Soybean Variety Selection-A soybean in no longer a soybean.

Transcription

1 Soybean Variety Selection-A soybean in no longer a soybean Dennis Lange Industry Development Specialist-Pulses

2 Topic s for Today Growth of Manitoba Acres/SK -success (Yield/ Moisture) Yield data (Varietal Difference????) Other Factors : IDC-Challenges Extend Soybeans Seed Quality (Potential Dry Seed Issues in 2018)-challenges Seed treatment and Soybean Aphids

3 MB Acre Expansion 95% of acres in % of acres in 2017

4 Seeded Acres 1,800,000 1,600,000 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000, , , , ,000 0 Manitoba Historic Soybean production 10 year Averag e 35 bu/ac 5 year Averag e 38 bu/acre Yield (bu/acre) Manitoba Soybean Yield and acres Year Source: MASC Harvest Production Report Marketshare 2016 Yield Estimated

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8 Soybeans Marketshare-2017 There is roughly 3% marketshare of all xtend lines in 2017 of all soybean lines

9 Step One Variety Selection

10 Long term Data

11 What is the similarities & differences between the Eastern and Western MB trials Location & Varieties: Western (Early-Mid Season) vs Eastern (all maturity groups tested) Eastern: registered and experimental lines Western: Only lines that will be marketed the following year Both trials are randomized and replicated MPSG/MCVET Soybean Trials

12 MPSG/MCVET Soybean Trials Manitoba Soybean Varieties Roundup Ready and X-tend lines being tested in eastern MB trials Conventional Lines tested in Eastern MB lines RR and X-tend lines tested in Western MB Trials Conventional Lines in Western MB

13 Rosebank RR Lines, lines Guard Guard EXP XRN P008T2 2R2 BARKER R2X 24-10RY NSC RIVERD ALE RR2X LEMPO R2X PRO 2525R2 LS04XT PV 12S007 R2X PS074 R2 DUGAL DO R2X Rep S008- N2 DKB TH R2Y DKB P007A9 0R GRAY R2 DOMIN GO R2X DKB PV 10S005 RR2 EXP 7RX007 LS06XT 24-12RY 0066 XR Guard Guard Guard Guard P007A9 0R LS04XT 24-12RY P008T2 2R2 LEMPO R2X 0066 XR TH R2Y EXP XRN PS074 R2 LS06XT S008- N2 Rep RY PV 12S007 R2X DKB PRO 2525R2 PV 10S005 RR2 DUGAL DO R2X NSC RIVERD ALE RR2X DOMIN GO R2X BARKE R R2X EXP 7RX007 DKB DKB GRAY R2 Guard Guard Guard DKB DUGAL DO R2X 0066 XR P007A9 0R LEMPO R2X DOMIN GO R2X 24-10RY PS074 R2 PV 10S005 RR2 DKB EXP XRN DKB Guard Guard PV 12S007 R2X LS06XT GRAY R2 LS04XT 24-12RY Rep 1 NSC RIVERD ALE RR2X BARKE R R2X TH R2Y PRO 2525R2 P008T2 2R2 EXP 7RX S008- N2 Guard

14 What do we test so many locations? # 1 we want to see how the varieties perform under various growing conditions Why are all the trials not listed in this years guide? Weather, Experimental error, Weeds, wildlife damage, etc. Sites are visited throughout the year, data is analysed in the fall and if site fails its not published.

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16 Carman LSD 9% Range above and below 100% Morris LSD 12% Range above and below 100% Mid Season Lines RR Soybeans-Eastern Manitoba Carman Morris

17 % of NSC Reston Dauphin and Hamiota LSD 9% Range above and below 100% Western Manitoba Early Season RR Soybeans Dauphin Hamiota

18 Western Data Maturity increasing

19 2017 Western Trials Location Check Variety NSC Reston RR2Y Total Entries # of lines Higher yielding Than Check # of lines Lower yielding than Check # of Lines Extend lines higher yielding than Check # of extend lines lower yielding than Check Boissevain Carberry Dauphin Hamiota Melita

20 2017 Eastern MB Trial-Core Sites Location Check Variety TH33003R2Y Total Entries # of lines Higher yielding Than Check # of lines Lower yielding than Check # of Lines Extend lines higher yielding than Check # of extend lines lower yielding than Check Carman Morris Portage St. Adolphe

21 Long Term Data- Very Early Season Eastern Check TH33003R2Y Manitoba Yield Site Variety % Years Zone Variety 1 Type Relative days to maturity Check Tested RY R2Y Very S0009-M2 R2Y NSC Watson Early RR2Y R2Y Season PS R2 R2Y Zone Nocoma R2 R2Y NSC LEROY RR2Y R2Y

22 Long Term Data-Early Season Eastern Check TH33003R2Y Manitoba Yield Site Variety % Years Zone Variety 1 Type Relative days to maturity Check Tested Bishop R2 R2Y S007-Y4 R2Y RY R2Y Early NSC RESTON RR2Y R2Y Season McLeod R2 R2Y Zone LS 002R24N R2Y PS 0035 NR2 R2Y Lono R2 R2Y Mahony R2 R2Y Notus R2 R2Y S003-L3 R2Y Torro R2 R2Y PS 0055 R2 R2Y S006-W5 R2Y LS TRI7XT R2X Barron R2X R2X S001-B1 R2Y

23 Long Term Data-Mid Season Eastern Check TH33003R2Y Yield Site Variety 1 Type % Years Relative days to maturity Check Tested 24-10RY R2Y TH 33003R2Y R2Y Akras R2 R2Y P008T22R2` R2Y NSC Richer RR2Y R2Y Currie R2 R2Y PRO 2525R2 R2Y Mid LS 003R24N R2Y DS0067Z1 R2Y Season LS Eclipse R2Y TH R2X R2X Zone TH 88007R2X R2X PV 12S007 R2X R2X DKB R2X

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25 Soybean Yield/Harvested acres 100, Average Harvested acres 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 Average Provincial Yield Yield (bu/acre) 10, NSC Warren ISIS PS 0027 No Var RY Th 32004R2Y NSC Richer RY S007-Y4 Akras Soybean Lines: OFF Patent vs Most popular grown Source: MASC: Variety analysis by Municipality Report 0

26 Southern ND Richland County Ingrid Kristjanson MAFRD

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28 A soybean is no longer soybean Extend (Dicamba Tolerant) Liberty Link Conventional Roundup Ready Future 2-4D Tolerant

29 Roundup Ready Soybeans- Sprayed with Dicamba

30 Extend Soybeans 2017 Pay close attention to droplet size, Large droplet size to reduce drift Watch wind speeds- Not less than 3 km/hr, or greater than 16 km/hr at boom height Triple rinse after spraying Dicamba tolerant Beans Know your surroundings- Avoid drift to non target crops Spray early in the growing season, Take advantage of residual control

31 Iron Deficiency Chlorosis (IDC) Interveinal leaf Yellowing Dark Green leaf veins Necrotic leaf tissue IDC symptoms usually begin as generalized yellowing but quickly change to interveinal yellowing

32 Things to keep in Mind About IDC Intensity, Timing and Longevity varies from year to year In bad years catches us unprepared!! Patient and close observation is required

33 Next Steps... Symptoms begin on the trifoliate leaves (2 nd to 3 rd Trifoliate Can it affect yield? NDSU Research IDC persisting into the 5 th and 6 th trifoliate will reduce yield.

34 Olsen Phosphorus 8 PPM The Soil Test Soybeans Spring Wheat Olsen Potassium 320 PPM Carbonates levels 5.9% High Sol. Salts 0.87 mmhos/cm

35 IDC the chemistry at work Short version - When you have wet soils with high levels of carbonates and soluble salts, the plant cannot take up the Fe it needs Fields with a carbonate level <1% and a salt level <0.3 mmhos/cm would have a low risk of iron chlorosis Fields with a carbonate level >5% and a salt level >1.0 mmhos/cm have a high risk of iron chlorosis.

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37 IDC what to do? Patience go away for a week Products ortho-ortho-eddha Fe chelate applied with water in furrow at seeding. (Goos and Lovas, unpulbished data, 2012). not with susceptible varieties!! Draw down soil nitrate levels before the soybean year Variety selection for specific fields First Step - Understanding field risk for IDC Second Step- Pick an appropriate variety for that field

38 IDC-Trial- Data from site near WPG prone to IDC 3 reps randomized over 3 weeks

39 Variety Description Table Seed MB

40 IDC Tolerant Lines- Mid Season 2017 Maturity Yield Site IDC 4 Compared % Years Rating Grouping Variety Type TH33003R2Y Check Tested (1-5) NSC Richer RR2Y R2Y T P008T22R2 R2Y T DKB R2X T DS0067Z1 R2Y T Akras R2 R2Y T DKB R2X T TH R2X R2X T HS 006RYS24 R2Y T PRO 2525R2 R2Y T

41 IDC Semi-Tolerant Lines- Mid Season 2017 Variety Type Maturity Yield Site IDC Compared % Years Rating Grouping TH33003R2 Y Check Tested (1-5) Foote R2 R2Y ST MANI R2X R2X ST Currie R2 R2Y ST BARKER R2X R2X ST TH 88005R2XN R2X ST Kosmo R2 R2Y ST 24-10RY R2Y ST LS 003R24N R2Y ST P007A90R` RR ST Gray R2 R2Y ST

42 IDC Semi-Tolerant Lines- Mid Season 2017 Variety Type Maturity Yield Site IDC 4 Compared % Years Rating Grouping TH33003R2 Y Check Tested (1-5) LS 004XT R2X ST PS 0044 XRN R2X ST TH 33003R2Y R2Y ST TH R2Y R2Y ST MARDUK R2X R2X ST NSC Starbuck R2X ST PV 12S007 R2X R2X ST DKB R2X ST 24-12RY R2Y ST NSC Gladstone R2Y ST NSC Riverside R2X ST NSC Newton R2X ST LS Eclipse R2Y ST TH 88007R2X R2X ST

43 IDC Susceptible lines- Mid Season 2017 Maturity Yield Site IDC 4 Variety Type Compared % Years Rating Grouping TH33003R2 Y Check Tested (1-5) TAMULA R2 R2Y S DUGALDO R2X R2X S DYLANO R2X R2X S LS SOLAIRE R2Y S DARIO R2X R2X S

44 Long Season IDC-Lines Maturity Yield Site IDC 4 Compared % Years Rating Grouping TH33003R2 Variety Type Y Check Tested (1-5) RX00797 R2X T LS 006XT R2X T PS 0074 R2 R2Y T LS MISTRAL R2Y T S008-N2 R2Y ST TH R2X R2X ST PV 10S005 RR2 R2Y ST DKB R2X ST DOMINGO R2X ST HYDRA R2 R2Y ST LEMPO R2X ST NSC Jordan R2Y RR2Y ST 0066 XR R2X S

45 Dry seed Issues Seed lots could be dry this year(9-10% Moisture) Hairline cracks on seed could effect vigor Ask the question of your seed dealer Reduce fan speed to help reduce seed damage Soak test on seed can give you an idea on cracks

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47 Soybean Aphids Whether you use insecticide seed treatment or not you will still need to scout fields Populations should be 250 aphids/plant and increasing Economic injury level more like 670 aphids/plant Spraying too early can kill off beneficial insects Don t spray just because your neighbours are

48 Should you Spray or Seed treat for Aphids? Since 2001 there have been 4 years where soybean aphid has had a high economic status (widespread insecticide applications) 2 year with moderate economic status (some localized insecticide applications), and including 2001 Since years where soybean aphid was at low economic status (no insecticide applications). So far, each year where soybean aphids were at high economic status has been followed by at least one year of low economic status; we have not yet had 2 consecutive years with widespread economic populations of soybean aphids. Source: Manitoba Insect Pest Reports that are prepared each year for the Western Committee on Crop Pests.

49 Should you Spray or Thetreat Math on 1000 acres of Soybeans Seed for Aphids? Since 2001 there have been 4 years Since 2001 where soybean aphid(16years) has had a high = 4 years High Aphid economic status (widespread insecticide Pressure =Sprayed $16/ acre = applications) 2 year with moderate economic status (some localized insecticide applications), and including 2001 Since Since years where soybean 2001 (16Years) = Insecticide Seed Every aphid was at low economic status (no Year=$7.00 /acre = insecticide applications). So far, each year where soybean aphids were at high economic status has been Source: Manitoba Insect Pest Reports followed by at least one year of low that are prepared each year for the economic status; we have not yet had 2 Western Committee on Crop Pests. consecutive years with widespread economic populations of soybean aphids. $64,000 $112,000

50 Soybean Variety Selection, Conclusions Choose varieties with suitable maturity for your region-use Maturity Map as guide Yields very similar with a maturity group Pay close attention to IDC Scores the lower the number the more tolerant it is to IDC Base your decisions on multiple year data-(a variety that perform well over multiples years is better than a line that only yields high at one site/one year.

51 For Further Information Dennis Lange IDS-Pulses Manitoba Agriculture