Interoperability & RUC (Road Use r Charg ing )

Transcription

1 Interoperability & RUC (Road Use r Charg ing )

2 Agenda For the next 10 minutes, we will cover four aspects and how they are related. A Transport policy B Technology C Interoperable Blockchain 2

3 Key issues Vehicle side How integrated the effort will be? Technology is evolving Infrastructure side Will we have one all seeing, all knowing infrastructure? 3 Where is investment coming from? Who will invest, own and be liable for?

4 What is changing with Transportation Policy? 4

5 RUC for heavy vehicles Europe Europe Focus on Heavy Commercial Vehicles (MAUT) USA The gas tax replacement studies address how we fund transportation using VMT (Vehicle - Miles Tax) 5 Gas tax replacement USA Mile s d rive n based tax USA Light vehicles follow a different path Europe Europe Light vehicles use vignettes, environmental policies are enforced and Low Emission Zones implemented.

6 01 Urbanization Other factors contributing to changing transportation policy 02 Demographic shifts 03 Climate changes 04 Automation 05 Digital economy 6 06 Collaborative consumption

7 Other factors contributing to changing transportation policy 01 Urbanization 02 Demographic shifts 03 Climate changes 7

8 04 Automation Other factors contributing to changing transportation policy 05 Digital economy 06 Collaborative consumption 8

9 VMT x Fuel tax United States of America VMT Growth Vehicle Miles Traveled Gas Consumption with Increased Efficiency Revenue Loss Due to increased fuel economy a nd a lte rna tive fue l a d o p tio n 9 What is driving USA transportation system s? Th e fin a n cia l crisis d u e to th e ve h icle fle e t tra n sitio n in g a w a y fro m fo ssil fu e ls Source: Caltrans CTC Presentation, February 2014

10 What is driving transportation policy in Europe? Scotland 2032 to phase out petro & diesel vehicles; Introduction of LEZ charges in major urban centers. Ireland 2045, phase out non - zero emission cars & hybrids not to be included Norway 2025, coupled with polluter pays tax system to discourage ICEs. England 2040, based on environmental policy to limit emissions. Germany Original ban on ICEs by 2030 now replaced with wavering on national policy but allowing individual urban centers to set their own policy on zero - emission vehicles. Hamburg first city to introduce partial ban. 10 France 2040, coupled with phasing out oil and gas production. Mairie de Paris to ban all non- electric vehicles by 2030.

11 What impact is Technology having? 11

12 Mileage permit Distance charge Time permit Odometer charge Manual reading 12 Methods of RUC are changing in the USA United States of America

13 Diverse technologies for automated distance reporting Smartphones Commercial vehicle OBD2 mileage meters In- vehicle telematics Odometer 13

14 Current situation in regards to Interoperability 14

15 What is Impacting Interoperability and Creating Transformative Changes Matching lifestyle Flexible approach Marginal cost model 15

16 Core Model for interoperability Key ingredients Technical CORE MODEL FOR INTEROPERABILITY Operational and commercial Procedural and contractual 16

17 Austria 10 - day vignette for 8 Czech Republic 10 - day vignette for 14 Examples of Noninteroperability in Europe Slovakia 10 - day vignette for Germany Johann starts in Munich, Ge rm any, as a Ge rm an drive r, p a ying tolls fo r tunne ls through automatic machines. 1 Switzerland A 1- year vignette for 40 Suisse francs Italy To ll booths bridges and tunnels NOT ONLY 7 6 Hungary Weeklyvignette for 9,30 4 Slovenia 10 - day vignette for 8 Croatia To ll booths o nly

18 Is Blockchain the future? 18

19 What is a Blockchain? A blockchain is a relatively new kind of database or list of records an open, distributed ledger for storing digital information more securely, calle d blocks, which are linked using cryptography. 19 Two typ e s Two types of Block Chains can be used for any group of trusted agents : Public Block Chains, readable by the public and widely used by cryptocurrencies. Private Block Chains proposed for business use. Data can be read by all the related businesses, or trusted agents, while other data can be restricted to only the originating trusted agent.

20 What is a Blockchain? Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp, and transaction data. Re sista nt to m o d ifica tio n By d e sig n, a Blo ck Ch a in is re sistan t to m o d ificatio n o f th e d a ta. Specific data in a block can be readable by all trusted agents or protected data for private use of the originating trusted agent. Infinite A blockchain string or list or chain of records can be infinitely long w h ile h a vin g a n in fin ite se t o f toke n s o r b lo cks. 20

21 Why is Blockchain a solution for Interoperability? 21

22 01 02 Private network No central institution Why is Blockchain a solution for Interoperability? Agency control Scalablity Common data Cost saving 22

23 New Interoperability definitions Standard Standardization Interoperability 23 Roaming Blockchain

24 Conclusions 24

25 Conclusions Technology Solution Interoperability Issues Conclusions 25