Corvallis Sweet Corn Variety TrIal, 1974

Transcription

1 ye. i.eiiofl uctable IPiiies DO COLL ORE COLL Volume 23 Oregon State UniYersity, October 1974 Number 4 Corvallis Sweet Corn Variety TrIal, 1974 Commercial and experimental sweet corn hybrids were planted at the Oregon State University Research Farm on May 17, Each hybrid was grown in six 35 foot plots, arranged in 4 randomized blocks with 15 foot guard plots on the ends - of the field. Seedlings were thinned to 35 plants per plot. A band application of 600 pounds of fertilizer was made prior to planting and about 60 pounds per acre additional N, as ammoniüm nitrate, were applied July 12. Water was applied about every 10 days after the early growth stages. Vigor and uniformity of the planting were good. Yields were usually obtained from 4 replications, with 2 replications picked on each of 2 days,but in some cases all four were picked on the same day. The 2 extra-replications were used - for preliminary harvests. Table 1 shows either 1 or 2 harvest dates, with days to maturity calculated to the first. - Processing tests were made on 13 of the most promising vane-ties. - Results of panel evaluatiors of processed samples are shown in Table 3. The varieties included in this trial also were planted in a commercial field at Scio, Oregon, for a test of head smut resistande. This test, reported in Table 2, also included 14 varieties not planted in the yield trial. Eight varieties were also included in a larger trial involving spacing variables Results are shown in Table 4 as mean of all treatments since there were no spacing-variety interactions. One of these varieties, (source 2), was not included in the remainder of the trial. Table Headings - Sources of varieties - - Charter Seed Company, P.O. Box Y, Twin Falls, Idaho Rogers Bros., P.O. Box 2188, Idaho Falls, Idaho Asgrow Seed Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan FerryMorseSeed Company, Box 967,- Mountain View, California FMC Seeds, Western Research, P.O. Box 2508, El Macero, California (6) Harris Seeds, Moreton Farm, Rochester, - New York Row straightness, tip fill: -1 to 5 score - with the most desirable as 5. Taper: 1 to 5 sèoré with 5 for the most taper. - - Matnrity uniformity: a general estimate, based on husked ears, of uniformity of maturity. - The following varieties, excluding the standard 'Jubilee', appeared to deserve special discussion, -based on yield or other consideratiors - Tendertrèat - good yield and-quality scores, but quite susceptible to smut. - Mainliner - fair yield and quality, especially frozen, and fairly smut resistant. COmmander - fa-ir to good yield (harvested at 74%- moistute in both -trials), very good quality - scores and good Smut resistance; very late maturity Stylepak fair yield, good quality (especially in appeaance and color, but not high in flavor), fairly- good smut resistance. -- NOC very high yield and very good- Smut resistance; not processed, but appeared to be t-ough and has a bad taper. - NCX good yield and smut resistance, but only fair quality scores, rating down on texture-and flavor; results in previous years have been about the same. -- NCX good-yield and fair smut resistance; not processed but should have been;- should be evaluated aga-in. Rapidpak- early maturity, excellent quality scores - highest overall score for both canning and freezing; very good smut resistance; yield - only fair Fanfare - 'yield in regular trial fair (-harvested at 74.6 moisture) ; adjusted yield in - spacing trial very good; smut resistance fairly good; quality scores down incanned samples, - especially fol-color, but this may have -been affected by maturity also fair yield and very good smut resistance; quau-ty fair in both canned -and frozen samples, good forflavor (Continued next page)--

2 Table 1. Characteristics of Sweet Corn Varieties Observed at Corvallis, Oregon, 1974 Evetsweet Harvest Avg. Ear Avg. Kernel Date Days to Length Diameter Depth Row Row Tip m No. Uniformity Av erage re oder- No. Variety Source A B Mature (inch) (inch) ( m) Str. Fill Tnper Na t. Ear Kernel,ess b Tenderrreat Mainliner 1 9 S ill L Commander Comanche Tendersweet Apache Rapidj,k L Sty1eyaj E E I NCX NCX NCX NCX2004 (Florida) Harmony JL Sundance Jubilee Golden Cross Bantam Fanfare _ Suckers JL 49 - a home garden variety with excellent smut resistance. Four additional varieties not included in the yield test should be mentioned because of outstanding low smut readings: 'Sweet Sue' and NCX 2010 with 0%, NCX 2007 with 4%, and with 3%. --J. R. Baggett and H. J. Mack Mort.i culture Department --G. W. Varseveld Food Science and Technology Department

3 Table 1. (Cant.) Variety Notes Tips slightly ragged; co lot fair Color good and quite uni form, but Light color; tips somewh at rough; Kernels fairly wide; mos t coarse Many imma ture. - uniform. slightly light. slightly variable in maturity. in appearance; color slightly light. 6 Good colar; slightly var table col or. 7 Good quality; tenderness and flayor; good whole ear pak but tips somewhat variable. Possibly shou Id be plcked 1-2 days late. Some slightly curved; hard to p i ck. 8 Color good, slightly var iable. 9 Color uni form and light; medium early; may be good medium early garden corn. 10 Good cob r; good quality ; good whole ear, tight. 11 Color var iable; slightly bumpy. 12 Very good color and kernel type; some row break. 13 Uniform; light, but good color. 14 Good and fairly even color; generally not refined, now break toward shank. 15 Not very refined looking; taper not even; strong and consistent row; break 1/3 up from tip. 16 Very many unfilled culls; slightly light color; taper very bad. 17 Very good color; length variable. 18 Slightly coarse kernel type; good yield; should have processed this. 19 Slightly rough and uneven; good yield, good color. See No Attractive smooth bi-color; many aborted ears; row break near shank; good for early garden. 21 Variable taper and ear diameter; color medium and very uniform; almost every plant had one very small ear. 22 Smooth and uniform. 23 Medium high ears; hard to pick. 24 Good and even color. 25 Medium wide kernel; uniform sl:lghtly light color.

4 Table 2. Mean Yield Data Prom Four Replications, Corvallis; and Head Smut Resistance Test, Scio, Oregon _1- Water3 r No. Name Sn L...,rrp T'A Wi-. TJA inn p'-i Wt. TIAL Lb./Ear Reo. 1 Reo. KST) 1..._ Tendertreat ::.: 2.: 44 (.4.0 Il r:.o (1 :: 38 :: _ Mn11,, 1 17 A.: 2:: 8 2 ii A 1' 'i I Li A0_1ARO :: ( _16R6* 2 L.: Ii 0 :: ss 4 11 j U ','..;. : :: i.:.2 1L :_.; 71 :..: 741) : 4 4 1) ( ;. IL 1) 1.1.:: 4M 12 : i: o ii : S 11 rr.-.i, IA (1 in W1111!L.. A i:.i II. 54 :.: S A.: 54 7j : : A in n i:: S Ph7U : A lao :;: A :.: si :: :: s P17(10 4 ac.: Lii 3: I.: SI :-- i.5./u 4i I 16 TiCY7A4...:: 1,, :.o 'i :: AS :;.L 7U 14 0 U: 12 in :: a --1:- 13 s i:.. --.: 1 :: : 7 ii 42 ::.:: : 4 MCV7flflA (P1n,i (1 8.0 AS 73.4 U 5 II Ha 6 A.., S fiji JL Ii 249 A L : 56-11_i 3.7 ::: --. r isundance ill i M T,,hl1n* 7. I / :: 1) _ in :.: s Sri :: :: : i:: 7 : r (1 4 U 25 Frn,frp / 26 A U : : 7 i :: Gross Wt. Cul rnf.t-1-lnn 100 Ears/A _ Il A) i i in 6.4 Al 72 2 n 0 4 (1 U 7 46 'i MCY700R '-i I 11) 11 7 Ii U U NCX L6 18 :: 'M NCV7A1P I S: 10 U: 30 NCY I: II : NCV7(i1 (1 (1 11 (1 11 a 32 5( :: si I. II 4 is 4 33LL: :.: _L IS :; : 10 5 is as :: :: 77_17r J U In 17 36,.,,.,, 32 : S A IA i: 7 27 Mean *Yield data from less than 4 replications; not included in analyses of variance. i-varieties were included in the Smut test only. 2LSD for wt. good ears per 5% % tons/acre. 3% moisture of varieties included in processing quality tests. 4From four plots, about 16 long and about 25 plants/plot, arranged in randomized blocks in two long rows; planted May 28, results read September 10.

5 Table 3. Panel Quality Evaluation, Processed Sweet Corn Varieties) No. Variety 7 7 Mois- Cut ture Off Overall Canned Sa.i es Individual Overall Frozen Sa.ies Ti Flay Individual Quality Cnlnr Aonear. Text Flay. Remarks O,alit-v -, ('1. Remarks 1 Eversweet Tendertreat Mainliner b.b Commsnder RapidpakL RapidpakL I 13 Stylepak E42O NCX NCX , Jubilee Jubilee Fanfare I Sl. pale, var. kornol chnn 51. dull Small kernl, vrisl flavor paleyellow, flat k.rnel fnioh skin Deep color Bright gold-yellow, ci -n,,ah -cvf-,,ra Quite bland flavor, tough Tough; lacks sweet flavor Si. dull and pale Bright yellow-gold; chalky flavor Dull gray-yellow, flat kernel Unif. bright yellow; si. tough Orange spotted; bland flavor Quite tough, flat ker- nel. iac..i f avor various flavor Si. bland flavor Soft pasty text.; v Tough; sl. starchy Si. tough Definite orange spot; ernei shape 1Average scores of 9-11 evaluators; scoring from 1.0 (poor) to 9.0 (outstsndiog). harvests Of 'Rapidpak' one day apart. 3Second sample of 'Jubilee' was from a different planting, 12 days later.

6 Table 4. Average Yield of Sweet Corn Varieties in Variety-Spacing Test' No. Variety Plant Height (ft. uate of Full Silk Yield-T/A Husked Acceot. Moisture Kernels 2 Adjusted Yield TIA Ear Wt. (lb.) Husked Cut-off 1 Eversweet 8.5 8/ Tendertreat 9.2 8/ Commander 9.8 8/ Raidpak 8.2 7/ NCX /1 8.4 in Jubilee 9.0 8/ Fanfare 8.8 7/ / TPlanted May 21. Yields shown are averages for three spacings (6, 9 and 12 inches between plants in 36" rows) with five replications for each spacing. No varietyspacing interactiojis. LSD for 5% 0.5 T/A. 2For each 1% change in moisture above or below 7-2%, yield was-adjusted 2.4%. 3Cut-of-f% basedon husked ear wt. AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION of Oregon State University Corvallis, Oregon Publication Penalty for private use $300 POSTAGE PAID Ui. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGR 101 THIRD CLASS BULK RT. S. MAIL