Quality Testing for Small Scale Biodiesel. Sam Parker Piedmont Biofuels

Transcription

1 Quality Testing for Small Scale Biodiesel Sam Parker Piedmont Biofuels

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4 Overview Concept ASTM D6751 BQ9000 Critical Producers Tests Criteria Alternative

5 Concept Fuel Quality without The Cost The Difficulty

6 ASTM D6751

7 BQ9000 Critical Producers Alcohol Control -Flash Point -Methanol Content Water & Sediment Cloud Point Acid Number Free & Total Glycerin Sulfur Oxidation Stability Visual Appearance Cold Soak Metals (monthly)

8 Free and Total Glycerin Importance ASTM D6584 Gas Chromatography Limits: Free Total Alternatives MP Biomedicals Saftest Analyzer Paradigm Sensor 27/3

9 Water and Sediment Importance ASTM 2709 Centrifuge Limits: 0.05% by vol (or 5000 ppm) Alternatives(Moisture) Karl Fisher Sandy Brae

10 Kinematic Viscosity Importance ASTM D445 Glass Capillary Viscometer Limit: mm2/s Alternatives #0 Mini Ford Cup Viscometer

11 Cloud Point Importance ASTM D2500 Peltier Device Limit: Report Alternatives Refrigerator

12 Metals (K, Na, Ca, Mg) Importance EN Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy Limit: 5 ppm Other Options Modified AOCS Cc (titration)

13 Acid Number Importance ASTM D664 Potentiometric Titration Limit: 0.5 mg KOH/g Alternatives ASTM D 947

14 Alternative Tests Free and Total Glycerin with 27/3 Test Flash Point with Density Moisture with Sandy Brae Water Test Kit Kinematic Viscosity with a Zahn cup-type viscometer Cloud Point using Refrigerator Acid Number with ASTM D974 Sodium and Potassium with Modified AOCS Cc17-79

15 Work Cited American Society of Testing and Materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards Vol. 5. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM, Print. Ser. 1. American Society of Testing and Materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards Vol. 5. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, Print. Ser. 2. American Society of Testing and Materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards Vol. 5. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, Print. Ser. 3. American Society of Testing and Materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards Vol. 5. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, Print. Ser. 4. American Society of Testing and Materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards Vol. 5. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, Print. Ser. 5. ASTM International. "ASTM International - Proficiency Testing Programs - Petroleum Products & Lubricants - Biodiesel." ASTM International - Standards Worldwide. ASTM. Web. 21 Sept < BQ BQ-9000 Quality Management System Producer Requirements. Jefferson City: BQ-9000, Print. Burton, Rachel. "An Overview of ASTM D6751: Biodiesel Standards and Testing Methods." North Carolina Solar Center. Piedmont Biofuels, 29 Jan Web. < ncsc.ncsu.edu/cleantransportation/docs/afc/biodiesel_fuel_quality.pdf>. Drapcho, Caye M., Nghiem Phu. Nhuan, and Terry H. Walker. "6.5.3 Quality Control Analytical Technique." Biofuels Engineering Process Technology. New York: McGraw-Hill, Print. Kemp, William H. "8.3.9 Quality Control Testing." Biodiesel Basics and Beyond: a Comprehensive Guide to Production and Use for the Home and Farm. Tamworth, Ont.: Aztext, Print. Kemp, William H. "Biodiesel Fuel Quality." Biodiesel Basics and Beyond: a Comprehensive Guide to Production and Use for the Home and Farm. Tamworth, Ont.: Aztext, Print. Knothe, Gerhard. "5.1 Analytical Methods for Biodiesel." Ed. Jurgen Krahl and Gerpen Jon Van. The Biodiesel Handbook. 2nd ed. Urbana, IL: AOCS, Print. Knothe, Gerhard. "Analyzing Biodiesel: Standards and Other Methods." Rev. of ASTM Biodiesel Standard D 6751 and European Biodiesel Standards EN for Vehicle Use and EN for Heating Oil Use. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society (2006): Print. Komers, Karel, František Skopal, and Radek Stloukal. "Determination of the Neutralization Number for Biodiesel Fuel Production." Fett/Lipid 99.2 (1997): Print. Mahajan, Sonam, Samir K. Konar, and David G. B. Boocock. "Determining the Acid Number of Biodiesel." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 83.6 (2006): Print. National Biodiesel Board. Chemical Weight and Formula. Publication. Jefferson City: National Biodiesel Board, Print. Sandy Brae Laboratories, Inc. "Water Test Kit Instructions." Sandy Brae. Sandy Brae Laboratories, Inc., 20 Nov Web. 13 Oct < pdf>. Schlink, R., and B. Faas. Water Content Determination in Biodiesel According to EN ISO Metrohm Ion Analysis. Print. Tat, Mustafa E., and Jon H. Gerpen. "The Kinematic Viscosity of Biodiesel and Its Blends with Diesel Fuel." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society (1999): Print. Tseng, Ching-Hui, and Nan Wang. "Fast Analysis of Fats, Oils and Biodiesel by FT-IR." Lipid Technology 19.2 (2007): Web. Tyagi, Onkar S., Neeraj Atray, Basant Kumar, and Arunabha Datta. "Production, Characterization and Development of Standards for Biodiesel." Journal of Metrology Society of India 25.3 (2010): Print. Van Gerpen, Jon, Rudy Pruszko, Brent Shanks, Davis Clements, and Gerhard Knothe. Biodiesel Analytical Methods. Tech. no. NREL/SR Golden: NREL, Print. Van Wedel, Randall. "Monitoring Biodiesel Fuel Quality." Monitoring Biodiesel Fuel Quality. PHLip Test, 4 Feb Web. 22 Sept < 20Biodiesel%20Expo%202008%20Fuel%20Quality% ppt>. Westbrook, S. R. An Evaluation and Comparison of Test Methods to Measure the Oxidation Stability of Neat Biodiesel. Rep. no. NREL/SR Golden: NREL, Print.

16 Thank you! Questions?