Steel Foundation Solutions for Projects

Transcription

1 Steel Foundation Solutions for Projects Steel Sheet Piling General Catalogue nd edition

2

3 Steel Foundation Solutions for Projects Steel Sheet Piling General Catalogue nd edition

4 4

5 Contents Deepwater port, Northport, New Zealand Introduction 6 Z-Sections 8 U-Sections 14 AS 500 straight web sections 22 Box piles 26 Jagged wall 30 Combined wall 32 Driving caps 38 HP piles 40 Durabilit of steel sheet piles 41 Watertightness 44 Deliver conditions 45 Documentation 48

6 Introduction ArcelorMittal Commercial RPS is the sales and marketing compan for steel sheet piles and bearing piles produced b ArcelorMittal Belval & Differdange (formerl known as ProfilArbed). ArcelorMittal s mills in Belval and Differdange are the world s main producers of sheet and bearing piles and have been plaing a leading role in the development of piling technolog for nearl 100 ears. The first steel sheet piles were rolled in 1911 and 1912: the Ransome and Terre Rouge piles. Since then the production programme of ArcelorMittal s mill in Belval, Luxembourg has undergone constant improvement and development to include U- and Z-piles with widths of up to 750 mm (AU) and 700 to 770 mm (AZ-700, AZ-770). ArcelorMittal s piling series are especiall suitable for building, reliable structures rapidl and cost effectivel. The are characterised b excellent section to weight ratios and high moments of inertia. Sheet piles are used worldwide for the construction of quas and harbours, locks and breakwaters, and for bank reinforcement on rivers and canals. Other applications are the protection of excavations on land and in water and excavation works for bridge abutments, retaining walls, foundation structures, etc. Following the high demand for steel sheet piles, ArcelorMittal s mill in Rodange, Luxembourg started rolling steel sheet piles in Following the merger with Mittal Steel, ArcelorMittal Commercial RPS is now also selling the U-piles produced b Dabrowa, Poland (formerl, Huta Katowice). ArcelorMittal is the world s largest producer of hot-rolled steel sheet piles. Our Technical and Marketing Department offers comprehensive services throughout the world with customised support to all involved in the design, specification and installation of sheet and bearing piles, e.g. consulting engineers, architects, regional authorities, contractors, academics and their students. Belval steel works, Luxemburg, 1930s Port of Calais, France Sheet pile catalogues, 1910s 6 / Introduction Mariakerke jett extension, Ostend, Belgium

7 In-house design team Services provided free of charge b the ArcelorMittal Commercial RPS in-house design team: - Preliminar designs of complete solutions including anchorage and waling sstems. - Elaboration of la-out drawings and working drawings (driving plans). - Assistance and recommendations on pile installation methods and driving equipment. Please note that the legal responsibilit for the final structure remains with the owner. Feasibilit studies AZ 48 - L = mm AZ 48 - L = mm AZ 48 - L = mm Anchor Walls: AZ 18 - L = 8000 mm Preliminar designs AZ 48 - L = mm Sheet pile installation drawings Solutions for execution details Complete solutions including sheet pile walls, anchors, corner laouts and special piles. Introduction / 7

8 Z-Sections The essential characteristics of Z-sections are the continuous form of the web and the location of the interlock smmetricall on each side of the neutral axis. Both aspects have a positive influence on the section. The AZ series, a section with extraordinar characteristics and the proven qualities of the Larssen interlock, has the following advantages: Extremel competitive section--to-mass ratio. Increased inertia for reduced deflection. Large width, resulting in good installation performance. Good corrosion resistance, the steel being thickest at the critical corrosion points. Section Width Height Thickness Sectional area Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Static moment Plastic section Class b mm h mm t mm s mm cm 2 /m kg/m of single pile kg/m 2 of wall cm 4 /m cm 3 /m cm 3 /m cm 3 /m S 240 GP S 270 GP S 320 GP S 355 GP S 390 GP S 430 GP S 460 AP AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ For minimum steel thickness of 10 mm AZ 13 10/ AZ 18 10/ AZ-700 and AZ-770 AZ AZ AZ AZ / AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ / Z-Sections Classification according to EN Class 1 is obtained b verification of the rotation capacit for a class-2 cross-section. A set of tables with all the data required for design in accordance with EN is available from our Technical Department. Steel grade S 460 AP following specifications of the mill is available on request.

9 Section S = Single pile D = Double pile Sectional area Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Radius of gration Coating area cm 2 kg/m cm 4 cm 3 cm m 2 /m AZ 12 Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S Per D ~348 Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ 19 Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S Per D ~347 Per m of wall AZ Per S s ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ 28 h Per S s b t t ~ b Per D Per m of wall AZ h Per S t Per D s 71.5 ~387 b b Per m of wall h AZ 48 Per S b b Per D ~387 Per m of wall AZ 50 Per S Per D ~387 Per m of wall One side, excluding inside of interlocks. Z-Sections / 9 483

10 Section S = Single pile D = Double pile Sectional area cm 2 Mass kg/m Moment of inertia cm 4 Elastic section cm 3 Radius of gration cm Coating area m 2 /m For minimum steel thickness of 10 mm AZ 13 10/ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ 18 10/ Per S Per D ~348 Per m of wall AZ-770 AZ Per S Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ / Per S ~ One side, excluding inside of interlocks. Blankenberg Pier, Belgium 345 Per D Per m of wall / Z-Sections

11 Section S = Single pile D = Double pile Sectional area cm 2 Mass kg/m Moment of inertia cm 4 Elastic section cm 3 Radius of gration cm Coating area m 2 /m AZ-700 AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ Per D Per m of wall AZ Per S ~ One side, excluding inside of interlocks. 501 Per D Per m of wall Z-Sections / 11

12 Interlock AZ Larssen interlock in accordance with EN All available AZ sheet piles can be interlocked. Theoretical interlock swing: α max = 5. α α Deliver form Single Pile Position A Single Pile Position B Double Pile Form I standard Double Pile Form II on request β 2β β β 2β β β 2β β Bent piles 2β Maximum bending angle: β = 25. Z-piles are bent in the middle of the web. The are generall β delivered as single β piles. Double piles are available upon request. β 2β β β 2β β Corner sections C 9 Mass ~ 9.3 kg/m C 14 Mass ~ 14.4 kg/m DELTA 13 Mass ~ 13.1 kg/m OMEGA 18 Mass ~ 18.0 kg/m - - Special corner sections interlocking with Z-sections make it possible to form corner or junction piles without using fabricated special piles. Corner sections are fixed to the sheet pile in accordance with EN Different welding specifications are available on request. The corner sections are threaded and welded with a 200 mm setback from the top of the piles. Corner and junction piles The following special piles, among others, are available as single and double piles on request / Z-Sections

13 Crimping Threaded AZ double piles are recommended for facilitating the installation process. AZ double piles are not crimped for statical reasons. However, due to customer demand, most of our AZ piles are crimped according to our standard specification, for the following reasons: Pile length < 6 m: 3 crimping points per 1.8 m = 1.7 crimping points per m Pile length 6 m: 6 crimping points per 3.6 m = 1.7 crimping points per m - Single piles easil bend around the weak axis under driving. - Faster installation progress with double piles. 3 crimping points 6 crimping points < < Amount and laout of crimping points ma differ at both ends. Special crimping on request Tie back sstem Most sheet pile retaining walls need supplementar support at the top, in addition to embedment in the soil. Temporar cofferdams generall use waler and strut bracing inside the excavation. Permanent or large retaining walls are often tied back to an anchor wall installed a certain distance behind the main wall. Other anchor sstems, like injection anchors or anchor piles, can also be used. The drawing shows a tpical horizontal tie-rod connection for sheet pile walls. The following components can be seen: Plain tie-rod 7 Waling 2 Upset end tie-rod 8 Spacer 3 Nut 9 Supporting bracket 4 Turnbuckle 10 Splicing plate 5 Bearing plate 11 Splicing bolt 6 Bearing plate 12 Fixing bolt on concrete Fixing plate Z-Sections / 13

14 U-Sections The advantages of U-sections are multiple: A wide range of sections forming several series with various geometrical characteristics, allowing a technicall and economicall optimum choice for each specific project. Combination of great profile depth with large flange thickness giving excellent statical properties. The smmetrical form of the single element has made these sheet piles particularl convenient for re-use. The possibilit of assembling and crimping the piles into pairs at the mill improves installation qualit and performance. Eas fixing of tie-rods and swivelling attachments, even under water. Good corrosion resistance, the steel being thickest at the critical corrosion points. Section Width Height Thickness Sectional area Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Static moment Plastic section Class b mm h mm t mm s mm cm 2 /m kg/m of kg/m 2 single pile of wall cm 4 /m cm 3 /m cm 3 /m cm 3 /m S 240 GP S 270 GP S 320 GP S 355 GP S 390 GP S 430 GP S 460 AP AU sections AU AU AU AU AU AU AU AU AU PU sections PU PU 12 10/ PU PU PU PU PU PU PU PU-R sections PU 8R PU 9R PU 10R PU 11R PU 13R PU 14R PU 15R / U-Sections

15 Section Width Height Thickness Sectional area Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Static moment Plastic section Class b mm h mm t mm s mm cm 2 /m kg/m of single pile kg/m 2 of wall cm 4 /m cm 3 /m cm 3 /m cm 3 /m S 240 GP S 270 GP S 320 GP S 355 GP S 390 GP S 430 GP GU sections GU 6N GU 7N GU 7S GU 8N GU GU GU GU GU The moment of inertia and section moduli values given assume correct shear transfer across the interlock. Classification according to EN Class 1 is obtained b verification of the rotation capacit for a class 2 cross-section. A set of tables with all the data required for design in accordance with EN is available from our Technical Department. All PU sections can be rolled-up or -down b 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm. Other sections on request. Characteristics AU sections A weight reduction of about 10% compared to the 600-mm PU series has been achieved b optimising the geometric dimensions. The increased width allows faster installation, reduces the amount of coating required, due to the smaller perimeter, and increases watertightness thanks to fewer interlocks per metre of wall. Despite their greater width, the driving energ required for AU piles is no higher, thanks to their smooth and open shape and the patented radii at the web/flange connection. Characteristics PU sections Equipped with reinforced shoulders, the new PU 18, PU 22 and PU 28 are the optimum choice for hard driving conditions and as a profile suitable for multiple re-use. Characteristics PU-R sections The new PU-R sections are produced at ArcelorMittal s rolling mill in Rodange, Luxembourg. The portfolio comprises new PU-R sections designed to replace the former PU 6, PU 8 and PU 12 sheet piles Characteristics GU sections ArcelorMittal s rolling mill in Dabrowa, Poland, formerl known as Huta Katowice, produces three basic tpes of hot-rolled U-shaped steel sheet piles conforming to the existing European standards. Former names: G61 and G62. New names: GU and GU New sections: GU-N / GU-S U-Sections / 15

16 Section S = Single pile D = Double pile T = Triple pile Sectional area cm 2 Mass kg/m Moment of inertia cm 4 Elastic section cm 3 Radius of gration cm Coating area m 2 /m AU sections AU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall AU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall AU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall AU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall AU 20 Per S '' Per D Per T Per m of wall AU 21 Per S '' ~336 ~ ' 1500 ' ' ' '' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall AU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall AU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall AU 26 Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall One side, excluding inside of interlocks. 16 / U-Sections

17 Sectionme S = Single pile D = Double pile T = Triple pile Sectional area cm 2 Mass kg/m Moment of inertia cm 4 Elastic section cm 3 Radius of gration cm Coating area m 2 /m PU sections PU Per S '' ' ' ~ '' Per D Per T Per m of wall PU 12 10/ Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall PU 18-1 Per S Per D Per T Per m of wall PU 18 Per S Per D Per T Per m of wall PU Per S ' ' Per D '' '' ~ Per T Per m of wall PU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall PU Per S ' ' Per D '' '' ~ Per T Per m of wall PU Per S ' ' Per D '' '' ~ Per T Per m of wall PU 32 Per S ' ' Per D '' '' ~ Per T Per m of wall One side, excluding inside of interlocks. U-Sections / 17

18 Section S = Single pile D = Double pile T = Triple pile Sectional area cm 2 Mass kg/m Moment of inertia cm 4 Elastic section cm 3 Radius of gration cm Coating area m 2 /m PU-R sections PU 8R 49.5 Per S ' ' Per D '' 84.5 ~323 '' 28.2 Per T Per m of wall PU 9R Per S '' ~ ' ' Per D '' 34.3 Per T Per m of wall PU 10R Per S '' ~ ' ' Per D '' 35.3 Per T Per m of wall PU 11R Per S ' ' Per D '' '' ~ Per T Per m of wall PU 13R Per S ' ' Per D '' '' ~ Per T Per m of wall PU 14R Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall PU 15R Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall One side, excluding inside of interlocks. 18 / U-Sections

19 Section S = Single pile D = Double pile T = Triple pile Sectional area cm 2 Mass kg/m Moment of inertia cm 4 Elastic section cm 3 Radius of gration cm Coating area m 2 /m GU sections GU 6N GU 6N Per S '' ' ' Per D '' ~ Per T GU 7N 1200 Per m of wall GU 7N Per S '' ' ' Per D '' ~ Per T GU 7S 1200 Per m of wall GU 7S Per S '' ' ' Per D '' ~ Per T GU 8N 1200 Per m of wall GU 8N Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall GU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall GU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall GU Per S '' ~ ' ' '' Per D Per T Per m of wall GU Per S '' ' ' Per D '' ~ Per T Per m of wall GU Per S ' ' Per D '' '' ~ Per T Per m of wall One side, excluding inside of interlocks. U-Sections / 19

20 Interlock All AU, PU, PU-R and GU sheet piles feature Larssen interlocks in accordance with EN AU, PU and PU-R sheet piles can be interlocked with each other. Theoretical interlock swing: max = 5 α α Deliver form Single Pile Double Pile Standard: S-Form Double Pile Z-Form on request Triple Pile Bent piles Maximum bending angle: = 25. U-piles are bent in the middle of the flange. The are generall delivered as single piles. Double piles are available upon request. β 2β β β 2β β Corner sections C 9 Mass ~ 9.3 kg/m C 14 Mass ~ 14.4 kg/m DELTA 13 Mass ~ 13.1 kg/m OMEGA 18 Mass ~ 18.0 kg/m - - Special corner sections interlocking with U-sections make it possible to form corner or junction piles without using fabricated special piles. Corner sections are fixed to the sheet pile in accordance with EN Different welding specifications are available on request. The corner sections are threaded and welded with a 200 mm setback from the top of the piles. Fabricated piles, corner and junction piles On request, arrangements can be made for widened or narrowed fabricated piles. The following special piles, among others, are available on request as single and double piles Narrowed pile Widened pile <b >b / U-Sections

21 Crimping Contrar to Z-piles, the interlocks of U-piles have to transmit shear forces. To guarantee proper shear force transmisson, the interlocks of ArcelorMittal s U-sections delivered as double piles can be fixed b crimping according to our standard specification. For AU, PU and PU-R sheet piles, the allowable shear force per crimping point is 75 kn at a displacement of up to 5 mm. Depending on the section and steel grade, higher values can be achieved. The theoretical section of non-crimped double piles must be reduced. Please consult our Technical Department for further information. AU standard crimping: PU/GU/PU-R standard crimping: 3 crimping points per 0.75 m 6 crimping points per 1.7 m = 4 crimping points per m = 3.5 crimping points per m 3 crimping points 6 crimping points < < Amount and laout of crimping points ma differ at both ends. Special crimping on request. Tie back sstem Most sheet pile retaining walls need supplementar support at the top, in addition to embedment in the soil. Temporar cofferdams generall use walers and struts for cross-bracing inside the excavation. Permanent or large retaining walls are often tied back to an anchor wall installed a certain distance behind the main wall. Injection anchors and anchor piles can also be used. The drawing shows a tpical horizontal tie-rod connection for U-section sheet pile walls Plain tie-rod 2 Upset end tie-rod 3 Nut 4 Turnbuckle 5 Coupling sleeve 6 Bearing plate 7 Bearing plate on concrete 8 Waling 9 Spacer 10 Supporting bracket 11 Splicing plate 12 Splicing bolt 13 Fixing bolt 14 Fixing plate 15 Fixing plate U-Sections / 21

22 AS 500 straight web sections AS 500 straight web sheet piles are designed to form closed clindrical structures retaining a soil fill. The stabilit of the cells consisting of a steel envelope and an internal bod of soil is guaranteed b their own weight. Straight web sheet piles are mostl used on projects where rock laers are close to ground level or where anchoring would be difficult or impossible. Straight web sheet pile structures are made of circular cells or diaphragm cells, depending on the site characteristics or the particular requirements of the project. The forces developing in these sheet pile sections are essentiall horizontal tensile forces requiring an interlock strength corresponding to the horizontal force in the web of the pile. AS 500 interlocks compl with EN Please refer to our brochure Straight web sheet piles for further details. Section Nominal width b mm Web thickness t mm Deviation angle 2) δ Perimeter (single pile) cm Steel section (single pile) cm 2 Mass (single pile) kg/m Mass per m 2 of wall kg/m 2 Moment of inertia (single pile) cm 4 Section (single pile) cm 3 Coating area 3) m 2 /m AS AS AS AS AS The effective width to be taken into account for design purposes (la-out) is 503 mm for all AS 500 sheet piles. 2) Max. deviation angle 4.0 for pile length > 20 m. 3) One side, excluding inside of interlocks. General cargo berth, Bal Haf, Yemen The following interlock strengths can be achieved for an S 355 GP steel grade: Bridge construction, South Korea Section F max [kn/m] AS AS AS AS AS For verification of the strength of piles, both ielding of the web and failure of the interlock should be considered. 22 / AS 500

23 Junction piles and bent piles Junction piles that join circular cells and intermediar arcs can be provided. Bent piles are pre-bent at the mill. If the deviation angle exceeds 4.5 (4.0 if L > 20 m), bent piles can be used to set up structures with small radii. β CI β CP Tpes of cells Circular cells with 35 junction piles and one or two connecting arcs. Diaphragm cells with 120 junction piles. Berthing facilit, Canada Lock, Arkansas, USA Circular cell construction 1. Installation of template 2. Threading until cell closure 3. Driving AS 500 / 23

24 Equivalent width The equivalent width we which is required for stabilit verification determines the geometr of the chosen cellular construction. Circular circular cell with cell 2 with arcs 2 arcs Development for circular cells The equivalent width w e is defined as: w e = Area within 1 cell + Area within 2 (or arc(s) Sstem length x The ratio R a indicates how economical the chosen circular cell will be. It is defined as follows R a = Development 1 cell + Development 2 (or arc(s) Sstem length x for diaphragm cells The equivalent width w e is defined as: w e = diaphragm wall length (dl) + 2 c r 60 x = r Sstem length x dl c we c Equivalent width we Circular circular cell with cell 1 arc with 1 arc Equivalent width we Sstem length x Sstem length x Area Geometr of circular cells Once the equivalent width has been determined, the geometr of the cells can be defined. This can be done with the help of tables or with computer programs. w e α α d Junction piles with angles θ between 30 and 45, as well as θ = 90, are available on request. N ra β x M θ S S L L rm S S M θ = 35 Standard solution b/2 Description: Standard solution rm = radius of the main cell ra = radius of the connecting arcs θ = angle between the main cell and the connecting arc x = sstem length d = positive or negative offset between the connecting arcs and the tangent planes of the main cells we = equivalent width The table below shows a short selection of circular cells with 2 arcs and standard junction piles with θ = 35. b/2 b/2 Nb. of piles per Geometrical values Interlock deviation Design values Cell Arc Sstem Cell Arc 2 Arcs pcs. L pcs. M pcs. S pcs. N pcs. pcs. d = 2 r m m r a m x m d m α β δ m δ a w e m R a / AS 500

25 Geometr of diaphragm cells Standard solution c d 60 M θ 150 θ = 120 r w e N dl c x = r r θ we d dl x c = radius = angle between the arc and the diaphragm = equivalent width, with we = dl+2 c = arc height = diaphragm wall length = sstem length = equivalent arc height Tugboat berth, Panama Canal, Panama Marina breakwater, Costa Rica Geometr diaphragm wall Geometr arc Number of piles Wall length Number of piles Radius Sstem length Arc height Equivalent arc height Interlock deviation N pcs. dl m M pcs. x=r m d m c m δ a AS 500 / 25

26 Box piles z z z z h h h h z b Z box pile z b Double U box pile z b Triple U box pile z b Quadruple U box pile Section b h Perimeter Sectional area CAZ box piles Total section mm mm cm cm 2 cm 2 kg/m Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section - cm 4 z-z cm 4 - cm 3 Min. radius of gration Coating area 2) z-z cm 3 cm m 2 /m CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ / CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ CAZ / Box piles The mass of the welds is not taken into account. 2) Outside surface, excluding inside of interlocks.

27 Section b h Perimeter Sectional area CAU double box piles Total section mm mm cm cm 2 cm 2 kg/m Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section - cm 4 z-z cm 4 - cm 3 Min. radius of gration Coating area 2) z-z cm 3 cm m 2 /m CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CU double box piles CU CU 12 10/ CU CU CU CU CPU-R double box piles CPU 8R CPU 9R CPU 10R CPU 11R CPU 13R CPU 14R CPU 15R CGU double box piles CGU 6N CGU 7N CGU 7S CGU 8N CGU CGU CGU CGU CGU The mass of the welds is not taken into account. 2) Outside surface, excluding inside of interlocks. Box piles / 27

28 Section b h Perimeter Sectional area Total section Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Min. radius of gration Coating area 2) mm mm cm cm 2 cm 2 kg/m - cm 4 z-z cm 4 - cm 3 z-z cm 3 cm m 2 /m CAU triple box piles CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CU triple box piles CU CU 12 10/ CU CU CU CU CPU-R triple box piles CPU 8R CPU 9R CPU 10R CPU 11R CPU 13R CPU 14R CPU 15R The mass of the welds is not taken into account. 2) Outside surface, excluding inside of interlocks. Rheinhafen Neuss, German 28 / Box piles

29 Section b h Perimeter Sectional area Total section Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Min. radius of gration Coating area 2) mm mm cm cm 2 cm 2 kg/m - cm 4 z-z cm 4 - cm 3 z-z cm 3 cm m 2 /m CAU quadruple box piles CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CAU CU quadruple box piles CU CU 12 10/ CU CU CU CU CPU-R quadruple box piles CPU 8R CPU 9R CPU 10R CPU 11R CPU 13R CPU 14R CPU 15R The mass of the welds is not taken into account. 2) Outside surface, excluding inside of interlocks. Changxin dr dock, Shanghai, China Box piles / 29

30 Jagged wall AZ jagged wall h AZ sections threaded in reverse ma form arrangements for special applications. The jagged wall arrangement represents a ver economical solution for sealing screens (reduced height, reliable thickness, low driving resistance). b Section b h Sectional area Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Coating area mm mm cm 2 /m kg/m 2 cm 4 /m cm 3 /m m 2 /m 2 AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ 13 10/ AZ 18 10/ AZ AZ AZ AZ / AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ / Jagged wall One side, excluding inside of interlocks

31 U jagged wall h 90 driving element 90 (no contribution to the section of the jagged wall) or b an appropriatel designed weld (full contribution to the section ). For walls with an anchorage or strut sstem, stiffeners have to be provided at the support levels. b OMEGA 18 An arrangement of U-sheet piles forming a jagged wall offers economic solutions where high inertia and section are needed. The final choice of section has to include drivabilit criteria. The statical values given below assume the solidarisation of the driving element, i.e. double pile. The OMEGA 18 section is normall threaded and welded at the mill, either b tack weld Section b h Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Static Moment without Omega 18 with Omega 18 without Omega 18 with Omega 18 without Omega 18 with Omega 18 mm mm kg/m 2 cm 4 /m cm 4 /m cm 3 /m cm 3 /m cm 3 /m cm 3 /m AU jagged wall AU AU AU AU AU AU AU AU AU PU jagged wall PU PU 12 10/ PU PU PU PU PU-R jagged wall PU 8R PU 9R PU 10R PU 11R PU 13R PU 14R PU 15R The moment of inertia and elastic section moduli assume correct shear force transfer across the interlock on the neutral axis. Jagged wall / 31

32 Combined wall Steel sheet piles can easil be combined to form special arrangements, the so-called combined walls, to create sstems with great resistance to bending: Sheet pile walls reinforced with integrated box piles. Combined walls: box piles / sheet piles, HZM king piles / sheet piles, or tubular king piles / sheet piles. The primar piles or king piles of combined walls also work as bearing piles taking important vertical loads, e.g. crane loads. The intermediar sheet piles act as soil-retaining and load-transferring elements. Equivalent elastic section The equivalent elastic section Wss per linear metre of combined wall is based on the assumption that the deflections of king piles and intermediar steel sheet piles are the same, leading to the following formulas: I ss = I king pile + I ssp b ss W ss = W king pile b ss x I king pile + I ssp I king pile b ss I ss cm 4 /m : Moment of inertia of combined wall W ss cm 3 /m : Elastic section of combined wall AZ sheet pile I king pile cm 4 : Moment of inertia of king pile I ssp cm 4 : Moment of inertia of intermediar sheet pile W king pile cm 3 : Elastic section of king pile CAZ box pile b ss m : Sstem width CAZ box piles AZ sheet piles Section Sstem width b ss Mass 100 Mass 60 Moment of inertia I ss Elastic section W ss mm kg/m 2 kg/m 2 cm 4 /m cm 3 /m CAZ 13 / AZ CAZ 18 / AZ CAZ 18 / AZ CAZ 26 / AZ CAZ 26 / AZ CAZ 48 / AZ CAZ 48 / AZ CAZ / AZ CAZ / AZ CAZ / AZ CAZ / AZ CAZ / AZ CAZ / AZ CAZ / AZ Mass 100 : L AZ = 100% L box pile ; Mass 60 : L AZ = 60% L box pile 32 / Combined wall

33 U box piles U sheet piles Tpe of reinforcement: - Heightwise: full or partial height. - Lengthwise: total length 1/1 or partial length 1/2, 1/3, 1/4. Please contact our Technical Department for other combinations (e.g. 2/4). 1/1 1/2 1/3 1/4 Section 1 / 1 1 / 2 1 / 3 1 / 4 Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section kg/m 2 cm 4 /m cm 3 /m kg/m 2 cm 4 /m cm 3 /m kg/m 2 cm 4 /m cm 3 /m kg/m 2 cm 4 /m cm 3 /m AU box piles / AU sheet piles AU AU AU AU AU AU AU AU AU PU box piles / PU sheet piles PU PU 12 10/ PU PU PU PU PU-R box piles / PU-R sheet piles PU 8R PU 9R PU 10R PU 11R PU 13R PU 14R PU 15R GU box piles / GU sheet piles GU 6N GU 7N GU 7S GU 8N GU GU GU GU GU Combined wall / 33

34 HZM / AZ Sstem The revolutionar HZM/AZ wall is an extremel economical combined wall sstem launched in 2008 to replace the former HZ/AZ sstem, and consists of: HZM king piles. A pair of AZ sheet piles as intermediar elements. Special connectors (RH, RZD, RZU). The HZM king piles, with milled grooves on the flanges and thicknesses up to 40 mm, fulfill two different structural functions: Retaining members for soil and hdrostatic pressures. Bearing piles for vertical loads. The combinations are based on the same principle: structural supports comprising 1 or 2 HZM king pile sections alternating with or without intermediar double AZ sheet pile sections. The intermediar sheet piles have a soil-retaining and load-transferring function and are generall shorter than the HZM king piles. Depending on the combinations and steel grades adopted, the achievable bending moment capacit lies above knm/m (Wx of cm 3 /m). h h 1 r b s t AZ b ss RZD RZU HZM Section (Sol. 102) Dimensions Sectional area Mass Moment of inertia Elastic section Coating area Connectors h mm h 1 mm b mm t max mm t mm s mm r mm cm 2 kg/m - cm 4 - cm 3 m 2 /m HZ 880M A A HZ 880M B A HZ 880M C A HZ 1080M A A HZ 1080M B A HZ 1080M C A HZ 1080M D A HZ 1180M A A HZ 1180M B A HZ 1180M C B HZ 1180M D B Connectors RH RZD A RZU RH RZD B RZU Taipei Port, Taiwan 34 / Combined wall

35 The outstanding feature of the HZM/AZ combined wall sstem is the extensive range of possible combinations using the entire AZ sheet pile offer, including the latest wide AZ-700 range, as well as all rolled-up and rolleddown AZ sections. The table below contains but a small sample of the available sstems. Please refer to our brochure The HZM Steel Wall Sstem 2008 for detailed information on the entire HZM/AZ range. Denomination of the HZM/AZ sstem: HZ 880M A - King pile 2 connectors 1 RZD + 1RZU 1 2 / AZ king pile HZ 880M A Intermediar AZ double pile RH z RZU z RZD z h h h z s b z b b z Section Sectional area cm 2 /m Moment of inertia cm 4 /m Elastic section cm 3 /m Elastic 2) section cm 3 /m Mass 3) Mass 100 Mass 60 kg/m 2 kg/m 2 Coating area Water side m 2 /m Combination HZM / AZ HZ 880M A HZ 880M B HZ 880M C HZ 1080M A HZ 1080M B HZ 1080M C HZ 1080M D b ss = m HZ 1180M A HZ 1180M B HZ 1180M C HZ 1180M D Combination HZM / AZ HZ 880M A HZ 880M B HZ 880M C HZ 1080M A HZ 1080M B HZ 1080M C HZ 1080M D b ss = m HZ 1180M A HZ 1180M B HZ 1180M C Referring outside of HZM-flange HZ 1180M D ) Referring outside of RH / RZ 3) L RH = L HZM ; L RZU = L RZD ; Mass 100 : L AZ = 100 % L HZM ; Mass 60 : L AZ = 60 % L HZM Combined wall / 35

36 Combined wall with tubular piles In cooperation with ArcelorMittal Projects, ArcelorMittal Commercial RPS supplies spirall welded tubular piles from its mill in Dintelmond delivered with EN certification. Equipped with a deep-water qua, the Dutch mill can export tubular foundation piles with diameters up to 3000 mm, wall thicknesses up to 25 mm, and lengths up to 49 m without butt-welding. Tubular piles are available in numerous European and US steel grades due to ArcelorMittal s worldwide network of coil producers. The piles can be coated on request and provided with welded pile interlocks or C6 or C9 connectors. Tubular piles are the main retaining elements of the combined wall, carring horizontal loads from soil and water pressures and vertical foundation loads. The intermediar sheet piles (preferabl Z-shaped) transfer horizontal loads to the tubular piles. The table below gives an overview of some of the possible combined wall sstems. The table is valid for C9 connectors. Please refer to our brochure Spirall welded steel pipes for further details. Tubular pile Intermediar sheet piles: double AZ 18 Intermediar sheet piles: triple PU 18 Diameter D mm Thickness t mm b ss m Mass 60 kg/m 2 Mass 100 2) kg/m 2 I ss cm 4 /m W ss cm 3 /m b ss m Mass 60 kg/m 2 Mass 100 2) kg/m 2 I ss cm 4 /m W ss cm 3 /m Mass 60 : L conn. = L AZ/PU = 60% L Tube 2) Mass 100 : L conn. = L AZ/PU = 100% L Tube Connectors t AZ sheet pile Tubular pile D 36 / Combined wall b ss

37 The section Wss and the moment of inertia Iss of the combined wall are given as follows: Lock, Evergem, Belgium I ss = I king pile + I ssp b ss W ss = 10 I ss D/2 with I king pile = π D 4 - (D-2t) 4 I ss [cm 4 /m]: Moment of inertia of combined wall Wss [cm 3 /m]: Section of combined wall I king pile [cm 4 ]: Moment of inertia of tubular king pile I ssp [cm 4 ]: Moment of inertia of intermediar sheet pile b ss [m]: Sstem width D [mm]: Outside diameter of tubular pile t [mm]: Thickness of tubular pile AZ sheet piles in combined walls have the following advantages: Better load-displacement behaviour and reduced settlement compared to double or triple U-piles. Soil and water pressures are optimall transferred to the tubular pile as normal tensile stresses. Due to the membrane effect, AZ intermediar sheet piles are particularl suitable for transmitting ver high loads. AZ intermediar sheet piles are less affected b driving inaccuracies due to their geometr. Larssen-tpe interlocks contribute to the high performance of AZ intermediar sheet piles. Cruise terminal, Kiel, German Wharf renovation, Miami, USA Tubular piles and intermediar AZ sheet piles are attached together with connectors welded onto the tubular piles. The C9 connectors have a fixed interlock opening and therefore guide the AZ pile into its optimal position during driving. Tubular king piles with connectors are driven first, AZ sheet piles are then installed in the gaps between the king piles. Please refer to our brochure AZ sheet piles in combined walls for further details. Tubular king pile Weld Connector Combined wall / 37

38 Driving caps A driving cap is a ver important accessor, providing good energ transfer between the hammer and the sheet pile section, thus preventing damage to the pile. Impact hammers, especiall diesel hammers, need a special driving cap. It is generall made of cast steel, with an arrangement of guiding grooves for the different sheet pile sections on its lower side. A doll is fitted into a recess on the top of the driving cap. Dollies are normall made of wooden or plastic components or a combination of several different elements. Each driving cap generall fits several sheet pile sections, thus reducing the number of required driving caps for a given sheet pile range. Sheet pile sections and corresponding driving caps Section Arrangement Driving caps AU 14/16/17/18/20/21/23/25/26 single AUS AU 14/16/17 double/box pile AUD AU 18/20/21/23/25/26 double/box pile AUD PU 12/18/22/28/32 single PUS PU 12/28/32 single US-B PU 12 double/triple/box pile UD 1 PU 18/22/32 double/triple/box pile UD 2 PU 18/22/28/32 double/box pile PUD AZ 12/13/14 double A 13 AZ 17/18/19/25/26/28 double A 18/26 AZ 46/48/50 double A 48 AZ /13-770/14-770/ /10 double AZD AZ to AZ /AZ to AZ double AZD AZ /39-700/ double AZD Single and box piles can be driven to the top of the neighbouring pile when using UD driving caps. For other driving elements (HZM, built-up box piles, triple piles, etc.) please contact our Technical Department. Driving cap dimensions Driving caps AUS AUD AUD PUS US-B UD 1 UD 2 A/B (or Ø) / H 740/580/ /750/ /750/ /600/ /600/ /610/ /720/420 C Mass [kg] a/b (or Ø) / h 500/300/ /400/ /400/ /380/ /380/120 Ø400/170 Ø500/170 Driving caps PUD A 13 A 18/26 A 48 AZD AZD AZD A/B (or Ø) / H 1250/720/ /550/ /660/ /730/ /590/ /705/ /750/520 C Mass [kg] a/b (or Ø) / h 500/ /300/ /400/ /400/ /300/ /400/ /400/170 Dimensions of the doll recess 38 / Driving caps

39 Driving caps - Examples H = 520 h = Section 1-1 (AZD 17-28) H = 520 h = Section 1-1 (AZD 17-28) mm mm Plan mm view mm Doll (Cushion) Doll (Cushion) 300 Doll (Cushion) mm 300 Tpe: C600x400x220 Doll (Cushion) Tpe: C600x400x AZD / Masse: 1950 kg B = Plan view B = Guidance Tpe: 700/90 Guidance Tpe: 700/90 Tpe: C600x400x220 A = 1300 Tpe: C600x400x220 A = 1300 mm Doll (Cushion) Bottom view b = b = 400 a = a = 600 AZD AZD C = C = 375 Bottom view Position of section AZ AZ as double and single pile Position of section AZ AZ as double and single pile Section 1-1 (AUD Section 20-32) 1-1 (AUD mm 20-32) mm mm Doll (Cushion) Doll (Cushion) 300 Tpe: C600x400x Tpe: C600x400x220 Plan view Plan mm view mm A =1570 Doll (Cushion) Doll (Cushion) Tpe: C600x400x220 Tpe: C600x400x220 A =1570 Bottom view H = 520 h = 170 H = 520 h = B = B = b = 400 b = 400 a = 600 a = 600 AUD AUD C = C = 430 Position of Position section of AU section 18 / 20 AU / / / / / 25 / 26 Guidance Guidance 790 as double, single and box pile AUD / Masse: ~2100 kg 790 as double, single and box pile 1 1 Tpe: 700/90 Tpe: 700/90 Arrangement of driving caps b a c c b a = doll/cushion b = leader c = sliding guide d = driving cap e = leader slide e a d e The leader slide is not provided b ArcelorMittal. Sliding guides d Sliding guides are designed to guide the driving cap along the lead, thus guaranteeing proper alignment of the hammer and the centre of the driving cap. Their adaptation to the leader is normall carried out in situ. Dimensions Designation Corresponding driving caps 330/50 PUS and US-B 30 UD 500/90 A and AUS 700/90 AUD and AZD Driving caps / 39

40 HP piles HP piles are special H-shaped bearing piles with webs and flanges of the same thickness. The are used as bearing piles for foundation projects such as bridges and industrial facilities or as anchoring piles for qua or excavation walls. HP piles have the following common characteristics: - Guaranteed pile integrit after installation. No length limitations due to trimming or splicing. - Eas to store, handle and install. Eas connection to superstructure. - Bearing capacit available right after installation, capacit can be determined during installation. - Excellent durabilit. Corrosion rates of embedded HP piles are extremel low. - HP piles are able to take high tensile and bending forces. HP bearing piles range from HP 200 (h = 200 mm, m = 42.5 kg/m) to HP 400 (h = 400 mm, m = kg/m). The are available in structural steel grades (ield strength MPa) as well as in high-strength steel grades (ield strength MPa) including HISTAR qualit. Rolling tolerances on dimensions, shape, weight and length are fixed in accordance with EN Minimum deliver length is 8 m, maximum deliver length is 24.1 m for HP 200/220/260 and 33.0 m for HP 305/320/360/400. The table below contains but a small extract of the available piles. Please refer to the brochure Wide flange bearing piles for detailed information on the entire HP range. Section Mass Dimensions Sectional area Total area A tot = hxb Perimeter Moment of inertia Elastic section kg/m h mm b mm t w mm t f mm cm 2 cm 2 P m - z-z cm 4 cm 4 - z-z cm 3 cm 3 HP 200 x HP 220 x HP 260 x HP 305 x HP 320 x HP 360 x HP 400 x Deurganckdock CT, Antwerp, Belgium 40 / HP piles

41 Durabilit of steel sheet piles Unprotected steel in the atmosphere, water or soil is subject to corrosion that ma lead to damage. Local weakening and rusting-through are normall considered to be maintenance problems that can be remedied locall. Depending on life-time requirements and accessibilit of the structure, the are often protected from uniform corrosion b one or more of the following methods: Corrosion protection b coating (tpicall onl in high corrosion zones). Choice of stronger section or higher steel grade to create higher reserves. Choice of Marine Grade Steel ASTM A690. Avoiding important bending moments in the high corrosion zones. Extension of concrete capping beam below the low-water level. Cathodic protection b impressed current or b sacrificial anodes. Corrosion rates The maximum steel stress in most maritime sheet pile structures is situated within the permanent immersion zone. The loss of thickness in this zone is considerabl lower than in the high corrosion zones. Steel stress is generall ver low in the maximum corrosion zones: splash zone & low water zone. These locations are therefore not the critical part of the structure despite their negative appearance if unprotected. Tpical loss of thickness due to corrosion and moment distribution for anchored sheet pile wall in marine environment: Durabilit through sound design MHW MLW Zone of high attack Splash zone Intertidal zone Zone of high attack Low water zone Anchor Loss of thickness Permanent immersion zone Bending moment Waterside Earthside Please refer to EC 3 Part 5 (EN ) for details on loss of steel thickness as a result of exposure in different media. Durabilit / 41

42 Surface coating The classical corrosion protection for steel sheet piling is surface coating. EN ISO deals with protection b paint sstems and its various parts cover all the features that are important in achieving adequate corrosion protection. It is essential that the steel surface is properl prepared: removal of millscale b abrasive blasting (cf. ISO before appling a coating sstem. Most sstems consist of one or two primers, an intermediate coat and a topcoat. Zinc primers are used frequentl due to their good corrosion-inhibiting properties. Intermediate coats increase the total thickness and thus increase the distance for moisture diffusion to the surface. Topcoats are chosen for colour and gloss retention, for chemical resistance, or for additional resistance to mechanical damage. Epoxies are generall used for seawater immersion and chemical resistance, polurethanes for colour and gloss retention. In the following, paint sstems are proposed for different environments according to classifications of EN ISO Metro Copenhagen, Denmark Atmospheric exposure In applications such as retaining walls, the aesthetic and functional look of the sheet piles is important, so polurethane finishes - which are eas to appl and maintain - are the most common choice due to their good gloss and colour retention characteristics. Proposal (EN ISO Table A4, corrosivit categor C4): Epox primer Recoatable epox intermediate coating Aliphatic polurethane topcoat Nominal dr-film thickness of the sstem: 240 μm Dke, Hamburg, German 42 / Durabilit

43 Sea water & fresh water immersion Im1 / Im2 For long-term performance of steel structures immersed in sea water and in fresh water there should be no compromise on qualit as abrasion and impact ma damage the coating sstem. The application must be properl carried out and inspected on a regular basis. Cathodic protection is sometimes specified in combination with a (full compatible) coating sstem. Proposal (EN ISO Table A6, corrosivit categor Im2) Epox primer Solvent-free epox coating or epox glass flake Nominal dr-film thickness of the sstem: 450 μm Lock, Venice, Ital Waste disposal Excellent protection is essential due to exposure to highl aggressive substances. The coating sstem must have outstanding resistance to mineral and organic acids and other chemicals as well as capacit to withstand abrasion and impacts. Proposal Micaceous iron oxide pigmented polamide cured epox primer Polamide-cured-epox coating with increased chemical resistance Nominal dr-film thickness of the sstem: 480 μm Waste disposal, Horn, Austria Durabilit / 43

44 Watertightness Steel sheet piles are completel impervious. The onl possibilit of water infiltrating through a sheet pile wall is b flowing through the interlock. Due to its shape the Larssen interlock naturall provides high seepage resistance. Sealing sstems are therefore not necessar for applications such as temporar retaining walls where moderate rates of seepage are acceptable. If medium to high seepage resistance is required, e.g. cut-off walls for contaminated sites, retaining structures for bridge abutments or tunnels, double sheet piles with sealed or welded joints are recommended. Please refer to our brochure The impervious steel steel pile wall for further details. The following sealing sstems are used to increase the watertightness of sheet pile walls: Bituminous filler: Beltan. Maximal water pressure: 100 kpa. Wax & mineral-oil-based filler: Arcoseal TM. Maximal water pressure: 100 kpa. Water-swelling polurethane product: Roxan TM Sstem. Maximal water pressure: 200 kpa. Welding: 100% watertight. Darc s law for water discharge through homogenous structures has been adapted b introducing the concept of joint resistance. q(z) = ρ p(z)/γ q(z): water discharge [m 3 /s/m] ρ: inverse joint resistance [m/s] p(z): pressure drop at level z [kpa] γ: unit weight of water [kn/m 3 ] Sealing sstem ρ [10-10 m/s] Application of the sstem Cost ratio 100 kpa 200 kpa No sealant > Interlock with Beltan < 600 not recommended eas 1 Interlock with Arcoseal TM < 600 not recommended eas 2.5 Interlock with ROXAN TM Sstem with care 5 Welded interlock 0 0 2) 15 Cost ratio = Cost of sealing sstem Cost of bituminous sealing sstem 2) After excavation for the interlock to be threaded on jobsite Office building, Amsterdam, Netherlands 44 / Watertightness

45 Deliver conditions Geometric tolerances of hot rolled steel sheet piles according to EN (reduced tolerances on request) Tolerances AU, PU, PU-R, GU AZ AS 500 HZM Mass ±5% ±5% ±5% ±5% Length ± 200 mm ± 200 mm ± 200 mm ± 200 mm Height H 200 mm: ±4.0 mm H > 200 mm: ±5.0 mm H 200 mm: ±5.0 mm 200 mm < H < 300 mm: ±6.0 mm H 300 mm: ±7.0 mm - ±7.0 mm Thickness t, s 8.5 mm: ± 0.5 mm t, s 8.5 mm: ± 0.5 mm t > 8.5 mm: ± 6% t, s 12.5 mm: 1.0 mm / +2.0 mm t, s > 8.5 mm: ± 6% t, s > 8.5 mm: ± 6% - t, s > 12.5 mm: 1.5 mm / +2.5 mm Width single pile ± 2% ± 2% ± 2% ± 2% Width double pile ± 3% ± 3% ± 3% ± 3% Straightness 0.2% of pile length 0.2% of pile length 0.2% of pile length 0.2% of pile length Ends out of square 2% of pile width 2% of pile width 2% of pile width 2% of pile width Maximum rolling lengths (longer sections available on request) Section AZ AU, PU PU-R GU sp GU dp AS 500 HZM RH / RZ OMEGA 18 C9 / C14 DELTA 13 Length [m] sp = single pile, dp = double pile Handling holes Sheet pile sections are normall supplied without handling holes. If requested, the can be provided with handling holes in the centerline of the section. The standard handling hole dimensions are as follows: Z-Section U-Section Straight Web Section HZM-Section Y Y Y Y Diameter D [mm] Distance Y [mm] Diameter D [in] 2.5 Distance Y [in] 9 Markings The following markings can be supplied on request: Colour marks defining section, length and steel grade. Adhesive stickers showing the customer s name, destination, order number, tpe and length of profile and steel grade. Made in Luxembourg AZ S355GP mm CIVIL & COASTAL CONSTR. COMP. KOLKATA Deliver conditions / 45

46 Steel grades of sheet pile sections AZ, AU, PU, PU-R, AS and HZM sections are delivered in the steel grades based on EN mentioned below. GU sections: available up to S 320 GP, please contact us for S 355 GP. Steel grade EN Min. ield strength R eh N/mm 2 Min. tensile strength R m N/mm 2 Min. elongation L o =5.65 S o % Chemical composition (% max) C Mn Si P S N S 240 GP S 270 GP S 320 GP S 355 GP S 390 GP S 430 GP Mill specification S 460 AP Materials to other specifications including S 460 AP, A 572 Gr. 65 as well as special steels with improved corrosion resistance (ASTM A 690), or copper addition in accordance with EN Part 1 Chapter 10.4 can be supplied on request. A modified grade A 690 with higher ield strength is also available upon request. Galvanisation has an influence on the chemical composition of the steel and must therefore be specified in the purchase orders. We strongl recommend informing us of all surface treatment to be applied to the product when placing orders. Europe EN S 270 GP S 320 GP S 355 GP S 390 GP S 430 GP S 460 AP USA ASTM A A 572 Gr.50; A 690 A 572 Gr.55 A 572 Gr. 60 A 572 Gr. 65 Canada CSA Gr. 260 W Gr. 300 W Gr. 350 W Gr. 400 W - - Japan JIS SY SY Mill specification New berthing facilit, Ireland 46 / Deliver conditions

47 Geometric tolerances of tubular piles Tolerance on pile length: +/- 200 mm Standard Outside diameter D Wall thickness t Straightness Out-ofroundness Mass Maximum weld bead height EN /- 1% +/- 10% 0.20% +/- 2% +/- 6 % +/ /- 2.0 of total length /- 0.5% < 15.0: +/- 10% D/t 75 +/- 1.5% API 5L 0.20% + 10 % : +/- 1.5 D < ISO 3183 of total length % > 1422 as agreed Else as agreed t 14.2: 3.5 t > 14.2: 4.8 t 13.0: 3.5 t > 13.0: 4.5 Tolerance on height of external weld bead for submerged arc-welded hollow sections. Note: values in mm except where specified Steel grades of tubular pile Steel grade EN Min. ield strength R eh (t 16 mm) MPa Min. ield strength R eh (16 < t 40 mm) MPa Min. ultimate tensile strength R m (3 t 40 mm) MPa Min. elongation L o (t 40 mm) % Chemical composition (% max) C Mn P S Si N CEV (t 20 mm) S 235 JRH S 275 J0H S 355 J0H S 420 MH S 460 MH Steel grade API 5L Min. ield strength R eh Min. ultimate tensile strength R m Min. elongation 2) Chemical composition for PSL 1 pipe with t 25.0 mm 4) (% max) MPa MPa % C 3) Mn 3) P S L 245 or B L 290 or X L 320 or X L 360 or X L 390 or X L 415 or X ) ) L 450 or X ) ) L 485 or X ) ) API 5L (2007): American Petroleum Institute / ISO 3183 (2007). PSL: Product Specification Level 2) Minimum elongation: depends on tensile test piece cross-sectional area 3) For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified max C concentration, an increase of 0.05% above the specified max Mn concentration is permissible, up to a max of 1.65% for grades L245/B to L360/X52, 1.75% for L390/X56 to L450/X65 and 2.00% for L485/X70 4) 0.50% max for Cu, 0.50% max for Ni, 0.50% max for Cr, 0.15% max for Mb 5) Unless otherwise agreed Tubular pile mill, Dintelmond, Netherlands Deliver conditions / 47

48 Documentation Please refer to our website to download the following documentation: or contact us via The HZM Steel Wall Sstem 2008 Ref E, D, F, US, IT HZ wall sstem Ref E, D, F Spirall welded steel pipes Ref E HP bearing piles Ref E, D, F, SP Cold formed steel piles Ref E, D, F, NL Harbour construction Ref E Underground car parks Ref E, D, F Underground car parks fire resistance Ref E, D, F High speed line south NL Ref E, F, NL Vienna tube extension Ref E, D, F Installation of sheet piles Ref E, D, F Jetting-assisted sheet pile driving Ref E, D, F Anchoring of sheet piles Ref E, D Off-centre anchoring Ref E, D, F Impervious sheet pile wall 1+2 Ref E, D, F Piling handbook E 48 / Documentation Declutching detector Ref E, D, F Welding of sheet piles Ref E, D, F AZ sheet piles in combined walls Ref E, D, F Waste disposal Ref E, D, F