 31

31 R&D and subsidized Projects 32

32 PV Power Plant of the Future - R&D project: 9 m budget; funded by German Government with 5 m - Development of PV + battery power plants capable of power grid management 33

33 Showcase intelligent Energy SINTEG - 30m budget; funded by German Government - Support the development and piloting of grid operating systems that remain stable even when high shares of volatile generation from wind and solar is fed in into the grid 34

34 Eco-friendly Innovative Reliable