First Results. Parabolic Trough Workshop Ontario, CA August 1999

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2 First Results Parabolic Trough Workshop Ontario, CA August 1999

3 Objective EuroTrough - Project Summary (1) Design and prototyping of an advanced cost effective Parabolic Trough Collector g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

4 Partners EuroTrough - Project Summary (2) Instalaciones Abengoa SA, División Taller ( INABENSA ) // Spain Schlaich Bergermann und Partner ( SBP ) // Germany FICHTNER GmbH & Co KG ( FICHTNER ) // Germany Pilkington Solar International ( PILKSOL ) // Germany Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.v. ( DLR ) // Germany Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas ( CIEMAT ) // Spain Centre for Renewable Energy Sources, ( CRES ) // Greece Budget 2,402,514 (( 1,199,899 funded by the European Commission )) g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

5 Main Tasks Performed Conceptual Design Collector Specifications, Load and Design Assumptions Wind Tunnel Test Recalculation of Existing Space Frame Structure Design and Evaluation of Torque Tube Design Design and Evaluation of Torque Box Design g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

6 General Collector Specifications Design Goals Dimensions: LS-3 type Reflectors and Absorbers Tubes should be be used Weight of of the Support Structure: Less than LS-3 Overall allowed deformation in in operation (due to to the most severe combination of of design loads): Smaller than mrad Wind Load Assumptions Operation Wind: 0 m/s 14.3 m/s Deformations within tolerances in in any position Transient Wind: m/s Maximum tolerable wind speed experienced by by the SCA in in operation or or while moving to to stow in in response to to wind alarm. Stress within tolerances + sufficient drive power in in any position Survival Wind: 31.3 m/s Stress within tolerances in in stow position g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

7 Wind Tunnel Test Determination of of the C p p values for for different wind speeds, wind directions, and different collector angles at at different positions along a row and at at different row locations in in the solar field The The matrix below summarizes the the measured average cc p p values for for different wind zones in in the the collector field for for Stow Position Edge-Zone Transition-Zone Regular-Zone Position of CE Pitch-angle Wind-Dir Cp Value Pitch-angle Wind-Dir Cp Value Pitch-angle Wind-Dir Cp Value [ ] [ ] [-] [ ] [ ] [-] [ ] [ ] [-] CpHorizmax CpHorizmax CpHorizmax Rows 45 CpHorizmin -1.8 CpHorizmin -1.5 CpHorizmin -1.6 Windward DeltaCpTors DeltaCpTors DeltaCpTors CpHorizmax CpHorizmax CpHorizmax Row 45 CpHorizmin -1.7 CpHorizmin -1.1 CpHorizmin -0.2 Windward DeltaCpTors DeltaCpTors DeltaCpTors CpHorizmax CpHorizmax CpHorizmax Rows 45 CpHorizmin -1.7 CpHorizmin -1 CpHorizmin -0.2 Windward DeltaCpTors DeltaCpTors DeltaCpTors 0.3 Measurements for Zone C Design Measurements for Zone B Design Measurements for Zone A Design g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

8 Results for wind loads applied to SCA structure Forces [kn/m²] for for a maximum bending wind load case Forces [kn/m²] for for a maximum twisting wind load case g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

9 Analyzed Designs Space Frame Design (LS3) as Reference Torque Tube Design Torque Box Design g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

10 Deformation Analysis - 1 Torque Tube Design B -- Zone B, B, Operation FEM -- Deformation Analysis during Operation: Load Case Dead Load 180 / 90 Maximum Wind Bending Maximum Wind Torsion Displacement Point A (lateral) [mm] Distortion Surface ϕ z (average) [mrad] Torsion Axis C (one CE) [mrad] m/a m/ϕ z m/c 22,2 0, ,0 2,1 2, ,6 2,0 3, g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

11 Deformation Analysis - 2 Torque Box Design C -- Zone C, C, Operation FEM -- Deformation Analysis during Operation: Load Case Dead Load 180 / 90 Displacement Point A (lateral) [mm] Distortion Surface ϕ z (average) [mrad] Torsion Axis C (one CE) [mrad] m/a m/ϕ z m/c 4,48 1,1 0, Maximum Wind Bending Maximum Wind Torsion 6,60 2,5 1, ,30 4,2 4, g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

12 First Results - 1 Summary of of Results -- Zone A Existing Regular Version Torque Tube Design A Torque Box Design A Weight 1045 kg 895 kg 915 kg Use of Sections (Survival 32% 55% 48% /Stow) Maximum Wind Bending 10,5 mm 35,0 mm 7,08 mm Distortion Point A Maximum Wind Bending 4,15 mrad 1,6 mrad 1,6 mrad Distortion surface Maximum Wind Torsion 4,2 mrad 1,9 mrad 1,7 mrad Distortion surface Maximum Wind Torsion Distortion Axis C 4,4 mrad 2,0 mrad 1,69 mrad g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

13 First Results - 2 Summary of of Results -- Zone A, A, Operation Distortion of of collector surface [mm x 60] for Maximum Wind Bending g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

14 First Results - 3 Summary of of Results -- Zone A, A, Operation Distortion of of collector surface [mm x 60] for Maximum Wind Torsion g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

15 Reflector Improvement First Results Parabolic Trough Workshop Ontario, CA August 1999

16 Reflector Improvement Objective Improvement of Trough Reflectors Analyzed Options Different Pad Attachments Thicker Glass Larger Pads Thicker Silicon Layer Different Pad Locations g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

17 Pad Attachments Fixed Attachment Flexible Attachment Ball Attachment g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

18 LS Inner Reflector Flexible Attachment g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

19 LS Inner Reflector - Upper Pad Flexible Attachment g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

20 EuroTrough Inner Reflector Ball Attachment g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

21 EuroTrough Inner Reflector - Upper Pad Ball Attachment g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

22 Reflector Distortion [mm x 80] g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

23 LS Glass Thickness σ max σ max smax smax Thickness 6 7 [mm] 7 [mm] g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results

24 Reflector Improvement - First Results Change Type of Attachment Flexible (LS-3) Fixed (LS-2) Ball (Eurothrough) σ max Factor σ avg Factor σ max Factor σ avg Factor σ max Factor σ avg Factor Base case Larger pads (4x) Thicker silicon layer (5mm) Thicker glass (5mm) Different pad location (15cm) worse worse g:\us\eurotrough\et_first_results