FORCE Technology. RK-Project: Effects from installations and dynamic usage on household meters.

Transcription

1 FORCE Technology RK-Project: Effects from installations and dynamic usage on household meters.

2 Content FORCE Technology GTS, RK-projects & Flowcenter DK Installation effects Dynamic usage End product Summary

3 About FORCE Technology We: are one of the leading technological service companies on the international market are independent and self-governing have a strong Scandinavian base A GTS COMPANY As a GTS company, we are dedicated to develop and use technologies and new knowledge for the benefit of Danish companies and the Danish society as a whole. Our: work is based on the most recent technological knowledge development budget is more than 26 mill. EUR We transform highly specialized engineerical knowledge into practical and productive solutions for a number of industries.

4 An international company Norway Hvalstad 8 sites Sweden Västerås 22 sites United Kingdom Hengoed Denmark Brøndby (Headquarters) 21 sites China Beijing The United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Singapore

5 FORCE Technology at a glance 50%+ 9, INTERNATIONAL TURNOVER CUSTOMERS BUSINESS AREAS UNIQUE FACILITIES More than 50% of our turnover derive from our international customers through export or foreign activities. Every year, we provide service to around 10,000 Danish and international customers, private as well as public. FORCE Technology consists of many business areas, each with a deep technical expertise, servicing the customers from the first idea through development and testing to certification and inspection. We possess one of Scandinavia's largest collections of unique facilities and laboratories that ensures e.g. testing, demonstration, and documentation of new technologies and products. 1,461 5, EMPLOYEES Dr. & ph.d. 4% Postgraduate degree 22% Other technical staff 52% Other non-technical staff 22% COURSE PARTICIPANTS IN 2016 We spread our knowledge by running more than 400 courses and events annually. Also, more than 350 companies in our network and professional societies benefit from our knowledge. NEW R&D PROJECTS IN 2016 In 2016, we launched more than 35 new research and development projects in fields that included: IoT, materials technology, bioenergy, microelectronics and sensor technologies. BUSINESS PROJECTS Our co-operation with all the Danish and several international universities ensures our customers' access to future technology and knowledge. It keeps us at the forefront of the technological development.

6 Business areas DEVELOPMENT, CONSULTANCY & SERVICES Acoustics & vibration Inspection & testing Aerodynamics & industrial processes Integrity management Applied psychology Materials & analysis Approval management Metrology ASIC turn key solutions Perception & sensory evaluation Certification Production- & process technology Education & training Sensors & measurement systems Energy, climate & environment Simulation technology Hydrodynamics Structural integrity services Ideation & feasibilty System- & management development

7 Being a GTS-institute Projects : FORCE Technology 1. Effects on flow measurement due to installations 2. Effects on flow measurement due to dynamic discharge TI 1. On site calibration with clamp-on meters

8 Installation effects Deviations in accuracy do to installation effects

9 Preliminary work Requirements Type approval: Installation effects are tested by a swirl generating flow disturbance and an asymmetric velocity generator. Dynamic discharge: All test are done with continuous flow.

10 Preliminary work In the field requirements DS439:2009 list the requirements for installations of domestic water meters. Furthermore: Most utility companies have their own guidelines.

11 Data collection Systematic categorization of fitting and installations dimensions. Collection of data points from HOFOR A/S, Fyns Fjernvarme A/S, DIN Forsyning Esbjerg and by anonymous contributions online. A total of 2352 water installations was analyzed and 301 heat meter installations.

12 Categorization of fittings

13 Results fittings Water 1. fitting up stream 2. fitting up stream TOTAL Bend Reduction Valve Filter Straight Other Bend Reduction Valve Filter Straight Other Heat 1. fitting up stream 2. fitting upstrøms TOTAL Bend Reduction Valve Filter Straight Other Bend Reduction Valve Filter Straight Other

14 Dimensional analyzes Directional flow alterations in combination with changes in pipe dimensions and material.

15 3-Dimentional categorization

16 Generalization Classification codes: XO: Long straight pipes (>10D). ZO: Obstructions with continues flow direction xpb: Pipe bends. (xpb+xpb)f: Double bend, with out altering flow direction. (xpb+xpb)r: Double bend with returning flow direction. (xpb+xpb)a: Double bend out of plane.

17 Generalization 3 installation classes Class Characteristics Codes A Ideal flow or flow without significant deviations to axial symmetrical flow. No swirl of recirculation. XO (xpb+xpb)f B C The radial velocity distribution of the axial composite is controlled by an upstream obstruction, which partially blocks for free passage. May be combined with a (weak) recirculation. The radial velocity distribution of the axial composer is controlled by a (powerful) swirl. This is primarily due to the combination of 2 bends out of plane. ZO xpb (xpb+xpb)r (xpb+xpb)a

18 Results Class Type Water Heat A XO (xpb+xpb)f (xpb+z0)f 16 *) TOTAL 373; (16%) 30;(10%) B ZO (ft: næste alle filtre) xpb = =51 (xpb+xpb)r = =14 (xpb+z0)r 40 0 TOTAL 1676 (70%) 200 (66%) C (xpb+xpb)a = =32 (xpb+z0)a 9 *) TOTAL 238 (10%) 32 (10%) Other 75 (3%) 54 (18%)

19 Measurements on fittings

20 Re = 3500 ¾ 200 l/t ½

21

22 Inside the pipe Deformation and corrosion

23 Test in installations F1: Reference F2: Bend (x15-rs) F3: Double bend (x15-rs-x4-rs) F4: Soft bend + Tee (x15-rl-rte) F5: Bend + ¾ to ½ reduction (x40-rs-ktn) At 60 l/h (Re=1400 = laminar) 350 l/h (Re=8000 = turbulent) 900 l/h (Re=21000 = turbulent)

24 Results Reference calibration at ideal conditions Test results Shift from reference to test

25 Dynamic usage

26 Previous work Do to public outcries of uncertainties in domestic water metering, this report was finalized in Take away: 1. Dynamic usage does have an influence on meter accuracy at small flowrates. But due to the small flow ranges and short discharge times the resulting inaccuracies was deemed neglectable. 2. Wrongful installations can result in high measurement inaccuracies.

27 Test on dynamic discharge - USM Test nr. Nominel flow Sequence Measurement 1 5 l/h 1 sequence/3 repetitions 2 60 l/h 1 sequence/3 repetitions l/h 1 sequence/3 repetitions l/h 1 sequence/3 repetitions 5 60 l/h 240 sequences/3 repetitions 15 sec open; 5 sec closed Weight 6,2-7,3 liter Flowrate 4,7,-4,8 l/h Weight 19,6-22,3 liter Flowrate 58,8-58,9 l/h Weight 57,4-57,9 liter Flowrate 342,9-347,3 l/h Weight 68,2-76,0 liter Flowrate 910,2-912,8 l/h Weight 64,4-67,7 liter Flowrate 64,4-67,7 l/h Batch 0,27-0,28 liter l/h l/h l/h 60 sequences/3 repetitions 10 sec open; 5 sec closed 30 sequences/3 repetitions 10 sec open; 5 sec closed 20 sequences/2 repititions 15 sec open; 5 sec closed Weight 63,5-64,7 liter Flowrate 380,7-388,1 l/h Batch 1,06-1,08 liter Weight 78,2-84,3 liter Flowrate 938,6-1011,2 l/h Batch 2,61-2,81 liter Weight 83,1-84,0 liter Flowrate 996,8-1007,8 l/t Batch 4,15-4,2 liter

28 Test on dynamic discharge - Mechanical Test nr. Nominelt flow Sekvens Afmålt 1 60 l/t 100 sequences/2 repetitions 15 sec open; 5 sec closed P1: 3,83 barg; P2: 3,5 barg Weight 21,5-21,7 ltr Flowrate 51,7-52 l/t Batch 0,22-0,22 ltr 2 40 l/t 60 sequences/2 repetitions 15 sec open; 5 sec closed P1: 1,69-2,2 barg; P2: 1,3-1,77 barg Weight 9,6-12,8 ltr Flowrate 38,3-51,0 l/t Batch 0,16-0,21 ltr Test nr. 1 2 Make 1 s/n Make 1 s/n Make 2 s/n Make 2 s/n ,6% 20,0% -3,1% -2,4% 20,3% 20,6% -5,2% -3,8% 16,5% 18,1% -2,1% 0,1% 12,2% 12,7% -0,1% 0,2%

29 European Metrology Program for Innovation and Research Project proposal. Metrology for real world domestic water metering Develop infrastructure to asses domestic water meters under dynamic load changes Metrology to asses the performance of domestic water meters under realistic operating conditions Smart monitoring at low flow ranges Create a virtual flow meter to test influence parameters.

30 End Goal - Education In corporation with the faculty at the business academies and technical schools we aim to develop educational material/guidelines for installation at upkeep of domestic water/heat meters

31 Time schedule Fall/Winter 2017 Test as many variables in our lab as possible, and analyze the data. Spring 2018 Further test and development of educational material. Summer/fall 2018 Finish tests and write final report.

32 Summary Flow meters aren t tested/approved under all real world scenarios. Installation and corrosion have a influence on accuracy. Flow disturbances due to dimension change and material change need further clarification. Dynamic load changes creates great deviations. Metrology institutes around Europe see this as a challenge that need to be addressed.

33 Thanks for your time. Questions? By Erik Jensen and Johan Bunde Kondrup Further information at forcetechnology.com