Noxon Rapids Reactor Project. Scott Wilson June 9, 2016 Tracy Rolstad

Transcription

1 Noxon Rapids Reactor Project Scott Wilson June 9, 2016 Tracy Rolstad

2 Voltage Performance at Noxon (ALIS) MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar NOXON Bus: NOXON (48281) Nom kv: Area: NORTHWEST (40) Zone: AVA: Coeur D'Alene (441) NOXON34 ID 3 ID 4 CKT tap 0.0 MW 0.0 Mvar 0.0 MVA NOXON12 ID 1 ID 2 CKT tap 0.0 MW 0.0 Mvar 0.0 MVA NOXON 5 CKT 1 ID tap 0.0 MW 0.0 Mvar 0.0 MVA pu KV Deg Not Valid $/MWh 33.8 MW 3.8 Mvar 34.0 MVA 59.1 MW -9.0 Mvar 59.8 MVA 73.8 MW 10.9 Mvar 74.6 MVA 27.5 MW -6.4 Mvar 28.2 MVA 32.7 MW 4.6 Mvar 33.0 MVA 53.8 MW -3.9 Mvar 53.9 MVA System State CKT 2 HOT SPR pu KV HOT SPR DIXON MV TROUT CR LAKESD F PLACID LAKE CKT 1 LANCASTR pu KV BELLAN RATHDRUM BOULDER LANCAS G LANCAS S CKT 1 LIBBY pu KV HASKILL LIB PH LIB PH LIBBY CKT 1 CAB GORG pu KV LAKEVIEW CAB GORG CABGOR CABGOR CKT 1 NOXONCON TROUT CR HOT SPR pu KV HOT SPR DIXON MV LAKESD F NOXON PLACID LAKE CKT 1 PINE CRK pu KV BENEWAH PINE CRK PINECRKX 48316

3 Voltage Performance at Noxon (HS Rx) MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar NOXON Bus: NOXON (48281) Nom kv: Area: NORTHWEST (40) Zone: AVA: Coeur D'Alene (441) pu KV Deg Not Valid $/MWh 34.2 MW -2.0 Mvar 34.2 MVA NOXON34 ID 3 ID 4 CKT MW -6.2 Mvar 59.6 MVA tap 0.0 MW 0.0 Mvar 0.0 MVA 73.8 MW 12.8 Mvar 74.9 MVA NOXON12 ID 1 ID 2 CKT MW -2.9 Mvar 27.8 MVA tap 0.0 MW 0.0 Mvar 0.0 MVA 33.0 MW -1.2 Mvar 33.0 MVA NOXON 5 CKT 1 ID tap 0.0 MW 0.0 Mvar 0.0 MVA 54.1 MW -0.5 Mvar 54.1 MVA System State CKT 2 HOT SPR pu KV HOT SPR DIXON MV TROUT CR LAKESD F PLACID LAKE CKT 1 LANCASTR pu KV BELLAN RATHDRUM BOULDER LANCAS G LANCAS S CKT 1 LIBBY pu KV HASKILL LIB PH LIB PH LIBBY CKT 1 CAB GORG pu KV LAKEVIEW CAB GORG CABGOR CABGOR CKT 1 NOXONCON TROUT CR HOT SPR pu KV HOT SPR DIXON MV LAKESD F NOXON PLACID LAKE CKT 1 PINE CRK pu KV BENEWAH PINE CRK PINECRKX 48316

4 Charging Susceptance & Elegance of pu Noxon Capabilities Line B (Charging Susceptance) B*Sbase Distance (miles) Noxon Hot Springs # MVAr Noxon Hot Springs # MVAr Noxon Lancaster MVAr Noxon Libby MVAr Noxon Cabinet Gorge MVAr (47.20) Noxon Pine Creek MVAr Totals MVAr 343

5 Noxon Voltage Profile High Generation Usually Spring Runoff Lower Voltage Closer to Nominal

6 Voltage Control Condense 2 Generators at Noxon HED Currently not enough VAR capability (50MVAR max) to control voltage as needed; Significant plant alternations required to increase capability When condensing ~2-3 MW s per unit are consumed in losses; Condensing 4,000 hours per year could cost ~$1M/year (assumes $50/MWH)

7 Equipment Ratings HV Breakers Rated Maximum Voltage RMV is highest rms voltage designed to operate ANSI C37.06: 242kV became 245kV in 2000 HV Switches Rated Maximum Voltage ANSI C37.32: 242kV became 245kV in 2002 Transformers Rated Winding Voltage Overvoltage capability within certain limits

8 Breaker Issues No overvoltage operation provisions in standards Manufacturers support < rating Certified test data availability at higher voltages Cap/Reactor Switching, Short Circuit, SLF Failure to interrupt scenario disastrous

9 Possible Solutions Renameplate Test data limitations retesting MEPPI option of 253kV Older oil breakers 242kV and no longer made Next larger breaker class Class separation issue

10 ANSI/IEEE (IEC) Standard Ratings 123kV 145kV very similar/same as 123kV 170kV 245kV 362kV 550kV 800kV

11 Transmission Operations Requirements 2 50MVAR, 245kV, 121A Switched Reactor Banks 2kV reduction per bank for control

12 Types of Reactors Oil-immersed, Iron Core Oil cooled, similar to power transformer Bushings, gauges, sudden pressure, etc Magnetic field within tank Dry-type, Air Core Air cooled Simple, lightweight construction Magnetic field in air

13 Reactor Decision Dry-type, Air Core No oil, so no environmental concerns or containment needed (river proximity) Reduced fire hazard Reduced maintenance

14 Trench - Toronto 4 coils in series per phase 2 stacks of 2 coils Aluminum windings Epoxy fiberglass resin covering 210kW losses per bank vs. 2-3MW

15 Impulse Testing

16 Design Issues Reactor Loads 29,282 lbs operational weight Seismic Base Shear: 5.25 kips (17.5% W) Seismic Overturning: k-ft Frost Heave/Settling Magnetic Field Rebar: No closed conductive loops Foundation Options: Individual Pad: 11.5 yards of concrete ea (or 69 yards total) Matt Foundation: yards

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18 Foundation Design 10 x 10 footing x 3 deep Below frost depth Resist overturning Fiberglass Rebar (FRP) Anchor Bolt Template 48 anchor bolts per reactor Have to be exactly located

19 Anchor Bolt Template

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22 Non-Magnetic Fence

23 Air Core Reactor Protection IEEE Std. C (2006) The following two basic shunt reactor configurations are considered: a) Dry-type, connected ungrounded wye to the impedance-grounded tertiary of a power/auto transformer b) Oil-immersed, wye-connected, with a solidly-grounded or impedance-grounded neutral, connected to the transmission system Our installation = NEITHER!

24 Air Core Reactor Bank Protection - REF CT REF Reactor Bank #1 CT

25 Air Core Reactor Bank Protection the Hard Fault! CT 67N Turn-to-Turn Reactor Bank #1 CT

26 Air Core Reactor Bank Protection Challenges & Solutions First installation of REF protection at Avista First use of 1 Amp (A) Relays at Avista With 5A CT s Required extensive performance analysis of CTs 1A Relays needed for sensitivity Challenge of detecting Turn-to-Turn Faults in air-core reactors Not many references in the industry

27 Breaker Considerations

28 Device Requirements GCB s capable of short circuit and reactor switching requirements Special circuit switcher considered but still required breaker for fault current 245kV, 3000A, 40kA Reactor switching requirements outside of C37.06 & C37.09 standards

29 Reactor Switching Considerations Closing operations High current peaks due to large inductive (3H) component (X/R = 313 vs. 17) Opening operations Current chopping due to small current creating large voltage transients (V = L*di/dt)

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32 Solutions Closing Independent pole operation (IPO) with synchronous closing control Opening Independent pole operation (IPO) with synchronous opening control Arresters

33 GCB Selection Process Only experience with MEPPI using sync control and IPO for capacitor switching at 115 & 230kV Siemens approved alternate for line breakers has breaker with IPO and sync controller IEEE Guide for Reactor Switching C37.015

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39 Result Before Reactor 3/15/16 After Reactors 3/16/16

40 GIC Instrumentation NERC Requirement Recently engineered here for our large XFMR s Support to System Planning No fear of damage to reactor since air core

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42 Scott Wilson Substation Apparatus Engineer Tracy Rolstad Sr. Power System Consultant