Future Large Civil Propulsion The Need for Speed?

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1 RAeS Lecture, London 26 th May 2016 Future Large Civil Propulsion The Need for Speed? Phil Curnock Chief Engineer Civil Large Future Programmes 2016 Rolls-Royce plc The information in this document is the property of Rolls-Royce plc and may not be copied or communicated to a third party, or used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied without the express written consent of Rolls-Royce plc. This information is given in good faith based upon the latest information available to Rolls-Royce plc, no warranty or representation is given concerning such information, which must not be taken as establishing any contractual or other commitment binding upon Rolls-Royce plc or any of its subsidiary or associated companies. Trusted to deliver excellence

2 Which predictions for 2050 will come true?

3 % Reduction relative to Comet base 20 th Century Jet Fuel Burn Improvements Engine Fuel Consumption -40% Aircraft Fuel Burn per Seat -30% Entry into Service Year

Improving specific fuel consumption Driving for higher efficiency 0.

000 High 0.600 temperature, high pressure, smaller cores.

650 High efficiency components High temperature materials and

conventional gas turbines Low NOx combustion Near Stoichiometric

Cooled cooling air Intercooling Larger lower pressure ratio, lower

4 Improving specific fuel consumption Driving for higher efficiency Thermal Cycle Efficiency Propulsive Efficiency Technology Improvements giving >20% SFC High temperature, high pressure, smaller cores. Enabled by: High efficiency components High temperature materials and advanced cooling Approaching Theoretical CMCs, Limit for conventional gas turbines Low NOx combustion Near Stoichiometric TET, Ultimate Component More novel Efficiencies configurations Cooled cooling air Intercooling Larger lower pressure ratio, lower speed fans. Enabled by: High efficiency fan and LPT Lightweight LP systems Composite fan, TiAl Lightweight low drag nacelles More novel configurations Gear driven fans Variable pitch fans Open rotor Distributed propulsion

5 Driving for higher efficiency

7 Advance key technologies Lightweight CTi Fan System & ENABLES Low NOx combustor Advanced materials manufacturing & cooling (CMCs, TiAl) Adaptive controls & cooling system Advanced High Efficiency, High OPR Core 2015 Rolls-Royce plc

UltraFan TM technology portfolio Variable

speed IP Turbine High Aspect Ratio TiAl / CMC

Advanced Cooling and CMC aerofoils Fully

9 UltraFan TM technology portfolio Variable Pitch / Variable Area Nozzle Multi Stage high speed IP Turbine High Aspect Ratio TiAl / CMC IP Turbine Aerofoils Advanced lightweight IMC Low Speed CTi Fan system Next Gen High Strength Ni Alloy High power density gearbox Advanced Cooling and CMC aerofoils Fully Integrated slim-line nacelle Rolls-Royce proprietary plc information

Next generation Civil product evolution Trent XWB Advance UltraFan / Open Rotor World s most efficient engine Technology EIS Readiness Bypass Ratio

10 Next generation Civil product evolution Trent XWB Advance UltraFan / Open Rotor World s most efficient engine Technology EIS Readiness Bypass Ratio Overall Pressure Ratio Efficiency relative to Trent %+ 25%+ Rolls-Royce proprietary Proprietary information Information

11 The need for efficiency Sources: Mark Litwintschik, Wikipedia, NASA Affordable high volume air travel

12 % Reduction relative to Comet base Concorde The cost of speed? % Engine Fuel Consumption -40% Aircraft Fuel Burn per Seat -30% Entry into Service Year So who is prepared to pay?

13 Billionaire population growth Number of billionaires Number of billionaires End 2015 =1810 Minimal impact of recession Source - Forbes Using a 6% pa growth rate.. >3200 Billionaires forecast by 2025

14 Breakdown of commercial travel by class % Seats % ASK (Available Seat Kilometers) Economy Premium Economy Business st Class % of travellers are prepared to pay a premium for enhanced.. Service / Comfort / Convenience

15 Supersonic Business Jets / Small Airliners 2 Alternative approaches: 1. Low sonic boom/supersonic overland design Supersonic overland flight requires regulation change 2. Supersonic over water/nonlow boom design Subsonic/low supersonic (M1.15) over land Source - Gulfstream Source - Aerion

Niche market (<5%) could exist for high speed travel at a price premium

16 More Speed or More Efficiency? Majority of market (95%) will demand efficiency and reduced operating costs Niche market (<5%) could exist for high speed travel at a price premium Propulsion technology development needs to support thermal and propulsive efficiency improvements A Need for Speed or a Want for Speed?

Pioneering intelligent innovation

Pioneering intelligent innovation Future Technology update Paul Madden Engine Emissions Expert 2016 Rolls-Royce plc The information in this document is the property of Rolls-Royce plc and may not be copied