CAR CLUB STRATEGY DECEMBER 2016

Transcription

1 CAR CLUB STRATEGY DECEMBER 0

2 0 Contents Introduction Operators Perspective The Case for Car Clubs Grey Fleets WestTrans Car Club Vision and Objectives Achieving Car Club Growth Types of Car Club 0 Proposed Growth Targets Current Situation Issues and Barriers Potential Demand Recommendations and Actions Organisations and References 0

3 0 Introduction About car clubs A car club provides its members with flexible access to the use of a pool of vehicles /. Vehicles are parked on or off-street, close to homes or workplaces and can be used and paid for by the minute, hour, day or week including costs such as insurance and maintenance. Growth in the sharing economy such as cycle hire, car clubs, car sharing, and a blurring of how transport is owned and operated with operations such as Uber. Electric vehicles have finally come of age to play a full part in this new smart mobility landscape. Smart Mobility Car clubs are the vanguard of a much wider trend towards smart mobility. Smart mobility, also referred to as intelligent mobility or mobility as a service, represents potentially the greatest evolution in transport since the mass production of the motor car. It is the culmination of a number rapidly evolving disruptive technologies, policy, socio-demographics and lifestyle trends, including: Declining car ownership particularly amongst the younger generations. Attitudes towards, and the usage of, cars in cities are evolving. Car ownership is very expensive, and inner city parking scarce yet typically a UK car is parked.%¹ of the time. Rejuvenated cities and the connected generation with a different relationship to transport, and more health conscious, travel savvy and increasingly multi-modal. Accessing transport on-demand that best fits the requirement of each trip, and on a pay-as-you-go basis. London s doing less well when it comes to ULEVs in car clubs, comprising less than % of the London car club fleet, compared to around % on average in the global car club fleet (Frost & Sullivan). This is chiefly due to difficulties in delivering the on-street charging infrastructure in London, and the complexity of London s boroughs each with differing parking policies. Car clubs in London The car club sector has experienced rapid growth globally as the trends towards smart mobility intensifies. There are now over. million users of car clubs globally, and this figure is projected to rise to over m by 00. London is in a leading position, with,000 members (% of the UK total), and is Europe s largest single market for car clubs based on membership (Frost & Sullivan), with recorded growth of % in car club memberships between 0 and 0. In May 0 the Car Club Coalition of industry operators (endorsed by TfL) published A Car Club Strategy for London, and aims to increase members from,000 to million by 0, with 0,000 car club vehicles ( per 00 members). TfL s Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV) Delivery Plan (July 0) subsequently set a target for 0% of the London car club fleet to be ULEVs by 0, which equates to,000 ULEVs.

4 0 Introduction - Purpose of the Strategy About WestTrans This strategy has been developed in response to the publication of the Car Club Coalitions A Car Club Strategy for London (published May 0), to consider the role of car clubs within the WestTrans partnership area, understand the benefits, and translate the London wide growth aspirations into a West London specific target for growth. In developing the strategy we have investigated: CARS ARE PARKED % OF THE TIME The benefits of car clubs Current car club membership and recent growth The current distribution of car club supply and demand Consulted with ten car club operators Innovations including one-way models and electric vehicles Future scenarios and implications for policy achievement Developed recommendations for West London boroughs to implement that will both grow the car club market and shape this growth for the benefit of people living and working in West London. WestTrans is a partnership formed of the six West London boroughs of: Ealing Brent Hammersmith & Fulham Harrow Hillingdon Hounslow WestTrans works with Transport for London to identify, develop and implement transport projects to the benefit of the subregion. WestTrans Inner London Outer London

5 0 The Case for Car Clubs Behaviour Change Air Quality and Emissions Promote Sustainable Travel Counterintuitive as it might seem car clubs = less car driving Car clubs are greener than privately owned cars Car clubs are part of the sustainable transport mix and play a part in promoting non-car travel Car club members exhibit behaviour change, making fewer trips with some selling their cars or deferring private car ownership. Car club members drive less and own fewer private cars than the average Londoner, reducing parking pressure. Joining a car club reduces annual car mileage by 0 miles even when accounting for those who did not previously drive using car clubs. Car club cars are less polluting than the average private car. Conventionally fuelled car club vehicles have % lower emissions than London fleet average. % of the London car club fleet are in the lowest. emission bands compared to % of the UK fleet A growth in the proportion of ultra low emission (electric vehicles and hybrids) will mean car clubs are greener still. Car club members are more likely to use a wide range of more sustainable modes of travel. 0% of car club members use the underground regularly, compared to 0% of Londoners. Pay as you go model encourages users to only use a car occasionally, whereas a car owner is more incentivised to make use of the car having already paid. Encourages take-up of low emission vehicles and the roll out of charge points, and normalises their use. Growing evidence of a reduction in distance travelled by car amongst Car Club Members Car Club Model Type Reduction in Distance Travel by Car Source Round Trip Members % CarPlus Annual Survey 0/ One-Way Members % T Autolib study (0) Reduced Demand for Parking On average privately owned cars are idle and parked % of the time, occupying vast areas of roadspace. Car clubs reduce private car ownership and demand for parking. Facilitate Sustainable Growth % of car club members sold or disposed of their car in the last year. Across London, car club members have sold,000 cars in the last year which would fill 0 football pitches. Sources: Carplus Annual Survey 0/ (London) Frost & Sullivan RAC Foundation

6 0 WestTrans Car Club Vision and Objectives We believe that West London should take full advantage of car clubs as part of the sustainable transport mix to help enable sustainable growth across the subregion. Our Objectives Increase sustainable transport options Increase accessibility of car clubs Relieve parking pressure (through lower car ownership) Reduce road congestion Improve local air quality Promote Low Emission Vehicles... Where car clubs are a mainstream mode of transport 0... Where car clubs are an easy-to-use and accessible mode of transport 0... Where car clubs are a complementary mode of transport Benefits car club cars,000 car club cars 0% Electric 0% Electric,00 car club members 00,000 car club members Reduction in private cars owned: 0,000 Reduction in traffic: up to.% Reduction in C0: up to.% Reduction in NOx 0.% Reduction in PM0: 0.% Growth in electric vehicles and the supporting charging infrastructure Sources: Carplus Annual Survey 0/ (London) A Car Club Strategy for London 0 (facilitated by TfL)

7 0 Types of Car Club Types of car club Round-trip Return car to pick-up bay Fixed one-way Main operators Operators with Electric Vehicles (EVs) Recent developments Zipcar City Car Club Co-wheels E-Car GoDrive Hertz / E-car (all EVs) Zipcar (PHEVs) Enterprise acquired City Car Club in 0 Co-wheels have recently expanded operations into London, with a particular focus on Outer London Improvements to Source London EV charging network Peer-to-peer models are currently operating in West London (EasyCar Club, Rentacarlo, Ridelink) Bolloré GoDrive Bolloré (all EVs) GoDrive (some EVs) GoDrive public launch April 0 Bolloré are now responsible for managing Source London EV charging network. Car club launch planned for 0 DriveNow, CarGo GoDrive DriveNow (some EVs) CarGo (not currently in UK) GoDrive (some EVs) DriveNow launched in London November 0. Currently operating in four boroughs. Not currently operating in West London. CarGo exited the London market in 0 GoDrive operating floating one-way in Islington, May 0 ZipCar began operating a floating car club in Brussels in September 0 Drive one-way to specific pre-booked bays/ hubs, like the Cycle Hire Scheme Floating one-way Drive one-way to any bay within a designated area Key Car Club parking bay Designated operating area for floating one-way car clubs

8 0 WEST TRANS REGION Current car club bay locations in West London Current Situation Car clubs in West London There are currently three round-trip car clubs operating from on-street bays in West London, with a total of over,000 car club members. Car club provision in West London is focused to the east of the region, particularly in Hammersmith and Fulham, Brent and Ealing. There are currently no electric vehicles or plug in hybrid electric vehicles within the West London car club fleets. Over the last three years car club growth rates have been significantly higher in West London than London as a whole. Harrow Car Club Car Growth: % in WesTrans area, compared to % for Greater London Car Club Membership Growth: % in WestTrans compared to % for Greater London Brent Hillingdon Ealing Current car club operators in West London,,,00 Harrow Hillingdon 0 Hounslow 0, WestTrans,00 Zipcar City Car Club Hertz Ealing Brent H&F Borough Source: Carplus Annual Survey 0/ (London) Hammersmith and Fulham Hounslow Bay locations Ordnance Survey data Crown Copyright and database right 0. Cartography by Steer Davies Gleave 0 0 km Bay Locations MAP LAYERS Total car club cars Total car club members Car Club Operators

9 Potential Demand 0 Car club potential demand heat map Car club potential A number of factors influence car club demand in a given area? Each of these layers combine to create the adjacent heat map. Key determinants of car club demand Population demographics Population with a high propensity to use car clubs Population density High population density Public Transport Accessibility Levels High accessibility Travel to work by car Low travel to work by car Controlled Parking Zones (CPZs) Areas with CPZs Strategic developments Areas with new developments The map shows analysis of the data in the table above: Overall, car club demand levels are lowest in the west of the subregion and increase as we move eastward There are also areas of high demand in town centres throughout West London The London Borough of Hillingdon generally has lower levels of demand apart from Uxbridge, Hayes and along Uxbridge Road This map shows the potential demand for car clubs in west London. It is based on an analysis of seven sets of data: Public Transport Accessibility Level people living in areas with good public transport are more likely to use car clubs Travel to work by car people who do not drive to work are more likely to use car clubs Controlled Parking Zones (CPZs) people are more likely to use car clubs in areas where it costs money to park on-street Strategic developments higher demand for car clubs near large developments Mosaic profiling groups of people are more likely to use car clubs than others Population density demand for car clubs is higher where there are more people Car ownership people who don t own cars are more likely to use car clubs Highest potential Lowest potential Existing car club bays

10 0 Potential Demand Population with a high propensity to use car clubs Mosaic groups propensity to join a car club A key factor in determining areas of greater potential for car club uptake are the localised socio-demographics As shown in the adjacent figure, where the average propensity to join a car club is 00, an analysis of existing car club members indicates three groups demonstrate the greatest propensity towards car club membership: Aspiring Homemakers Senior Security Domestic Success Family Basics Municipal Challenge Vintage Value Urban Cohesion Rental Hubs City Prosperity Rental Hubs Municipal Challenge Borough composition of each of the three Mosaic groups with the highest propensity to join a car club Borough City Prosperity Rental Hubs Municipal Challenge Ealing % % % Brent 0% % % Hammersmith & Fulham have by far the highest per capita demand for car clubs, with % of the borough s population defined as City Prosperity. H&F % % % Harrow % % % Contrastingly only % of Hillingdon s population is in the City Prosperity group. Hillingdon % % % Hounslow 0% % % WestTrans % % % Source: Carplus annual survey of car clubs 0/ London, April 0: content/uploads/0/0/carplus-annual-survey-of-car-clubs-0_london_final.pdf 00 Average propensity Prestigate Positions The next table shows the WestTrans borough composition of each of the three Mosaic groups with the highest propensity to join a car club. 00 City Prosperity Mosaic is a consumer classification system, which divides the UK adult population into different groups based on demographics, lifestyles, preferences and behaviours. City Prosperity is nearly two and a half times more likely to join a car club than the general population. Rental Hubs have around the average propensity to join a car club. 0

11 Potential Demand 0 Public Transport Accessibility Levels (PTAL) Public Transport Accessibility Levels Good public transport accessibility increases the demand for car clubs. The highest Public Transport Accessibility Levels are found in the large town centres: Shepherds Bush Hammersmith Hounslow Ealing Wembley Harrow Uxbridge 0 - Little/no access a - Very poor b - Very poor - Poor - Moderate - Good - Very good a - Excellent b - Excellent Uxbridge Tube Station

12 Potential Demand 0 Travel to work by car Travel to work by car Low travel to work by car levels increases demand for car clubs. The lowest levels of travel to work by car are found in the eastern parts of the WestTrans boroughs including: Chiswick Ealing Acton Kilburn Queen s Park Hammersmith & Fulham (entire borough) Over % Up to % Up to 0% Up to % Up to 0% Commuter on Great West Road in Chiswick

13 Potential Demand 0 Controlled Parking Zones (CPZs) Controlled Parking Zones High demand for parking spaces increases demand for car clubs. Controlled Parking Zones (CPZs) are found in most town centres across West London. They are also found beyond town centres in: The eastern half of the borough of Ealing The eastern third of Brent Nearly all of Hammersmith & Fulham Implemented CPZs Consulted CPZs Controlled Parking Zone in Hammersmith and Fulham 0

14 Potential Demand 0 Strategic developments Strategic developments New developments increase potential demand for car clubs. Areas with high concentrations of strategic developments include: Southall Hounslow Brentford Old Oak Common Wembley Strategic development sites The London Designer Outlet is a,00m shopping centre located in Wembley

15 0 Operators Perspective As part of this study, we interviewed ten car club operators including established and new operators, using both round-trip and one-way models. Locations for Expansion The prime market for car clubs is inner West London There is a general interest in expanding more widely across all six West London boroughs Some are more interested in Outer London areas than others Key areas are, town centres, transport hubs, Controlled Parking Zones, and areas with major developments Contracts Operators support competition Single operator contracts limit sector growth Support for three year agreements with break clauses to facilitate more innovative operations One-Way car clubs Range of one-way operators is likely to grow There is a need for a universal parking permit (as introduced in Hackney and Wandsworth) and cross-borough working to facilitate operations Councils are able to restrict parking in certain areas Operators can provide access to data for monitoring purposes Electric Vehicles Borough Support Ensure that developers fund car club bays where they are legally required to do so (via S0 agreements) Facilitate transfer of under-occupied bays, to other operators Allocate new bays in a timely manner Provide more bays in areas of high demand Release bays in packages including prime and fringe locations to ensure good coverage boroughwide Reduce bay fees Encourage the use of car clubs amongst public sector car fleets and to replace private car use Most operators feel EV s have a part to play in the car club mix, particularly in floating car clubs. Fair access to current and future EV charging infrastructure needed The growth in ultra-low emission fleets, need sufficient (and reliable) EV charging infrastructure.

16 0 Grey Fleets The role of car clubs as an alternative to borough grey fleets A grey fleet vehicle is one which is employee owned and is used for work related journeys (excluding commuting). There are a number of advantages to switching from the use of great fleet vehicles to car clubs: CO emissions: Grey fleet vehicles are generally older and produce higher emissions than car club cars. Cost: Grey fleet mileage re-imbursement rates are normally considerably higher than alternative modes of travel. Car clubs may also enable more efficient use of vehicles than the grey fleet. Corporate social responsibility: Employers have a duty under the Health and Safety at Work Act, including whilst driving for work journeys, and many struggle to manage grey fleet vehicles effectively. In terms of hours logged, Ealing uses car clubs seven times more than Brent and times more than Hounslow, despite having fewer staff memberships. Factors that determine the use levels of car clubs in place of grey fleet may include: Availability Ease of use Extent of internal advertising Number of employees using off-site car club vehicles Internal processes for administering car club use Parking availability / rates of commuting to work by car and use of car club vehicles for work journeys Grey fleet mileage reimbursement rates Borough use of car clubs for work journeys Borough Number of vehicles Number of staff at Council offices memberships Hours logged per working day Ealing >00 Brent 0 H&F Harrow Hillingdon Hounslow 0

17 0 Achieving Car Club Growth Growth scenarios Growth scenarios for car club cars and memberships in the WestTrans' boroughs were developed. Scenario Operator types Car club members by 0 Exisiting round trip operators 0,000 Scenario Scenario Round trip Existing and new Fixed one-way round trip operators Floating one-way 0,000 Three scenarios for car club member growth in West London Scenario 00,000 0,000 00,000 Scenario 00,000 Continuation of growth rates from 0 to 0 Accelerated growth rates Accelerated growth rates Proportion of Electric vehicles operatiing in car club fleets % by 0 0% by 0 0% by 0 Membership growth assumptions Same as growth rates per vehicle from 0 to 0 Car club vehicle growth assumptions 0 Same as growth rates per vehicle from 0 to 0 Based on achievement of West London s share of the million member target Scenario 0, In order to achieve the growth targets in A Car Club Strategy for London, facilitated by TfL, both round-trip car clubs and one-way car clubs will be required.

18 0 Achieving Car Club Growth Fit with policy objectives In September 0, West London borough officers met to discuss new car club models and how these models may impact on the achievement of key borough policy objectives. Borough observations Scenario : Limits car club growth Scenario : Offers some growth in car clubs Scenario a: Fixed one-way model has little evidence of impact in London, as yet to be implemented. May increase parking pressure and traffic congestion. Scenario b: Floating one-way model now has positive evidence, but still concern about clustering in areas of high demand. Car club growth scenarios and fit with policy objectives Fit with borough policy objective Scenario existing round-trip operators Scenario allow new round-trip operators Scenario a Scenario and fixed one-way operators Scenario b Scenario and floating one-way operators Increase sustainable transport options Fit with policy objectives requires: Fit with policy objectives requires further evidence Some fit with policy objectives Clear fit with policy objectives * New evidence about positive benefits of floating one-way from Carplus Annual Survey 0/ (London) including; Increase accessibility of car clubs Relieve parking pressure (through lower car ownership) * Reduce road congestion * Car ownership amongst floating one-way car club members falls after joining Floating one-way car club cars are used more efficiently than private cars Floating one-way car club cars are used infrequently, and not for commuting Improve local air quality

19 0 0 Proposed Growth Targets In order for West London to achieve its share of the London-wide car club growth target and deliver the associated benefits, the subregion will need 00,000 car club members by 0. As detailed in A Car Club Strategy for London, these targets are based on a range of different car club models operating, as detailed in Scenario. The scope for achieving this growth through back-to-base car clubs alone is recognised to be limited, so for this strategy to be successful in delivering its target of 00,000 car club members by 0, either a fixed one-way car club, a floating one-way car club, or both would need to be in operation prior to 0. The charts show the growth in car club cars and members that each West London borough will need to achieve in order for the subregion to reach its share of the London-wide target. Car club member growth targets (Scenario ) Hammersmith & Fulham Why do we set targets? Targets help to: Clarify the end vision Focus priorities Ensure accountability Drive progress Car club cars growth targets (Scenario ) 0, , , , , , , , Ealing Brent Hounslow Harrow Hillingdon Note - Borough targets should be reviewed periodically

20 0 Issues and Barriers What issues and barriers to futher car club growth? Lengthy process and timescales in delivering new car club bays. Developers do not always fund car club bays when required to via S0 agreements. Lack of Borough resources with clear responsibility for liaising with car club operators. Often when car club bays are under utilised by one operator they remain unavailable to other operators, giving a negative impression of car club bays. Inconsistent relationships and responsiveness between operators and key partners. Limited knowledge of car clubs amongst some Borough officers. Lack of monitoring on car club bay usage. Shortage of car club bays available in many areas of high demand. Prime car club sites are often offered to market without any requirement to also operate less profitable fringe sites, which are important for Borough wide coverage. Lack of co-ordination at subregional level. Inconsistent bay allocation processes amongst boroughs across the subregion Unclear pricing structure for operators to lease car club bays, which varies on a borough by borough basis. Market uncertainty for operators lack of clarity on upcoming sites, market size, operating environment model types etc. Emerging market with regular new entrants and operators withdrawing from the market. Resistance from senior decision makers, members or politicians, often due to sensitivities over loss of parking bays. Few public sector car fleets lead by example in using car clubs to replace private car use. No Borough-wide universal parking permits available (as introduced in Hackney and Wandsworth). Limited cross-borough working to facilitate operation. Limited availability of electric vehicle charge points for car club use. Unclear access and pricing regimes for the use of Source London electric vehicle charge points by car clubs. Higher upfront costs and some operational complexities in introducing electric vehicles into car club fleets particularly in locations where vehicles are principally used for longer distance weekend trips. Limited research or evidence of the impact of the fixed one-way and floating one-way models in London. Concerns amongst some stakeholders that fixed one-way model may increase parking pressure and traffic congestion. Concerns amongst some stakeholders that floating one-way model may result in transference of short trips to car use, and clustering in areas of high demand. Lack of engagement with council decision-makers who can commit to identified targets for car clubs. Policy objectives, market demand, commercial viability and operator preferences are not always considered in a balanced manner. Lack of Borough led target setting and identification of growth locations for individual bays.

21 0 Recommendations and Actions The following recommendations are designed to enable West London boroughs to achieve 00,000 members by 0 their total share of the London-wide target for million members by 0. Recommendation Description Actions Responsibility Timescale WestTrans Agree a All WestTrans boroughs should agree on and WestTrans car commit to a WestTrans car club vision and club vision and objectives so actions should be geared towards objectives achieving this vision. Meeting amongst WestTrans borough representatives, discuss and agree on a vision for car clubs in West London, using the vision presented in Chapter as a starting point. Borough representatives Other council Short decision-makers (if necessary) Each borough should agree on and commit WestTrans to achieving car club member and car growth Identify council decision-makers who can commit to identified targets. Agree borough targets. Proposed targets are presented in Use the Strategy to sell the idea to decision-makers and address their concerns. growth targets Chapter. Targets clarify the end vision, focus Agree who is accountable for target achievement. priorities, ensure accountability and drive Agree on commitment to targets in policy documents. progress. Borough representatives Council decision- Short makers Other consultees Boroughs should agree on priority growth locations for car club bays in a coordinated manner. A joined up strategy will enable policy Develop a objectives, market demand and operator subregional preferences to be considered in strategy for car a balanced manner. club bay growth/ distribution The identification of growth locations and individual bays should speed up the process for bay allocation to operators. More round-trip bays need to be made available if boroughs are to Each borough identifies their preferred broad locations for car club growth, using the Strategy as a starting point. WestTrans works with boroughs to coordinate these growth locations at a subregional level. Boroughs can then identify more specific locations for car club bay growth based on demand and supply of bays, including monitoring usage. These can serve as WestTrans Borough representatives Borough transport officers Short Parking services heat maps for where to provide new car club bays including consideration of borough plans, opportunity areas etc. Publish the strategy to provide greater certainty to operators. Possible input from: Operators reach car club car targets.

22 0 Recommendations and Actions Recommendation Description Actions Responsibility Timescale Review existing responsibilities for car clubs at each borough and establish a single Each borough should designate an officer with a clear responsibility for liaising with car club Designate a car operators, not necessarily a new role, but rather club officer at a clear allocation of responsibility to a single each borough person. This person should have a knowledge of car clubs and responsibility for meeting and monitoring annual borough car club targets. car club officer with a knowledge of car clubs and accountability for meeting and monitoring annual borough car club targets. Develop a common roles and responsibilities template for officers. See Roles of different actors in achieving success: developers, local authorities and operators in CarPlus August 0 guidance: uploads/0/0/car-clubs-in-new-developments-report-.pdf Establish a borough officers group to share issues/ knowledge. Borough transport planning management Short Borough car club officer Communicate borough contacts with all operators. Each borough to become a member of Carplus and attend knowledge sharing events. Car club bay allocation can prove to be a Review processes protracted process, and of variable timescales to speed up amongst different boroughs. car club bay allocation Support car club operators proposals for fair access to Car club bay allocation must be efficient and consistent to achieve growth targets. Review recent expressions of interest amongst operators for bays and trace the timescales for allocation. Determine best practice and apply it to all WestTrans boroughs. See Car clubs Starter Pack for Local Authorities - A practical guide to car club WestTrans Relevant borough officers Short development in CarPlus guidance: uploads/0/0/-car-clubs-starter-pack-for-local-authorities.pdf Car club operators require access to charge point networks to operate electric vehicle, and are concerned Bolloré has a monopoly over access to this network. planned electric Bluepoint London is considering having a set vehicle charging fixed membership fee for car club operators to infrastructure access the network. Operators are promoting If possible, WestTrans should attend meetings between Bluepoint London and operators to express its support for car club operators having access to the charge point network, stating that this fits with their car club vision and policy objectives. Alternatively they should express their support for car club operators having WestTrans Short access to parallel charge point networks. an agreement over fair access and pricing.

23 0 Recommendations and Actions Recommendation Undertake a trial for one-way/ floating model to operate on a trial basis Description Enabling a one-way model to operate in a defined area of West London on a trial basis, so that the benefits and drawbacks can be monitored and assessed, and further considered as an element of the growth strategy for achieving the vision and objectives. Actions Responsibility Agree terms and scope for a one-way car club trial amongst boroughs and WestTrans an operator. Ensure boroughs have access to all relevant data in order to evaluate results against policy objectives. Define an area of West London for the trial. This must be an area with high car club demand. Develop a universal parking permit for the area. Timescale Borough representatives Borough transport officers Medium Parking services Operators Monitor data against policy objectives. Operators must ensure that cars are made Establish a use it available at bays, and are not left unoccupied. or lose it policy If an operator has removed a car from one of for car club bays its bays (for a set period, e.g. six weeks) they Borough Establish a clear policy within the bay lease contract requiring operators stock their bays with cars, and not remove cars without informing the council. Establish a monitoring procedure. should lose access to the bay. representatives Borough transport Medium officers Operators As part of a new development, developers may be required to provide car club bays through S0 obligations. Review car club S0 obligations and process for gathering contributions Without robust S0 agreements, developers can delay or avoid financial contributions towards car clubs or allocations of bays to car club operators. Boroughs must ensure that S0 funding are collected / parking bays are allocated to car Review recent S0 obligations across the WestTrans boroughs and identify any delayed/ unfulfilled financial car clubs contributions. Determine whether delays/unfulfilled contributions were a matter of poor S0 wording or poor S0 monitoring (collection of funds). Update with established best practice clauses. See Car clubs in property developments Carplus good practice guidance in CarPlus February 0 guidance: WestTrans Borough car club officers Borough S0 officers Medium Planning solicitor Borough transport planning management club operators. 0

24 0 Recommendations and Actions Recommendation Description Actions Develop a clear pricing structure for operators Demand-based to lease car club bays linked to demand in the bay pricing area. and a common subregional pricing structure Packaging bays in secondary locations with This is a key mechanism by which the subregional strategy for car club bay growth/ Borough Review existing car club bay fees and set common region wide lease fees based on the demand level of the location of a bay. Bay leases could be free in areas of low demand, as long as a car is made available. bays in prime A mechanism to compel operators to provide locations cars in locations prioritised by boroughs but representatives Borough transport Medium officers Borough parking services Either as an alternative measure to demandmeasure. Timescale WestTrans distribution can be implemented. based bay pricing, or an accompanying Responsibility WestTrans Identify priority areas for growth in secondary locations. Bays can be packaged as follows: Orange with light blue and Yellow with green. Dark blue areas can be packaged with other bays at a later stage. Borough representatives Borough transport Medium officers Parking services not by operators. WestTrans Link car club bay Fees operators pay boroughs to lease parking fees with vehicle bays could be linked to the emissions of the car emissions occupying it. Review of car club bay fees and consider establishing this as a further incentive to promoting ULEV uptake. Relevant borough officers Medium Borough parking services Grey fleet vehicles are council employees Increase the use of car clubs in council car fleets private vehicles being used for work-related journeys. The use of car clubs by councils is a way of directly fostering demand and helps make their operations viable locally. It can also Review existing grey fleet usage across WestTrans boroughs, and the use of car clubs in place of grey fleets where already available. WestTrans Relevant borough officers Medium/ Long result in cost savings and emissions reductions.

25 0 Recommendations and Actions Recommendation Description Actions Responsibility Timescale Some boroughs (outside of WestTrans) operate single operator contracts in which only one Ensure the operator is allowed in the borough. continuation of We seek to ensure that WestTrans boroughs multiple operator continue to avoid single operator contracts, boroughs and allow multiple operators. A multiple operator environment is more likely foster Develop a WestTrans-wide policy against single operator boroughs in order to ensure competition and innovation. This approach has been taken in Camden, Hackney and Wandsworth, three of the most progressive car club boroughs in London, who have reported a doubling in size of their car club network and a rapid growth in membership since introducing the multi-operator approach. WestTrans Borough representatives Other council Ongoing decision-makers (if necessary) competition and innovation to the benefit of

26 0 Organisations and References Organisations British Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association Carplus Office for Low Emission Vehicles (OLEV) Transport for London Promoting responsible road transpor WestTrans Car club operators Bolloré CarGo enterprise Car Club Co-Wheels DriveNow E-Car icarrental Zipcar EV charging suppliers/networks Bluepoint London Chargemaster POD point Source London Documents A Car Club Strategy for London (Car Club Coalition) An Ultra Low Emission Vehicle Delivery Plan for London (Mayor of London and TfL) Carplus annual survey of car clubs - 0/ London (Carplus) Low emission neighbourhoods guidance note (Mayor of London and TfL) Rapid charging network study (Element Energy and TfL) Produced for WestTrans by

27