Asean Economic Community Chartbook one vision one identity one community

Transcription

1 Asean Economic Community Chartbook 2013 one vision one identity one community

2 Asean Economic Community Chartbook 2013 The ASEAN Secretariat Jakarta

3 The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established on 8 August The Member States of the Association are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. The ASEAN Secretariat is based in Jakarta, Indonesia. For inquiries, contact: The ASEAN Secretariat Public Outreach and Civil Society Division 70A Jalan Sisingamangaraja Jakarta Indonesia Phone : (62 21) , Fax : (62 21) , public@asean.org General information on ASEAN appears online at the ASEAN Website: Catalogue-in-Publication Data ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013 Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat, March ASEAN Statistics 2. Economics Trade Investment ISBN The text of this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, provided proper acknowledgement is given and a copy containing the reprinted material is sent to Public Outreach and Civil Society Division of the ASEAN Secretariat, Jakarta. Copyright Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) All rights reserved.

4 FOREWORD The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Chartbook 2013 captures macroeconomic developments in the ASEAN Member States and as a region vis-à-vis the global economy through a compilation of selected indicators presented in more than 50 different charts. We hope that this Chartbook will provide up-to-date and useful information on the progress achieved in 2012, in pursuit of the various economic integration initiatives toward the ASEAN Community by As we continue to issue this publication annually, feedback from stakeholders and users are welcome to further improve this reference material. Le Luong Minh Secretary-General of ASEAN Jakarta, December 2013 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013 i

5 Table of Contents 1 ASEAN in the Global Economy 1.1 Population of ASEAN and selected trade partner countries/regions Share to World Gross Domestic Product, based on PPP* Dollars, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), in billion PPP* Dollars and rate of change of real GDP, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), in billion US Dollars and rate of change of real GDP, Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), annual rate of change Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, in PPP Dollars Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, in US Dollars 7 2 ASEAN Economy 2.1 Gross Domestic Product at constant prices, annual rate of change Gross Domestic Product at constant prices, quarterly rate of change Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita at current prices Consumer Price Index (CPI), all items and food Consumer Price Index (CPI), transport and housing Currencies-to-US Dollar rate, rate of change Currencies-to-US Dollar rate 14 3 ASEAN Trade Liberalisation 3.1 Average Tariff Rates on intra-asean Imports Coverage of Commodity Items with Zero Tariff 16 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.1 Trend of ASEAN Trade in Goods Trend of ASEAN Trade in Goods, in percent of GDP ASEAN Trade in Goods with selected trade partner countries/regions Intra- and Extra-ASEAN Trade in Goods ASEAN Trade in Goods with selected trade partner countries/regions, in percent share ASEAN Export of Goods to selected trade partner countries/regions, in percent share ASEAN Import of Goods from selected trade partner countries/regions, in percent share ASEAN Member States Export of Goods, by destination, ASEAN Member States Import of Goods, by origin, Top Ten ASEAN Export Commodities in 4 digit-hs, Top Ten ASEAN Import Commodities in 4 digit-hs, ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.1 ASEAN Trade Balance with selected trade partners a Top 5 Intra-ASEAN Export Commodities, b Top 5 Intra-ASEAN Import Commodities, a Top 5 Extra-ASEAN Export Commodities, ii ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

6 Table of Contents 5.3b Top 5 Extra-ASEAN Import Commodities, a Top 5 Export Commodities to China, b Top 5 Import Commodities from China, a Top 5 Export Commodities to Japan, b Top 5 Import Commodities from Japan, a Top 5 Export Commodities to ROK, b Top 5 Import Commodities from ROK, a Top 5 Export Commodities to USA, b Top 5 Import Commodities from USA, a Top 5 Export Commodities to EU-28, b Top 5 Import Commodities from EU-28, a Top 5 Export Commodities to ANZ, b Top 5 Import Commodities from ANZ, a Top 5 Export Commodities to India, b Top 5 Import Commodities from India, a Top 5 Export Commodities to Pakistan, b Top 5 Import Commodities from Pakistan, a Top 5 Export Commodities to Russia, b Top 5 Import Commodities from Russia, Investments in ASEAN 6.1 Net Inflow of Foreign Direct Investments, by source country Net Inflow of Foreign Direct Investments, in percent of GDP Net Inflow of Foreign Direct Investments to ASEAN, from Net Inflow of Foreign Direct Investments to the ASEAN Member States 43 7 ASEAN Priority Integration Sectors 7.1 Trend of Total Exports - 7 Priority Integration Sectors Trend of Intra-ASEAN Exports - 7 Priority Integration Sectors ASEAN Exports - 7 Priority Integration Sectors, annual rate of change 46 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.1 Total ASEAN Exports and Imports of Services in billion US Dollars and as percentage of GDP Total ASEAN Exports by 11 Service Headings Total ASEAN Imports by 11 Service Headings Internet Subscribers/User and Cellular Phone Densities (per 1000 persons) in ASEAN Ratio of Paved Road to Total Road Length, in percent Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Member States Intra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals Total and Intra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals, by country of destination, ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013 iii

7 Asean Economic Community Chartbook 2013 INTRODUCTION CONTENTS CAVEAT This ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Chartbook is a visual chronicle of the ASEAN economy and its relations with major regions/partner countries and the rest of the world. It aims to provide information on the state of the ASEAN economy at some milestone years in the past and at present, and on discernible trends in key economic areas in the immediate future. The graphical information in this Chartbook is presented according to the following 8 sections: 1 ASEAN in the Global Economy situates the region in the global economic community in terms of population and economic size, growth, and welfare. 2 ASEAN Economy looks into some macroeconomic trends and developments within the region. 3 ASEAN Trade Liberalisation reports on the stages of facilitation for freer flow of goods within the region through tariff reduction. 4 ASEAN Trade Performance takes a closer look at the movement of goods within and outside of the region trends of exports and imports, and composition and directions of trade. 5 ASEAN Trade with Selected Trade Partners charts the region s trade position with selected dialogue partners and describes the concentration and dependencies of selected traded commodities. 6 Investments in ASEAN gives a broad time series profile of foreign direct investment inflow to the region, including the major sources of such investments. 7 ASEAN Priority Integration Sectors shows the trends of export of goods in the 7 priority sectors identified to help accelerate progress toward the AEC. 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community presents information on other important elements that sustain the regional economy export of energy, access to communication, and tourism activity. The charts presented herein are based on data available in the various databases being maintained by the ASEAN Secretariat as submitted through relevant ASEAN working groups and/or data sharing schemes and/or as gathered from official publications and websites of data sources in the ASEAN Member States (AMS ) and international organisations as of 31 December Some data were derived/estimated using basic statistical practices employed by the ASEAN Secretariat. Unless otherwise stated, these figures are in no way considered as official statistics, and are used only to give indicative information.

8 1 Asean in the Global Economy 1.1 Population of ASEAN and selected trade partner countries/regions in million persons ,354 1, ASEAN ANZ China EU-28 India Japan ROK USA Russia Canada Pakistan ASEAN s population placed third after China and India, expanding to 617 million in 2012 from 534 million in The region s population grew at an average annual rate of 1.45 percent compared to China s 0.53 percent and India s 1.44 percent during the 10-year period. Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April

9 1 Asean in the Global Economy 1.2 Share to World Gross Domestic Product, based on PPP* Dollars, 2012 in percent ASEAN, 4.3 Share of GDP at current PPP dollars to world total (%) Canada, 1.8 China, 14.9 EU-28, 19.5 India, 5.6 Japan, 5.6 USA, 18.9 Rest of the World, 22.5 ANZ, 1.3 ROK, 1.9 Russia, 3.0 Pakistan, 0.6 The share of ASEAN to World GDP, in PPP dollars, was 4.3 percent, while the combined shares of ASEAN+3 (refers to ten Member States, China, Japan and Republic of Korea) reached 26.8 percent. * Purchasing power parity Source of data: IMF World Economic Outlook Database April ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

10 1 Asean in the Global Economy 1.3 Gross Domestic Product (GDP), in billion PPP* Dollars and rate of change of real GDP, 2012 in percent 10 China, 12,406 8 ASEAN, 3,619 6 India, 4,684 4 ANZ, 1,103 Russia, 2,513 Pakistan, USA, 15,685 ROK, 1,614 Canada, 1,488 Japan, 4,628 - EU-28, 18,183 (2) The region s nominal GDP, in PPP dollars, amounted to 3.6 trillion Dollars. In real terms, ASEAN s GDP growth at 5.7 percent was second to China s 7.8 percent. Note: Size of bubble indicates level of GDP in current international (PPP) billion dollars while bubble position plots the growth rate of real GDP * Purchasing Power Parity Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2013 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

11 1 Asean in the Global Economy 1.4 Gross Domestic Product (GDP), in billion US Dollars and rate of change of real GDP, 2012 in percent 10 China, 8, ASEAN, 2,311 India, 1,825 4 ANZ, 1,711 USA, 15,685 Russia, 2,022 Pakistan, 232 ROK, 1,156 2 EU-28, 16,641 Canada, 1,819 Japan, 5,964 - (2) ASEAN GDP stood at US$2.3 trillion, 28 percent that of China or about 15 percent that of USA. In terms of PPP Dollars, the region s GDP was 29 percent that of China and nearly 23 percent that of USA. Note: Size of bubble indicates level of GDP in billion US dollars while bubble position plots the growth rate of real GDP. Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

12 1 Asean in the Global Economy 1.5 Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), annual rate of change in percent ASEAN China Japan Korea ANZ India USA EU-28 Russia Canada Pakistan The region s GDP growth slightly slid to 5.7 percent from 5.9 percent recorded in Notable downtrend in growth were experienced by China (by 3.5 percentage points), India (by 5.1 percentage points), Russian Federation (by 3.0 percentage points), and Pakistan (by 5.3 percentage points) for the same periods. Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2013 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

13 1 Asean in the Global Economy 1.6 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, in PPP* Dollars in current international (purchasing power parity) dollars 49,922 42,734 40,535 36,266 35,867 32,272 42,629 36,094 32,176 30,441 30,680 17,709 USA Canada ANZ Japan EU-28 22,783 ROK 11,799 Russia 4,102 China 9,162 2,185 India 3,830 2,231 Pakistan 2,881 4,230 ASEAN 5, From 2005 to 2012, the level of ASEAN s GDP per capita (in PPP$) increased by 38.7 percent at US$5,869, but still way below that of its major trading partners. The biggest growth in GDP per capita was shown in China (by percent), India (by 75.3 percent), Russia (by 50.1 percent) and the Republic of Korea (by 41.6 percent). * Purchasing power parity Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

14 1 Asean in the Global Economy 1.7 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, in US Dollars 62,910 52,232 49,922 46,736 32,825 34,152 36,150 42,629 35,781 23,113 27,989 14,247 ANZ Canada USA Japan EU-28 17,551 ROK 5,313 Russia 1,726 China 6, Pakistan 1,296 India 727 1,492 1,641 ASEAN 3, In 2012, the region s GDP per capita, at US$3,748, was significantly higher by percent than its level in However, ASEAN s GDP per capita represents only 40 percent that of China s, and far below the rest of its major trading partners, except for India and Pakistan. Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2013 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

15 2 ASEAN Economy 2.1 Gross Domestic Product at constant prices, annual rate of change in percent Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN6 CLMV ASEAN In 2012, Lao PDR (by 7.9 percent), Cambodia (by 7.0 percent), Philippines (by 6.8 percent) and Thailand (by 6.5 percent) recorded the highest GDP growth among the ten Member States. Overall, the ASEAN6 regained its strength in 2012 over the previous year s economic performance. In contrast, the CLMV country group s GDP growth continued to decrease after it reached its peak in Note: ASEAN6 = Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand; CLMV = Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Viet Nam Source of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database 8 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

16 2 ASEAN Economy 2.2 Gross Domestic Product at constant prices, quarterly rate of change in percent (year-on-year) Q Q Q Q Q Q Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand -5 Beginning the first quarter of 2012, Philippines recorded the highest GDP growth among the ASEAN5 economies, followed by Indonesia and Malaysia. Thailand s economy continued to recover from the fallout of 2011 devastating floods. Source of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

17 2 ASEAN Economy 2.3 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita at current prices in USD 60,000 50,000 52, ,445 40,000 30,000 20,000 10, ,588 1,394 10, ,565 5,391 1,596 4,698 1,273 3,748 Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN6 CLMV ASEAN GDP per capita of the Member States varied extremely, ranging from US$50,000 to less than US$1000 in At one end, Singapore and Brunei Darussalam s GDP per capita were above US$40,000 while Cambodia and Myanmar stood at less than US$1,000. Meanwhile, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand s per capita were within US$2,500 to US$10,400. Notes: Myanmar s data is based on the exchange rate in the IMF-WEO database of April 2013, which is US$1 = 843 Kyats (for 2012). Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

18 2 ASEAN Economy 2.4 Consumer Price Index (CPI), all items and food base year = 2005 Index, 2005=100 Overall, ASEAN6 Index, 2005=100 Food, ASEAN Indonesia Philippines Thailand Malaysia Brunei Darussalam In Indonesia Thailand Philippines Malaysia Singapore Brunei Darussalam In 2012, overall prices in Indonesia and Philippines increased by 59% and above 38% respectively. Food prices in Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand were higher by almost 40 percent and up. Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

19 2 ASEAN Economy 2.5 Consumer Price Index (CPI), transport and housing base year = 2005 Index, 2005= Transport, ASEAN6 Index, 2005=100 Housing, ASEAN Philippines Singapore 150 Singapore Indonesia 100 Malaysia Thailand Indonesia Brunei Darussalam 100 Philippines Malaysia Thailand Brunei Darussalam In 2012, transportation costs exhibited the highest increase in Philipines and Singapore, while housing prices were highest in Singapore and Indonesia. Nevertheless, transportation and housing inflation rates were still lower than food prices increase. Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database 12 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

20 2 ASEAN Economy 2.6 Currencies-to-US Dollar rate, rate of change Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam A positive (+) rate of change connotes currency depreciation while a negative (-) rate of change indicates currency appreciation. In 2012, Myanmar s Kyat and Indonesian Rupiah depreciated the highest, by more than 5 percent while Philippines Peso remained strong, appreciating by more than 2 percent. Myanmar s Kyat-to-Dollar exchange rate is based on the IMF World Economic Outlook Database as of April 2013 Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2013 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

21 2 ASEAN Economy 2.7 Currencies-to-US Dollar rate , ,000 20, ,000 10,000 9,384 8, ,000 4, Brunei Darussalam Malaysia Singapore Philippines Thailand Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Myanmar Viet Nam For the last two years since the economic meltdown in 2008, most Member States managed to keep their currencies strong, with the exception of the Vietnamese Dong. Myanmar: not an official rate. Myanmar s Kyat-to-Dollar exchange rate is taken from the IMF World Economic Outlook Database as of April Sources of data: ASEAN Secretariat Database and IMF World Economic Outlook Database April ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

22 3 ASEAN Trade Liberalisation 3.1 Average Tariff Rates on Intra-ASEAN Imports in percent 8.00 CLMV, CLMV; ASEAN, ASEAN; ASEAN6, ASEAN-6; CLMV; CLMV, ASEAN; ASEAN, 0.55 ASEAN6, ASEAN-6; Average tariff rate on intra-asean imports in ASEAN6 declined appreciably to 0.04 percent starting in Meanwhile, the CLMV s average tariff rate reached 1.37 percent in the same period. Source of data: ASEAN Tariff Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

23 3 ASEAN Trade Liberalisation 3.2 Coverage of Commodity Items with Zero Tariff * ,000 85, ,000 percent 50 45,000 number 25, , ,000 bar chart: in percent line chart: in absolute number ASEAN (%) ASEAN6 ASEAN-6 (%) CLMV (%) ASEAN ASEAN6 ASEAN-6 CLMV Beginning in 2003, ASEAN6 has made rapid progress in reducing its tariff rates to zero by over 50 percent of the agreed commodity list. In contrast, the CLMV s performance was more sluggish, reaching a 50-percent mark only in 2012 onwards. * Based on Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT), initiated in ; ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (ATIGA), implemented in 2010 onwards Source of data: ASEAN Tariff Database 16 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

24 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.1 Trend of ASEAN Trade in Goods in billion US$ 3,000 2,500 Total Trade, 2,476 2,000 Extra-ASEAN, 1,874 1,500 1,000 Total Trade, 759 Intra-ASEAN, Extra-ASEAN, 592 Intra-ASEAN, In 2012, the region s total trade moderated to US$2.5 trillion, higher by 3.7 percent from last year s level. Extra-ASEAN trade continued to account for three-fourths of total trade. Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

25 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.2 Trend of ASEAN Trade in Goods, in percent of GDP percent of GDP 140% Total Trade, 125% 120% Total Trade, 107% 100% Extra-ASEAN, 98% 80% Extra-ASEAN, 81% 60% 40% Intra-ASEAN, 28% Intra-ASEAN, 26% 20% 0% Total trade as percent of the region s GDP showed a downtrend after it hit the highest share of close to 140 percent in Intra-ASEAN trade, however, remained relatively unchanged at around 25 percent in Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database 18 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

26 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.3 ASEAN Trade in Goods with selected trade partner countries/regions in million US Dollars 531, , , , , , , ,347 Rest of the World China 153,823 Japan 140,732 EU ,884 USA 47,958 ROK 131,030 35,315 ANZ 78,724 22,998 India 71,816 4,703 Russia 18,158 5,972 Canada 12,335 2,323 6, ,825 Pakistan Intra-ASEAN Since 2005, intra-asean trade value almost doubled reaching 602 billion in ASEAN + 3 (China, Japan and Republic of Korea) contributed a combined share of more than 50 percent. Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

27 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.4 Intra- and Extra-ASEAN Trade in Goods Intra- ASEAN 24.9% Intra- ASEAN 24.8% Intra- ASEAN 24.3% Extra- ASEAN 75.1% Extra- ASEAN 75.2% Extra- ASEAN 75.7% Intra-ASEAN trade remained relatively unchanged at around 25 percent in recent years. Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database 20 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

28 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.5 ASEAN Trade in Goods with selected trade partner countries/regions, in percent share Pakistan 0.2% Russia 0.4% ROK 3.9% USA 12.6% 19.5% Japan 12.6% India 1.9% Intra- ASEAN 24.9% EU % China 9.3% ANZ 2.9% Canada 0.5% Pakistan 0.3% Russia 0.5% ROK 4.1% USA 9.8% 21.6% Japan 11.3% India 2.6% Intra- ASEAN 24.8% EU % ANZ 3.2% China 10.4% Canada 0.6% Pakistan 0.3% Russia 0.7% ROK 5.3% USA 8.1% 21.4% Japan 10.6% India 2.9% Intra- ASEAN 24.3% EU % China 12.9% ANZ 3.2% Canada 0.5% The region s trade with China has gradually increased over the years while the shares of US and EU-28 has dwindled significantly. In 2012, China has become the top major trading partner, followed by Japan and EU-28. Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

29 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.6 ASEAN Exports of Goods to selected trade partner countries/regions, in percent share Pakistan 0.3% Russia 0.23% ROK 4% USA 14% 18% Japan 11% India 2% Intra- ASEAN 25% EU-28 13% ANZ 4% Canada 1% China 8% Pakistan 0.5% Russia 0.3% ROK 4% USA 10% 20% Japan 11% India 3% Intra- ASEAN 26% China 9% EU-28 12% ANZ 4% Canada 1% Pakistan 0.4% Russia 0.4% ROK 4% USA 9% 21% Japan 10% India 4% EU-28 10% Intra- ASEAN 26% China 11% ANZ 4% Canada 1% From 2005 to 2012, ASEAN has increased its share of export shipments to China from 8 percent to 11 percent, respectively. In contrast, EU-28 and US have decreased their share of imports from the region. Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database 22 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

30 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.7 ASEAN Imports of Goods from selected trade partner countries/regions, in percent share Pakistan 0.3% 21% Intra- ASEAN 24% ANZ 2% Pakistan 0.1% 23% Intra- ASEAN 24% ANZ 2% Pakistan 0.1% 22% Intra- ASEAN 23% ANZ 2% Russia 0.6% ROK 4% USA 11% Japan 14% EU-28 10% China 11% Canada 1% Russia 0.8% ROK 4% USA 9% Japan 12% EU-28 10% China 12% Canada 1% Russia 1% ROK 6% USA 8% Japan 11% EU-28 10% China 15% Canada 0.5% India 1% India 2% India 2% ASEAN s import share from China has likewise increased in 2005 to 2012 while the region s purchases from Japan and US has contracted during the same periods. Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

31 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.8 ASEAN Member States Export of Goods, by destination, 2012 ASEAN Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Intra-ASEAN ANZ Canada China EU-28 India Japan Rep. of Korea Pakistan Russia USA Rest of the World Thailand Viet Nam 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% in percent share Lao PDR, Myanmar and Singapore shipped most of its products within the region, with shares ranging from 30 percent to 45 percent. Meanwhile, Brunei Darussalam s top export market is Japan. Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database 24 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

32 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.9 ASEAN Member States Import of Goods, by origin, 2012 ASEAN Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Intra-ASEAN ANZ Canada China EU-28 India Japan Rep. of of Korea Pakistan Russia USA Rest of of the the World World Thailand Viet Nam 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% in percent share Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia and Myanmar imported most of their commodity items within the region, ranging from 35 percent to 45 percent shares. Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

33 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.10 Top Ten ASEAN Export Commodities in 4 digit-hs, 2012 Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 9% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 8% 62% Petroleum gases & other gaseous hydrocarbons propane, butane, ethylene 4% Parts and accessories (not covers, carrying cases) for office machines & typewritters of 8469 to % Natural rubber in primary from or plates balata, guttapercha, guayule, chicle 2% Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 3% Automatic data proccesing machines and units thereof; magnetic or optical readers, machines for transcribing data onto data media in coded form & machines for processing such data keyboard, printer, scanners, disk drives, power supply 3% Palm oil & its fractions, not chemically modified 3% Electric apparatus for line telephony or telegraphy telephone sets, teleprinters, modems, facsimile machines 2% HS - Harmonised System Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal 2% 26 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

34 4 ASEAN Trade Performance 4.11 Top Ten ASEAN Import Commodities in 4 digit-hs, 2012 Parts and accessories (not covers, carrying cases) for office machines & typewritters of 8469 to % Gold (including gold plated with platinum), unwrought or semimanufactured or powder 1% Aircraft, powered; spacecraft & launch vehicles helicopters, satelites 1% Parts & accessories for motor vehicles of 8701 to 8705 brakes, radiators, mufflers, exhaust pipes, clutches, steering wheels/columns/boxes 1% Petroleum gases & other gaseous hydrocarbons propane, butane, ethylene 1% 61% Automatic data proccesing machines and units thereof; magnetic or optical readers, machines for transcribing data onto data media in coded form & machines for processing such data keyboard, printer, scanners, disk drives, power supply 2% Electric apparatus for line telephony or telegraphy telephone sets, teleprinters, modems, facsimile machines 2% Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 9% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 9% HS - Harmonised System Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 12% ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

35 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.1 ASEAN Trade Balance with selected trade partners in billion US$ 40, ,000 20,000 10, ,000 ANZ Canada China EU-28 India Japan Republic of Korea Pakistan Russia USA -20,000-30,000-40,000 The region is a net exporter with Australia New Zealand, EU-28, India, Pakistan, and US. In 2012, ASEAN s trade surplus with EU-28 and US was reduced by half. On the other hand, ASEAN continued to be a net importer with China, Japan, Korea and Russian Federation as trade deficit with these partners even widened in Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database 28 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

36 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.2a Top 5 Intra-ASEAN Export Commodities, b Top 5 Intra-ASEAN Import Commodities, % 61% Parts and accessories (not covers, carrying cases) for office machines & typewriters of 8469 to % Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 2% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 7% Petroleum gases & other gaseous hydrocarbons propane, butane, ethylene 3% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 19% Parts and accessories (not covers, carrying cases) for office machines & typewriters of 8469 to % Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 3% Petroleum gases & other gaseous hydrocarbons propane, butane, ethylene 4% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 9% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 21% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

37 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.3a Top 5 Extra-ASEAN Export Commodities, b Top 5 Extra-ASEAN Import Commodities, % 68% Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 3% Automatic data processing machines and unit thereof; magnetic or optical readers, machines for transcribing data onto data media in coded form & machines for processing such data keyboard, printer, scanners, disk drives, power supplay 4% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 10% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 5% Petroleum gases & other gaseous hydrocarbons propane, butane, ethylene 3% Gold (including gold plated with platinum), unwrought or semimanufactured or powder 1% Electric apparatus for line telephony or telegraphy telephone sets, teleprinters, modems, facsimile machines 3% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 9% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 9% Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 10% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code 30 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

38 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.4a Top 5 Export Commodities to China, b Top 5 Import Commodities from China, % 75% Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal 5% Natural rubber in primary form or plates balata, guttapercha, guayule, chicle 5% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 6% Automatic data process machines, magn reader, etc. computer hardware 5% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 17% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 2% Parts and accessories (not covers, carrying cases) for office machines & typewriters of 8469 to % Automatic data process machines, magn reader, etc. computer hardware 6% Electric apparatus for line telephony or telegraphy telephone sets, teleprinters, modems, facsimile machines 8% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 6% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

39 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.5a Top 5 Export Commodities to Japan, b Top 5 Import Commodities from Japan, % 80% Insulated wire, cable, electric conductors; optic fiber cable 2% Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal 3% Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 7% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 6% Petroleum gases & other gaseous hydrocarbons propane, butane, ethylene 19% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 2% Flatrolled products of iron or nonalloy steel of width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, not clad, plated, coated 3% Motor cars & cehicles for trasporting persons (not 8702) 3% Parts & accessories for motor vehicles of 8701 to 8705 brakes, radiators mufflers, exhaust pipes, clutches, steering wheels/ columns/boxes 6% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 6% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code 32 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

40 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.6a Top 5 Export Commodities to ROK, b Top 5 Import Commodities from ROK, % 52% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 4% Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal 5% Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 9% Petroleum gases & other gaseous hydrocarbons propane, butane, ethylene 17% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 13% Flatrolled products of iron or nonalloy steel of width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, not clad, plated, coated 2% Electric apparatus for line telephony or telegraphy telephone sets, teleprinters, modems, facsimile machines 3% Vessels for the transport of persons or goods cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry biats, cargo ships, barges 3% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 18% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 22% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

41 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.7a Top 5 Export Commodities to USA, b Top 5 Import Commodities USA, % 68% Other furniture and parts thereof office & household furniture, filling cabinets, counters, lockers, shelves, partitions 3% Printing machinery; machines for ancillary uses to printing; parts thereof 3% Automatic data process machines, magnetic reader, etc. computer hardware 6% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 6% Electric apparatus for line telephony or telegraphy telephone sets, teleprinters, modems, facsimile machines 3% Parts of aircraft, spacecraft, ballons, etc., of 8801, % Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 5% Turbojets, turbopropellers & other gas turbines; parts thereof 5% Aircraft powered; spacecraft & launch vehicles helicopters, satellites 5% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 13% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code 34 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

42 5 ASEAN Trade with Selected Trade Partners: Concentration and Dependency 5.8a Top 5 Export Commodities to EU-28, b Top 5 Import Commodities from EU-28, % 74% Oxygen-function amino-compounds 3% Palm oil & its fractions, not chemically modified 4% Automatic data process machines, magn reader, etc. computer hardware 5% Electric apparatus for line telephony or telegraphy telephone sets, teleprinters, modems, facsimile machines 6% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 7% Mediacament mixtures (not 3002, 3005, 3006), put in dosage or packaged for retail 3% Turbojets, turbopropellers & other gas turbines; parts thereof 3% Aircraft powered; spacecraft & launch vehicles helicopters. satellites 6% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 7% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 7% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

43 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.9a Top 5 Export Commodities to ANZ, b Top 5 Import Commodities from ANZ, % 61% Automatic data process machines, magnetic reader, etc. computer hardware 2% Gold (including gold plated with platinum), unwrought or semimanufactured or powder 4% Motor vehicles for transport of goods 5% Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 21% Gold (including gold plated with platinum), unwrought or semimanufactured or powder 3% 18% Milk and cream, concentrated or sweetened 6% Refined copper & copper alloys (no mast alloy of 7405), unwrought 6% Wheat and meslin 12% Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 12% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code 36 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

44 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.10a Top 5 Export Commodities to India, b Top 5 Import Commodities from India, % 51% Electronic integrated circuits & microassemblies; parts thereof 3% Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped (or treated) of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared poles, piles, posts 5% Palm oil & its fractions, not chemically modified 16% Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal 11% Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 6% Cyclic hydrocarbons cyclanes, cyclenes, cycloterpenes 3% Motor vehicles for transport of goods 3% Corn (maize) 3% Diamonds, worked or not, not mounted or set 3% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 37% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

45 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.11a Top 5 Export Commodities to Pakistan, b Top 5 imports from Pakistan, % 51% Synthetic filament yarn (no sewing thread), no retail 2% Polycarboxylic acids & anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their..halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated, nitrosated derivatives 3% Parts & accessories for motor vehicles of 8701 to 8705 brakes, radiators mufflers, exhaust pipes, clutches, steering wheels/ columns/boxes 4% Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal 3% Palm oil & its fractions, not chemically modified 38% Fish, frozen (excluding fillets or other fish meat) 3% Mediacament mixtures (not 3002, 3005, 3006), put in dosage or packaged for retail 4% Corn (maize) 10% Rice 13% Cotton, not carded or combed 19% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code 38 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

46 5 ASEAN Trade: Concentration and Dependency 5.12a Top 5 Export Commodities to Russia, b Top 5 Import Commodities from Russia, % Crude oil from petroleum and bituminous minerals 31% Oil (not crude) from petrol & bituminous minerals etc. 30% Electric heating/ drying water, space, soil, hair, hand & domestic appliances, electric heating resistors hair dryers, curlers, curling tongs, microwave ovens, ovens, coffe/ tea makers 3% Motors cars & vehicles for transporting persons (not 8702) 4% Motors vehicles for transport of goods 4% Palm oil & its fractions, not chemically modified 7% Electric apparatus for line telephony or telegraphy telephone sets, teleprinters, modems, facsimile machines 16% 15% Semifinished Mineral or chemical fertilizers, potassic 3% Mineral or chemical fertilizers, mixtures of nitrogen, phosphorous or potassium, other fertilizers and all packaged fertilizers less than 10kg 4% products of iron or nonalloy steel 17% Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database Based on 4-digits Harmonised System (HS) Code ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

47 6 Investments in ASEAN 6.1 Net Inflow of Foreign Direct Investments, by source country in million US$ 120,000 Total 100,000 Extra-ASEAN 80,000 60,000 40,000 Intra-ASEAN 20, p/ in million US$ 30,000 28,000 26,000 24,000 22,000 20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, , p/ EU Japan ASEAN USA China FDI inflows in the region amounted to US$110.3 billion, showing a flat growth in 2012 vis-à-vis Intra-ASEAN investments has grown in recent years although the level remained far below compared to that from extra-asean. In 2012, FDI inflows largely came from EU-28, Japan and intra-asean. Japan s FDI in the region rose sharply, offsetting the decline from EU-28. Notes: Data for 2012 are preliminary figures; no data available for Brunei Darussalam. Lao PDR and Myanmar s data on by source country are not yet available; intra-/extra-asean breakdowns for 2012 were estimated by the ASEAN Secretariat. Source of data: ASEAN FDI Database 40 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

48 6 Investments in ASEAN 6.2 Net Inflow of Foreign Direct Investments, in percent of GDP percent of GDP 7 Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 6 5 Total Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Extra- ASEAN Myanmar Philippines Singapore 2 1 Intra- ASEAN Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN in percent of GDP As a percentage of GDP, FDI inflows in the region was about 4.8 percent in The highest recorded was in 2007, reaching 6.5 percent. For periods , Singapore reaped the highest FDI inflows as a percentage of GDP at 19.2 percent, followed by Cambodia (at 7.8 percent), and Viet Nam (at 7.3 percent). Meanwhile, the rest of the Member States posted below 5.0 percent. Notes: Data for 2012 are preliminary figures; no data available for Brunei Darussalam. Lao PDR and Myanmar s data on by source country are not yet available; intra-/extra-asean breakdowns for 2012 were estimated by the ASEAN Secretariat. Source of data: ASEAN FDI Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

49 6 Investments in ASEAN 6.3 Net Inflow of Foreign Direct Investments to ASEAN, from by major source country by receiving country China, 4.1% Viet Nam 9.8% Brunei Darussalam 0.6% Cambodia 1.1% Indonesia 16.1% Lao PDR 0.4% Malaysia 9.4% EU, 21.4% ASEAN, 16.9% Japan, 13.2% USA, 8.3%, 36.0% Thailand 10.1% Singapore 48.5% Myanmar 1.8% Philippines 2.3% EU-28 and Japan led the external investors in ASEAN, accounting for almost 35 percent of the total FDI inflows. Singapore secured nearly half of the region s FDI inflows, followed by Indonesia (with 16.1 percent), Thailand (with 10.1 percent) and Malaysia (with 9.4 percent). Notes: Data for 2012 are preliminary figures; no data available for Brunei Darussalam. Lao PDR and Myanmar s data on by source country are not yet available; intra-/extra-asean breakdowns for 2012 were estimated by the ASEAN Secretariat. Source of data: ASEAN FDI Database 42 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

50 6 Investments in ASEAN 6.4 Net Inflows of Foreign Direct Investments to the ASEAN Member States in million US$ 60,000 55,000 50,000 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 in million US$ 14,000 13,000 12,000 11,000 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand ASEAN p/ Cambodia Lao PDR Myanmar Viet Nam CLMV p/ Singapore remained as the leading FDI destination in the ASEAN. FDI inflows to Singapore doubled in 2010, following the global economic crisis in , and since then maintained the US$50 billion plus level of FDI inflows. In recent years, high influx of FDI in Viet Nam ranked it first among the CLMV economies. In 2012, Viet Nam s FDI inflows reached US$8.4 billion. Source of data: ASEAN FDI Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

51 7 ASEAN Priority Integration Sectors 7.1 Trend of Total Exports - 7 Priority Integration Sectors in million US$ 225, ,000 75,000 0 Agro-based Automotive Electronics Fisheries Rubber-based Textiles and Wood-based Apparels For the past years, electronic products remained as the region s main export earner. However, its share to total exports has decreased from 29.5 percent in 2005 to 15.6 percent in Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database 44 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

52 7 ASEAN Priority Integration Sectors 7.2 Trend of Intra-ASEAN Exports - 7 Priority Integration Sectors 60, ,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Agro-based Automotive Electronics Fisheries Rubber-based Textiles and Wood-based Apparels In 2012, intra-asean exports of electronic products declined by 9.3 percent to US$48.6 billion from US$53.6 billion the previous year. Similarly, its share to intra-asean exports has more than halved from 28.4 percent in 2005 to 15.0 in Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

53 7 ASEAN Priority Integration Sectors 7.3 ASEAN Exports - 7 Priority Integration Sectors, annual rate of change in percent Agro-based Automotive Electronics Fisheries Rubber-based Textiles and Wood-based Apparels In 2012, exports of electronic products, accounting for 15.6 of the region s total exports, reversed favorably by 1.0 percent from last year s negative growth. Except for the decline in agro-based (by 6.3 percent) and fisheries products(by 42.6 percent), export receipts from the other 5 Priority Integration Sectors recorded upturns. Automotive products posted the highest growth at 16.6 percent followed by wood-based products (at 14.1 percent) and rubber-based products (at 12.1 percent). Source of data: ASEAN Trade Database 46 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

54 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.1 Total ASEAN Export and Import of Services in billion US Dollars and as percentage of GDP Value in billion US $ % of GDP 350 Total Export, Export; % Total Import, Import; % 15% Total Export, Export; 13.8% % Total Import, Import; 13.3% % 0 0% Source of data: ASEAN Secretariat database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

55 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.2 Total ASEAN Exports by 11 Service Headings Transportation Travel Communication services Construction services Insurance services Financial Services Computer and information services Royalties and license fees Other business services Personal, cultural, and recreational services Government services, n.i.e 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Source of data: ASEAN Secretariat database 48 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

56 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.3 Total ASEAN Imports by 11 Service Headings Transportation Travel Communication services Construction services Insurance services Financial Services Computer and information services Royalties and license fees Other business services Personal, cultural, and recreational services Government services, n.i.e 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Source of data: ASEAN Secretariat database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

57 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.4 Internet Subscribers/User and Cellular Phone Densities (per 1000 persons) in ASEAN Internet subscribers/users per 1000 persons Celullar phone per 1000 persons Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ,000 1,500 2, Internet subscribers/users in the Member States continued to expand in In terms of cellular phone units per 1000 persons, the number increased noticeably in all Member States. Except in Myanmar, the rest of the Member States showed that there are more than 1000 units per 1000 persons - this further implies that 1 person owned more than 1 unit of cellular phone. Source of data: ASEAN Secretariat database 50 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

58 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.5 Ratio of Paved Road to Total Road Length, in percent Value in percent Singapore Brunei Darussalam Philippines Thailand Malaysia Vietnam Nam Indonesia Myanmar Lao PDR Cambodia Source of data: ASEAN Secretariat database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

59 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.6 Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Member States Value in thousand 30, ,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam In 2012, Malaysia continued to be the most visited country in the ASEAN as tourist arrivals reached 25 million. Catching up is Thailand with 22 million and Singapore at 14 million. Tourist arrivals to the region reached 89 million, with 83 percent cornered by the ASEAN6. Nevertheless, foreign visitors to the CLMV were higher by 19.2 percent while tourist arrivals in ASEAN6 increased by 8.2 percent from the previous year. Source of data: ASEAN Tourism Database 52 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

60 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.7 Intra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals Value in thousand 25, ,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Malaysia was way ahead among the ten Member States in intra-asean visitor arrivals at close to 20 million in 2012 while Thailand and Singapore gathered 6.5 million and 5.7 million, respectively. Source of data: ASEAN Secretariat database ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook

61 8 Other Developments in the ASEAN Economic Community 8.8 Total and Intra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals, by country of destination, 2012 Intra-ASEAN Total Malaysia 47.2% Myanmar 0.4% Philippines 0.9% Singapore 14.4% Malaysia 28.1% Myanmar 1.2% Philippines 4.8% Singapore 16.2% Lao PDR 6.8% Indonesia 6.5% Cambodia 3.8% Viet Nam 3.4% Brunei Darussalam 0.3% Thailand 16.2% Lao PDR 3.7% Indonesia 9.0% Cambodia 4.0% Viet Nam 7.7% Brunei Darussalam 0.2% Thailand 25.1% Malaysia garnered 47.2 percent share of intra-asean s tourist arrivals and 28.1 percent of the overall foreign visitors to the region. Source of data: ASEAN Tourism Database 54 ASEAN Economic Community Chartbook 2013

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