Mechanical, Electrical, Technology Engineering Firm

Transcription

1 Mechanical, Electrical, Technology Engineering Firm Established 1995 Current staff of forty-five Twenty engineers (12 registered P.E. s) Three Registered Communications Distribution Designers - RCDD s Four Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design - LEED AP One NICET Fire Alarm Systems/II One ESS Designer One CTS Designer One Lighting Certificated Professional One NFPA Certified Professional JDRM Engineering, Inc N. MAIN STREET, SUITE 200 F SYLVANIA, OHIO F PH. (419) F FAX (419)

2 JDRM Engineering projects range from several thousand dollars to thirty-five millions dollars in construction costs for Mechanical, Electrical, and Technology contracts. Design Markets Airports Runway Lighting Support Facilities Terminals Commercial Office Buildings Computer Facilities Restaurants Educational PK through 12 Higher Education Residence Halls Healthcare Hospitals Medical Offices Assisted Living Imaging Centers Nursing Homes Oncology Centers JDRM Engineering, Inc. Industrial Manufacturing Power Generation Warehouses Institutional Fire & Police Stations Justice Centers Libraries Municipal Water & Wastewater Religious Structures Churches Temples Fellowship Halls Sporting Venues Athletic Complexes Ice Arenas YMCAs 5604 N. MAIN STREET, SUITE 200 F SYLVANIA, OHIO F PH. (419) F FAX (419)

3 City of Toledo Low Service Pump Station and Collins Park Water Treatment Plant Electrical Upgrade High Availability Electrical Power Systems 3

4 OBJECTIVE Provide a basic understanding of electrical distribution concepts and how they affect the reliability of the electrical system. KEY DESIGN PARAMETERS Redundancy Physical Separation Maintainability Maintenance 4

5 UTILITY OPTIONS TOPICS SERVICE FROM DISTRIBUTION - SINGLE SERVICE - TWO SERVICES SERVICE FROM TRANSMISSION - SINGLE TAP - TWO TAPS - RING BUS (LOOP FEED) MAIN DISTRIBUTION OPTIONS - SINGLE SERVICE TRANSFORMER - TWO TRANSFORMERS (DOUBLE-ENDED) - DOUBLE-ENDED, SEPARATED SWITCHGEAR 5

6 TOPICS (cont.) EMERGENCY GENERATOR OPTIONS - SINGLE GENERATOR COMMON DISTRIBUTION - MULTIPLE GENERATORS COMMON BUS - SEPARATE EMERGENCY DISTRIBUTION - MULTIPLE GENERATORS SPLIT BUS APPLICATIONS - LOW SERVICE PUMP STATION - COLLINS PARK WATER TREATMENT PLANT - BAY VIEW WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT MAINTENANCE & TESTING 6

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9 UTILITY OPTIONS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM - UP TO 40kV - 3MW OR LESS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM - GREATER THAN 25kV - LOAD EXCEEDS 3MW 9

10 DISTRIBUTION OPTIONS SINGLE SERVICE TWO SERVICES 10

11 Least Reliable - Many customers on same feeder. - More exposure to damage. - Less regulated 11

12 - Redundancy - Second feeder is expensive - Not always available 12

13 TRANSMISSION OPTIONS SINGLE TAP TWO TAPS RING BUS 13

14 - Reliability greatly improved. - Strict federal regulations. - Some ability to isolate faults. - More cost than service from distribution. 14

15 TRANSMISSION LINE SINGLE TAP 15

16 SINGLE TRANSFORMER CUSTOMER SUBSTATION 16

17 - Beneficial only if taps are widely separated. - Not always available. - More expensive. - Better fault isolation capability. 17

18 TRANSMISSION LINE 2 TAPS 18

19 - The ultimate in reliability. - No interruptions due to utility switching. - No interruptions from line fault. - Large footprint. - Most expensive 19

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21 MAIN DISTRIBUTION OPTIONS SINGLE SERVICE TRANSFORMER DOUBLE-ENDED DOUBLE-ENDED, SEPARATED SWITCHGEAR 21

22 - No redundancy - Maintenance require power outage - Least expensive - Least reliable 22

23 - Redundancy - Automatic transfer minimizes outage time. - Major components can be maintained without an outage. 23

24 - Physical separation improves reliability. - Each switchgear can be completely isolated for maintenance. 24

25 EMERGENCY GENERATOR OPTIONS SINGLE GENERATOR COMMON DISTRIBUTION SINGLE GENERATOR SEPARATE EMERGENCY DISTRIBUTION MULTIPLE GENERATORS COMMON BUS MULTIPLE GENERATORS SPLIT BUS 25

26 - Several single points of failure. - No redundancy. - Low cost. 26

27 - IMPROVED RELIABILITY - IMPROVED MAINTAINABILITY 27

28 - Redundant generators - Common bus is single point of failure 28

29 - Improved maintainability. - Elimination single failure point. 29

30 LOW SERVICE PUMP STATION 30

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32 - Transmission 2-taps. - Switchgear physically separated. - Redundant generators, split bus - Very maintainable 32

33 - Generators energize both main switchgear lineups. 33

34 - Loss of one utility source. - Generators energize dead switchgear 34

35 - Loss of one utility source. - Other utility energizes dead switchgear 35

36 COLLINS PARK WASTE TREATMENT PLANT 36

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39 COLLINS PARK GENERATORS 39

40 BAY VIEW WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT 40

41 OVERALL PLANT LAYOUT 41

42 CAT GENERATOR SETS 42

43 GENERATOR CONTROL SWITCHGEAR 43

44 SIMPLIFIED ONE-LINE DRAWING 44

45 OPERATING MODES NORMAL MODE CO-GEN AND UTILITIES EMERGENCY MODE BACKUP GENERATORS ONLY PEAK SHAVING MODE LOAD TEST MODE 45

46 Normal Mode 46

47 Emergency Mode 47

48 Peak Shaving Mode 48

49 Load Test Mode 49

50 MAINTENANCE & TESTING KEY TO RELIABILITY MAKE IT ROUTINE EXERCISE WITH LOAD EMERGENCY GENERATORS NEED EXTRA ATTENTION 50

51 POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS EXERCISE MAINTENANCE - CONTACTS - OPERATING MECHANISM - PROTECTIVE DEVICES 51

52 POWER CIRCUIT BREAKER 52

53 MODERN PROTECTIVE RELAY 53

54 EMERGENCY GENERATORS MOST COMMON FAILURES: DEAD BATTERIES NO FUEL - EMPTY TANK - DELIVERY SYSTEM FAILURE - FUEL IN POOR CONDITION LOW COLLANT LEVEL CONTROL SWITCHES/CIRCUIT BREAKERS IN WRONG POSITION 54

55 BATTERIES REPLACE LEAD-ACID BATTERIES EVERY 3 YEARS FOR ADDITIONAL RELIABILITY (ESPECIALLY A SINGLE GENERATOR FACILITY), CONSIDER REDUNDANT BATTERIES, CHARGER & STARTER; OR COMPRESSED AIR STARTING FUEL CONSIDER A FUEL POLISHING SYSTEM FOR STORAGE TANKS SUPPLEMENT MONITORING WITH PHYSICAL CHECK OF FUEL LEVEL 55

56 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE ESTABLISH A SCHEDULE AND STICK TO IT. FOLLOW NFPA110 AND MANUFACTURER S RECOMMENDATIONS. 56

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60 JDRM Engineering, Inc N. MAIN STREET, SUITE 200 F SYLVANIA, OHIO F PH. (419) F FAX (419)