The Electric VTOL Revolution

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1 /Heli-Expo-2018 The Electric VTOL Revolution Mike Hirschberg, Executive Director AHS International

2 Mike Hirschberg, Executive Director AHS International The Vertical Flight Society Michael Thacker, Executive VP Technology & Innovation Bell Mark Moore, Director of Aviation Engineering, Uber Greg Bowles, VP for Global Innovation & Policy General Aviation Manufacturers Association Dr. Mike Romanowski, Director of Policy & Innovation FAA Aircraft Certification Service

swashplate Transmissions, gearboxes, shafting, hydraulics, etc.

3 Not this! Cars were not buggies with mechanical horses Eliminate complex rotors Cyclic, collective, swashplate Transmissions, gearboxes, shafting, hydraulics, etc. Distributed Electric Propulsion Replace single complex system with multiple simple thrusters Get on a wing for efficiency Higher speed, longer range Environment Noise, noise, noise! Tailpipe emissions 3

4 Advancements in electric motors + Advancements in batteries + Advancements in computer modeling and simulation + Advancements in composites + Change in FAR Part 23 + Tech innovations + Tech investments >> $1B in 3 yrs = Enable new configurations for new VTOL missions! 4

5 5 We re living in a changing world.... We need to change how we work as an industry. We can t get comfortable with our barriers to entry, that we can move slowly, that we can create at a slower pace than other industries. We ve not yet had a Tesla come and rev our engines and show us who we need to be. Lynn Tilton, CEO of MD Helicopters (and several automotive companies), Heli-Expo 2016 Ref: AHS Commentary: "The Tesla of Vertical Flight? Vertiflite, May-June 2016

Founded as The American Helicopter Society, Inc. 75 years ago in Connecticut on Feb.

Aircraft received its order for the first American helicopters on January 5, 1943 (28 XR-4 helicopters) The first

academia and government Now the global Vertical Flight Technical Society 6,000 individual and 95 corporate members

6 Founded as The American Helicopter Society, Inc. 75 years ago in Connecticut on Feb. 25, 1943 For the purpose of collecting, compiling and disseminating information concerning the helicopter Sikorsky Aircraft received its order for the first American helicopters on January 5, 1943 (28 XR-4 helicopters) The first and longest-serving helicopter non-profit Includes engineers, scientists, innovators and leaders from industry, academia and government Now the global Vertical Flight Technical Society 6,000 individual and 95 corporate members Sikorsky XR-4 helicopter Courtesy of Sikorsky Aircraft Corp. 75 Years of Advancing Vertical Flight First Annual AHS Awards Banquet Oct. 7,

AHS has a proud history of advocacy and support Helped in establishment of NASA-Army joint

Provided major support to transformative initiatives Joint Strike Fighter/F-35B STOVL V-22

Future Vertical Lift (FVL)/Joint Multi-Role (JMR) Electric and hybrid-electric VTOL (evtol)

7 AHS has a proud history of advocacy and support Helped in establishment of NASA-Army joint office, VLRCOEs, NRTC, RITA/VLC Worked with NASA and DOD to save the NFAC wind tunnel Provided major support to transformative initiatives Joint Strike Fighter/F-35B STOVL V-22 Osprey tiltrotor Providing major foundational support to new transformative initiatives Future Vertical Lift (FVL)/Joint Multi-Role (JMR) Electric and hybrid-electric VTOL (evtol) NFAC 40 ft x 80 ft wind tunnel Courtesy of NASA Future Vertical Lift (FVL) Sikorsky-Boeing Defiant and Bell Valor 7

Transformative Vertical Flight Workshops Building community & developing industry roadmap Since 2014, annual series with NASA, etc. 1. Aug 2014, Arlington, Virginia 2.

8 Transformative Vertical Flight Workshops Building community & developing industry roadmap Since 2014, annual series with NASA, etc. 1. Aug 2014, Arlington, Virginia 2. Aug 2015, NASA Ames, California 3. Sep 2016, Hartford, Connecticut 4. Jun 2017, Denver, Colorado 5. Jan 2018, San Francisco, California 6. Jan 2019, Phoenix, Arizona 7. Jan 2020, Mountain View, California Presentations, videos and links at AHS website: >50 companies developing electric and hybrid/electric VTOL aircraft Uber Elevate Unveiled at 4th Workshop in Sep 2016 White Paper in Oct 2016 / Summit in April 2017 Developing an Ecosystem Partnerships with cities, real estate companies, aircraft OEMs, EV charger manufacturers & cities Connecting innovators, investors, regulators, technical experts, standards organizations 8

9 www.vtol.org San Francisco, Jan. 16-19, 2018 www.vtol.org/tvf-2018 Watershed event with technologists from Traditional: NASA, Army, OEMs, suppliers, etc.

9 9 San Francisco, Jan , Watershed event with technologists from Traditional: NASA, Army, OEMs, suppliers, etc. evtol: Joby, Zee, Carter, Terrafugia, Aurora, etc. New tech: Uber, Amazon, Toyota, Intel, etc. Big OEMs: Embraer, Boeing, Airbus, etc. Technical community has embraced the future of vertical flight AHS provides the forum for understanding and collaboration Uber evtol Reference Model 001 AHS Recognized as a Leader in Electric VTOL

10 AHS Photo by Ian Frain 10

11 A³ By Airbus Photo by Stefan Silvers

12 12

13 13

The pilot managed a vertical takeoff, 15 minutes of flight in a 15-mile loop, and a

Powered by electric motors and sophisticated control software, the taxi performs

and then fly at twice the speed of a helicopter while making about as much noise as

14 The pilot managed a vertical takeoff, 15 minutes of flight in a 15-mile loop, and a safe landing. Powered by electric motors and sophisticated control software, the taxi performs like a cross between a drone and a small plane, able to zip straight up on takeoff and then fly at twice the speed of a helicopter while making about as much noise as a swarm of superbees. Joby S4 4-Seat all-electric 6-propeller tiltrotor Ultra-quiet 200 mph Robison R44 4-Seat piston Single-main rotor 135 mph 14

15 Full Scale XV-24A 5.9 t, hybrid electric electric fans 3x 1 MW Generators 1 RR Liberty engine 6k shp (4.5 MW) 300 kt (555 km/h) First Flight 2018 Subscale Vehicle Demonstrator (SVD) 150 kg, all electric, 20% scale Graphics courtesy of Aurora Flight Sciences Manassas, Virginia, USA 15

16 Full Scale evtol concept 800 kg, all electric 8 VTOL electric props 1 pusher electric prop 97 kt (180 km/h) First Flight 2018 ¼-scale demonstrator 12.5 kg, all electric Graphics courtesy of Aurora Manassas, Virginia, USA 16

17 Photos courtesy of Volocopter GmbH 17

18 2-seat Eagle LiliumJet prototype 640 kg, all electric 5-seat LiliumJet concept 2-seat Eagle LiliumJet prototype 36 electric fans 24 on wings 12 on canards 160 kt (300 km/h) Eagle first flight April 2017 Graphics courtesy of Lilium Aviation Garching, Germany 18

Carbon Fiber & Epoxy Structure Lighter weight Greater design flexibility

Three Ducted Fans Forward: 6 ft-dia pivoting fans Aft-body: 5 ft-dia fan;

efficient Powers 3 generators (redundant) Generators power electric motors

19 Carbon Fiber & Epoxy Structure Lighter weight Greater design flexibility Fly By Wire Flight Controls Reduced Pilot Workload Stability Enhancement Three Ducted Fans Forward: 6 ft-dia pivoting fans Aft-body: 5 ft-dia fan; closed for forward flight 1,000 SHP Engine Light weight Reliable and fuel efficient Powers 3 generators (redundant) Generators power electric motors Dual Electric Motors Two per fan, 260 kw each Redundant can operate with one Provide 1.30 thrust factor Energy Storage Unit (Batteries) 3 battery packs Provide supplemental lift in VTOL mode Re-charged during flight 19

20 Photo by Steve Eggleston

AHS photo by Kenneth I. Swartz www.vtol.

21 AHS photo by Kenneth I. Swartz Electric Ultralight (250 lb) 21

Tilt Thrust 16. Lilium Jet Wingless Hover Bikes/Hover Seats 1. A³ by Airbus Vahana 2. AirspaceX MOBi 3. Aurora Flight Sciences LightningStrike 4. Autonomous Flight Y6S 5. Bartini Flying Car 6.

22 Tilt Thrust 16. Lilium Jet Wingless Hover Bikes/Hover Seats 1. A³ by Airbus Vahana 2. AirspaceX MOBi 3. Aurora Flight Sciences LightningStrike 4. Autonomous Flight Y6S 5. Bartini Flying Car 6. Bell (Air Taxi) 7. Carter Aviation CarterCopter 8. DeLorean Aerospace DR-7 9. Digi Robotics Droxi 10. Digi Robotics DroFire 11. Embraer unnamed 12. EVA X HopFlyt (unnamed) 14. JAXA Hornisse 2B 15. Joby Aviation S4 17. Mooney (unnamed) 18. Pipistrel (unnamed) 19. Terrafugia TF-X 20. VerdeGo Aero PAT Vimana (unnamed) 22. VRCO NeoXCraft 23. XTI Aircraft Trifan 600 Lift + Cruise 1. Aurora Flight Sciences evtol 2. Flexcraft (unnamed) 3. HoverSurf Formula 4. Napoleon Aero VTOL 5. Sikorsky VERT 6. SKYLYS Aircraft AO 7. Zee Aero Z-P Airbus Helicopters CityAirbus 2. Avianovations Hepard 3. Cartivator SkyDrive 4. Dekatone (unnamed) 5. EHang Jetpack Aviation (unnamed) 7. Volocopter VC200 / 2X 8. Workhorse SureFly 9. Passenger Drone 10. PAV-X PAVX 11. PAV-X PAV-UL Ultralight 1. Alauda Airspeeder 2. Davinci ZeroG (Prototype) 3. Flike 4. Flyt Aerospace FlytCycle 5. HoverSurf Drone Taxi R-1 6. HoverSurf Scorpion 7. Kalashnikov (unnamed) 8. Kitty Hawk Flyer 9. Kyxz Mendoza Gravity X 10. Malloy Hoverbike 11. Neva Aerospace AirQuadOne 22

23 23 Terrafugia Transition AeroMobil

Engineering, Uber Greg Bowles, VP for Global Innovation & Policy General Aviation

24 Mike Hirschberg, Executive Director AHS International The Vertical Flight Society Michael Thacker, Executive VP Technology & Innovation Bell Mark Moore, Director of Aviation Engineering, Uber Greg Bowles, VP for Global Innovation & Policy General Aviation Manufacturers Association Dr. Mike Romanowski, Director of Policy & Innovation FAA Aircraft Certification Service

Mike Hirschberg, Executive Director AHS International The Vertical Flight Technical Society

www.vtol.org Mike Hirschberg, Executive Director AHS International The Vertical Flight Technical Society www.vtol.org Uber graphic April 2017 1 The global Vertical Flight Technical Society Founded in 1943