Contingency Planning for Oil Spill Response. Nilay Meshram Suptdg. Engineer (Environment) Corporate HSE, ONGC, New Delhi. Contents

Transcription

1 Contingency Planning for Oil Spill Response Nilay Meshram Suptdg. Engineer (Environment) Corporate HSE, ONGC, New Delhi Contents Oil Spill Contingency Planning Guidelines by Indian Coast Guard for Oil & Gas Industry Tiered Concept of Oil Spill Response Elements of Oil Spill Contingency Plan ONGC s Oil Spill Response Capabilities 1

2 Need for Oil Spill Contingency Planning Oil spills will continue to occur as long as society depends on petroleum and its products Sustainable development need of the hour ONGC being responsible corporate is committed to protect fragile marine environment by: Minimizing risk of occurrence of oil spill Rapidly containing & recovering spilled oil and Effectively rehabilitating affected resources Need for Oil Spill Contingency Planning International requirements through various conventions / Treaties / IMO Stipulations of Merchant Shipping Act, MoEFCC & provisions of NOSDCP. Oil Spill on sea do not respect national boundaries - travel far to international destinations Why Oil Spill Combatment is necessary Act as sink for atmospheric CO 2 fixation Spill on sea reduces sunlight penetration to marine life and poses threat to their existence Coastline of India 5500 km on the mainland & 2000 km on its offshore islands Coastal area is known for - Vast network of backwaters Estuaries, Creeks, Lagoons, Mangroves and coral reefs. The country is blessed with beaches & Recorded more than 5000 species of marine flora & fauna 12 major ports 200 minor/interim/ Small Ports 350 to 400 MMT crude oil is transported along the route through tankers 4 Considering the large volume of oil transportation at high rate probability of tanker accident is very high 2

3 Oil Spill Contingency Planning in India International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC) Adopted on 30 Nov 1990 at London Objectives:- To facilitate international co-operation and mutual assistance for Oil Spill Response States to develop and maintain adequate capability to deal with oil pollution Oil Spill Contingency Planning in India To comply with OPRC / UNCLOS convention, National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (NOS-DCP) was prepared by Indian Coast Guard. Apex plan for responding to oil spill disasters in Indian waters Prepared by Indian Coast Guard in July 1996 and updated in 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2006 and 2015 The plan brings together the combined resources of Government of India, State Governments, Shipping, Ports and Oil Industries. Director General Coast Guard (DGCG) is the Central Coordinating Authority (CCA) for combating oil spills in Indian Water 3

4 NOS-DCP Delineates the duties and responsibilities of each participating agency Gives information on pollution response equipment held by agencies. Promotes development of Regional and Local Contingency Plans in the five Coast Guard Regions, various ports, oil companies and coastal states. The plan demand agencies to maintain:- An Oil Spill Contingency Plan Oil Spill Response Equipment Trained Manpower Tiered Response System The most mild, causing localized damage usually near the company's own facilities Mostly a result of the company's own activities Tier 1 Tier 2 larger than a Tier 1 spill, but is still one that occurs in the area of the producing company's facilities usually require the aid of other companies and resources, including the government the most severe; they cannot be contained with the resources of the producing company require substantial external resources to deal with them. Tier 3 8 4

5 Tiered concept for Oil Spill Response International Capability GROUP THREE Beyond tons TIER THREE Multi-National or Regional Capability GROUP TWO National Capability 700 to tons TIER TWO Area Capability GROUP ONE Upto 700 tons TIER ONE Industry Concept of Tiered Response Local Capability The Organisation of the National Framework National Pollution Response Areas 5 Regions & 14 districts headed by District commanders 5

6 Combat agencies for Oil Spills in India Source Source / Location / Location Combat Agency At At oil oil terminals terminals / / The The relevant relevant oil company oil company or Refineries Refineries or terminal terminal operator. operator. If response If is response beyond its is resources, beyond responsibility its resources, transfers to statutory responsibility agency transfers to statutory agency In ports In ports The The port port authority authority or or responsible responsible state government authority state government authority Within Within shoreline shoreline & in & Coastal Coastal State State Government Government intertidal in intertidal zones zones Beyond baseline Indian Coast Guard Beyond baseline Indian Coast Guard Spill from offshore Spill from petroleum offshore petroleum operations operations The relevant oil company with The relevant assistanceoil company from with statutory assistance agency from statutory agency Risk categorization of Oil Installations Risk Category Super `A A B C Description Operating more than five offshore platforms in one area Offshore E&P Installations for crude oil FPSO Ship / platform involved in ship to ship crude oil transfer Vessel / platform involved in drilling operations Only gas based E&P Ops / LNG / Naptha Offshore Oil Installations are to be equipped for responding to Tier 1 level of oil spill and up to 500 meters of the installation 6

7 Tier -1 OSR resources for risk category of oil installations Equipment Vessel Manpow er Description Risk Category Super A A B C Inflatable Boom in meters ϯ Skimmer (20 TPH) OSD Applicator (no.) Oil Spill Dispersant (liters) 10,000 5,000 3,000 3,000 Flex Barge 10 Tons (no.) # Booms sustainable in strong currents, if current within 4 knots 400 / / (meters / Nos.) Sorbent boom pack (meters) Sorbent pads (no.) Shoreline Mini vacuum pumps Cleanup Equipment Portable temporary storage facility Shoreline sealing boom (meters) Work Boats MSV / OSV / Tugs IMO Level IMO Level Other Hierarchy of contingency plans National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan by Headquarters, ICG Regional Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan by Regional Headquarters of ICG District Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan for Coastal States by District Headquarters of ICG Local or State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan for Shoreline Cleanup by Coastal State Facility Plan by Ships, Ports, Oil Installations near shore and Offshore Oil Installations 7

8 Oil spill emergency organogram Affected Stake holders and Government Authorities National Coordinator Medical Services and Ambulances Municipal transport rescues and rehabilitation team Fire Brigade Services Police Services CHIEF INCIDENT CONTROLLER SITE INCIDENT CONTROLLER Mutual Aid Support Services Administration and Communication Coordinator Fire Safety and Fire Team HSE Coordinator Operation Team, Technical Team etc. Elements of Oil Spill Contingency Planning If sea condition permits go for containment & recovery. If conditions do not permit then sensitive areas and other resources be protected by deploying the sealing booms. Dispersant spraying. Strategies for OSR Proper Oil Spill Risk Assessment is to be carried out Oil Spill Risk Assessment Behavior / fate of oil Aerial survey, Oil spill modeling is the most common way of monitoring the moment of oil spill. Can be done visually or remote sensing. Calculation of the slick area - by flying lengthwise & widthwise Determining the thickness of oil by observing its color. 16 Surveillance & tracking of oil at sea Contingen cy Planning Monitoring, Assessment and Evaluation Environmental considerations Environmental considerations ESI mapping (mangroves, nestling grounds, beaches, industry etc.) 8

9 Elements of the Oil Spill Contingency Plan Part I: Strategy 1. Introduction ( Scope and geographical coverage ) 2. Risk Assessment ( worst case scenario & oil spill trajectory ) 3. Response Strategy ( Roles & Responsibilities, spill response plan ) 4. Equipment 5. Management 6. Communication Part II: Action & Operations 7. Initial procedures 8. Operations planning 9. Control of operations 10.Termination of operations Part III: Data Directory All the data required to support an oil spill response efficiently ( Important telephone nos., Location maps, wind speed & direction, cleaning techniques, disposal methods, OSR equipment, formats for oil spill reporting, List of units registered with MoEF etc. ) Potential sources of Oil Spill Rupture of Main oil lines / Flow Lines / Hoses Tanker Grounding or Collision Blow-out during drilling Natural calamity (Earthquake/Tsunami etc.) Terrorist attack 9

10 Oil spill trajectory prediction & weathering studies Hydrodyn-OILSOFT software Inputs to the software:- oil characteristics, bathymetry, hydrological parameters meteorlogical parameters oil leak location and spill quantity Outputs of software:- trajectory of spill, losses, time taken to reach coast/open boundaries, amount of oil on surface, % of oil reaching the coast, oiling in the coast and landing locations Oil spill trajectory prediction & weathering studies Oil Spill trajectory due to continuous leakage of crude oil from the rupture in trunkline at location PRP -1 (June 2012) 10

11 Oil spill trajectory prediction & weathering studies Month Spill quantity (tons) of crude oil (in 36 hours) Losses (tons) Time taken to reach coast /open boundaries (hours) Amount of oil on surface (tones) % of oil reaching to the coast/domain boundaries Oiling in the coast (m). Landing Location January m February m March m April m May m June m Reaches the coast near Mumbai, Uran,Alibag, Kashid and Diveagar Towards Arabian sea in south direction Reaches the coast near Uran,Alibag, Kashid and Diveagar Reaches the coast near Nalasopara and Dahanu Reaches the coast near Dahanu and Daman Reaches the coast near Daman,Vansi Gam and Hazira ONGC s Oil Spill Response resources 11

12 Western Offshore Fields of ONGC Bombay High Bassein & Satellite Mumbai Neelam & Heera ONGC s Offshore Operations (West Coast) 14 Process complexes 203 Well head platforms 2 FPSO 41 Drilling rigs 70+ OSV / PSV / MSV / AHTS Pipeline network 12

13 ONGC s Tiered OSR Capability Tier I - Own OSR facilities Tier II - With Support from Indian Coast Guard Tier III - International Membership of M/s OSRL 25 Tier 1 OSR facilities of ONGC MSV Samudra Sevak MSV HAL Anant MSV Seamec I MSV Seamec - II 13

14 Oil Containment Booms S.N Vessel Type Length 1. Samudra Sevak Heavy duty Oil Boom HDB 1500 Make: Lamor 500 mtrs. 2. Hal Anant Heavy Duty Oil Boom DH 10Y - 2 Make: Canadyne 3. Seamec - II 4. Seamec - I Seacurtain Compactable Oil spill containment boom Make: Kepner Plastics Fabricators Flash Boom Model no (Self inflating boom) Make: Canadyne 500 mtrs. 500 mtrs. 500 mtrs. Skimmers S.N. Vessel Item Capacity 1. Samudra Sevak Brush skimmer Make: Lamor 150 m3 / hr (3 x 50) 2. Hal Anant Multi disc skimmer Make: Canadyne 3. Seamec - II Brush Skimmer Make: lamor 4. Seamec - I Brush skimmer Make: Lamor 11 m3 / hr 150 m3 / hr 150 m3 / hr (3 x 50) 14

15 Dispersant Spray System S. N Vessel 1 Samudra Sevak Capacity 60 ltrs/min 2 HAL Anant 80 ltrs/min 3 Samudra Prabha 50 ltrs/min 4 Seamec-II 150 ltrs/min 5 Seamec - I 118 ltrs/min Oil Spill Dispersant (NOVA) available with ONGC 14,065 ltrs Preparation & Deployment Samudra Sevak 15

16 Containment & Recovery Any large oil spill is contained with oil containment boom The oil is then recovered to vessel s identified tank using skimmer and pump Funding Tier-1 Oil Spill Response facility for Mumbai & JNPT Ports with other POC s (BPCL, HPCL, IOC,Tata Power, RIL, CTTL,Aegis Logistics) established by MbPT in February 2015 Contract awarded to M/s Sadhav Rs crores for five years ONGC s share is 41.5 % ONGC - Leader in OSR Management ONGC s Uran Plant and Nhava Supply Base are covered by this facility MOU with Cairn Energy & RIL for pooling of resources at East Coast. Jawahardeep Nhava Supply Base Uran Plant 16

17 ONGC - Leader in OSR Management ONGC is a participant member of M/s Oil Spill Response Ltd., UK since 1999 Agreement between ONGC & OSRL for combating major oil spill of Tier III level Yearly Membership fee (Band-4 depending on company s production) Nearest Base at Singapore Benefits: Guaranteed and immediate response, 24/7 Logistic support with own aircraft for transport of equipment Specialized oil recovery equipment Well Trained manpower ONGC has developed Oil Spill Contingency Plan for both the Coast. Regularly participating in Oil Spill Drills conducted by Indian Navy & ICG. 1. Prasthan Oil spill & Fire Fighting Exercise 2. NATPOLREX - National Level oil spill Exercise by Indian Coast Guard (Participated in all the NATPOLREX ) 3. Internal Oil Spill Drills ONGC - Leader in OSR Management 34 17

18 Conclusion Contingency Plans need to be tested, validated and continually updated. Oil spill response equipment should be commensurate to anticipated risk. International practice i.e. response is by oil companies co-operative or by OSROs (Oil Spill Response Organizations). Timely Response and Trained manpower is the key to success. Thanks 36 18