NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 1

Transcription

1 National Fire Protection Association 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA Phone: Fax: AGENDA NEC Code-Making Panel 18 First Draft Meeting January 12-14, 2015 Hilton Head, SC Item No. Subject Call to Order Introduction of Members and Guests Approval of A2013 ROC Meeting Minutes Review of Meeting Procedures and Revision Schedule Comments/Questions from Committee Members Task Group Reports Processing of Public Inputs Fire Protection Research Foundation Requests Old Business New Business Adjournment NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 1

2 National Fire Protection Association 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA Phone: Fax: NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE CODE-MAKING PANEL 18 Report on Comments Meeting Minutes 1. List date(s) and location of meeting: December 3, 2012 Crowne Plaza, Redondo Beach, CA 2. List names of TC members and guests in attendance (or attach sign-in sheets): See attached sign-in sheets 3. List names of guests addressing the Panel (if any), the subject of their address, and the length of time they spoke: None 4. Number of public Comments acted upon: Number of Panel generated comments: 1 6. If applicable, list the appointment of any Task Groups that will be working on any Panel subject subsequent to the Panel Meeting, along with the names of the members of the Task Group(s). None 7. If applicable, list any request(s) contained in a Panel Statement that requires Technical Correlating Committee attention: None 8. If applicable, list any Panel Actions that, in your opinion, should to be referred to another Panel(s) for correlation: None 9. List any Comments that should be referred to the Toxicity Advisory Committee: None NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 2

3 10. Identify any issues that should be brought to the attention of the NFPA Research Foundation for their input and assistance: CMP 18 wishes to reiterate and request consideration of the project proposed at the 2012 ROP meeting. The proposed project would evaluate the effects of electric discharge lighting on Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI) devices. Public comments received and acted on by CMP 18 reinforces the conclusions by the panel that there is a need and demand by NEC users to better understand the dynamic relationship between the fire-preventing devices and other conveniences of electricity. The risk of not providing scientific evidence as to whether the devices are compatible is that the public will not incorporate the safety function into their installations and credibility of the code-making process will be jeopardized. 11. List all Comments related to combustibles in plenums or other air handling spaces: None 12. List any general Panel requests for information or assistance from the Technical Correlating Committee: None 13. List any additional information that you feel would be helpful to the Technical Correlating Committee, Staff, or to the process in general: None 14. Were any units of measure "Accepted" by the panel that are not listed in Annex C of the NEC Style Manual? None Bobby J Gray Name (Please Print) December 6, 2012 Date NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 3

4 Panel PI's Include file Title none Public Input No Physical Damage all none Public Input No Actual volts all none Public Input No various global editorial all none Public Input No V DC all none Public Input No.4329 All Definitions all A Public Input No Nominal all Section Panel A Public Input No , Attachment Fitting 18 A Public Input No , Attachment Fitting 18 A Public Input No , Attachment Fitting 18 A Public Input No , Attachment Fitting 18 A Public Input No , Attachment Fitting 18 A Public Input No , Attachment Fitting 18 A Public Input No , Electric Sign. 18 none Public Input No , Festoon Cable. 18 none Public Input No , Receptacle. 18 none Public Input No , Receptacle. 18 none Public Input No Article none Public Input No.906 Section No none Public Input No.2020 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.2018 Section No none Public Input No.2584 Section No none Public Input No.2536 Section No (A) 18 PI Child Day Care facility 18 none Public Input No.1371 Section after 406.3(D)(2) 18 none Public Input No Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.2562 Section No (D) 18 CI Public Input No.736 Section No (E) 18 none Public Input No.3506 Section No (E) 18 A Public Input No (E) 18 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 4

5 Panel PI's none Public Input No (E) 18 none Public Input No.2805 Section No (E) 18 none Public Input No.3414 Section No none Public Input No Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.2565 Sections 406.4(A), 406.4(B), 406.4(C) 18 none Public Input No.3036 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.1683 Section No (D) 18 none Public Input No.2567 Sections 406.4(D)(1), 406.4(D)(2), 406.4(D)(3) 18 none Public Input No.2023 Section No (D)(2) 18 none Public Input No.140 Section No (D)(2) 18 none Public Input No Section No (D)(2) 18 none Public Input No Section No (D)(2) 18 none Public Input No Section No (D)(2) 18 none Public Input No.2556 Section No (D)(3) 18 none Public Input No.203 Section No (D)(3) 18 none Public Input No.141 Section No (D)(3) 18 none Public Input No.1043 Section No (D)(3) 18 none Public Input No.958 Section No (D)(4) 18 none Public Input No.390 Section No (D)(4) 18 none Public Input No.2024 Section No (D)(4) 18 none Public Input No.1365 Section No (D)(5) 18 none Public Input No.1753 Sections 406.5(E), 406.5(F), 406.5(G), 406.5(H) 18 none Public Input No.2025 Section No (H) 18 none Public Input No.1370 Section after 406.6(C) 18 none Public Input No.2601 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.759 Section No (B)(1) 18 none Public Input No.2304 Section No (B)(1) 18 none Public Input No Section No (B)(2) 18 none Public Input No.2603 Section No none Public Input No.2022 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.1363 Section after (C) 18 none Public Input No.1995 Section No none Public Input No.1258 Section No none Public Input No.1040 Section No A Public Input No Section No none Public Input No.497 Section No none Public Input No.414 Section No (A) 18 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 5

6 Panel PI's none Public Input No.1893 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.3325 Section No (C) 18 none Public Input No.105 Section No (C) 18 A Public Input No Section after A Public Input No Section after none Public Input No.1876 Section No none Public Input No.2568 Section No (E) 18 none Public Input No.4647 Article none Public Input No Section No none Public Input No.2428 Section No none Public Input No.908 Section No none Public Input No A Public Input No.2929 Section No (D) 18 none Public Input No.3490 Section No (E) 18 none Public Input No.468 Section after A Public Input No.2429 Section No none Public Input No.2817 Section No A Public Input No Section after (A) 18 A Public Input No Section after (A) 18 none Public Input No.2613 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.2138 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.2940 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.1153 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No , Part V., , , , none Public Input No Section No (D) 18 none Public Input No Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.2617 Sections (A), (B) 18 none Public Input No.2362 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.4019 Section No (C) 18 none Public Input No Section No (C) 18 none Public Input No.435 Section No (C)(1) 18 none Public Input No.2618 Section No (C)(1) 18 none Public Input No.2619 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.2041 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.1222 Section No (1) 18 A Public Input No.100 Section No (1) 18 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 6

7 Panel PI's none Public Input No Section No (1) 18 none Public Input No.2716 Section No (3) 18 none Public Input No.2036 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.2038 Section No none Public Input No.1729 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.2039 Section No none Public Input No.2585 Section No (C) 18 none Public Input No.2040 Section No (C) 18 none Public Input No.2621 Section No (D) 18 none Public Input No.2622 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.2042 Article none Public Input No.1888 Article none Public Input No.3312 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.869 Section No none Public Input No.3318 Section No none Public Input No.3246 Section No none Public Input No.1574 Section No none Public Input No.872 Section No none Public Input No.2957 Section No none Public Input No Section after 600.4(A) 18 none Public Input No.3498 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.2139 Section No (C)(3) 18 CI Public Input No.3532 Section after 600.6(A)(1) 18 CI Public Input No.3525 Section after 600.6(A)(1) 18 none Public Input No.3549 Section after 600.6(B) 18 none Public Input No.3864 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.386 Section No (A)(1) 18 CI Public Input No.3505 Section No (A)(1) 18 none Public Input No.1951 Section No (A)(1) 18 none Public Input No Section No (A)(1) 18 none Public Input No.3542 Section No (A)(2) 18 none Public Input No.3546 Section No (A)(3) 18 none Public Input No Section No (A)(3) 18 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 7

8 Panel PI's none Public Input No.3788 Section No none Public Input No.3793 Section No (C)(1) 18 none Public Input No.3553 Section No none Public Input No.3556 Section No (C) 18 none Public Input No Section No (C) 18 none Public Input No Section No (E) 18 none Public Input No.922 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.2087 Section No none Public Input No.923 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.3563 Section No none Public Input No.924 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.3794 Section No (A)(5) 18 A Public Input No.3607 Section after (D) 18 none Public Input No.3598 Section No none Public Input No Section No A Public Input No.3600 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.3603 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.3796 Section No (D) 18 A Public Input No Sections (A)(1), (A)(2) 18 none Public Input No.925 Section No (H) 18 none Public Input No.3805 Section No none Public Input No.926 Section No none Public Input No.3810 Section No (B) 18 none Public Input No.3812 Section No (A) 18 none Public Input No.4058 Section No (C) 18 A Public Input No (B) 18 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 8

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10 Page 1 of 1 11/20/2014 Public Input No NFPA [ Global Input ] Change "physical damage" to "mechanical damage" The term "physical damage" is often a source of confusion. One of the points of confusion is what is included in "physical damage"; for example, is exposure to corrosive gas included? I believe other language in the code covers that type of situation, and "mechanical damage" more clearly reflects the intent of the requirements in the NEC that currently refer to "physical damage". Submitter Full Name: Christel Hunter Organization: General Cable Submittal Date: Mon Sep 22 20:02:13 EDT 2014 Copyright Assignment I, Christel Hunter, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement of Problem and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in any publication of the NFPA in which this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. I hereby warrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full power and authority to enter into this copyright assignment. By checking this box I affirm that I am Christel Hunter, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by checking this box, I am creating an electronic signature that will, upon my submission of this form, have the same legal force and effect as a handwritten signature NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 10

11 Page 1 of 2 Public Input No NFPA [ Global Input ] Search for Replace with 50 volts 50 actual volts 50 Volts 50 Actual Volts 50-volts 50-actual-volts 50-Volts 50-Actual-Volts Search for 150 volts 150 actual volts 150 Volts 150 Actual Volts 150-volts 150-Volts Search for 150-actual-volts 150-Actual-Volts 300 volts 300 actual volts 300 Volts 300 Actual Volts 300-volts 300-Volts Search for 300-actual-volts 300-Actual Volts 2000 volts 2000 actual volts 2000 Volts 2000 Actual Volts Search for 2001 volts 2001 actual volts 2001 Volts 2001 Actual Volts Search for 5000 volts 5000 actual volts 5000 Volts 5000 Actual Volts Search for 35,000 volts 35,000 actual volts 35,000 Volts 35,000 Actual Volts Replace with Replace with Replace with Replace with Replace with Replace with 35,000 V 35,000 Actual V These search and replace operations will pick up all references to the listed voltages, alll of which are actual rather than nominal values. This section uses voltages that are "actual" hard limits. Refer to the substantiation for 1902 for more information. Related Public Inputs for This Document NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page /20/2014

12 Page 2 of 2 11/20/2014 Related Input Public Input No NFPA [Global Input] Relationship This submission depends on 1902 Submitter Full Name: JAMES WILLIAMS Organization: none Affilliation: Retired Master Electrician Submittal Date: Wed Oct 15 19:51:34 EDT 2014 Copyright Assignment I, JAMES WILLIAMS, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement of Problem and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in any publication of the NFPA in which this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. I hereby warrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full power and authority to enter into this copyright assignment. By checking this box I affirm that I am JAMES WILLIAMS, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by checking this box, I am creating an electronic signature that will, upon my submission of this form, have the same legal force and effect as a handwritten signature NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 12

13 Page 1 of 1 11/20/2014 Public Input No NFPA [ Global Input ] for "provided that the" read "if the" for "provided that it" read "if it" for "provided that all" read "if all" for "provided that such" read "if the" NEC_StyleManual_2011.pdf: Word Clarity. Words and terms used in the NEC shall be specific and clear in meaning, and shall avoid jargon, trade terminology, industry-specific terms, or colloquial language that is difficult to understand. NEC language shall be brief, clear, and emphatic. The following are examples of old-fashioned expressions and word uses that shall not be permitted: "provided that" Submitter Full Name: JAMES WILLIAMS Organization: none Affilliation: Retired Master Electrician Submittal Date: Tue Nov 04 10:33:19 EST 2014 Copyright Assignment I, JAMES WILLIAMS, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement of Problem and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in any publication of the NFPA in which this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. I hereby warrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full power and authority to enter into this copyright assignment. By checking this box I affirm that I am JAMES WILLIAMS, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by checking this box, I am creating an electronic signature that will, upon my submission of this form, have the same legal force and effect as a handwritten signature NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 13

14 Page 1 of 2 Public Input No NFPA [ Global Input ] Change the use of the phrase "60 V DC" to "Nominal 50V DC" throughout the NFPA 70 Standard. The NEC is conflicted in its use of the terminology which defines the DC voltage level on when certain code rules apply. It would appear that half of the NEC code sections refer to 60V dc as the voltage limit which mandates certain code requirements. And it would appear the other half refers to "50V DC". The code should be consistent in its approach. This public input seeks to resolve this conflict and come up with consistent terminology throughout the code. In (A)(1)(b) working space requirements are for 60V DC refers to 60V DC for grounding requirements for DC systems refers to listing requirements for certain DC equipment at 60V (D) refers to elevator requirements for uninsulated parts at no more than 60V DC. Article 640 and 647 have similar DC voltage limits. For the 50 volt level guarding of live parts in refers to both AC and DC systems refers to marking of conductors at 50 volts or less regardless of voltage type. Article 720 refers to systems at 50 volts or less whether DC or AC (C)(2) refers to marking of conductors for DC systems 50V or less (C)(2) refers to identification of DC feeder conductors at 50V or less. Section states that overcurrent protection shall not be required for conductors from a battery with a nominal voltage of 50 volts or less refers to DC storage batteries that operate at a voltage of 50 volts, nominal or less. There are many other codes sections not mentioned which vary back and forth between 50 and 60V. The code is not consistent. I am recommending that globally the term 60V DC be replaced with 50V nominal DC. Submitter Full Name: Lawrence Ayer Organization: Biz Com Electric, Inc. Affilliation: Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc. Submittal Date: Tue Nov 04 21:18:12 EST 2014 Copyright Assignment I, Lawrence Ayer, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement of Problem and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in any publication of the NFPA in which this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. I hereby warrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full power and authority to enter into this copyright assignment. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page /20/2014

15 Page 1 of 2 Public Input No NFPA [ Global Input ] Move all definitions to Article 100. It seems that every cycle definitions are moved from a.2 section within an Article to Article 100 because someone points out that the particular term is used in more than one Article. For NEC users, especially new ones it makes understanding the rules that much more difficult. We also have examples like Dustight that is defined differently in Article 100 as compared to That creates confusion. A greater problem is when a term is defined within an Article yet the term is used elsewhere in the NEC. Is the term in the Article without it being defined supposed to be something different or can it be used the same way? That also creates confusion. Some examples include Metal wireway which is defined in yet the term is used elsewhere such as in Articles 210, 225, etc. A Tap conductor is defined in 240.2, is a motor tap conductor supposed to be something different in Article 430? As stated in the NEC Style Manual definitions cannot contain requirements yet it is often argued that stating that something is or is not does not necessarily constitute a requirement. If it is not, then it doesn't meet the definition. If the term is used in multiple articles then creating a definition that is usable in all those Articles is the best approach. Specific requirements which can be different can still be placed in each Article Many other standards have all definitions in one location. Constancy will be improved by having the panels develop language that will use the same terms without creating unnecessary conflicts. I understand the Correlating Committee recently agreed to leave terms in the.2 Section of Articles. I respectfully ask them to reconsider that position. It seems that every cycle definitions are moved from a.2 section within an Article to Article 100 because someone points out that the particular term is used in more than one Article. For NEC users, especially new ones it makes understanding the rules that much more difficult. We also have examples like Dustight that is defined differently in Article 100 as compared to That creates confusion. A greater problem is when a term is defined within an Article yet the term is used elsewhere in the NEC. Is the term in the Article without it being defined supposed to be something different or can it be used the same way? That also creates confusion. Some examples include Metal wireway which is defined in yet the term is used elsewhere such as in Articles 210, 225, etc. A Tap conductor is defined in 240.2, is a motor tap conductor supposed to be something different in Article 430? As stated in the NEC Style Manual definitions cannot contain requirements yet it is often argued that stating that something is or is not does not necessarily constitute a requirement. If it is not, then it doesn't meet the definition. If the term is used in multiple articles then creating a definition that is usable in all those Articles is the best approach. Specific requirements which can be different can still be placed in each Article Many other standards have all definitions in one location. Constancy will be improved by having the panels develop language that will use the same terms without creating unnecessary conflicts. I understand the Correlating Committee recently agreed to leave terms in the.2 Section of Articles. I respectfully ask them to reconsider that position. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page /20/2014

16 Page 2 of 2 11/20/2014 Submitter Full Name: Paul Dobrowsky Organization: Self Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 19:36:47 EST 2014 Copyright Assignment I, Paul Dobrowsky, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement of Problem and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in any publication of the NFPA in which this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. I hereby warrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full power and authority to enter into this copyright assignment. By checking this box I affirm that I am Paul Dobrowsky, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by checking this box, I am creating an electronic signature that will, upon my submission of this form, have the same legal force and effect as a handwritten signature NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 16

17 Page 2 of 14 Globally edit the text by removing the following text strings nominal Nominal, nominal, Nominal nominal, Nominal,, nominal,, Nominal, That is, remove the word nominal and any optional commas preceding or following it. This is a little too broad, I will provide additional submissions that repair "collateral damage" to nominals not related to voltage. Substantiation: The NEC contains 2744 sentences that contain volt, voltage, and V. Some of the V are false positives (part V, Volume...). 317 sentences contain nominal. The use of the word nominal does not appear to have a particular pattern when it is found in connection to voltage. Having some voltages marked as nominal and others not marked when both are intended to be nominal, leads to confusion Making it clear what a particular voltage reference meains is important. Some of the voltage references are for exact voltages. This is true for most "limit" specifications such as "the voltage shall not exceed 42.4 volts". Other voltages are nominal and refer to a range of voltages. The specification of 600 volts, which is a utilization voltage, and 1000 volts, which is the "new" 600 volts, is problematical. I have chosen to treat these references as nominal. I propose that the NEC indicate that all voltages listed in it are nominal, unless specifically marked actual This would rid the document of uncertainty as to whether or not a given voltage specification was actual or nominal. Also add a table that indicates that the three groups of nominal voltages refer to the same thing: for instance 125/250 device rating, 120/240 load rating, and 115/230 motor rating. Coordination: These changes need to be co-ordinated with other submissions These submission will be keyed back to this submission number (1902). They include defining Actual Voltage and adding actual where appropriate. (1) nominal for battery circuits (2) nominal for 120/60 cneter grounded AC circuits (3) Nearly always nominal (4) Occasionally nominal (5) nominal in 600 Voltages references in NEC NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page /20/2014

18 Page 3 of 14 Actual (exact) <-- nominal (utilization) (4) / (1) (5) Y/ (2) Y/ Y/ (3) Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved NFPA-9102_libreOffice.pdf table for substantiation NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page /20/2014

19 Page 4 of 14 The NEC contains 2744 sentences that contain volt, voltage, and V. Some of the V are false positives (part V, Volume...). 317 sentences contain nominal. The use of the word nominal does not appear to have a particular pattern when it is found in connection to voltage. Having some voltages marked as nominal and others not marked when both are intended to be nominal, leads to confusion ALL RELATED submissions link back to this (1902). Although other related submissions may be interrelated, such links would grow exponentially (the mathematical exponentially, not the TV news exponentially) Making it clear what a particular voltage reference meains is important. Some of the voltage references are for exact voltages. This is true for most "limit" specifications such as "the voltage shall not exceed 42.4 volts". Other voltages are nominal and refer to a range of voltages. The specification of 600 volts, which is a utilization voltage, and 1000 volts, which is the "new" 600 volts, is problematical. I have chosen to treat these references as nominal. I propose that the NEC indicate that all voltages listed in it are nominal, unless specifically marked actual This would rid the document of uncertainty as to whether or not a given voltage specification was actual or nominal. Also add a table that indicates that the three groups of nominal voltages refer to the same thing: for instance 125/250 device rating, 120/240 load rating, and 115/230 motor rating. Coordination: These changes need to be co-ordinated with other submissions These submission will be keyed back to this submission number (1902). They include defining Actual Voltage and adding actual where appropriate. (1)nominal for battery circuits (2)nominal for 120/60 center grounded AC circuits (3)Nearly always nominal (4)Occasionally nominal (5)nominal in 600 {{table formatting was lost when copying it in}}} Actual (exact) <-- nominal (utilization) <-- Voltages references in NEC (4) / (1) (5) Y/ (5) (2) Y/277 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page /20/2014

20 Voltages found in NEC Actual (Exact) Nominal (Utilization) (4) / (1) (5) Y/ (5) (2) Y/ Y/ (3) (1)Nominal for battery circuits (2)Nominal for 120/60 center grounded AC circuits (3)Nearly always nominal (4)Occasionally nominal (5)Nominal in 600 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 20

21 Page 14 of 14 11/20/2014 Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] Public Input No NFPA [Section No. Table] This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 This submission depends on 1902 Submitter Full Name: JAMES WILLIAMS Organization: none Affilliation: Retired Master Electrician Submittal Date: Wed Oct 15 11:34:29 EDT 2014 Copyright Assignment I, JAMES WILLIAMS, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement of Problem and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in any publication of the NFPA in which this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. I hereby warrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full power and authority to enter into this copyright assignment. By checking this box I affirm that I am JAMES WILLIAMS, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by checking this box, I am creating an electronic signature that will, upon my submission of this form, have the same legal force and effect as a handwritten signature NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 21

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23 62 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Definition after Definition: Askarel. ] Attachment Fitting. A fitting that by insertion in a receptacle, establishes a connection between the conductors of the utilization device and the conductors connected permanently to the receptacle. Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved SUBSTANTIATIONGrp3PI_2Final.pdf This for the SUSTANTIATION. *** NFPA Staff Note: Substantial provided in uploaded file. *** Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [Section No ] Public Input No NFPA [Section No (F)] Relationship This new definition is in support of the new technology. Submitter Full Name: MICHAEL FONTAINE Organization: National Electrical Safety Group Affilliation: Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. Submittal Date: Fri Nov 07 13:41:00 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 23

24 Substantiation: This Public Input seeks to create a new definition to support proposed modified Sections (A) and (C) that provides requirements for the new technology. This is one of three linked Public Inputs: the second PI modifies Sections (A) and (C) to address the new technology and a third PI proposes modifications to Section (F) in support of the new technology. Similar sets of Public Inputs were submitted in the event the Panel wished to consider two alternate locations for adding this new technology, including submitting the same concepts to Sections (B) as well as another set to insert a new An attachment fitting that is hard connected, a recognized component that is part of a listed product, not an attachment plug and cable, is used to make the connection for this new technology. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. There is a new third party certified combination that includes the use of a receptacle and an attachment fitting to supply, support and connect ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceilingsuspended luminaires, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. The attachment fitting is a recognized component used as part of a listed product. The attachment fitting is inserted in a listed receptacle. This Public Input is part of series of Public Inputs submitted to assure that this new third party certified combination is recognized by users and inspectors, and installed in a consistent and safe manner. There are 5 topics addressed in this substantiation: 1) Why new NEC text is needed; 2) explanation of the new technology; 3) what problem is being solved by adding new text; 4) relevant fatality and injury data; and 5) documentation that there are no essential patent concerns. Why new NEC text is necessary. This multifunctional receptacle and attachment fitting (not plug) combination is a new technology category and is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific. It should be noted that the attachment fitting is not a plug since it is used as part of a listed utilization device (luminaire or paddle fan). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method that allows for safe wiring, installation and removal for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. Once the receptacle and cover plate are in place, since the luminaire is disconnected from the power source until plugged in and there are not exposed energized parts, installation and connection of the utilization equipment (luminaire or paddle fan) is inherently safe. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is easier for inspectors, installers and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Additionally for installers, it represents technology that eliminates or reduces electrical hazards in many common instances described in the Data portion of this substantiation. An example of this type of technology is the GE/Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) product, of which over a million of these units were sold between 2007 and It is projected that availability and recognition of the technology will significantly increase usage. As the popularity of the technology grows, it is reasonable to assume other designs of the locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combination will arise. It is requested NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 24

25 that the NEC Panels proactively recognize the new technology, as it will be in wide use and it will increase safety. Examples of new technology that have been acknowledged in the NEC past include wind turbines and electric vehicle charging systems in order to keep up with advances in the state-of-the-art electrical technologies. Ensuring Recognition of Appropriate NEC Requirements and Safe Installation. When the technology was submitted to UL to obtain a listing, it was initially placed in the New and Unusual category. As such, it was submitted to UL s Electrical Council, and after much review and discussion, the technology was determined to be a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, and was successfully listed to UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Considering UL s extensive steps used to categorize and evaluate the technology, it is foreseeable that others might not realize that this technology is indeed considered a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, nor understand the requirements for electrical safety unless the technology is clearly addressed in the NEC. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. Data from Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) show that the traditional methods of changing an existing luminaire or maintaining existing luminaires can be dangerous. This technology significantly reduces and in many cases eliminates these hazards. For these reasons, the technology should be addressed in the NEC. What is the technology? The technology is different than what is currently addressed in (A) and (C). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. By adding this new section to address the new technology, the receptacle and attachment fitting combination, it allows inspectors to recognize what requirements govern the technology therefore they can easily understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Although the suggested text is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific, an example of this technology from GE/SQL can be seen in the photo provided; a video describing the new technology can also be seen at With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan, by means of the attachment fitting that is part of the utilization equipment, is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. What problem is being solved? By adding the modified text, there is clear categorization of the new technology and the requirements to ensure electrical safety by electricians and inspectors. By adding these modifications to address the new technology, it is safer and easier for installers, inspectors and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation to the appropriate requirements of the NEC. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 25

26 Intuitively we understand that not having to rewire each unit when the luminaire or ceiling fan is changed is safer, and there are data from CPSC, NIOSH and OSHA to confirm this notion. When an electrician installs the receptacle (female unit), it is mounted on a variation of the traditional crossbar. The attachment fitting (male fitting) is attached by the manufacturer to the luminaire, and is not available without attachment to a listed appliance. Thereby facilitating and increasing safety when the electrician installs the luminaire. Similar to the use of a ballast disconnect, this combination works to minimize or eliminate risk associated with electrical shock and associated injuries, especially when the use of ladders and support of devices are involved, or when the utilization device itself needs to be worked on. Relevant Fatality and Injury Data. OSHA Data. In the OSHA electrocution training materials, an OSHA Fatal Fact is presented 1 that details a union electrician s death by electrocution during trouble shooting with lamps. If the technology was used, the lamps could ve been disconnected and troubleshooting take place without the presence of electrical hazards. There is an OSHA Incident Report # Another OSHA Incident Report 3 # summarizes a 2008 electrocution of an electrician while changing a light bulb. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture would ve been disconnected and a new bulb would be inserted into the disconnected fixture with no access to electricity. In 2011, an electrician was electrocuted when the wires of a light fixture he was attempting to hang became stripped energizing the light fixture. As he grabbed one of the attached steel hanging cables, he received a fatal shock. OSHA Incident Report # was prepared. 4 It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used because the fixture could not have become energized, as there would be no access to electricity through the disconnected fixture. CPSC Data. The CPSC estimates 4 electrocution deaths per year associated with lighting products. 5 CPSC data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2009 to 2013 was analyzed. There were 38 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving the installation of light fixtures; 32 of those incidents involved falls and at least four of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. With the new 1 Construction Focus Four: Electrocution Hazards, Instructor Guide. OSHA Training Institute, OSHA Directorate of Training and Education, April Document can be found online at 2 OSHA Report ID: can be found at 3 OSHA Report ID: can be found online at 4 OSHA Report ID: can be found at Electrocutions Associated with Consumer Products, By Matthew V. Hnatov. Hazard Analysis Division, Directorate for Epidemiology, Consumer Products Safety Commission. April 2009 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 26

27 technology, after the receptacle is installed in the ceiling, there is no additional wiring necessary, no weight or bulk of the fixture during the initial receptacle installation, and no shock hazard during the quick connect of the fixture. Without the weight/bulk, the falls may not have occurred. With the new technology receptacle in place, installation of the luminaire is a quick connect and no shock would have occurred. There were 418 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving changing light bulbs; 390 involved falls and at least six of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. Additionally, there were 9 additional incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits associated with cleaning the light fixture; 8 of those involved falls. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture is simply disconnected and any bulb or fixture maintenance or cleaning can be done on a table, not at an elevation, thereby reducing the time at an elevated level, thereby reducing the hazard. There were 55 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving a luminaire falling from the ceiling onto the victim. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The new technology has redundant double locking mechanisms that each holds 200 lbs (although they would never hold more than 50 lb, the standard weight of a fixture), therefore the fixtures would not fall. NIOSH DATA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts the Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology (FACE) Project. Data are collected from a sample of fatal accidents, including electrical-related fatalities. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1988 electrocution of a Virginia electrician. He contacted an energized wire while attempting to install a floodlight on a new residential home. The initial wiring was complete and the electrician was wiring the fixture. The victim, using insulated wire strippers, began removing the insulation from the "14-2" standard house wiring (i.e., a cable containing two copper wires, size number 14) when his right thumb and right index finger contacted the uninsulated part of the wire stripper. The 110-volt circuit had not been deenergized at the panel box prior to the incident. The victim received an electrical shock and fell to the ground. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. It is likely that some of the electrician s attention was diverted to the light as he was likely holding the light to connect it after the preparation of the wires. If the new technology were used, the receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture would ve simply been quick- connected with the receptacle and attachment fitting. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution could ve been avoided. 6 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 27

28 NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1987 electrocution of a North Carolina electrician. While repairing a fluorescent light fixture over a kitchen sink in a single-family residence, a 33- year-old journeyman electrician was electrocuted when he contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast (400 volts). The ballast had been replaced, however, he could not get the light to operate properly. The electrician was sitting on the sink when he apparently contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast. The circuit had not been de-energized at the panel box or at the single-pole switch on the wall beside the sink. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture could ve been taken down through a simple quick disconnect for examination. If the fixture was determined to be in working order, additional work could be completed with the fixture quick-disconnected and out of the vicinity so full attention could be given to the wiring. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution might have been avoided. Efficiency Improvements. The technology will increase not only electricians safety but efficiency in installation. The installation of luminaires and ceiling fans requires the simultaneous support of the heavy and bulky appliance while properly performing the connection of the wiring. During the installation, the electrician has to do the wiring while he or someone else is holding the bulky luminaire or fan. This is not the case with this new technology. With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan with the attached plug is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. Wiring will no longer require the luminaire or fan to be held nearby, oftentimes while on a ladder. By removing the bulky luminaire or ceiling fan from the initial equation, safety and efficiency is increased. 7 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 28

29 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 29

30 Mark Earley, PE Chief Electrical Engineer National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1 Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA November 5, 2014 We are happy to report that the Public Input submissions from Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) for the A2016 revision cycle do not invoke the use of an essential patent claim (one whose use would be required for compliance with the NEC), and as such, we believe these submissions are in compliance with the NFPA ANSI Patent Policy. The SQL Public Input submissions do not result in any requirements being added to the NEC that would require the use of any technology, patented or otherwise. SQL wishes to ensure the Panel is aware that the example of this technology highlighted in the substantiation of the Public Input submissions from SQL is a patented design, however other manufacturers' designs could reasonably be expected to meet the safety requirements that SQL proposed for inclusion in the NEC. As such, there are no essential patent concerns. With no essential patent concerns and even though not required, SQL wishes to advise the Panel and Correlating Committee that SQL is willing and open to share all of our patents relating to the power plug and receptacle with licensing agreements, complete with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination. Sincerely, Rani Kohen Chairman of the Board Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 30

31 61 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Definition after Definition: Askarel. ] Attachment Fitting. A fitting that by insertion in a receptacle, establishes a connection between the conductors of the utilization device and the conductors Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved SUBSTANTIATIONGrp2PI_2Final.pdf This new definition is in support of the new technology. *** NFPA Staff Note: Substantial provided in uploaded file. ** Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [New Section after (A)] Public Input No NFPA [New Section after (A)] Relationship This new definition is in support of the new technology. Submitter Full Name: MICHAEL FONTAINE Organization: National Electrical Safety Group Affilliation: Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. Submittal Date: Fri Nov 07 12:59:45 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 31

32 Substantiation: This Public Input seeks to create a new definition to support proposed new Section (B) that provides requirements for the new technology. This is one of three linked Public Inputs: the second PI creates a new Section (B) to address the new technology and a third PI proposes modifications to Section (F) in support of the new technology. Similar sets of Public Inputs were submitted in the event the Panel wished to consider two alternate locations for adding this new technology, including submitting the same concepts to Sections (C) as well as another set to insert a new An attachment fitting that is hard connected, a recognized component that is part of a listed product, not an attachment plug and cable, is used to make the connection for this new technology. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. There is a new third party certified combination that includes the use of a receptacle and an attachment fitting to supply, support and connect ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceilingsuspended luminaires, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. The attachment fitting is a recognized component used as part of a listed product. The attachment fitting is inserted in a listed receptacle. This Public Input is part of series of Public Inputs submitted to assure that this new third party certified combination is recognized by users and inspectors, and installed in a consistent and safe manner. There are 5 topics addressed in this substantiation: 1) Why new NEC text is needed; 2) explanation of the new technology; 3) what problem is being solved by adding new text; 4) relevant fatality and injury data; and 5) documentation that there are no essential patent concerns. Why new NEC text is necessary. This multifunctional receptacle and attachment fitting (not plug) combination is a new technology category and is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific. It should be noted that the attachment fitting is not a plug since it is used as part of a listed utilization device (luminaire or paddle fan). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method that allows for safe wiring, installation and removal for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. Once the receptacle and cover plate are in place, since the luminaire is disconnected from the power source until plugged in and there are not exposed energized parts, installation and connection of the utilization equipment (luminaire or paddle fan) is inherently safe. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is easier for inspectors, installers and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Additionally for installers, it represents technology that eliminates or reduces electrical hazards in many common instances described in the Data portion of this substantiation. An example of this type of technology is the GE/Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) product, of which over a million of these units were sold between 2007 and It is projected that availability and recognition of the technology will significantly increase usage. As the popularity of the technology grows, it is reasonable to assume other designs of the locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combination will arise. It is requested NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 32

33 that the NEC Panels proactively recognize the new technology, as it will be in wide use and it will increase safety. Examples of new technology that have been acknowledged in the NEC past include wind turbines and electric vehicle charging systems in order to keep up with advances in the state-of-the-art electrical technologies. Ensuring Recognition of Appropriate NEC Requirements and Safe Installation. When the technology was submitted to UL to obtain a listing, it was initially placed in the New and Unusual category. As such, it was submitted to UL s Electrical Council, and after much review and discussion, the technology was determined to be a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, and was successfully listed to UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Considering UL s extensive steps used to categorize and evaluate the technology, it is foreseeable that others might not realize that this technology is indeed considered a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, nor understand the requirements for electrical safety unless the technology is clearly addressed in the NEC. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. Data from Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) show that the traditional methods of changing an existing luminaire or maintaining existing luminaires can be dangerous. This technology significantly reduces and in many cases eliminates these hazards. For these reasons, the technology should be addressed in the NEC. What is the technology? The technology is different than what is currently addressed in (B). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. By adding this new section to address the new technology, the receptacle and attachment fitting combination, it allows inspectors to recognize what requirements govern the technology therefore they can easily understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Although the suggested text is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific, an example of this technology from GE/SQL can be seen in the photo provided; a video describing the new technology can also be seen at With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan, by means of the attachment fitting that is part of the utilization equipment, is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. What problem is being solved? By adding the new text, there is clear categorization of the new technology and the requirements to ensure electrical safety by electricians and inspectors. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is safer and easier for installers, inspectors and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation to the appropriate requirements of the NEC. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 33

34 Intuitively we understand that not having to rewire each unit when the luminaire or ceiling fan is changed is safer, and there are data from CPSC, NIOSH and OSHA to confirm this notion. When an electrician installs the receptacle (female unit), it is mounted on a variation of the traditional crossbar. The attachment fitting (male fitting) is attached by the manufacturer to the luminaire, and is not available without attachment to a listed appliance. Thereby facilitating and increasing safety when the electrician installs the luminaire. Similar to the use of a ballast disconnect, this combination works to minimize or eliminate risk associated with electrical shock and associated injuries, especially when the use of ladders and support of devices are involved, or when the utilization device itself needs to be worked on. Relevant Fatality and Injury Data. OSHA Data. In the OSHA electrocution training materials, an OSHA Fatal Fact is presented 1 that details a union electrician s death by electrocution during trouble shooting with lamps. If the technology was used, the lamps could ve been disconnected and troubleshooting take place without the presence of electrical hazards. There is an OSHA Incident Report # Another OSHA Incident Report 3 # summarizes a 2008 electrocution of an electrician while changing a light bulb. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture would ve been disconnected and a new bulb would be inserted into the disconnected fixture with no access to electricity. In 2011, an electrician was electrocuted when the wires of a light fixture he was attempting to hang became stripped energizing the light fixture. As he grabbed one of the attached steel hanging cables, he received a fatal shock. OSHA Incident Report # was prepared. 4 It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used because the fixture could not have become energized, as there would be no access to electricity through the disconnected fixture. CPSC Data. The CPSC estimates 4 electrocution deaths per year associated with lighting products. 5 CPSC data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2009 to 2013 was analyzed. There were 38 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving the installation of light fixtures; 32 of those incidents involved falls and at least four of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. With the new 1 Construction Focus Four: Electrocution Hazards, Instructor Guide. OSHA Training Institute, OSHA Directorate of Training and Education, April Document can be found online at 2 OSHA Report ID: can be found at 3 OSHA Report ID: can be found online at 4 OSHA Report ID: can be found at Electrocutions Associated with Consumer Products, By Matthew V. Hnatov. Hazard Analysis Division, Directorate for Epidemiology, Consumer Products Safety Commission. April 2009 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 34

35 technology, after the receptacle is installed in the ceiling, there is no additional wiring necessary, no weight or bulk of the fixture during the initial receptacle installation, and no shock hazard during the quick connect of the fixture. Without the weight/bulk, the falls may not have occurred. With the new technology receptacle in place, installation of the luminaire is a quick connect and no shock would have occurred. There were 418 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving changing light bulbs; 390 involved falls and at least six of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. Additionally, there were 9 additional incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits associated with cleaning the light fixture; 8 of those involved falls. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture is simply disconnected and any bulb or fixture maintenance or cleaning can be done on a table, not at an elevation, thereby reducing the time at an elevated level, thereby reducing the hazard. There were 55 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving a luminaire falling from the ceiling onto the victim. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The new technology has redundant double locking mechanisms that each holds 200 lbs (although they would never hold more than 50 lb, the standard weight of a fixture), therefore the fixtures would not fall. NIOSH DATA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts the Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology (FACE) Project. Data are collected from a sample of fatal accidents, including electrical-related fatalities. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1988 electrocution of a Virginia electrician. He contacted an energized wire while attempting to install a floodlight on a new residential home. The initial wiring was complete and the electrician was wiring the fixture. The victim, using insulated wire strippers, began removing the insulation from the "14-2" standard house wiring (i.e., a cable containing two copper wires, size number 14) when his right thumb and right index finger contacted the uninsulated part of the wire stripper. The 110-volt circuit had not been deenergized at the panel box prior to the incident. The victim received an electrical shock and fell to the ground. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. It is likely that some of the electrician s attention was diverted to the light as he was likely holding the light to connect it after the preparation of the wires. If the new technology were used, the receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture would ve simply been quick- connected with the receptacle and attachment fitting. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution could ve been avoided. 6 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 35

36 NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1987 electrocution of a North Carolina electrician. While repairing a fluorescent light fixture over a kitchen sink in a single-family residence, a 33- year-old journeyman electrician was electrocuted when he contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast (400 volts). The ballast had been replaced, however, he could not get the light to operate properly. The electrician was sitting on the sink when he apparently contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast. The circuit had not been de-energized at the panel box or at the single-pole switch on the wall beside the sink. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture could ve been taken down through a simple quick disconnect for examination. If the fixture was determined to be in working order, additional work could be completed with the fixture quick-disconnected and out of the vicinity so full attention could be given to the wiring. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution might have been avoided. Efficiency Improvements. The technology will increase not only electricians safety but efficiency in installation. The installation of luminaires and ceiling fans requires the simultaneous support of the heavy and bulky appliance while properly performing the connection of the wiring. During the installation, the electrician has to do the wiring while he or someone else is holding the bulky luminaire or fan. This is not the case with this new technology. With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan with the attached plug is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. Wiring will no longer require the luminaire or fan to be held nearby, oftentimes while on a ladder. By removing the bulky luminaire or ceiling fan from the initial equation, safety and efficiency is increased. 7 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 36

37 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 37

38 Mark Earley, PE Chief Electrical Engineer National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1 Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA November 5, 2014 We are happy to report that the Public Input submissions from Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) for the A2016 revision cycle do not invoke the use of an essential patent claim (one whose use would be required for compliance with the NEC), and as such, we believe these submissions are in compliance with the NFPA ANSI Patent Policy. The SQL Public Input submissions do not result in any requirements being added to the NEC that would require the use of any technology, patented or otherwise. SQL wishes to ensure the Panel is aware that the example of this technology highlighted in the substantiation of the Public Input submissions from SQL is a patented design, however other manufacturers' designs could reasonably be expected to meet the safety requirements that SQL proposed for inclusion in the NEC. As such, there are no essential patent concerns. With no essential patent concerns and even though not required, SQL wishes to advise the Panel and Correlating Committee that SQL is willing and open to share all of our patents relating to the power plug and receptacle with licensing agreements, complete with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination. Sincerely, Rani Kohen Chairman of the Board Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 38

39 60 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Definition after Definition: Askarel. ] Attachment Fitting. A fitting that by insertion in a receptacle, establishes a connection between the conductors of the utilization device and the conductors connected permanently to the receptacle. Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved SUBSTANTIATIONGrp1PI_2Final.pdf This for the SUSTANTIATION. *** NFPA Staff Note: Substantial provided in uploaded file. *** Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [New Section after ] Public Input No NFPA [Section No (F)] Relationship This new definition is in support of the new technology. Submitter Full Name: MICHAEL FONTAINE Organization: National Electrical Safety Group Affilliation: Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. Submittal Date: Fri Nov 07 12:10:29 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 39

40 Substantiation: This Public Input seeks to create a new definition to support proposed new Section that provides requirements for the new technology. This is one of three linked Public Inputs: the second PI creates a new Section to address the new technology and a third PI proposes modifications to Section (F) in support of the new technology. Similar sets of Public Inputs were submitted in the event the Panel wished to consider two alternate locations for adding this new technology, including submitting the same concepts to Sections (C) as well as another set to insert a new (B). An attachment fitting that is hard connected, a recognized component that is part of a listed product, not an attachment plug and cable, is used to make the connection for this new technology. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. There is a new third party certified combination that includes the use of a receptacle and an attachment fitting to supply, support and connect ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceilingsuspended luminaires, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. The attachment fitting is a recognized component used as part of a listed product. The attachment fitting is inserted in a listed receptacle. This Public Input is part of series of Public Inputs submitted to assure that this new third party certified combination is recognized by users and inspectors, and installed in a consistent and safe manner. There are 5 topics addressed in this substantiation: 1) Why new NEC text is needed; 2) explanation of the new technology; 3) what problem is being solved by adding new text; 4) relevant fatality and injury data; and 5) documentation that there are no essential patent concerns. Why new NEC text is necessary. This multifunctional receptacle and attachment fitting (not plug) combination is a new technology category and is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific. It should be noted that the attachment fitting is not a plug since it is used as part of a listed utilization device (luminaire or paddle fan). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method that allows for safe wiring, installation and removal for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. Once the receptacle and cover plate are in place, since the luminaire is disconnected from the power source until plugged in and there are not exposed energized parts, installation and connection of the utilization equipment (luminaire or paddle fan) is inherently safe. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is easier for inspectors, installers and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Additionally for installers, it represents technology that eliminates or reduces electrical hazards in many common instances described in the Data portion of this substantiation. An example of this type of technology is the GE/Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) product, of which over a million of these units were sold between 2007 and It is projected that availability and recognition of the technology will significantly increase usage. As the popularity of the technology grows, it is reasonable to assume other designs of the locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combination will arise. It is requested NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 40

41 that the NEC Panels proactively recognize the new technology, as it will be in wide use and it will increase safety. Examples of new technology that have been acknowledged in the NEC past include wind turbines and electric vehicle charging systems in order to keep up with advances in the state-of-the-art electrical technologies. Ensuring Recognition of Appropriate NEC Requirements and Safe Installation. When the technology was submitted to UL to obtain a listing, it was initially placed in the New and Unusual category. As such, it was submitted to UL s Electrical Council, and after much review and discussion, the technology was determined to be a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, and was successfully listed to UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Considering UL s extensive steps used to categorize and evaluate the technology, it is foreseeable that others might not realize that this technology is indeed considered a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, nor understand the requirements for electrical safety unless the technology is clearly addressed in the NEC. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. Data from Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) show that the traditional methods of changing an existing luminaire or maintaining existing luminaires can be dangerous. This technology significantly reduces and in many cases eliminates these hazards. For these reasons, the technology should be addressed in the NEC. What is the technology? The technology is different than what is currently addressed in Article 406. The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. By adding this new section to address the new technology, the receptacle and attachment fitting combination, it allows inspectors to recognize what requirements govern the technology therefore they can easily understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Although the suggested text is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific, an example of this technology from GE/SQL can be seen in the photo provided; a video describing the new technology can also be seen at With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan, by means of the attachment fitting that is part of the utilization equipment, is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. What problem is being solved? By adding the new text, there is clear categorization of the new technology and the requirements to ensure electrical safety by electricians and inspectors. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is safer and easier for installers, inspectors and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation to the appropriate requirements of the NEC. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 41

42 Intuitively we understand that not having to rewire each unit when the luminaire or ceiling fan is changed is safer, and there are data from CPSC, NIOSH and OSHA to confirm this notion. When an electrician installs the receptacle (female unit), it is mounted on a variation of the traditional crossbar. The attachment fitting (male fitting) is attached by the manufacturer to the luminaire, and is not available without attachment to a listed appliance. Thereby facilitating and increasing safety when the electrician installs the luminaire. Similar to the use of a ballast disconnect, this combination works to minimize or eliminate risk associated with electrical shock and associated injuries, especially when the use of ladders and support of devices are involved, or when the utilization device itself needs to be worked on. Relevant Fatality and Injury Data. OSHA Data. In the OSHA electrocution training materials, an OSHA Fatal Fact is presented 1 that details a union electrician s death by electrocution during trouble shooting with lamps. If the technology was used, the lamps could ve been disconnected and troubleshooting take place without the presence of electrical hazards. There is an OSHA Incident Report # Another OSHA Incident Report 3 # summarizes a 2008 electrocution of an electrician while changing a light bulb. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture would ve been disconnected and a new bulb would be inserted into the disconnected fixture with no access to electricity. In 2011, an electrician was electrocuted when the wires of a light fixture he was attempting to hang became stripped energizing the light fixture. As he grabbed one of the attached steel hanging cables, he received a fatal shock. OSHA Incident Report # was prepared. 4 It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used because the fixture could not have become energized, as there would be no access to electricity through the disconnected fixture. CPSC Data. The CPSC estimates 4 electrocution deaths per year associated with lighting products. 5 CPSC data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2009 to 2013 was analyzed. There were 38 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving the installation of light fixtures; 32 of those incidents involved falls and at least four of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. With the new 1 Construction Focus Four: Electrocution Hazards, Instructor Guide. OSHA Training Institute, OSHA Directorate of Training and Education, April Document can be found online at 2 OSHA Report ID: can be found at 3 OSHA Report ID: can be found online at 4 OSHA Report ID: can be found at Electrocutions Associated with Consumer Products, By Matthew V. Hnatov. Hazard Analysis Division, Directorate for Epidemiology, Consumer Products Safety Commission. April 2009 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 42

43 technology, after the receptacle is installed in the ceiling, there is no additional wiring necessary, no weight or bulk of the fixture during the initial receptacle installation, and no shock hazard during the quick connect of the fixture. Without the weight/bulk, the falls may not have occurred. With the new technology receptacle in place, installation of the luminaire is a quick connect and no shock would have occurred. There were 418 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving changing light bulbs; 390 involved falls and at least six of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. Additionally, there were 9 additional incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits associated with cleaning the light fixture; 8 of those involved falls. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture is simply disconnected and any bulb or fixture maintenance or cleaning can be done on a table, not at an elevation, thereby reducing the time at an elevated level, thereby reducing the hazard. There were 55 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving a luminaire falling from the ceiling onto the victim. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The new technology has redundant double locking mechanisms that each holds 200 lbs (although they would never hold more than 50 lb, the standard weight of a fixture), therefore the fixtures would not fall. NIOSH DATA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts the Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology (FACE) Project. Data are collected from a sample of fatal accidents, including electrical-related fatalities. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1988 electrocution of a Virginia electrician. He contacted an energized wire while attempting to install a floodlight on a new residential home. The initial wiring was complete and the electrician was wiring the fixture. The victim, using insulated wire strippers, began removing the insulation from the "14-2" standard house wiring (i.e., a cable containing two copper wires, size number 14) when his right thumb and right index finger contacted the uninsulated part of the wire stripper. The 110-volt circuit had not been deenergized at the panel box prior to the incident. The victim received an electrical shock and fell to the ground. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. It is likely that some of the electrician s attention was diverted to the light as he was likely holding the light to connect it after the preparation of the wires. If the new technology were used, the receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture would ve simply been quick- connected with the receptacle and attachment fitting. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution could ve been avoided. 6 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 43

44 NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1987 electrocution of a North Carolina electrician. While repairing a fluorescent light fixture over a kitchen sink in a single-family residence, a 33- year-old journeyman electrician was electrocuted when he contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast (400 volts). The ballast had been replaced, however, he could not get the light to operate properly. The electrician was sitting on the sink when he apparently contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast. The circuit had not been de-energized at the panel box or at the single-pole switch on the wall beside the sink. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture could ve been taken down through a simple quick disconnect for examination. If the fixture was determined to be in working order, additional work could be completed with the fixture quick-disconnected and out of the vicinity so full attention could be given to the wiring. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution might have been avoided. Efficiency Improvements. The technology will increase not only electricians safety but efficiency in installation. The installation of luminaires and ceiling fans requires the simultaneous support of the heavy and bulky appliance while properly performing the connection of the wiring. During the installation, the electrician has to do the wiring while he or someone else is holding the bulky luminaire or fan. This is not the case with this new technology. With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan with the attached plug is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. Wiring will no longer require the luminaire or fan to be held nearby, oftentimes while on a ladder. By removing the bulky luminaire or ceiling fan from the initial equation, safety and efficiency is increased. 7 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 44

45 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 45

46 Mark Earley, PE Chief Electrical Engineer National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1 Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA November 5, 2014 We are happy to report that the Public Input submissions from Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) for the A2016 revision cycle do not invoke the use of an essential patent claim (one whose use would be required for compliance with the NEC), and as such, we believe these submissions are in compliance with the NFPA ANSI Patent Policy. The SQL Public Input submissions do not result in any requirements being added to the NEC that would require the use of any technology, patented or otherwise. SQL wishes to ensure the Panel is aware that the example of this technology highlighted in the substantiation of the Public Input submissions from SQL is a patented design, however other manufacturers' designs could reasonably be expected to meet the safety requirements that SQL proposed for inclusion in the NEC. As such, there are no essential patent concerns. With no essential patent concerns and even though not required, SQL wishes to advise the Panel and Correlating Committee that SQL is willing and open to share all of our patents relating to the power plug and receptacle with licensing agreements, complete with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination. Sincerely, Rani Kohen Chairman of the Board Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 46

47 59 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Definition after Definition: Askarel. ] Attachment Fitting. A fitting that by insertion in a receptacle, establishes a connection between the conductors of the utilization device and the conductors connected permanently to the receptacle. Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved SUBSTANTIATIONGrp3PI_2Final.pdf This is the only file for the SUBSTANTIATION. ***<NFPA STAFF - PLEASE SEE UPLOADED FILE FOR THE SUBSTANTIATION. THANK YOU>*** Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [Section No ] Public Input No NFPA [Section No ] Public Input No NFPA [Section No (F)] Relationship The new definition supports the proposed modified Section (A) and (B) addressing new technology in PI #4443. Submitter Full Name: AMY CRONIN Organization: STRATEGIC CODE SOLUTIONS LLC Affilliation: Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 22:25:15 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 47

48 Substantiation: This Public Input seeks to create a new definition to support proposed modified Sections (A) and (C) that provides requirements for the new technology. This is one of three linked Public Inputs: the second PI modifies Sections (A) and (C) to address the new technology and a third PI proposes modifications to Section (F) in support of the new technology. Similar sets of Public Inputs were submitted in the event the Panel wished to consider two alternate locations for adding this new technology, including submitting the same concepts to Sections (B) as well as another set to insert a new An attachment fitting that is hard connected, a recognized component that is part of a listed product, not an attachment plug and cable, is used to make the connection for this new technology. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. There is a new third party certified combination that includes the use of a receptacle and an attachment fitting to supply, support and connect ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceilingsuspended luminaires, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. The attachment fitting is a recognized component used as part of a listed product. The attachment fitting is inserted in a listed receptacle. This Public Input is part of series of Public Inputs submitted to assure that this new third party certified combination is recognized by users and inspectors, and installed in a consistent and safe manner. There are 5 topics addressed in this substantiation: 1) Why new NEC text is needed; 2) explanation of the new technology; 3) what problem is being solved by adding new text; 4) relevant fatality and injury data; and 5) documentation that there are no essential patent concerns. Why new NEC text is necessary. This multifunctional receptacle and attachment fitting (not plug) combination is a new technology category and is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific. It should be noted that the attachment fitting is not a plug since it is used as part of a listed utilization device (luminaire or paddle fan). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method that allows for safe wiring, installation and removal for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. Once the receptacle and cover plate are in place, since the luminaire is disconnected from the power source until plugged in and there are not exposed energized parts, installation and connection of the utilization equipment (luminaire or paddle fan) is inherently safe. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is easier for inspectors, installers and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Additionally for installers, it represents technology that eliminates or reduces electrical hazards in many common instances described in the Data portion of this substantiation. An example of this type of technology is the GE/Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) product, of which over a million of these units were sold between 2007 and It is projected that availability and recognition of the technology will significantly increase usage. As the popularity of the technology grows, it is reasonable to assume other designs of the locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combination will arise. It is requested NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 48

49 that the NEC Panels proactively recognize the new technology, as it will be in wide use and it will increase safety. Examples of new technology that have been acknowledged in the NEC past include wind turbines and electric vehicle charging systems in order to keep up with advances in the state-of-the-art electrical technologies. Ensuring Recognition of Appropriate NEC Requirements and Safe Installation. When the technology was submitted to UL to obtain a listing, it was initially placed in the New and Unusual category. As such, it was submitted to UL s Electrical Council, and after much review and discussion, the technology was determined to be a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, and was successfully listed to UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Considering UL s extensive steps used to categorize and evaluate the technology, it is foreseeable that others might not realize that this technology is indeed considered a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, nor understand the requirements for electrical safety unless the technology is clearly addressed in the NEC. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. Data from Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) show that the traditional methods of changing an existing luminaire or maintaining existing luminaires can be dangerous. This technology significantly reduces and in many cases eliminates these hazards. For these reasons, the technology should be addressed in the NEC. What is the technology? The technology is different than what is currently addressed in (A) and (C). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. By adding this new section to address the new technology, the receptacle and attachment fitting combination, it allows inspectors to recognize what requirements govern the technology therefore they can easily understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Although the suggested text is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific, an example of this technology from GE/SQL can be seen in the photo provided; a video describing the new technology can also be seen at With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan, by means of the attachment fitting that is part of the utilization equipment, is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. What problem is being solved? By adding the modified text, there is clear categorization of the new technology and the requirements to ensure electrical safety by electricians and inspectors. By adding these modifications to address the new technology, it is safer and easier for installers, inspectors and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation to the appropriate requirements of the NEC. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 49

50 Intuitively we understand that not having to rewire each unit when the luminaire or ceiling fan is changed is safer, and there are data from CPSC, NIOSH and OSHA to confirm this notion. When an electrician installs the receptacle (female unit), it is mounted on a variation of the traditional crossbar. The attachment fitting (male fitting) is attached by the manufacturer to the luminaire, and is not available without attachment to a listed appliance. Thereby facilitating and increasing safety when the electrician installs the luminaire. Similar to the use of a ballast disconnect, this combination works to minimize or eliminate risk associated with electrical shock and associated injuries, especially when the use of ladders and support of devices are involved, or when the utilization device itself needs to be worked on. Relevant Fatality and Injury Data. OSHA Data. In the OSHA electrocution training materials, an OSHA Fatal Fact is presented 1 that details a union electrician s death by electrocution during trouble shooting with lamps. If the technology was used, the lamps could ve been disconnected and troubleshooting take place without the presence of electrical hazards. There is an OSHA Incident Report # Another OSHA Incident Report 3 # summarizes a 2008 electrocution of an electrician while changing a light bulb. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture would ve been disconnected and a new bulb would be inserted into the disconnected fixture with no access to electricity. In 2011, an electrician was electrocuted when the wires of a light fixture he was attempting to hang became stripped energizing the light fixture. As he grabbed one of the attached steel hanging cables, he received a fatal shock. OSHA Incident Report # was prepared. 4 It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used because the fixture could not have become energized, as there would be no access to electricity through the disconnected fixture. CPSC Data. The CPSC estimates 4 electrocution deaths per year associated with lighting products. 5 CPSC data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2009 to 2013 was analyzed. There were 38 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving the installation of light fixtures; 32 of those incidents involved falls and at least four of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. With the new 1 Construction Focus Four: Electrocution Hazards, Instructor Guide. OSHA Training Institute, OSHA Directorate of Training and Education, April Document can be found online at 2 OSHA Report ID: can be found at 3 OSHA Report ID: can be found online at 4 OSHA Report ID: can be found at Electrocutions Associated with Consumer Products, By Matthew V. Hnatov. Hazard Analysis Division, Directorate for Epidemiology, Consumer Products Safety Commission. April 2009 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 50

51 technology, after the receptacle is installed in the ceiling, there is no additional wiring necessary, no weight or bulk of the fixture during the initial receptacle installation, and no shock hazard during the quick connect of the fixture. Without the weight/bulk, the falls may not have occurred. With the new technology receptacle in place, installation of the luminaire is a quick connect and no shock would have occurred. There were 418 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving changing light bulbs; 390 involved falls and at least six of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. Additionally, there were 9 additional incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits associated with cleaning the light fixture; 8 of those involved falls. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture is simply disconnected and any bulb or fixture maintenance or cleaning can be done on a table, not at an elevation, thereby reducing the time at an elevated level, thereby reducing the hazard. There were 55 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving a luminaire falling from the ceiling onto the victim. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The new technology has redundant double locking mechanisms that each holds 200 lbs (although they would never hold more than 50 lb, the standard weight of a fixture), therefore the fixtures would not fall. NIOSH DATA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts the Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology (FACE) Project. Data are collected from a sample of fatal accidents, including electrical-related fatalities. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1988 electrocution of a Virginia electrician. He contacted an energized wire while attempting to install a floodlight on a new residential home. The initial wiring was complete and the electrician was wiring the fixture. The victim, using insulated wire strippers, began removing the insulation from the "14-2" standard house wiring (i.e., a cable containing two copper wires, size number 14) when his right thumb and right index finger contacted the uninsulated part of the wire stripper. The 110-volt circuit had not been deenergized at the panel box prior to the incident. The victim received an electrical shock and fell to the ground. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. It is likely that some of the electrician s attention was diverted to the light as he was likely holding the light to connect it after the preparation of the wires. If the new technology were used, the receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture would ve simply been quick- connected with the receptacle and attachment fitting. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution could ve been avoided. 6 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 51

52 NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1987 electrocution of a North Carolina electrician. While repairing a fluorescent light fixture over a kitchen sink in a single-family residence, a 33- year-old journeyman electrician was electrocuted when he contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast (400 volts). The ballast had been replaced, however, he could not get the light to operate properly. The electrician was sitting on the sink when he apparently contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast. The circuit had not been de-energized at the panel box or at the single-pole switch on the wall beside the sink. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture could ve been taken down through a simple quick disconnect for examination. If the fixture was determined to be in working order, additional work could be completed with the fixture quick-disconnected and out of the vicinity so full attention could be given to the wiring. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution might have been avoided. Efficiency Improvements. The technology will increase not only electricians safety but efficiency in installation. The installation of luminaires and ceiling fans requires the simultaneous support of the heavy and bulky appliance while properly performing the connection of the wiring. During the installation, the electrician has to do the wiring while he or someone else is holding the bulky luminaire or fan. This is not the case with this new technology. With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan with the attached plug is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. Wiring will no longer require the luminaire or fan to be held nearby, oftentimes while on a ladder. By removing the bulky luminaire or ceiling fan from the initial equation, safety and efficiency is increased. 7 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 52

53 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 53

54 Mark Earley, PE Chief Electrical Engineer National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1 Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA November 5, 2014 We are happy to report that the Public Input submissions from Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) for the A2016 revision cycle do not invoke the use of an essential patent claim (one whose use would be required for compliance with the NEC), and as such, we believe these submissions are in compliance with the NFPA ANSI Patent Policy. The SQL Public Input submissions do not result in any requirements being added to the NEC that would require the use of any technology, patented or otherwise. SQL wishes to ensure the Panel is aware that the example of this technology highlighted in the substantiation of the Public Input submissions from SQL is a patented design, however other manufacturers' designs could reasonably be expected to meet the safety requirements that SQL proposed for inclusion in the NEC. As such, there are no essential patent concerns. With no essential patent concerns and even though not required, SQL wishes to advise the Panel and Correlating Committee that SQL is willing and open to share all of our patents relating to the power plug and receptacle with licensing agreements, complete with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination. Sincerely, Rani Kohen Chairman of the Board Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 54

55 923 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (B)(1) ] (1) Manual Transfer Equipment. Where manual transfer equipment is used, an optional standby system shall have adequate capacity and rating for the supply of all equipment intended to be operated at one time. The user of the optional standby system shall be permitted to select the load connected to the system. Instructions shall be posted at the point where loads will be selected providing guidance for untrained persons who may be confronted with the necessity to select the loads to be connected. The submitter previously proposed a mandatory requirement similar to 702.4(B)(2), however, CMP 13 rejected it as excessive. Over the fullness of time, and confronted with an actual case at one of his properties, this submitter has come to fully agree with that rejection. However, nothing in that rejection repealed Murphy's Law. At the time of an outage, the least qualified person is likely to be the one confronted with the problem of making load selections. Adding a small directory of circuit priorities would help avoid overloading the generator until qualified assistance could be summoned, or perhaps at least contacted on a mobile telephone. Submitter Full Name: Frederic Hartwell Organization: Hartwell Electrical Services, Inc. Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 22:09:16 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 55

56 Substantiation: This Public Input seeks to create a new definition to support proposed new Section (B) that provides requirements for the new technology. This is one of three linked Public Inputs: the second PI creates a new Section (B) to address the new technology and a third PI proposes modifications to Section (F) in support of the new technology. Similar sets of Public Inputs were submitted in the event the Panel wished to consider two alternate locations for adding this new technology, including submitting the same concepts to Sections (C) as well as another set to insert a new An attachment fitting that is hard connected, a recognized component that is part of a listed product, not an attachment plug and cable, is used to make the connection for this new technology. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. There is a new third party certified combination that includes the use of a receptacle and an attachment fitting to supply, support and connect ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceilingsuspended luminaires, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. The attachment fitting is a recognized component used as part of a listed product. The attachment fitting is inserted in a listed receptacle. This Public Input is part of series of Public Inputs submitted to assure that this new third party certified combination is recognized by users and inspectors, and installed in a consistent and safe manner. There are 5 topics addressed in this substantiation: 1) Why new NEC text is needed; 2) explanation of the new technology; 3) what problem is being solved by adding new text; 4) relevant fatality and injury data; and 5) documentation that there are no essential patent concerns. Why new NEC text is necessary. This multifunctional receptacle and attachment fitting (not plug) combination is a new technology category and is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific. It should be noted that the attachment fitting is not a plug since it is used as part of a listed utilization device (luminaire or paddle fan). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method that allows for safe wiring, installation and removal for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. Once the receptacle and cover plate are in place, since the luminaire is disconnected from the power source until plugged in and there are not exposed energized parts, installation and connection of the utilization equipment (luminaire or paddle fan) is inherently safe. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is easier for inspectors, installers and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Additionally for installers, it represents technology that eliminates or reduces electrical hazards in many common instances described in the Data portion of this substantiation. An example of this type of technology is the GE/Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) product, of which over a million of these units were sold between 2007 and It is projected that availability and recognition of the technology will significantly increase usage. As the popularity of the technology grows, it is reasonable to assume other designs of the locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combination will arise. It is requested NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 56

57 that the NEC Panels proactively recognize the new technology, as it will be in wide use and it will increase safety. Examples of new technology that have been acknowledged in the NEC past include wind turbines and electric vehicle charging systems in order to keep up with advances in the state-of-the-art electrical technologies. Ensuring Recognition of Appropriate NEC Requirements and Safe Installation. When the technology was submitted to UL to obtain a listing, it was initially placed in the New and Unusual category. As such, it was submitted to UL s Electrical Council, and after much review and discussion, the technology was determined to be a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, and was successfully listed to UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Considering UL s extensive steps used to categorize and evaluate the technology, it is foreseeable that others might not realize that this technology is indeed considered a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, nor understand the requirements for electrical safety unless the technology is clearly addressed in the NEC. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. Data from Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) show that the traditional methods of changing an existing luminaire or maintaining existing luminaires can be dangerous. This technology significantly reduces and in many cases eliminates these hazards. For these reasons, the technology should be addressed in the NEC. What is the technology? The technology is different than what is currently addressed in (B). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. By adding this new section to address the new technology, the receptacle and attachment fitting combination, it allows inspectors to recognize what requirements govern the technology therefore they can easily understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Although the suggested text is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific, an example of this technology from GE/SQL can be seen in the photo provided; a video describing the new technology can also be seen at With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan, by means of the attachment fitting that is part of the utilization equipment, is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. What problem is being solved? By adding the new text, there is clear categorization of the new technology and the requirements to ensure electrical safety by electricians and inspectors. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is safer and easier for installers, inspectors and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation to the appropriate requirements of the NEC. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 57

58 Intuitively we understand that not having to rewire each unit when the luminaire or ceiling fan is changed is safer, and there are data from CPSC, NIOSH and OSHA to confirm this notion. When an electrician installs the receptacle (female unit), it is mounted on a variation of the traditional crossbar. The attachment fitting (male fitting) is attached by the manufacturer to the luminaire, and is not available without attachment to a listed appliance. Thereby facilitating and increasing safety when the electrician installs the luminaire. Similar to the use of a ballast disconnect, this combination works to minimize or eliminate risk associated with electrical shock and associated injuries, especially when the use of ladders and support of devices are involved, or when the utilization device itself needs to be worked on. Relevant Fatality and Injury Data. OSHA Data. In the OSHA electrocution training materials, an OSHA Fatal Fact is presented 1 that details a union electrician s death by electrocution during trouble shooting with lamps. If the technology was used, the lamps could ve been disconnected and troubleshooting take place without the presence of electrical hazards. There is an OSHA Incident Report # Another OSHA Incident Report 3 # summarizes a 2008 electrocution of an electrician while changing a light bulb. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture would ve been disconnected and a new bulb would be inserted into the disconnected fixture with no access to electricity. In 2011, an electrician was electrocuted when the wires of a light fixture he was attempting to hang became stripped energizing the light fixture. As he grabbed one of the attached steel hanging cables, he received a fatal shock. OSHA Incident Report # was prepared. 4 It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used because the fixture could not have become energized, as there would be no access to electricity through the disconnected fixture. CPSC Data. The CPSC estimates 4 electrocution deaths per year associated with lighting products. 5 CPSC data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2009 to 2013 was analyzed. There were 38 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving the installation of light fixtures; 32 of those incidents involved falls and at least four of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. With the new 1 Construction Focus Four: Electrocution Hazards, Instructor Guide. OSHA Training Institute, OSHA Directorate of Training and Education, April Document can be found online at 2 OSHA Report ID: can be found at 3 OSHA Report ID: can be found online at 4 OSHA Report ID: can be found at Electrocutions Associated with Consumer Products, By Matthew V. Hnatov. Hazard Analysis Division, Directorate for Epidemiology, Consumer Products Safety Commission. April 2009 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 58

59 technology, after the receptacle is installed in the ceiling, there is no additional wiring necessary, no weight or bulk of the fixture during the initial receptacle installation, and no shock hazard during the quick connect of the fixture. Without the weight/bulk, the falls may not have occurred. With the new technology receptacle in place, installation of the luminaire is a quick connect and no shock would have occurred. There were 418 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving changing light bulbs; 390 involved falls and at least six of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. Additionally, there were 9 additional incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits associated with cleaning the light fixture; 8 of those involved falls. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture is simply disconnected and any bulb or fixture maintenance or cleaning can be done on a table, not at an elevation, thereby reducing the time at an elevated level, thereby reducing the hazard. There were 55 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving a luminaire falling from the ceiling onto the victim. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The new technology has redundant double locking mechanisms that each holds 200 lbs (although they would never hold more than 50 lb, the standard weight of a fixture), therefore the fixtures would not fall. NIOSH DATA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts the Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology (FACE) Project. Data are collected from a sample of fatal accidents, including electrical-related fatalities. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1988 electrocution of a Virginia electrician. He contacted an energized wire while attempting to install a floodlight on a new residential home. The initial wiring was complete and the electrician was wiring the fixture. The victim, using insulated wire strippers, began removing the insulation from the "14-2" standard house wiring (i.e., a cable containing two copper wires, size number 14) when his right thumb and right index finger contacted the uninsulated part of the wire stripper. The 110-volt circuit had not been deenergized at the panel box prior to the incident. The victim received an electrical shock and fell to the ground. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. It is likely that some of the electrician s attention was diverted to the light as he was likely holding the light to connect it after the preparation of the wires. If the new technology were used, the receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture would ve simply been quick- connected with the receptacle and attachment fitting. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution could ve been avoided. 6 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 59

60 NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1987 electrocution of a North Carolina electrician. While repairing a fluorescent light fixture over a kitchen sink in a single-family residence, a 33- year-old journeyman electrician was electrocuted when he contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast (400 volts). The ballast had been replaced, however, he could not get the light to operate properly. The electrician was sitting on the sink when he apparently contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast. The circuit had not been de-energized at the panel box or at the single-pole switch on the wall beside the sink. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture could ve been taken down through a simple quick disconnect for examination. If the fixture was determined to be in working order, additional work could be completed with the fixture quick-disconnected and out of the vicinity so full attention could be given to the wiring. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution might have been avoided. Efficiency Improvements. The technology will increase not only electricians safety but efficiency in installation. The installation of luminaires and ceiling fans requires the simultaneous support of the heavy and bulky appliance while properly performing the connection of the wiring. During the installation, the electrician has to do the wiring while he or someone else is holding the bulky luminaire or fan. This is not the case with this new technology. With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan with the attached plug is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. Wiring will no longer require the luminaire or fan to be held nearby, oftentimes while on a ladder. By removing the bulky luminaire or ceiling fan from the initial equation, safety and efficiency is increased. 7 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 60

61 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 61

62 Mark Earley, PE Chief Electrical Engineer National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1 Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA November 5, 2014 We are happy to report that the Public Input submissions from Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) for the A2016 revision cycle do not invoke the use of an essential patent claim (one whose use would be required for compliance with the NEC), and as such, we believe these submissions are in compliance with the NFPA ANSI Patent Policy. The SQL Public Input submissions do not result in any requirements being added to the NEC that would require the use of any technology, patented or otherwise. SQL wishes to ensure the Panel is aware that the example of this technology highlighted in the substantiation of the Public Input submissions from SQL is a patented design, however other manufacturers' designs could reasonably be expected to meet the safety requirements that SQL proposed for inclusion in the NEC. As such, there are no essential patent concerns. With no essential patent concerns and even though not required, SQL wishes to advise the Panel and Correlating Committee that SQL is willing and open to share all of our patents relating to the power plug and receptacle with licensing agreements, complete with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination. Sincerely, Rani Kohen Chairman of the Board Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 62

63 64 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Definition after Definition: Attachment Plug (Plug Cap)... ] Attachment Fitting. A fitting that by insertion in a receptacle, establishes a connection between the conductors of the utilization device and the conductors connected permanently to the receptacle. Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved SUBSTANTIATIONGrp1PI_2Final.pdf This file is the SUBSTANTIATION. ***********<NFPA STAFF PLEASE SEE THE UPLOADED FILE THAT WILL SERVE AS THE SUBSTANTIATION. THANK YOU>********** Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [New Section after ] Public Input No NFPA [Section No (F)] Public Input No NFPA [New Section after ] Relationship The proposed new definition supports the proposed new Section addressing new technology in PI Proposed revised Section (F) is to support proposed new Section in PI#4199. The definition in PI #4316 also supports the newly created Submitter Full Name: AMY CRONIN Organization: STRATEGIC CODE SOLUTIONS LLC Affilliation: Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 19:03:56 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 63

64 Substantiation: This Public Input seeks to create a new definition to support proposed new Section that provides requirements for the new technology. This is one of three linked Public Inputs: the second PI creates a new Section to address the new technology and a third PI proposes modifications to Section (F) in support of the new technology. Similar sets of Public Inputs were submitted in the event the Panel wished to consider two alternate locations for adding this new technology, including submitting the same concepts to Sections (C) as well as another set to insert a new (B). An attachment fitting that is hard connected, a recognized component that is part of a listed product, not an attachment plug and cable, is used to make the connection for this new technology. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. There is a new third party certified combination that includes the use of a receptacle and an attachment fitting to supply, support and connect ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceilingsuspended luminaires, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. The attachment fitting is a recognized component used as part of a listed product. The attachment fitting is inserted in a listed receptacle. This Public Input is part of series of Public Inputs submitted to assure that this new third party certified combination is recognized by users and inspectors, and installed in a consistent and safe manner. There are 5 topics addressed in this substantiation: 1) Why new NEC text is needed; 2) explanation of the new technology; 3) what problem is being solved by adding new text; 4) relevant fatality and injury data; and 5) documentation that there are no essential patent concerns. Why new NEC text is necessary. This multifunctional receptacle and attachment fitting (not plug) combination is a new technology category and is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific. It should be noted that the attachment fitting is not a plug since it is used as part of a listed utilization device (luminaire or paddle fan). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method that allows for safe wiring, installation and removal for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. Once the receptacle and cover plate are in place, since the luminaire is disconnected from the power source until plugged in and there are not exposed energized parts, installation and connection of the utilization equipment (luminaire or paddle fan) is inherently safe. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is easier for inspectors, installers and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Additionally for installers, it represents technology that eliminates or reduces electrical hazards in many common instances described in the Data portion of this substantiation. An example of this type of technology is the GE/Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) product, of which over a million of these units were sold between 2007 and It is projected that availability and recognition of the technology will significantly increase usage. As the popularity of the technology grows, it is reasonable to assume other designs of the locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combination will arise. It is requested NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 64

65 that the NEC Panels proactively recognize the new technology, as it will be in wide use and it will increase safety. Examples of new technology that have been acknowledged in the NEC past include wind turbines and electric vehicle charging systems in order to keep up with advances in the state-of-the-art electrical technologies. Ensuring Recognition of Appropriate NEC Requirements and Safe Installation. When the technology was submitted to UL to obtain a listing, it was initially placed in the New and Unusual category. As such, it was submitted to UL s Electrical Council, and after much review and discussion, the technology was determined to be a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, and was successfully listed to UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Considering UL s extensive steps used to categorize and evaluate the technology, it is foreseeable that others might not realize that this technology is indeed considered a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, nor understand the requirements for electrical safety unless the technology is clearly addressed in the NEC. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. Data from Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) show that the traditional methods of changing an existing luminaire or maintaining existing luminaires can be dangerous. This technology significantly reduces and in many cases eliminates these hazards. For these reasons, the technology should be addressed in the NEC. What is the technology? The technology is different than what is currently addressed in Article 406. The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. By adding this new section to address the new technology, the receptacle and attachment fitting combination, it allows inspectors to recognize what requirements govern the technology therefore they can easily understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Although the suggested text is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific, an example of this technology from GE/SQL can be seen in the photo provided; a video describing the new technology can also be seen at With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan, by means of the attachment fitting that is part of the utilization equipment, is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. What problem is being solved? By adding the new text, there is clear categorization of the new technology and the requirements to ensure electrical safety by electricians and inspectors. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is safer and easier for installers, inspectors and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation to the appropriate requirements of the NEC. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 65

66 Intuitively we understand that not having to rewire each unit when the luminaire or ceiling fan is changed is safer, and there are data from CPSC, NIOSH and OSHA to confirm this notion. When an electrician installs the receptacle (female unit), it is mounted on a variation of the traditional crossbar. The attachment fitting (male fitting) is attached by the manufacturer to the luminaire, and is not available without attachment to a listed appliance. Thereby facilitating and increasing safety when the electrician installs the luminaire. Similar to the use of a ballast disconnect, this combination works to minimize or eliminate risk associated with electrical shock and associated injuries, especially when the use of ladders and support of devices are involved, or when the utilization device itself needs to be worked on. Relevant Fatality and Injury Data. OSHA Data. In the OSHA electrocution training materials, an OSHA Fatal Fact is presented 1 that details a union electrician s death by electrocution during trouble shooting with lamps. If the technology was used, the lamps could ve been disconnected and troubleshooting take place without the presence of electrical hazards. There is an OSHA Incident Report # Another OSHA Incident Report 3 # summarizes a 2008 electrocution of an electrician while changing a light bulb. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture would ve been disconnected and a new bulb would be inserted into the disconnected fixture with no access to electricity. In 2011, an electrician was electrocuted when the wires of a light fixture he was attempting to hang became stripped energizing the light fixture. As he grabbed one of the attached steel hanging cables, he received a fatal shock. OSHA Incident Report # was prepared. 4 It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used because the fixture could not have become energized, as there would be no access to electricity through the disconnected fixture. CPSC Data. The CPSC estimates 4 electrocution deaths per year associated with lighting products. 5 CPSC data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2009 to 2013 was analyzed. There were 38 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving the installation of light fixtures; 32 of those incidents involved falls and at least four of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. With the new 1 Construction Focus Four: Electrocution Hazards, Instructor Guide. OSHA Training Institute, OSHA Directorate of Training and Education, April Document can be found online at 2 OSHA Report ID: can be found at 3 OSHA Report ID: can be found online at 4 OSHA Report ID: can be found at Electrocutions Associated with Consumer Products, By Matthew V. Hnatov. Hazard Analysis Division, Directorate for Epidemiology, Consumer Products Safety Commission. April 2009 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 66

67 technology, after the receptacle is installed in the ceiling, there is no additional wiring necessary, no weight or bulk of the fixture during the initial receptacle installation, and no shock hazard during the quick connect of the fixture. Without the weight/bulk, the falls may not have occurred. With the new technology receptacle in place, installation of the luminaire is a quick connect and no shock would have occurred. There were 418 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving changing light bulbs; 390 involved falls and at least six of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. Additionally, there were 9 additional incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits associated with cleaning the light fixture; 8 of those involved falls. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture is simply disconnected and any bulb or fixture maintenance or cleaning can be done on a table, not at an elevation, thereby reducing the time at an elevated level, thereby reducing the hazard. There were 55 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving a luminaire falling from the ceiling onto the victim. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The new technology has redundant double locking mechanisms that each holds 200 lbs (although they would never hold more than 50 lb, the standard weight of a fixture), therefore the fixtures would not fall. NIOSH DATA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts the Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology (FACE) Project. Data are collected from a sample of fatal accidents, including electrical-related fatalities. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1988 electrocution of a Virginia electrician. He contacted an energized wire while attempting to install a floodlight on a new residential home. The initial wiring was complete and the electrician was wiring the fixture. The victim, using insulated wire strippers, began removing the insulation from the "14-2" standard house wiring (i.e., a cable containing two copper wires, size number 14) when his right thumb and right index finger contacted the uninsulated part of the wire stripper. The 110-volt circuit had not been deenergized at the panel box prior to the incident. The victim received an electrical shock and fell to the ground. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. It is likely that some of the electrician s attention was diverted to the light as he was likely holding the light to connect it after the preparation of the wires. If the new technology were used, the receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture would ve simply been quick- connected with the receptacle and attachment fitting. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution could ve been avoided. 6 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 67

68 NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1987 electrocution of a North Carolina electrician. While repairing a fluorescent light fixture over a kitchen sink in a single-family residence, a 33- year-old journeyman electrician was electrocuted when he contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast (400 volts). The ballast had been replaced, however, he could not get the light to operate properly. The electrician was sitting on the sink when he apparently contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast. The circuit had not been de-energized at the panel box or at the single-pole switch on the wall beside the sink. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture could ve been taken down through a simple quick disconnect for examination. If the fixture was determined to be in working order, additional work could be completed with the fixture quick-disconnected and out of the vicinity so full attention could be given to the wiring. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution might have been avoided. Efficiency Improvements. The technology will increase not only electricians safety but efficiency in installation. The installation of luminaires and ceiling fans requires the simultaneous support of the heavy and bulky appliance while properly performing the connection of the wiring. During the installation, the electrician has to do the wiring while he or someone else is holding the bulky luminaire or fan. This is not the case with this new technology. With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan with the attached plug is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. Wiring will no longer require the luminaire or fan to be held nearby, oftentimes while on a ladder. By removing the bulky luminaire or ceiling fan from the initial equation, safety and efficiency is increased. 7 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 68

69 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 69

70 Mark Earley, PE Chief Electrical Engineer National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1 Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA November 5, 2014 We are happy to report that the Public Input submissions from Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) for the A2016 revision cycle do not invoke the use of an essential patent claim (one whose use would be required for compliance with the NEC), and as such, we believe these submissions are in compliance with the NFPA ANSI Patent Policy. The SQL Public Input submissions do not result in any requirements being added to the NEC that would require the use of any technology, patented or otherwise. SQL wishes to ensure the Panel is aware that the example of this technology highlighted in the substantiation of the Public Input submissions from SQL is a patented design, however other manufacturers' designs could reasonably be expected to meet the safety requirements that SQL proposed for inclusion in the NEC. As such, there are no essential patent concerns. With no essential patent concerns and even though not required, SQL wishes to advise the Panel and Correlating Committee that SQL is willing and open to share all of our patents relating to the power plug and receptacle with licensing agreements, complete with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination. Sincerely, Rani Kohen Chairman of the Board Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 70

71 13 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Definition: Electric Sign. ] Electric Sign. A fixed, stationary, or portable self-contained, electrically operated and/or electrically illuminated utilization equipment with words or symbols designed to convey information or attract attention. Additional Proposed Changes File Name Electric_Signs.docx Description Approved signs The definition coincides with the UL standard covering all electrically operated and illuminated signs. A sign that was only operated by electrical motors for movement or one that generates steam to simulate smoke is not include in the current definition. Submitter Full Name: Alfio Torrisi Organization: Master Electrician Submittal Date: Wed Oct 29 15:15:03 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 71

72 Electric Signs UL 48 1 Scope 1.1 These requirements cover all electric signs, art forms and outline lighting for use in accordance with the National Electrical Code, NFPA Electric signs include all signs (regardless of voltage) that are electrically operated and/or electrically illuminated, including but not limited to the following methods of illumination: incandescent, fluorescent, high intensity discharge (HID), electric discharge tubing including neon tubing, light-emitting diode (LED), skeleton neon tubing, cold-cathode lamps, and electroluminescence. Unless otherwise noted the term "sign" includes signs, outline lighting, art forms, and skeleton neon tubing. 1.3 Electric signs covered by these requirements also include, but are not limited to, awning signs, trailer-mounted signs, electrically or mechanically animated signs, signs supplied by photovoltaic systems and other independent power sources, changing message signs, including scrolling, flipper, tri-view, liquid crystal display (LCD), and light-emitting diode (LED) type and other electrically operated signs that are not necessarily illuminated. 1.4 These requirements do not cover the following: a) Illuminated clocks operating at 600 V or less; refer to the Standard for Household Electric Clocks, UL 826 or for commercial use clocks to the Standard for Time-Indicating and - Recording Appliances, UL 863; b) Exit signs; refer to the Standard for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment, UL 924; c) The trailer of a trailer mounted sign; d) Luminaires mounted to function as outline lighting; refer to the Standard for Luminaires, UL 1598; e) Luminaires mounted within an Awning Sign; refer to Standard for Luminaires, UL 1598; f) Signs that do not use electricity; g) Luminaires intended for billboard illumination; refer to Standard for Luminaires, UL 1598; h) Fiber optics or Fiber optic Illuminators; i) Signs for use in hazardous (classified) locations as defined in the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 72

73 164 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Definition: Festoon Cable. ] Festoon Cable. Single- and multiple-conductor cable intended for use and installation in accordance with Article 610 where flexibility is required. Informational Note: Festoon cable consists of one or more insulated conductors cabled together with an overall jacket. It is rated 60 C (140 F), 75 C (167 F), 90 C (194 F), or 105 C (221 F) and V nominal or less. this needs to match other sections Submitter Full Name: JAMES CAIN Organization: [ Not Specified ] Affilliation: self Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 20:41:55 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 73

74 44 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Definition: Receptacle. ] Receptacle. A receptacle is a contact device installed at the outlet for the connection of an attachment plug. A single receptacle is a single contact device with no other contact device on the same yoke. A multiple receptacle is two or more contact devices on the same yoke. (FPN) Typically a blade type receptacle is used for public use general appliance cold connections. For the 1000V industry the typical cord connection is a pin and sleeve type for non-general public appliance connections. Receptacle Pin and Sleeeve A pin and sleeve receptacle in a device that has a longer ground pin and connects are made with a solid pin sliding into a receiving sleeve typically with a spring disconnect or locking arm for secure connection People working in the 1000v industry want to make sure no public person is injured by trying to plug an appliance into a 1000v outlet so people are using a pin and sleeve connector. We need to add the definitions into the code book and make sure everyone understands that a blade receptacle is not to carry 1000v. Submitter Full Name: JAMES CAIN Organization: [ Not Specified ] Affilliation: self Submittal Date: Thu Oct 30 11:48:30 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 74

75 45 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Definition: Receptacle. ] Receptacle. A receptacle is a contact device installed at the outlet for the connection of an attachment plug. A single receptacle is a single contact device with no other contact device on the same yoke. A multiple receptacle is two or more contact devices on the same yoke. In accordance with the NEC Style Manual, the defined term is not to be used in the definition. The words identified for deletion are not needed for understanding so are superfluous. Submitter Full Name: Phil Simmons Organization: Simmons Electrical Services Submittal Date: Mon Nov 03 13:46:59 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 75

76 3 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Global Input ] Relocate Article 393 into Chapter 4 as Article 413. In this case the panel assignment is correct; the only issue is whether this article belongs in Chapter 3. The article covers specialized equipment developed for suspended ceilings. It does not cover a wiring method in any recognizable sense. In addition, its provisions very closely track the provisions in Article 411. Placing this material adjacent to Article 411 makes more sense in terms of technical merit, and it will be far more user friendly for electricians looking for wiring methods. There is precedent for keeping methods such as those described in Article 393 out of Chapter 3. In the 1996 cycle, industrial users frustrated by the perceived intransigence of CMP 16, attempted to end run Article 725 by placing certain industrial control wiring in Chapter 3. CMP 7 accepted it as a new Article 341. The Correlating Committee wanted none of it and rejected it. In effect, the Correlating Committee was overruled at the NFPA Annual Meeting. As a result, at its meeting that takes place every code adoption year in concert with the Standards Council meeting, the Correlating Committee made a deal with the Council: it was going to come into the Code, but in Chapter 7. And so it remains today, as Article 727. This submitter considered a Chapter 7 location for this material, but it is so close to Article 411 that the Chapter 4 location seemed better. Submitter Full Name: Frederic Hartwell Organization: Hartwell Electrical Services, Inc. Submittal Date: Wed Nov 05 15:35:55 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 76

77 581 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 906-NFPA [ Section No ] Listing Requirements. Suspended ceiling power distribution systems and associated fittings shall be listed as and labeled as in 393.6(A) or (B). (A) Listed System. Low-voltage suspended ceiling distribution systems operating at 30 volts ac or less or 60 volts dc or less shall be listed as and labeled as a complete system, with the utilization equipment, power supply, and fittings as part of the same identified system. (B) Assembly of Listed Parts. A low-voltage suspended ceiling power distribution system assembled from the following parts, listed according and labeled according to the appropriate function, shall be permitted: (1) Listed low and labeled low -voltage utilization equipment (2) Listed Class and labeled Class 2 power supply (3) Listed or and labeled or identified fittings, including connectors and grid rails with bare conductors (4) Listed low and labeled low voltage cables in accordance with , conductors in raceways, or other fixed wiring methods for the secondary circuit By adding the words and labeled, it will identify that listed products also need to be labeled. Both terms listed and labeled are defined in article 100, but are not used consistently throughout the NEC. If taken literally, as defined in Article 100, a product could be listed and not labeled and still comply with the NEC when not required to be listed and labeled such as in sections 424.6, 646.3(I), and (C) to identify a few. The UL White Book identifies that only those products bearing the appropriate UL Mark and the company's name, trade name, trademark or other authorized identification should be considered as being covered by UL's Certification, Listing, Classification and Follow-Up Service. Therefore, if not identified within the UL Certification Directory as indicated in the definition of listed and bearing the appropriate UL mark as indicated in the definition of labeled the product is not considered by UL to be listed. This is not just UL; all of the test laboratories have a very similar requirement. This change will help make the NEC a more consistent document for AHJ s. Submitter Full Name: JEFFREY FECTEAU Organization: UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES LLC Submittal Date: Thu Jul 24 18:33:11 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 77

78 909 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (A) ] (A) Listed System. Low-voltage suspended ceiling distribution systems operating at 30 actual volts ac or less or 60 actual volts dc or less shall be listed as a complete system, with the utilization equipment, power supply, and fittings as part of the same identified system. This section uses voltages that are "actual" hard limits. Refer to the substantiation for 1902 for more information. Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Relationship Public Input No NFPA [Global Input] This submission depends on 1902 Submitter Full Name: JAMES WILLIAMS Organization: none Affilliation: Retired Master Electrician Submittal Date: Thu Oct 16 20:16:47 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 78

79 910 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] Uses Permitted. Low-voltage suspended ceiling power distribution systems shall be permanently connected and shall be permitted as follows: (1) For listed utilization equipment capable of operation at a maximum of 30 actual volts ac (42.4 actual volts peak) or 60 actual volts dc (24.8 actual volts peak for dc interrupted at a rate of 10 Hz to 200 Hz) and limited to Class 2 power levels in Chapter 9, Table 11(A) and Table 11(B) for lighting, control, and signaling circuits. (2) In indoor dry locations. (3) For residential, commercial, and industrial installations. (4) In other spaces used for environmental air in accordance with (C), electrical equipment having a metal enclosure, or with a nonmetallic enclosure and fittings, shall be listed for use within an air-handling space and shall have adequate fire-resistant and low-smoke-producing characteristics and associated wiring material suitable for the ambient temperature. Informational Note: One method of defining adequate fire-resistant and low-smoke producing characteristics for electrical equipment with a nonmetallic enclosure is in ANSI/ UL , Fire Test for Heat and Visible Smoke Release for Discrete Products and Their Accessories Installed in Air-Handling Spaces. This section uses voltages that are "actual" hard limits. Refer to the substantiation for 1902 for more information. Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Relationship Public Input No NFPA [Global Input] This submission depends on 1902 Submitter Full Name: JAMES WILLIAMS Organization: none Affilliation: Retired Master Electrician Submittal Date: Thu Oct 16 19:41:04 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 79

80 911 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] Uses Not Permitted. Suspended ceiling power distribution systems shall not be installed in the following: (1) In damp or wet locations (2) Where subject to corrosive fumes or vapors, such as storage battery rooms containing vented batteries (3) Where subject to physical damage (4) In concealed locations (5) In hazardous (classified) locations (6) As part of a fire-rated floor-ceiling or roof-ceiling assembly, unless specifically listed as part of the assembly (7) For lighting in general or critical patient care areas Batteries such as VRLA or sealed batteries do not vent significant quantities of corrosive fumes or vapors. Submitter Full Name: Stephen McCluer Organization: APC by Schneider Electric Affilliation: IEEE Stationary Battery Committee Submittal Date: Mon Oct 27 13:18:18 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 80

81 912 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (A) ] (A) Grounding Bonding of Supply Side of Class 2 Power Source. The supply side of the Class 2 power source shall be connected to an equipment grounding bonding conductor in accordance with the applicable requirements in Part IV of Article 250. The term equipment grounding conductor is a misnomer even though it has been in use for many many years. Although it is a grounded conductor in normal practice for grounded systems, the idea that grounding makes a system safe and prevents an electrical shock is inherently false. Connecting a conductor from metallic equipment likely to become energized to the earth does not reduce the shock potential during a fault but, rather, may enhance it if it becomes the only path back to the source. The shock potential is the voltage drop along the conductor (equipment grounding conductor) due to fault current flowing back to the source. The shock hazard depends upon the time until the fault is cleared by an overcurrent device or some other event, thus the clearing time is a critical factor in safety. This conductor (equipment grounding conductor) is intended to protect equipment and personnel by providing a sufficiently high fault current to operate an overcurrent device and clear the fault rapidly. A low impedance fault current path can provide the necessary high fault current regardless of whether the conductor is grounded or not. It is only the fault current path and not the grounding that can provide the high fault current necessary to operate an overcurrent device rapidly. The term bonding is generally used to insure that a connection and current path is low impedance, reliable, and able to withstand the fault current. This conductor provides a basic bonding function by insuring, through proper sizing and bonding jumpers as necessary, that the connection from equipment to fault current source is both low impedance and reliable. A bonding function is the necessary function rather than a grounding function to clear a fault rapidly. A grounding function is provided by a grounding electrode conductor that connects an electrical system source to the earth. An overcurrent device operates in a time interval based upon the current through it. That current depends upon proper bonding to the source and is relatively independent of connection to the grounding electrode at the source where the overcurrent device is located. The use of the term equipment bonding conductor would better describe the function of this important conductor instead of the term equipment grounding conductor. Systems are grounded, equipment is bonded. Making this change would also bring the NEC into conformity with the Canadian Electrical Code which uses the term equipment bonding conductor. Code Panel 5 members have often stated that those in the industry understand what the purpose of the equipment grounding conductor is for. The Panel members understand this also. There are, however, many people doing electrical work who don t understand and think connecting equipment to a local grounding electrode accomplishes the same objective as an equipment grounding conductor. This is apparent from the large number of questions that are asked at IAEI inspectors meetings, grounding classes, and as documented recently in the July/August 2014 issue of the NFPA Journal under the title Pool Rules. Just ask the inspectors and the teachers. Changing the terminology will serve to make it clear that the principal function of this conductor is to bond the equipment being protected to the source where the fault current originates. Changing the terminology will not confuse those that understand the proper purpose of this bonding conductor. Submitter Full Name: ELLIOT RAPPAPORT Organization: ELECTRO TECHNOLOGY Submittal Date: Sun Oct 26 14:27:25 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 81

82 588 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 512-NFPA [ Definition: Child Care Facility. ] Child DAY Care Facility. A building or structure, or portion thereof, for educational, supervisory, or personal care services for more than four children 7 children 6 years old or less. The most used building code IBC for 2009 version defines a Child Care Facility in as: CHILD CARE FACILITIES. Facilities that provide care on a 24-hour basis to more than five children, 2 ½ years of age or less. Under IBC the child care facility is required to be Occupancy I-2 for those not capable of self-preservation. Under IBC a child day care facility is a Group I-4 occupancy where providing supervision and personal care. Under IBC a day care for those older than 2.5 years of age and providing educational, supervision or personal care services, those are classified as a Group E occupancy. For the IBC 2012 version the definition CHILD CARE FACILITIES is removed. All references to child care facility are removed. Foster Care facilities are now listed in IBC for I-2 occupancy. Child day care is listed in for Groups I-4 occupancy. And IBC for Group E occupancy has day care facilities for older than 2.5 years of age. The building code is not using the term Child Care Facility as an occupancy. SO the NFPA 70 is defining the function of an occupancy. The function for educational, supervisory or personal care services will then apply to schools. With first grade students being 7 years of age then by definition an elementary school will require all receptacles to be tamper-resistant in all spaces except in mechanical rooms and electrical rooms where children are restricted by locks for safety. Then if the school included middle school and high school age students, those spaces including labs and shops would be required to have tamper-resistant receptacles. But additional areas that provide the functions listed in Child Care Facility definition would be libraries, museums, hospital pediatric areas, recreation centers, and activity centers. And maybe even an office that has a day care area not guarded from child movements outside the space. By the notes in the handbook, the intent was for day care centers (GSA Child Care Center) where groups of children are somewhat supervised but allowed to do activities which do not restrict their movements and someone is not watching each of them all the time. The Child Care Facility definition is too broad in that the description is a function and should be changed to day care to limit to an occupancy. Submitter Full Name: RODNEY RUSNAK Organization: HEAPY ENGINEERING Submittal Date: Fri Apr 18 09:04:48 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 82

83 589 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Section after 406.3(D)(2) ] TITLE OF NEW CONTENT Type your content here... Adding 406.3(F) on-line screen would not present a box to add this after (E) (F) Receptacle with USB Charger. A 125 V 15 A or 20 A receptacle that additionally provides Class 2 power shall be listed and constructed such that the Class 2 circuitry is integral with the receptacle. Article 406 contains requirements for a variety of different types of receptacles such as isolated ground, weatherresistant and tamper-resistant type receptacles. But the Article does not require a receptacle providing power to Class 2 equipment be listed. Also available in the market-place are assemblies consisting of a Class 2 power supply and Class 2 output connector(s). These assemblies are intended to be secured and connected to a duplex receptacle. The combination of the assembly and duplex receptacle has not been investigated. The nationally recognized product standard for receptacles, ANSI/UL 498 contains requirements that correspond to the required construction as well as the performance requirements to evaluate the suitability of a receptacle with integral power supply with Class 2 output connectors. Requiring the use of a listed receptacle with integral power supply with Class 2 output connectors will confirm that the installed device complies with the required characteristics of 406.3(F). Submitter Full Name: Charles Kurten Organization: UL LLC Submittal Date: Mon Sep 22 12:48:22 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 83

84 068 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (B) ] (B) Rating. Receptacles and cord connectors shall be rated not less than 15 amperes, 125 volts, or 15 amperes, 250 volts, or 5a for 251 to 1000v nominal and shall be of a type not suitable for use as lampholders or utilization equipment. Informational Note: See (B) for receptacle ratings where installed on branch circuits. As discussed for 90 to 404 sections, the 1000v fla and afc values are less so we need smaller cables and plugs. It is a little hard to explain why we need a 20a ircuit for a 0.6 amp load Submitter Full Name: JAMES CAIN Organization: [ Not Specified ] Affilliation: self Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 14:50:33 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 84

85 069 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D) ] (D) Isolated Ground Bond Receptacles. Receptacles incorporating an isolated grounding bonding conductor connection intended for the reduction of electrical noise (electromagnetic interference) as permitted in (D) shall be identified by an orange triangle located on the face of the receptacle. (1) Isolated Equipment Grounding Bonding Conductor Required. Receptacles so identified shall be used only with equipment grounding bonding conductors that are isolated in accordance with (D). (2) Installation in Nonmetallic Boxes. Isolated ground bond receptacles installed in nonmetallic boxes shall be covered with a nonmetallic faceplate. Exception: Where an isolated ground bond receptacle is installed in a nonmetallic box, a metal faceplate shall be permitted if the box contains a feature or accessory that permits the effective grounding bonding of the faceplate. The term equipment grounding conductor is a misnomer even though it has been in use for many many years. Although it is a grounded conductor in normal practice for grounded systems, the idea that grounding makes a system safe and prevents an electrical shock is inherently false. Connecting a conductor from metallic equipment likely to become energized to the earth does not reduce the shock potential during a fault but, rather, may enhance it if it becomes the only path back to the source. The shock potential is the voltage drop along the conductor (equipment grounding conductor) due to fault current flowing back to the source. The shock hazard depends upon the time until the fault is cleared by an overcurrent device or some other event, thus the clearing time is a critical factor in safety. This conductor (equipment grounding conductor) is intended to protect equipment and personnel by providing a sufficiently high fault current to operate an overcurrent device and clear the fault rapidly. A low impedance fault current path can provide the necessary high fault current regardless of whether the conductor is grounded or not. It is only the fault current path and not the grounding that can provide the high fault current necessary to operate an overcurrent device rapidly. The term bonding is generally used to insure that a connection and current path is low impedance, reliable, and able to withstand the fault current. This conductor provides a basic bonding function by insuring, through proper sizing and bonding jumpers as necessary, that the connection from equipment to fault current source is both low impedance and reliable. A bonding function is the necessary function rather than a grounding function to clear a fault rapidly. A grounding function is provided by a grounding electrode conductor that connects an electrical system source to the earth. An overcurrent device operates in a time interval based upon the current through it. That current depends upon proper bonding to the source and is relatively independent of connection to the grounding electrode at the source where the overcurrent device is located. The use of the term equipment bonding conductor would better describe the function of this important conductor instead of the term equipment grounding conductor. Systems are grounded, equipment is bonded. Making this change would also bring the NEC into conformity with the Canadian Electrical Code which uses the term equipment bonding conductor. Code Panel 5 members have often stated that those in the industry understand what the purpose of the equipment grounding conductor is for. The Panel members understand this also. There are, however, many people doing electrical work who don t understand and think connecting equipment to a local grounding electrode accomplishes the same objective as an equipment grounding conductor. This is apparent from the large number of questions that are asked at IAEI inspectors meetings, grounding classes, and as documented recently in the July/August 2014 issue of the NFPA Journal under the title Pool Rules. Just ask the inspectors and the teachers. Changing the terminology will serve to make it clear that the principal function of this conductor is to bond the equipment being protected to the source where the fault current originates. Changing the terminology will not confuse those that understand the proper purpose of this bonding conductor. Submitter Full Name: ELLIOT RAPPAPORT Organization: ELECTRO TECHNOLOGY NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 85

86 070 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Submittal Date: Sun Oct 26 16:58:42 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 86

87 073 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 736-NFPA [ Section No (E) ] (E) Controlled Receptacle Marking. All nonlocking-type, 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles that are controlled by an automatic control device, or that incorporate control features that remove power from the outlet the receptacle for the purpose of energy management or building automation, shall be permanently marked with the symbol shown in Figure 406.3(E) and located on the controlled receptacle outlet where. The marking shall be located to clearly indicate each controlled receptacle and be visible after installation. Figure 406.3(E) Controlled Receptacle Marking Symbol. Exception: The marking is not required for receptacles controlled by a wall switch that provide the required room lighting outlets as permitted by Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved Example_of_Marking_of_Controlled_Receptacles.pdf Example catalog sheet of marked receptacle The section uses the terms, outlet, receptacle outlet, and receptacle, all of which, in terms of the definitions in Article 100, could be understood to mean different things. I believe the intent of the section is that the actual receptacle is to be marked, and not for instance, the cover plate. The use of the term receptacle outlet adds some confusion as to whether or not the actual controlled receptacle must be marked. This could be confusing, especially in the case of split-wired receptacles where it would be important to indicate the specific controlled receptacle. Please see the attached pdf that shows an example of only one receptacle of a duplex receptacle outlet marked and another example of the entire duplex receptacle outlet marked. Submitter Full Name: HARRY J FERRIS Organization: Jacobs Engineering Submittal Date: Mon Jun 30 12:24:06 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 87

88 072 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (E) ] (E) Controlled Receptacle Marking. All nonlocking-type, 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles that are controlled by an automatic control device, or that incorporate control features that remove power from the outlet for the purpose of energy management or building automation, shall be marked with the symbol shown in Figure 406.3(E) and located on the controlled receptacle outlet where visible after installation. Figure 406.3(E) Controlled Receptacle Marking Symbol. Exception: The marking is not required for receptacles controlled by a wall switch that provide the required room lighting outlets as permitted by Additional Proposed Changes File Name 406.3_Public_Input_No._3506-NFPA_ docx Description Approved This Public Input (PI) clarifies that a controlled receptacle marking symbol may located either on the receptacle outlet or on the receptacle faceplate (cover plate). Unlike hospital grade and tamper-resistant receptacles, controlled receptacles are marked in field. Enabling the symbol to be located on the faceplate allows it visible even when the receptacle is in use. This also prolongs the lifespan of the controlled receptacle marking if it is an adhesive since outlets are not always flush (sometimes they are contoured). A flat surface without the constant friction caused by a plug decreases the chances of the marking becoming deteriorated. Submitter Full Name: JEAN M BLANC Organization: Thomas & Betts Submittal Date: Tue Nov 04 12:41:58 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 88

89 5 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 343-NFPA [ Global Input ] NOTE: The following Public Input appeared as Rejected but held (Hold) in Public Comment No (Log #917) of the A2013 Second Draft Report (ROC) for NFPA 70 and per the Regs. at Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved pdf pdf P _L748_Fig_406.3_E_R.docx Fig 406.3(E) See the Uploaded File for Recommendation text. Substantiation: Allow these receptacles to be marked with text for both retrofit work and new work when specially marked receptacles are not available and the electrician does not have stickers with the designated icon and lacks artistic skills. Unlike the other two receptacles which are marked with icons (isolated ground and hospital grade) a controlled receptacle may be that merely by virtue of the branch circuit that feeds it, not by any mechanical property of the receptacle itself. (Yes, I know about X-10 and its like.) Indeed currently produced controlled receptacles are marked CONTROLLED. For example see Leviton vizia rf+ (a random example). Submitter Full Name: NEC on CMP18 Organization: NEC on CMP18 Submittal Date: Wed Feb 26 14:04:57 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 89

90 Report on Comments June 2013 NFPA 70 Printed on 2/26/2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 90 1

91 Figure 406.3(E) NEC A2013/NFPA 70/Log #748/Figure 406.3(E)/Rec NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 91

92 Report on Comments June 2013 NFPA Log #917 NEC-P18 Final Action: Hold (406.3(E)) Submitter: James F. Williams, Fairmont, WV Comment on Proposal No: Recommendation: Revise text to read as follows: Receptacle Rating and Type. (E) Controlled Receptacle Marking. All nonlocking-type, 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles that are controlled by an automatic control device or incorporate control features that remove power from the outlet for the purpose of energy management or building automation shall be marked with the symbol shown below placed on the controlled receptacle outlet where visible after installation or have clearly legible marking in letters not less than 6 mm (¼ in.) high reading Controlled. The label shall comply with Substantiation: Allow these receptacles to be marked with text for both retrofit work and new work when specially marked receptacles are not available and the electrician does not have stickers with the designated icon and lacks artistic skills. Unlike the other two receptacles which are marked with icons (isolated ground and hospital grade) a controlled receptacle may be that merely by virtue of the branch circuit that feeds it, not by any mechanical property of the receptacle itself. (Yes, I know about X-10 and its like.) Indeed currently produced controlled receptacles are marked CONTROLLED. For example see Leviton vizia rf+ (a random example). Panel Meeting Action: Hold Panel Statement: This comment was held because it would introduce a concept that has not had public review by being included in a related proposal as published in the Report on Proposals. Number Eligible to Vote: 10 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 10 Printed on 2/26/2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 92 1

93 1 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 287-NFPA [ Global Input ] The controlled receptable marking symbol (406.3E) on receptacle faceplates of energy management system is inappropriate for applications where children are present. The ubiquitous symbol is currently used as a power button on many home electronics and computers. Small children learn to press this button to turn electronics on and off. This symbol may attract children to this type of receptacle, which could lead them to tamper with the outlet. I advise the NFPA to redesign the symbol for this application. Dangerous situation for children who are familiar with electronics, some power buttons have this symbol (energy management) on the button. The symbol on the face plate will attract children for this reason. It is possible to conceived that children may attempt to turn on/off the receptacle by means of the ubiquitous symbol. When nothing occurs, the children may attempt to poke something into the holes of the receptacle. Let's keep children safe, remove this article (406.3E) from the NEC or redesign/replace the symbol. Submitter Full Name: Brian Rost Organization: Affilliation: Licensed Electrical Contractor NJ Submittal Date: Thu Feb 13 14:43:52 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 93

94 071 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (E) ] (E) Automatic Controlled Receptacle Marking. All nonlocking-type, 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles that are controlled by an automatic control device, or that incorporate control features that remove power from the outlet for the purpose of energy management or building automation, shall be marked with the symbol shown in Figure 406.3(E) and words 'Automatic Control ' and located on the controlled receptacle outlet where visible after installation. Figure (E) Controlled Receptacle Marking Symbol. Exception: The marking is not required for receptacles controlled by a wall switch that provide the required room lighting outlets as permitted by The term and symbol as used are unfamiliar and inadequate in conveying to the user that the receptacle may be de-activated by an automatic means. Using the term 'automatic control' better conveys to the user that the receptacle outlet can be de-activated by an automatic control such as an energy management system. Energy Conservation Codes do not recognize the symbol in Fig.406.3(E) and it resembles a symbol for a timer function. Marking the receptacle or cover with the words 'automatic control' will enable the user to better distinguish which receptacle to use than the current text. This could be critical if the intended use cannot be interupted. Submitter Full Name: Michael Farrell III Organization: IBEW LU #8 Toledo, OH. Submittal Date: Wed Oct 29 16:02:31 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 94

95 074 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] General Installation Requirements. Receptacle outlets shall be located in branch circuits in accordance with Part III of Article 210. General installation requirements shall be in accordance with 406.4(A) through (F). (A) Grounding Type. Except as provided in 406.4(D), receptacles installed on 15- and 20-ampere branch circuits shall be of the grounding type. Grounding-type receptacles shall be installed only on circuits of the voltage class and current for which they are rated, except as provided in Table (B)(2) and Table (B)(3). (B) To Be Grounded. Receptacles and cord connectors that have equipment grounding conductor contacts shall have those contacts connected to an equipment grounding conductor. Exception No. 1: Receptacles mounted on portable and vehicle-mounted generators in accordance with Exception No. 2: Replacement receptacles as permitted by 406.4(D). (C) Methods of Grounding. The equipment grounding conductor contacts of receptacles and cord connectors shall be grounded by connection to the equipment grounding conductor of the circuit supplying the receptacle or cord connector. Informational Note: For installation requirements for the reduction of electrical noise, see (D). The branch-circuit wiring method shall include or provide an equipment grounding conductor to which the equipment grounding conductor contacts of the receptacle or cord connector are connected. Informational Note No. 1: See for acceptable grounding means. Informational Note No. 2: For extensions of existing branch circuits, see (D) Replacements. Replacement of receptacles shall comply with 406.4(D) (1) through (D)(6), as applicable. Arc-fault circuitinterrupter type and ground-fault circuit-interrupter type receptacles shall be installed in a readily accessible location. (1) Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where a grounding means exists in the receptacle enclosure or an equipment grounding conductor is installed in accordance with (C), grounding-type receptacles shall be used and shall be connected to the equipment grounding conductor in accordance with 406.4(C) or (C). (2) Non Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where attachment to an equipment grounding conductor does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation shall comply with (D)(2)(a), (D)(2)(b), or (D)(2)(c). (a) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with another non grounding-type receptacle(s). (b) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-type of receptacle(s). These receptacles shall be marked No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter-type receptacle to any outlet supplied from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle. (c) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a grounding-type receptacle(s) where supplied through a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Grounding-type receptacles supplied through the ground-fault circuit interrupter shall be marked GFCI Protected and No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected between the grounding-type receptacles. (3) Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters. Ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. Exception: Where replacement of the receptacle type is impracticable, such as where the outlet box size will not permit the installation of the GFCI receptacle, the receptacle shall be permitted to be replaced with a new receptacle of the existing type, where GFCI protection is provided and the receptacle is marked GFCI protected and no equipment ground, in accordance with 406.4(D) (2) (a), (b), or (c). (4) Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection. Where a receptacle outlet is supplied by a branch circuit that requires arc-fault circuit-interrupter protection as specified elsewhere in this Code, a replacement receptacle at this outlet shall be one of the following: (1) A listed outlet branch-circuit type arc-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 95

96 075 of /18/2014 2:46 PM (2) A receptacle protected by a listed outlet branch-circuit type arc-fault circuit-interrupter type receptacle (3) A receptacle protected by a listed combination type arc-fault circuit-interrupter type circuit breaker This requirement becomes effective January 1, (5) Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. Listed tamper-resistant receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be tamper-resistant elsewhere in this Code. (6) Weather-Resistant Receptacles. Weather-resistant receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. (E) Cord- and Plug-Connected Equipment. The installation of grounding-type receptacles shall not be used as a requirement that all cord-and plug-connected equipment be of the grounded type. Informational Note: See for types of cord-and plug-connected equipment to be grounded. (F) Noninterchangeable Types. Receptacles connected to circuits that have different voltages, frequencies, or types of current (ac or dc) on the same premises shall be of such design that the attachment plugs used on these circuits are not interchangeable. (G) Receptacles Requiring Routine Testing. Arc-fault circuit-interrupter type and ground-fault circuit-interrupter type receptacles shall be installed in a readily accessible location. Where installed within rooms suitable for human habitation or occupation by the applicable building code they shall be located not less than 1 m (42 in.) above the floor, or not farther from a doorway than the switching control for room illumination, and not otherwise subject to obstruction by furniture placements. The current language in 406.4(D) is unenforceable and only applies to replacements although the identical technical concerns apply to new installations. This wording applies to all such devices. Its primary focus is directed towards assuring that such devices, installed for whatever reason, remain accessible for testing as required. This submitter defies any inspector to accurately anticipate future furniture placements in a room, any one of which would likely render an AFCI receptacle in typical locations not readily accessible. GFCI receptacles are generally located in the vicinity of bathroom or kitchen sinks and countertops, and such locations are usually incapable of obstruction by furniture. AFCI receptacles, however, will tend to be at the first perimeter receptacle location, often six feet into the room and at baseboard height. At any given time such receptacles will be, from time to time and essentially at random but often for very extended periods, obstructed and then free of obstruction. In addition, GFCI receptacles do get installed from time to time in locations subject to furniture placements. The language crafted for this input does not condemn all (A) placements, or commercial perimeter placements should they be used, but provides prescriptive parameters that reduce the likelihood of obstruction. It then adds general language that provides context and that an inspector can fall back on in unusual situations. The use of the term rooms and human habitation or occupation means that placements in bathrooms and hallways and unfinished basements etc. will not be limited. It also means that the access will be preserved in both commercial and dwelling rooms generally. Although AFCI rules currently apply to dwelling occupancies, they are not prohibited in other locations and their application may well be extended in the future. The allowance for a placement closer to the doorway than a light switch means that even a baseboard elevation would be permitted near a doorway on the basis that the occupant would be presumably unwilling to obstruct the switch that controls the light in the room, and thereby leave a receptacle below it unobstructed. If the inspector had grounds to believe a particular placement would be obstructed, he or she could reach it through the final clause. Submitter Full Name: Frederic Hartwell Organization: Hartwell Electrical Services, Inc. Submittal Date: Tue Nov 04 06:38:06 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 96

97 076 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (A) ] (A) Grounding Type. Except as provided in 406.4(D), receptacles installed on 15- and 20-ampere branch circuits less than 250v nominal and supject to public use shall be of the grounding type. Grounding-type receptacles shall be installed only on circuits of the voltage class and current for which they are rated, except as provided in Table (B)(2) and Table (B)(3). This section needs to match others for the 1000v systems we can easily have a 6 amp circuit and be 600 or 1000v. The 15 and 20 a is for dwellings with lamps. We need to align voltages, ratings, cables, and plugs for intended use. Submitter Full Name: JAMES CAIN Organization: [ Not Specified ] Affilliation: self Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 14:55:36 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 97

98 077 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Sections 406.4(A), 406.4(B), 406.4(C) ] Sections 406.4(A), 406.4(B), 406.4(C) (A) Grounding Bonding Type. Except as provided in 406.4(D), receptacles installed on 15- and 20-ampere branch circuits shall be of the grounding bonding type. Grounding Bonding -type receptacles shall be installed only on circuits of the voltage class and current for which they are rated, except as provided in Table (B)(2) and Table (B)(3). (B) To Be Grounded Bonded. Receptacles and cord connectors that have equipment grounding bonding conductor contacts shall have those contacts connected to an equipment grounding bonding conductor. Exception No. 1: Receptacles mounted on portable and vehicle-mounted generators in accordance with Exception No. 2: Replacement receptacles as permitted by 406.4(D). (C) Methods of Grounding Bonding. The equipment grounding bonding conductor contacts of receptacles and cord connectors shall be grounded bonded by connection to the equipment grounding bonding conductor of the circuit supplying the receptacle or cord connector. Informational Note: For installation requirements for the reduction of electrical noise, see (D). The branch-circuit wiring method shall include or provide an equipment grounding bonding conductor to which the equipment grounding bonding conductor contacts of the receptacle or cord connector are connected. Informational Note No. 1: See for acceptable grounding bonding means. Informational Note No. 2: For extensions of existing branch circuits, see The term equipment grounding conductor is a misnomer even though it has been in use for many many years. Although it is a grounded conductor in normal practice for grounded systems, the idea that grounding makes a system safe and prevents an electrical shock is inherently false. Connecting a conductor from metallic equipment likely to become energized to the earth does not reduce the shock potential during a fault but, rather, may enhance it if it becomes the only path back to the source. The shock potential is the voltage drop along the conductor (equipment grounding conductor) due to fault current flowing back to the source. The shock hazard depends upon the time until the fault is cleared by an overcurrent device or some other event, thus the clearing time is a critical factor in safety. This conductor (equipment grounding conductor) is intended to protect equipment and personnel by providing a sufficiently high fault current to operate an overcurrent device and clear the fault rapidly. A low impedance fault current path can provide the necessary high fault current regardless of whether the conductor is grounded or not. It is only the fault current path and not the grounding that can provide the high fault current necessary to operate an overcurrent device rapidly. The term bonding is generally used to insure that a connection and current path is low impedance, reliable, and able to withstand the fault current. This conductor provides a basic bonding function by insuring, through proper sizing and bonding jumpers as necessary, that the connection from equipment to fault current source is both low impedance and reliable. A bonding function is the necessary function rather than a grounding function to clear a fault rapidly. A grounding function is provided by a grounding electrode conductor that connects an electrical system source to the earth. An overcurrent device operates in a time interval based upon the current through it. That current depends upon proper bonding to the source and is relatively independent of connection to the grounding electrode at the source where the overcurrent device is located. The use of the term equipment bonding conductor would better describe the function of this important conductor instead of the term equipment grounding conductor. Systems are grounded, equipment is bonded. Making this change would also bring the NEC into conformity with the Canadian Electrical Code which uses the term equipment bonding conductor. Code Panel 5 members have often stated that those in the industry understand what the purpose of the equipment grounding conductor is for. The Panel members understand this also. There are, however, many people doing electrical work who don t understand and think connecting equipment to a local grounding electrode accomplishes the same objective as an equipment grounding conductor. This is apparent from the large number of questions that are asked at IAEI inspectors meetings, grounding classes, and as documented recently in the July/August 2014 issue of the NFPA Journal under the title Pool Rules. Just ask the inspectors and the teachers. Changing the terminology will serve to make it clear that the principal function of this conductor is to bond the equipment being protected to the source where the fault current originates. Changing the terminology will not confuse those that understand the proper purpose of this bonding conductor. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 98

99 078 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Submitter Full Name: ELLIOT RAPPAPORT Organization: ELECTRO TECHNOLOGY Submittal Date: Sun Oct 26 17:04:50 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 99

100 079 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (B) ] (B) To Be Grounded. Receptacles and cord connectors that have equipment grounding conductor contacts shall have those contacts connected to an equipment grounding conductor. Exception No. 1: Receptacles mounted on portable and vehicle-mounted generators in generator sets and generators in accordance with Exception No. 2: Replacement receptacles as permitted by 406.4(D). The terms generator and generator sets appear over twenty times in numerous articles of the Code. Although they are significantly different, they are often used interchangeably and with limited clarity as to which type of equipment a particular requirement is supposed to address. The requirements for this section will almost always be applied to assembled generator set (although in theory they could also be applied to an individual generator) so those distinctions should be followed to insure consistency and to guard against confusion. Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [New Definition after Definition: Garage.] Relationship Submitter Full Name: Brian Brady Organization: Cummins Power Generation Submittal Date: Sun Nov 02 08:35:30 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 100

101 080 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D) [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ] Replacement of receptacles shall comply with 406.4(D) (1) through (D)(6), as applicable. Arc-fault circuitinterrupter type and ground-fault circuit-interrupter type receptacles shall be installed in a readily accessible location. Exception: Arch fault protection shall not be required for non-grounding type receptacles. Arch-fault receptacles and breakers will not hold when installed on an existing knob-and-tube wiring method. In older homes with knob-and-tube with 3 way switches there are 2 ckts involved and a shared grounded conductor. The breaker or recpt will not hold when the switch is changed under load. Submitter Full Name: PATRICK MCMULLEN Organization: McMullen Inspecting, Inc. Submittal Date: Wed Oct 08 09:49:49 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 101

102 081 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Sections 406.4(D)(1), 406.4(D)(2), 406.4(D)(3) ] Sections 406.4(D)(1), 406.4(D)(2), 406.4(D)(3) (1) Grounding Bonding -Type Receptacles. Where a grounding bonding means exists in the receptacle enclosure or an equipment grounding bonding conductor is installed in accordance with (C), grounding bonding -type receptacles shall be used and shall be connected to the equipment grounding conductor in accordance with 406.4(C) or (C). (2) Non Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where attachment to an equipment grounding bonding conductor does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation shall comply with (D)(2)(a), (D)(2)(b), or (D)(2)(c). (a) A non grounding non bonding -type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with another non grounding non bonding -type receptacle(s). (b) A non grounding non bonding -type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-type of receptacle(s). These receptacles shall be marked No Equipment Ground Bond. An equipment grounding bonding conductor shall not be connected from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter-type receptacle to any outlet supplied from the ground-fault circuitinterrupter receptacle. (c) A non grounding non bonding -type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a grounding bonding -type receptacle(s) where supplied through a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Grounding Bonding -type receptacles supplied through the ground-fault circuit interrupter shall be marked GFCI Protected and No Equipment Ground Bond. An equipment grounding bonding conductor shall not be connected between the grounding bonding -type receptacles. (3) Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters. Ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. Exception: Where replacement of the receptacle type is impracticable, such as where the outlet box size will not permit the installation of the GFCI receptacle, the receptacle shall be permitted to be replaced with a new receptacle of the existing type, where GFCI protection is provided and the receptacle is marked GFCI protected and no equipment ground bond, in accordance with 406.4(D) (2) (a), (b), or (c). The term equipment grounding conductor is a misnomer even though it has been in use for many many years. Although it is a grounded conductor in normal practice for grounded systems, the idea that grounding makes a system safe and prevents an electrical shock is inherently false. Connecting a conductor from metallic equipment likely to become energized to the earth does not reduce the shock potential during a fault but, rather, may enhance it if it becomes the only path back to the source. The shock potential is the voltage drop along the conductor (equipment grounding conductor) due to fault current flowing back to the source. The shock hazard depends upon the time until the fault is cleared by an overcurrent device or some other event, thus the clearing time is a critical factor in safety. This conductor (equipment grounding conductor) is intended to protect equipment and personnel by providing a sufficiently high fault current to operate an overcurrent device and clear the fault rapidly. A low impedance fault current path can provide the necessary high fault current regardless of whether the conductor is grounded or not. It is only the fault current path and not the grounding that can provide the high fault current necessary to operate an overcurrent device rapidly. The term bonding is generally used to insure that a connection and current path is low impedance, reliable, and able to withstand the fault current. This conductor provides a basic bonding function by insuring, through proper sizing and bonding jumpers as necessary, that the connection from equipment to fault current source is both low impedance and reliable. A bonding function is the necessary function rather than a grounding function to clear a fault rapidly. A grounding function is provided by a grounding electrode conductor that connects an electrical system source to the earth. An overcurrent device operates in a time interval based upon the current through it. That current depends upon proper bonding to the source and is relatively independent of connection to the grounding electrode at the source where the overcurrent device is located. The use of the term equipment bonding conductor would better describe the function of this important conductor instead of the term equipment grounding conductor. Systems are grounded, equipment is bonded. Making this change would also bring the NEC into conformity with the Canadian Electrical Code which uses the term equipment bonding conductor. Code Panel 5 members have often stated that those in the industry understand what the purpose of the equipment grounding conductor is for. The Panel members understand this also. There are, however, many people doing NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 102

103 082 of /18/2014 2:46 PM electrical work who don t understand and think connecting equipment to a local grounding electrode accomplishes the same objective as an equipment grounding conductor. This is apparent from the large number of questions that are asked at IAEI inspectors meetings, grounding classes, and as documented recently in the July/August 2014 issue of the NFPA Journal under the title Pool Rules. Just ask the inspectors and the teachers. Changing the terminology will serve to make it clear that the principal function of this conductor is to bond the equipment being protected to the source where the fault current originates. Changing the terminology will not confuse those that understand the proper purpose of this bonding conductor. Submitter Full Name: ELLIOT RAPPAPORT Organization: ELECTRO TECHNOLOGY Submittal Date: Sun Oct 26 17:12:56 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 103

104 083 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D)(2) ] (2) Non Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where attachment to an equipment grounding conductor does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation shall comply with (D)(2)(a), (D)(2)(b), or (D)(2)(c). Receptacles wired according to (D)(2)(b) and (D)(2)(c) shall not be required to meet the provision of the first paragraph of (a) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with another non grounding-type receptacle(s). (b) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-type of receptacle(s). These receptacles shall be marked No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter-type receptacle to any outlet supplied from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle. (c) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a grounding-type receptacle(s) where supplied through a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Grounding-type receptacles supplied through the ground-fault circuit interrupter shall be marked GFCI Protected and No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected between the grounding-type receptacles. Some people hold the idea that if you install a 3-prong receptacle in accordance with this section, that you must not plug equipment into it that has a grounding requirement. I contend that the purpose of the GFCI protection in in this section is to substitute for the grounding and hence the references in 250 do not apply. The added text indicates my position. Submitter Full Name: JAMES WILLIAMS Organization: none Affilliation: Retired Master Electrician Submittal Date: Thu Oct 16 20:28:14 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 104

105 590 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 140-NFPA [ Section No (D)(2) ] (2) Non Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where attachment to an equipment grounding conductor does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation shall comply with (D)(2)(a), (D)(2)(b), or (D)(2)(c). (a) (b) (c) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with another non grounding-type receptacle(s). A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-type of receptacle(s). These receptacles shall or their cover plates shall be marked No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter-type receptacle to any outlet supplied from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle. A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a grounding-type receptacle(s) where supplied through a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Grounding-type receptacles Where supplied through the ground-fault circuit interrupter shall, grounding-type receptacles or their cover plates shall be marked GFCI Protected and No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected between the grounding-type receptacles. The present literal wording does not recognize marking the cover plate as an option.marking the cover plate may actually better than marking the receptacle, since there is virtually no place to mark the receptacle. This option should be permitted. Submitter Full Name: RUSS LEBLANC Organization: EC AND M MAGAZINE Submittal Date: Sat Feb 01 19:29:29 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 105

106 086 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D)(2) ] (2) Non Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where attachment to an equipment grounding conductor does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation shall comply with (D)(2)(a), (D)(2)(b), or (D)(2)(c). (a) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with another non grounding-type receptacle(s). (b) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-type of receptacle(s). These receptacles shall be marked No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter-type receptacle to any outlet supplied from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle. (c) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a grounding-type receptacle(s) where supplied through a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Grounding-type receptacles supplied through the ground-fault circuit interrupter shall be marked GFCI Protected and No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected between the grounding-type receptacles.??informational Note No. 1: Some equipment or appliance manufacturers require that the connection includes an equipment grounding conductor. Informational Note No. 2: See for a list of cord-and-plug connected equipment or appliances that require an equipment grounding conductor. The proposed informational notes will assist the user of the NEC in complying with the critically important safety requirements contained in manufacturer's installation instructions as well as in Submitter Full Name: Phil Simmons Organization: Simmons Electrical Services Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 20:23:46 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 106

107 085 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D)(2) ] (2) Non Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where attachment to an equipment grounding conductor does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation shall comply with (D)(2)(a), (D)(2)(b), or (D)(2)(c). (a) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with another non grounding-type receptacle(s). (b) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-type of receptacle(s). These receptacles shall be marked No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter-type receptacle to any outlet supplied from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle. (c) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a grounding-type receptacle(s) where supplied through a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Grounding-type receptacles supplied through the ground-fault circuit interrupter shall be marked GFCI Protected and No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected between the grounding-type receptacles. Exception: Where replacement of the receptacle type is at a location where it is impracticable to provide an equipment grounding conductor as provided by (C), and a compliant circuit breaker provided by (3) above is not manufactured, arc-fault circuit-interrupter protection shall not be required provided the replacement complies with the provisions of 406.4(D)(2). The implementation date has passed, therefore the statement addressing effective date is unnecessary. The exception is necessary for the application where a two-wire receptacle is replaced and no equipment grounding conductor can be installed. If the panelboard where the branch circuit originates does not provide the option of an AFCI circuit breaker, then no method exists for meeting the requirement as written. Section 406.4(D)(2)(c) and 406.4(D)(3) require GFCI receptacles to be provided at the same location. This creates a situation where the user must choose between two requirements. Until a receptacle that contains both GFCI and AFCI protection simultaneously, this exception provides a resolution for a potential conflict in rules. Submitter Full Name: Michael Johnston Organization: NECA Affilliation: NECA Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 17:14:31 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 107

108 084 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D)(2) ] (2) Non Grounding-Type Receptacles. Where attachment to an equipment grounding conductor does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation shall receptacles supplying loads that are required to be connected to an equipment grounding conductor under the conditions of Section shall have an equipment grounding conductor installed in accordance with Section (C). Receptacles supplying loads that do not meet the conditions of Section shall comply with (D)(2)(a), (D)(2)(b), or (D)(2)(c). (a) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with another non grounding-type receptacle(s). (b) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-type of receptacle(s). These receptacles shall be marked No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter-type receptacle to any outlet supplied from the ground-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle. (c) A non grounding-type receptacle(s) shall be permitted to be replaced with a grounding-type receptacle(s) where supplied through a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Grounding-type receptacles supplied through the ground-fault circuit interrupter shall be marked GFCI Protected and No Equipment Ground. An equipment grounding conductor shall not be connected between the grounding-type receptacles. When replacing a two-wire receptacle, the automatic solution has increasingly become to "just install a GFCI". There is no consideration as to what the load served may be. Section of the NEC details several loads that under certain conditions must have non-current carrying metal parts must be connected to an equipment grounding conductor. There are some exceptions to the required loads. If providing GFCI protection was truly a safe alternative, then it would be listed as one of the exceptions provided. The Code is not intended to be retroactive, but Section 406.4(D)(3) requires GFCI protection to be provided at receptacles when replacements are made when the protection is required elsewhere in the NEC (D)(4) provides the same requirement in regards to AFCI protection. This potential safety issue should also be addressed when circuit modifications take place by installation of an equipment grounding conductor. Section (C) does not require replacement of existing wiring to accomplish this, but provides several alternatives to assure that equipment is properly grounded. Submitter Full Name: Jebediah Novak Organization: Cedar Rapids Electrical JATC Affilliation: International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 16:53:40 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 108

109 087 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D)(3) ] (3) Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters. Ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. Exception: Where replacement of the receptacle type is impracticable, such as where the outlet box size will not permit the installation of the GFCI receptacle, the receptacle shall be permitted to be replaced with a new receptacle of the existing type, where GFCI protection is provided and the receptacle is marked GFCI protected and no equipment ground, in accordance with 406.4(D) (2) (a), (b), or (c). The 2014 NEC includes this new exception to permit conventional receptacles to be used for replacements if the existing outlet box will not accommodate a GFCI receptacle and further provided that GFCI protection is arranged ahead of the new receptacle. This creates the erroneous impression that 406.4(D)(3) requires the use of a GFCI receptacle. It does not. It requires the use of a ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected receptacle. A conventional receptacle on the load side of a GFCI circuit breaker complies with this rule. The new NEC exception is completely unnecessary. It is also technically incorrect because it requires the use of labeling indicating GFCI protected and no equipment ground. The latter label should not be used if an equipment ground is present, and yet would be required. There are many applications of small outlet boxes containing old wiring that nevertheless do provide an equipment grounding return path. This new exception, which is permissive and therefore does not vary the rule it follows, can technically be safely ignored. However, it is very likely to cause confusion and should be deleted in the 2017 NEC. Submitter Full Name: Frederic Hartwell Organization: Affilliation: Massachusetts Electrical Code Advisory Committee Submittal Date: Sun Oct 26 16:47:32 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 109

110 593 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 203-NFPA [ Section No (D)(3) ] (3) Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters. Ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. Exception: Where replacement of the receptacle type is impracticable, such as where the outlet box size will not permit the installation of the GFCI receptacle, the receptacle shall be permitted to be replaced with a new receptacle of the existing type, where GFCI protection is provided and the receptacle is marked GFCI protected and no equipment ground, in accordance with 406.4(D) (2) (a), (b), or (c). protected. It is not appropriate to duplicate this last phrase from 406.4(D)(2)(c) because it is not always true that equipment ground is lacking where replacement with a GFCI-protected receptacle is necessary. Submitter Full Name: DAVID SHAPIRO Organization: SAFETY FIRST ELECTRICAL Submittal Date: Wed Feb 05 13:24:55 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 110

111 592 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 141-NFPA [ Section No (D)(3) ] (3) Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters. Ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. Exception: Where replacement of the receptacle type is impracticable, such as where the outlet box size will not permit the installation of the GFCI receptacle, the receptacle shall be permitted to be replaced with a new receptacle of the existing type, where GFCI protection is provided and the receptacle is marked GFCI protected and no equipment ground, in accordance with 406.4(D) (2) (a), (b), or (c). This Exception is simply not needed since the general rule is permissive. It is already allowed by the general rule. Submitter Full Name: RUSS LEBLANC Organization: EC AND M MAGAZINE Submittal Date: Sat Feb 01 19:31:41 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 111

112 591 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D)(3) ] (3) Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters. Ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected receptacles interrupter protection shall be provided for receptacles where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. Exception: Where replacement of the receptacle type is impracticable, such as where the outlet box size will not permit the installation of the GFCI receptacle, the receptacle shall be permitted to be replaced with a new receptacle of the existing type, where GFCI protection is provided and the receptacle is marked GFCI protected and no equipment ground, in accordance with The replacement receptacle shall comply with (D) ( 1) or ( 2) (a), (b), or (c) and shall be protected by one of the following methods. (1) A GFCI receptacle, (2) A receptacle protected by GFCI feed thru type receptacle (3) A receptacle protected by a GFCI feed thru blank face type (4) A receptacle protected by a GFCI type circuit breaker Sections of the style manual titled "Exceptions" states that Exceptions to NEC rules shall be used sparingly. If used, exceptions shall convey alternatives or differences to a basic code rule. The Code-Making Panel is tasked with determining whether the principle can be expressed most effectively as a separate positive code rule or as an exception to a rule. I suggest that the editing of the long standing requirement of this section will address the concerns expressed by the submitter of proposal A 2013 ROP and eliminate exception. I have included a list of methods that will accomplish the desired protection of said replacement devices which is structured on the current language found in section (D) (4) for AFCI protected devices. Submitter Full Name: Charles Palmieri Organization: Town of Norwell Submittal Date: Sun Aug 10 09:52:04 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 112

113 Public Input No. 958-NFPA [ Section No (D)(4) ] (4) Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection. Where a receptacle outlet is supplied by a branch circuit that requires arc-fault circuit-interrupter protection as specified elsewhere in this Code, a replacement receptacle at this outlet shall be one of the following: (1) A listed outlet branch-circuit type arc-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle (2) A receptacle protected by a listed outlet branch-circuit type arc-fault circuit-interrupter type receptacle (3) A receptacle protected by a listed combination type arc-fault circuit-interrupter type circuit breaker This requirement becomes effective January 1, Please take another look at the AFCI Replacement requirement in the Code, and delete it. Why reconsider? The 'Grandfather clause' should still be in effect. Work that has been performed under an electrical permit under a previous Code, installed, inspected, and approved by an AHJ should be considered 'grandfathered' under the law - and exempt from new requirements -including in this case - AFCI protection. This is not a good requirement for contractors or the general public, including rental property owners. The average cost of a standard residential grade 120-volt 15 amp 3 wire single phase receptacle is approximately one dollar ( $ 1.00) in most markets. The contractor cost is in the neighborhood of $ 38 - depending upon the volume of electrical materials the contractor buys. That is 38 times the amount of purchasing the original receptacle. In addition, the receptacle is now required to be accessible. Or, there is the circuit breaker AFCI is just as expensive. ( I understand that AFCI receptacles can be installed for one location, or feed-through). I bought one a few months ago for $ at the wholesale house. For electrical contractors, the real problem comes when they get a service call to repair or replace a receptacle outlet in a residence, or when the receptacle outlets are loose and the tightness of the connection is not there anymore. The AFCI protection is installed, and is often problematic, causing the contractor 'callbacks'. Call-backs do not make the contractor money - generally they cost him or her money out of their pocket. A replacement is required, fine. But it should be with the type of receptacle originally installed except for a GFCI. What ever happened to an existing, safe, permitted and inspected installation being under the 'grandfather clause'? We let GFCI replacement into the code because of electric shock protection, and the cost at the time was reasonable. But, unfortunately, that noble action opened the door to no more 'grandfather clause'. Six electrical contractors have contacted me in the last 6 months, complaining of AFCI receptacle devices tripping off power when a new big screen / flat screen TV set is installed. There are also other types of equipment that have not been compatible with AFCI's. disconnect their new big, flat screen TV, and there's no problem. But, try to tell the homeowner that the use of their new TV will trip the AFCI, and they want the AFCI removed. This is a new installation, and because of problems not related to improper wiring, but sensitive equipment, the homeowner is adamant and want the AFCI protection removed - now! Contractors bear the brunt of this. The manufacturers - I'm thinking - do not bear nearly as much. The economy overall in the US is not doing well. More time should have been taken to work the bugs out of this technology. And, the requirement is punitive for those selling a home, where receptacles are determined by a home inspector to require replacement. The same goes for rental properties. The logic that 'electrical contractors can simply pass the cost on to their customers' is a fallacy. Times are tough, money is tight, and most residential contractors and rental property owners I know are very concerned about this, as our state just adopted the 2014 NEC. This is bad Code, in my opinion, and in the opinion of many others. Good code is not good just for one segment of the industry, but for all. Good Code must be: 1: Understandable 2. Reasonable - a good safety reason for it 3. Defendable 4. Enforceable. But, to an upset customer who doesn't want to pay the bill for the AFCI - even at a lower retail price of $ per receptacle, wants the AFCI's removed, and is unwilling to pay the extra cost to the contractor of the time, hassle, and callbacks, this is Bad Code. Please consider it this way: A contractor who decides to not install AFCI protection for replacement device because his customer is upset that the AFCI keeps tripping off, and wants the AFCI removed - is now a LAWBREAKER. We've turned an honest, law abiding contractor into a bandit by adopting bad Code. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page of /18/2014 2:46 PM

114 596 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Please at least discuss this at the CMP Meeting, and reconsider the AFCI replacement issue. Thank you. Submitter Full Name: MICHAEL WEITZEL Organization: CWEE Submittal Date: Fri Jul 25 19:40:18 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 114

115 594 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 390-NFPA [ Section No (D)(4) ] (4) Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection. Where a receptacle outlet is supplied by a branch circuit that requires arc-fault circuit-interrupter protection as specified elsewhere in this Code located in any of the areas specified in section (A), a replacement receptacle at this outlet shall be one of the following: (1) A listed outlet branch-circuit type arc-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle (2) A receptacle protected by a listed outlet branch-circuit type arc-fault circuit-interrupter type receptacle (3) A receptacle protected by a listed combination type arc-fault circuit-interrupter type circuit breaker This requirement becomes effective January 1, The present wording can be very problematic for an electrician who has the simple service call of replacing a customer's receptacle. The present wording forces the electrician to locate every single outlet on that branch circuit in order to determine if the receptacle is on a branch circuit that may need AFCI protection. This circuit tracing would be needed even if the receptacle being replaced is in an area not required to be AFCI protected, such as the basement, or outside, since the branch circuit supplying that receptacle could also be supplying other areas that are required to have AFCI protection. My proposed wording is practical and simplifies the entire process and still extends AFCI protection to an existing installation without requiring the installer to devote endless time trying trace out every outlet on that circuit. He will not need to find out what other outlets are being supplied by that branch circuit. He only needs to know what room/area he is in, and whether or not (A) requires AFCI protection for that room/area. Submitter Full Name: RUSS LEBLANC Organization: EC AND M MAGAZINE Submittal Date: Mon Mar 10 21:56:30 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 115

116 088 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D)(4) ] (4) Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection. Where a receptacle outlet is supplied by a branch circuit that requires arc-fault circuit-interrupter protection as specified elsewhere in this Code, a replacement receptacle at this outlet shall be one of the following: (1) A listed outlet branch-circuit type arc-fault circuit-interrupter receptacle (2) A receptacle protected by a listed outlet branch-circuit type arc-fault circuit-interrupter type receptacle (3) A receptacle protected by a listed combination type arc-fault circuit-interrupter type circuit breaker This requirement becomes effective January 1, The exception to (B) does not apply to replacement under 406.4(D)(4). Deletion is simple house keeping, no one will be reading NEC 2017 before (B) is about extending a circuit, not about extending wires in an outlet box. The "210.12(B) Exception AFCI protection shall not be required where the extension of the existing conductors is not more than 1.8 m (6 ft) and does not include any additional outlets or devices" is interpreted by some to mean that if you extend the wires in the outlet box, then you can use the exception to evade installing the AFCI protection. 90.1(A) states: "The purpose of this Code is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity." AFCIs are required in the Code in circumstances designed especially to protect lives. Electrical fires are much more prevalent in older structures than newly built ones. The purpose of (B) and 406.4(D)(4) is to introduce the additional safety provided by AFCI protection in older structures. The exception impedes the requirement of that additional safety. The added text disallows that interpretation. Submitter Full Name: JAMES WILLIAMS Organization: none Affilliation: Retired Master Electrician Submittal Date: Thu Oct 16 20:36:38 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 116

117 089 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D)(5) ] (5) Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. Listed tamper-resistant receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be tamper-resistant elsewhere in this Code except where a non grounding receptacle is replaced with another non grounding receptacle. Article 406.4(D)(5) seems to contradict article (exception(4)). It would be a lot simpler to include the exception in 406.4(D)(5) rather than expect installers to look elsewhere especially since 406.4(D) is about replacement receptacles. Submitter Full Name: DENNIS ALWON Organization: ALWON ELECTRIC Submittal Date: Sat Sep 20 12:45:33 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 117

118 091 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Sections 406.5(E), 406.5(F), 406.5(G), 406.5(H) ] Sections 406.5(E), 406.5(F), 406.5(G), 406.5(H) (E) Receptacles in Countertops and Similar Work Surfaces. Receptacles, unless listed as receptacle assemblies for countertop applications, shall not be installed in a face-up position in countertops or similar work surfaces Receptacle outlets for installation in countertops shall be listed for countertop applications. Where receptacle assemblies for countertop applications are required to provide ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel in accordance with 210.8, such assemblies shall be permitted to be listed as GFCI receptacle assemblies for countertop applications. (F) Receptacle outlet assemblies listed for use in work surfaces or counter tops shall be permitted to be installed in work surfaces. (G) Receptacles shall not be installed in a face-up position in countertops or work surfaces unless listed for the purpose. (H) Receptacles in Seating Areas and Other Similar Surfaces. In seating areas or similar surfaces, receptacles shall not be installed in a face-up position unless the receptacle is any of the following: (1) Part of an assembly listed as a furniture power distribution unit, if cord-and plug-connected. (2) Part of an assembly listed either as household furnishings or as commercial furnishings (3) Listed either as a receptacle assembly for countertop applications or as a GFCI receptacle assembly for countertop applications (4) Installed in a listed floor box (G I) Exposed Terminals. Receptacles shall be enclosed so that live wiring terminals are not exposed to contact. (H J) Voltage Between Adjacent Devices. A receptacle shall not be grouped or ganged in enclosures with other receptacles, snap switches, or similar devices, unless they are arranged so that the voltage between adjacent devices does not exceed 300 volts, or unless they are installed in enclosures equipped with identified, securely installed barriers between adjacent devices. There is a need to differentiate suitable receptacle outlet assemblies for installation into kitchen and bathroom counters from receptacle outlet assemblies intended for installation into work surfaces such as desks and tables. UL 111 Multioutlet Assemblies, UL 498 the Standard for Safety for Attachment Plugs and Receptacles and UL 943 the Standard for Safety for Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupters have requirements for the certification of receptacle outlets and GFCI receptacle outlets installed within a Counter top. These standards address the spillage of up to a 32oz (1/2 gallon) of liquid on to the installed receptacle outlet assembly. UL 111 Multioutlet Assemblies, UL 962 Household and Commercial Furnishings, UL 962A Furniture Power Distribution Units, UL 1286 Office Furnishings and UL 1363 Relocatbale Power Taps also address the spillage of liquid on to receptacle outlets mounted on the desk or table but require spillage of 8oz (1 cup) of liquid. The NEC does not currently address the differences between the certifications. The work surface liquid spillage requirements predate the counter mounted spillage requirements by at least years and were developed to address a cup of liquid tipped over. The Counter mounted requirements address the larger quantity of liquid expected in the kitchen or bathroom. To address this issue the term Work Surface is proposed to be added as this is the current terminology used in the existing standard requirements for the smaller quantity of liquid and Counter mounted is the term used in the standards, and the NEC, for the larger quantity of liquid. It would be suitable to mount a listed Counter type receptacle outlet assembly into the kitchen or bathroom environment but it would not be suitable to mount a Work Surface receptacle outlet assembly into a Counter. For section (H) Receptacles in Seating Areas and Other Similar Surfaces, all Furniture Power Distribution NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 118

119 092 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Units are cord and plug connected. Therefor that part of item 1 was deleted. Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [Article 100] Public Input No NFPA [Section No (C)(5)] Relationship Receptacles in Counter Tops and Work Surfaces Submitter Full Name: Eugene Wirth Organization: UL LLC Submittal Date: Thu Oct 09 11:10:03 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 119

120 093 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (H) ] (H) Voltage Between Adjacent Devices. A receptacle shall not be grouped or ganged in enclosures with other receptacles, snap switches, or similar devices, unless they are arranged so that the voltage between adjacent devices does not exceed 300 actual volts, or unless they are installed in enclosures equipped with identified, securely installed barriers between adjacent devices. This section uses a voltage that is an "actual" hard limit. Refer to the substantiation for 1902 for more information. Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Relationship Public Input No NFPA [Global Input] This submission depends on 1902 Submitter Full Name: JAMES WILLIAMS Organization: none Affilliation: Retired Master Electrician Submittal Date: Thu Oct 16 21:21:27 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 120

121 597 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Section after 406.6(C) ] TITLE OF NEW CONTENT Type your content here (D) Receptacle Faceplate (Cover Plates) with integral Night Light and/or USB Charger. A flush device cover plate that additionally provides a night light and/or Class 2 output connector(s) shall be listed and constructed such that the night light and/or Class 2 circuitry is integral with the flush device cover plate. Available in the market-place are a variety of flush device cover plates with an integral night light and/or a Class 2 power supply with Class 2 output connector(s). These device cover plates are intended to be secured and connected to a duplex receptacle. The combination of the cover plate, night light and/or Class 2 power supply with Class 2 output connector(s) has not been investigated. The nationally recognized product standard for receptacles, ANSI/UL 1310 contains requirements that correspond to the required construction as well as the performance requirements to evaluate the suitability of a faceplate with an integral night light and/or Class 2 power supply with Class 2 output connector(s). Requiring the use of a listed flush device cover plate with an integral night light and/or Class 2 power supply with Class 2 output connector(s) will confirm that the installed device complies with the required characteristics of 406.6(D). Submitter Full Name: Charles Kurten Organization: UL LLC Submittal Date: Mon Sep 22 12:44:27 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 121

122 094 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (B) ] (B) Grounding Bonding. Metal faceplates shall be grounded bonded. The term equipment grounding conductor is a misnomer even though it has been in use for many many years. Although it is a grounded conductor in normal practice for grounded systems, the idea that grounding makes a system safe and prevents an electrical shock is inherently false. Connecting a conductor from metallic equipment likely to become energized to the earth does not reduce the shock potential during a fault but, rather, may enhance it if it becomes the only path back to the source. The shock potential is the voltage drop along the conductor (equipment grounding conductor) due to fault current flowing back to the source. The shock hazard depends upon the time until the fault is cleared by an overcurrent device or some other event, thus the clearing time is a critical factor in safety. This conductor (equipment grounding conductor) is intended to protect equipment and personnel by providing a sufficiently high fault current to operate an overcurrent device and clear the fault rapidly. A low impedance fault current path can provide the necessary high fault current regardless of whether the conductor is grounded or not. It is only the fault current path and not the grounding that can provide the high fault current necessary to operate an overcurrent device rapidly. The term bonding is generally used to insure that a connection and current path is low impedance, reliable, and able to withstand the fault current. This conductor provides a basic bonding function by insuring, through proper sizing and bonding jumpers as necessary, that the connection from equipment to fault current source is both low impedance and reliable. A bonding function is the necessary function rather than a grounding function to clear a fault rapidly. A grounding function is provided by a grounding electrode conductor that connects an electrical system source to the earth. An overcurrent device operates in a time interval based upon the current through it. That current depends upon proper bonding to the source and is relatively independent of connection to the grounding electrode at the source where the overcurrent device is located. The use of the term equipment bonding conductor would better describe the function of this important conductor instead of the term equipment grounding conductor. Systems are grounded, equipment is bonded. Making this change would also bring the NEC into conformity with the Canadian Electrical Code which uses the term equipment bonding conductor. Code Panel 5 members have often stated that those in the industry understand what the purpose of the equipment grounding conductor is for. The Panel members understand this also. There are, however, many people doing electrical work who don t understand and think connecting equipment to a local grounding electrode accomplishes the same objective as an equipment grounding conductor. This is apparent from the large number of questions that are asked at IAEI inspectors meetings, grounding classes, and as documented recently in the July/August 2014 issue of the NFPA Journal under the title Pool Rules. Just ask the inspectors and the teachers. Changing the terminology will serve to make it clear that the principal function of this conductor is to bond the equipment being protected to the source where the fault current originates. Changing the terminology will not confuse those that understand the proper purpose of this bonding conductor. Submitter Full Name: ELLIOT RAPPAPORT Organization: ELECTRO TECHNOLOGY Submittal Date: Mon Oct 27 15:47:17 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 122

123 097 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 759-NFPA [ Section No (B)(1) ] (1) Receptacles of 15 and 20 Amperes in a Wet Location. Receptacles of 15 and 20 amperes, 125 and 250 volts installed in a wet location shall have an enclosure that is weatherproof whether or not the attachment plug cap is inserted. An outlet box hood installed for this purpose shall be listed and shall be identified as extra duty. Listed enclosures that provide weatherproof protection by other means shall not be required to be rated and identified as "extra-duty". All 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt nonlocking-type receptacles shall be listed weather-resistant type. Informational Note No. 1: Requirements for extra-duty outlet box hoods are found in ANSI/UL 514D-2000, Cover Plates for Flush-Mounted Wiring Devices. Informational Note No. 2: The types of receptacles covered by this requirement are identified as 5-15, 5-20, 6-15, and 6-20 in ANSI/NEMA WD , Standard for Dimensions of Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Exception: 15- and 20-ampere, 125- through 250-volt receptacles installed in a wet location and subject to routine high-pressure spray washing shall be permitted to have an enclosure that is weatherproof when the attachment plug is removed. The text in 406.9(B)(1) requires those outlet box hoods installed for the purpose of providing weatherproof protection to be listed and identified as extra duty. Listed equipment often incorporates receptacles which are protected by means other than an outlet box hood. For example, the common construction for a Power Outlet (UL 231) locates a receptacle behind a hinged steel cover. This cover is not an outlet box hood, and is not identified as "extra duty". Some confusion has existed over the lack of "extra duty" identification on these types of listed assemblies. Including an additional statement regarding "listed enclosures that provide weatherproof protection by other means" would clarity that the "extra duty" identification is not required when the overall assembly is listed for outdoor use. Submitter Full Name: Robert Osborne Organization: UL LLC Affilliation: UL LLC Submittal Date: Wed Jul 02 10:11:53 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 123

124 095 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (B)(1) ] (1) Receptacles of 15 and 20 Amperes in a Wet Location. Receptacles of 15 and 20 amperes, 125 and 250 volts installed in a wet location shall have an enclosure that is weatherproof whether or not the attachment plug cap is inserted. An outlet box hood installed for this purpose shall be listed and shall be identified as extra duty. All 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt nonlocking-type receptacles shall be listed weather-resistant type. Informational Note No. 1: Requirements for extra-duty outlet box hoods are found in ANSI/UL 514D-2000, Cover Plates for Flush-Mounted Wiring Devices. Exception: 15- and 20-ampere, 125- through 250-volt receptacles installed in a wet location and subject to routine high-pressure spray washing shall be permitted to have an enclosure that is weatherproof when the attachment plug is removed. All 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt nonlocking-type receptacles shall be listed weather-resistant type. Informational Note No. 2: The types configurations of weather-resistant receptacles covered by this requirement are identified as 5-15, 5-20, 6-15, and 6-20 in ANSI/NEMA WD , Standard for Dimensions of Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Exception: 15- and 20-ampere, 125- through 250-volt receptacles installed in a wet location and subject to routine high-pressure spray washing shall be permitted to have an enclosure that is weatherproof when the attachment plug is removed. [NOTE: TerraView unilaterally added then deleted a duplicate of the Exception as the last line; not intended.] Readability of the Code regarding Informational Note 2, to preclude continuing misinterpretations. The first sentence regarding "15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt receptacles" had been clear since the 2002 NEC in which it was added that this requirement applies to both nonlocking-type AND LOCKING-TYPE receptacles in Wet Locations. Please note that this requirement does NOT appear in 406.9(A) for Damp Locations. When the weather-resistant receptacle requirements were added however to the 2008 NEC for BOTH Damp Locations [then 406.8(A)] and Wet Locations [then 406.8(B)] that "all 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt NONLOCKING-TYPE receptacles shall be a listed weather-resistant type", it was also followed by an Informational Note (then FPN) that indicates "the types of receptacles COVERED BY THIS REQUIREMENT are identified as 5-15, 5-20, 6-15, and 6-20 in ANSI/NEMA WD ". While these word presented no conflict for the Damp Locations requirement, some have used the unclear editorial placement for Wet Locations to argue that this Informational Note in 406.9(B) effectively EXCLUDES 15- and 20-ampere, 125- and 250-volt LOCKING-TYPE receptacles from the "while in-use" cover requirements and now the "Extra-Duty" outlet box hood requirements in the first two sentences. (NEMA configuration designations for LOCKING-TYPE would be L5-15, L5-20, L6-15, and L6-20, rather than 5-15, 5-20, 6-15, and 6-20.) These types of false rationalizations come up particularly in OEM installations. In accordance with NEC Style Manual 3.1.3, "Informational notes... shall be located directly after the rule they apply to." In accordance with NEC Style Manual 2.6.1, "Exceptions shall immediately follow the main rule to which they apply." Consequently, Informational Note No 1 and the Exception relate to the main rules of the FIRST TWO SENTENCES regarding "an enclosure that is weatherproof whether or not the attachment plug cap is inserted" and the associated ""extra-duty" requirement, BUT NOT AFTER the THIRD sentence regarding weather-resistant receptacles. Therefore, the THIRD SENTENCE and INFORMATIONAL NOTE NO 2 should be relocated AFTER INFORMATIONAL NOTE NO 1 AND THE EXCEPTION, as shown. Also, clarifying words in Informational Note No 2 will further avoid opportunistic misinterpretations. Submitter Full Name: Brian Rock Organization: Hubbell Incorporated NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 124

125 096 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Submittal Date: Wed Oct 22 14:22:47 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 125

126 098 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (B)(2) ] (2) Other Receptacles. All other receptacles installed in a wet location shall comply with (B)(2)(a) or (B)(2)(b). that are greater than 6a and less than 1000v nominal single or multiphases. (a) A receptacle installed in a wet location, where the product intended to be plugged into it is not attended while in use, shall have an enclosure that is weatherproof with the attachment plug cap inserted or removed. (b) A receptacle installed in a wet location where the product intended to be plugged into it will be attended while in use (e.g., portable tools) shall have an enclosure that is weatherproof when the attachment plug is removed. At 600v and 1000v systems 15A is to large. We need smaller ratings so this needs a limit to coordinate with other sections Submitter Full Name: JAMES CAIN Organization: [ Not Specified ] Affilliation: self Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 15:03:04 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 126

127 099 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 127

128 100 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Grounding Bonding -Type Receptacles, Adapters, Cord Connectors, and Attachment Plugs. (A) Grounding Bonding Poles. Grounding Bonding -type receptacles, cord connectors, and attachment plugs shall be provided with one fixed grounding bonding pole in addition to the circuit poles. The grounding bonding contacting pole of grounding bonding -type plug-in ground-fault circuit interrupters shall be permitted to be of the movable, self-restoring type on circuits operating at not over 150 volts between any two conductors or any conductor and ground. (B) Grounding Bonding -Pole Identification. Grounding Bonding -type receptacles, adapters, cord connections, and attachment plugs shall have a means for connection of an equipment grounding bonding conductor to the grounding bonding pole. A terminal for connection to the grounding bonding pole shall be designated by one of the following: (1) A green-colored hexagonal-headed or -shaped terminal screw or nut, not readily removable. (2) A green-colored pressure wire connector body (a wire barrel). (3) A similar green-colored connection device, in the case of adapters. The grounding bonding terminal of a grounding bonding adapter shall be a green-colored rigid ear, lug, or similar device. The equipment grounding bonding connection shall be so designed that it cannot make contact with current-carrying parts of the receptacle, adapter, or attachment plug. The adapter shall be polarized. (4) If the terminal for the equipment grounding bonding conductor is not visible, the conductor entrance hole shall be marked with the word green or ground, the letters G or GR, a grounding symbol, or otherwise identified by a distinctive green color. If the terminal for the equipment grounding bonding conductor is readily removable, the area adjacent to the terminal shall be similarly marked. Informational Note: See Informational Note Figure (B)(4). Figure Informational Note Figure (B)(4) One Example of a Symbol Used to Identify the Termination Point for an Equipment Grounding Bonding Conductor. (C) Grounding Bonding Terminal Use. A grounding bonding terminal shall not be used for purposes other than grounding bonding. (D) Grounding Bonding -Pole Requirements. Grounding Bonding -type attachment plugs and mating cord connectors and receptacles shall be designed such that the equipment grounding bonding connection is made before the current-carrying connections. Grounding Bonding -type devices shall be so designed that grounding bonding poles of attachment plugs cannot be brought into contact with current-carrying parts of receptacles or cord connectors. (E) Use. Grounding Bonding -type attachment plugs shall be used only with a cord having an equipment grounding bonding conductor. Informational Note: See for identification of grounding bonding conductor terminals. The term equipment grounding conductor is a misnomer even though it has been in use for many many years. Although it is a grounded conductor in normal practice for grounded systems, the idea that grounding makes a NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 128

129 101 of /18/2014 2:46 PM system safe and prevents an electrical shock is inherently false. Connecting a conductor from metallic equipment likely to become energized to the earth does not reduce the shock potential during a fault but, rather, may enhance it if it becomes the only path back to the source. The shock potential is the voltage drop along the conductor (equipment grounding conductor) due to fault current flowing back to the source. The shock hazard depends upon the time until the fault is cleared by an overcurrent device or some other event, thus the clearing time is a critical factor in safety. This conductor (equipment grounding conductor) is intended to protect equipment and personnel by providing a sufficiently high fault current to operate an overcurrent device and clear the fault rapidly. A low impedance fault current path can provide the necessary high fault current regardless of whether the conductor is grounded or not. It is only the fault current path and not the grounding that can provide the high fault current necessary to operate an overcurrent device rapidly. The term bonding is generally used to insure that a connection and current path is low impedance, reliable, and able to withstand the fault current. This conductor provides a basic bonding function by insuring, through proper sizing and bonding jumpers as necessary, that the connection from equipment to fault current source is both low impedance and reliable. A bonding function is the necessary function rather than a grounding function to clear a fault rapidly. A grounding function is provided by a grounding electrode conductor that connects an electrical system source to the earth. An overcurrent device operates in a time interval based upon the current through it. That current depends upon proper bonding to the source and is relatively independent of connection to the grounding electrode at the source where the overcurrent device is located. The use of the term equipment bonding conductor would better describe the function of this important conductor instead of the term equipment grounding conductor. Systems are grounded, equipment is bonded. Making this change would also bring the NEC into conformity with the Canadian Electrical Code which uses the term equipment bonding conductor. Code Panel 5 members have often stated that those in the industry understand what the purpose of the equipment grounding conductor is for. The Panel members understand this also. There are, however, many people doing electrical work who don t understand and think connecting equipment to a local grounding electrode accomplishes the same objective as an equipment grounding conductor. This is apparent from the large number of questions that are asked at IAEI inspectors meetings, grounding classes, and as documented recently in the July/August 2014 issue of the NFPA Journal under the title Pool Rules. Just ask the inspectors and the teachers. Changing the terminology will serve to make it clear that the principal function of this conductor is to bond the equipment being protected to the source where the fault current originates. Changing the terminology will not confuse those that understand the proper purpose of this bonding conductor. Submitter Full Name: ELLIOT RAPPAPORT Organization: ELECTRO TECHNOLOGY Submittal Date: Mon Oct 27 16:05:45 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 129

130 102 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (A) ] (A) Grounding Poles. Grounding-type receptacles, cord connectors, and attachment plugs shall be provided with one fixed grounding pole in addition to the circuit poles. The grounding contacting pole of grounding-type plug-in ground-fault circuit interrupters shall be permitted to be of the movable, self-restoring type on circuits operating at not over 150 actual volts between any two conductors or any conductor and ground. This section uses a voltage that is an "actual" hard limit. Refer to the substantiation for 1902 for more information. Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Relationship Public Input No NFPA [Global Input] This submission depends on 1902 Submitter Full Name: JAMES WILLIAMS Organization: none Affilliation: Retired Master Electrician Submittal Date: Thu Oct 16 20:23:29 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 130

131 108 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Section after (C) ] Tamper Resistant Receptacles Tamper-resistant receptacles shall be installed as specified in (A) through (C) (F) (D) Preschools and Elementary Education Facilities. All nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampear receptacles located in preschools and elementary education facilities shall be listed tamper resistant receptacles. (E) Business offices, corridors, waiting rooms and the like in clinics, medical and dental offices and outpatient facilities. All nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampear receptacles located in business offices, corridors, waiting rooms and the like in clinics, medical and dental offices and outpatient facilities shall be listed tamper resistant receptacles. (F) The following assembly occupancies as described in Article Places of waiting transportation, gymnasiums, skating rinks, auditoriums. All nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampear receptacles located in places of waiting transportation, gymnasiums, skating rinks and auditoriums shall be listed tamper resistant receptacles. Problem: Small children are present in schools and accompany parents or guardians in business offices, corridors, waiting rooms and the like in clinics, medical and dental offices and outpatient facilities as well as assembly occupancies such as places of waiting transportation, gymnasiums, skating rinks, auditoriums. By extending tamper resistant receptacle protection to these locations we extend the shock and burn protection as accepted in previous TR receptacle Code revisions dating back to Substantiation: The CPSC s National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) for the years documented a reported average of 49 cases per year, of children ages 2-8, being treated in an emergency room for burns resulting from the insertion of a metallic object into a receptacle opening. During the same time, the same age group had an average of 21 incidents of electric shock reported per year, resulting from the insertion a metallic object into a receptacle opening. The most common location, where the incidents occurred, is documented in all reports described above as the home. The second and third most common locations documented in the NEISS reports are Unknown and School in that order. The fourth & fifth most common locations where these incidents occurred is a tie between Sports or Recreation place and Other public property. Expanding the TR receptacle requirements to the locations requested above would help to further reduce the number of shock and burn injuries to young children. Submitter Full Name: VINCE BACLAWSKI Organization: NEMA Submittal Date: Fri Sep 19 15:39:40 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 131

132 Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. Tamper-resistant receptacles shall be installed as specified in (A) through (C E). (A) Dwelling Units. In all areas specified in , all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (B) Guest Rooms and Guest Suites of Hotels and Motels. All nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles located in guest rooms and guest suites of hotels and motels shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (C) Child Care Facilities. In all child care facilities, all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamperresistant receptacles. Exception to (A), (B), and (C), (D) and (E) : Receptacles in the following locations shall not be required to be tamper resistant: (1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5 ½ ft) above the floor. (2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance. (3) A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two appliances located within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and plug-connected in accordance with 400.7(A) (6), (A)(7), or (A)(8). (4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in 406.4(D) (2)(a). (D) Preschools and Elementary Education Facilities. All nonlocking-type 125-volt 15- and 20-ampere receptaces located in preschools and elementary education facilities shall be listed tamper resistant receptacles. (E) Business offices, corridors, waiting rooms and the like in clinics, medical and dental offices and outpatient facilities. All nonlocking-type125-volt, 15- and 20-ampear receptacles located in business offices, corridors, waiting room and the like in clinics, medical and dental offices and outpatient facilities shall be listed tamper resistant receptacles. Problem: Small children are present in schools and accompany parents or guardians in business offices, corridors, waiting rooms and the like in clinics, medical and dental offices and outpatient facilities. These small children are frequently not individually supervised fully by an immediate adult for portions of those times. By extending tamper resistant receptacles protection to these locations we extend the shock and burn protection as accepted in previous TR receptacles Code revisions dating back to Substantiation: The CPSC's national Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) for the years documented a reported average of 49 cases per year, of children ages 2-8, being treated in an emergency room for burns resulting from the insertion of a metallic object into a receptacle opening. During the same time, the same age group had an average of 21 incidents or electric shock reported per year, resulting from the insertion of a metallic object into a receptacle opening. The most common location where the incidents occurred is documented in all reports described above as the home. The second and third most common locations documented in the NEISS reports are Unknown and School in that order. The fourth and fifth most common locations where these incidents occurred is a tie between Sports or Recreation places and Other public property. Expanding the TR receptacle requirements to the locations requested above would help to further reduce the number of shock and burn injuries to young children. Submitter Full Name: TOM ODERMATT Organization: Eaton NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page of /18/2014 2:46 PM

133 105 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Submittal Date: Thu Oct 16 15:26:08 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 133

134 103 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. Tamper-resistant receptacles shall be installed as specified in (A) through (C). (A) Dwelling Units. In all areas specified in , all nonlocking All nonlocking -type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles located in a dwelling unit shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (B) Guest Rooms and Guest Suites of Hotels and Motels. All nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles located in guest rooms and guest suites of hotels and motels shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (C) Child Care Facilities. In all child care facilities, all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamperresistant receptacles. Exception to (A), (B), and (C): Receptacles in the following locations shall not be required to be tamper resistant: (1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5 ½ ft) above the floor. (2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance. (3) A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two appliances located within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and plug-connected in accordance with 400.7(A) (6), (A)(7), or (A)(8). (4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in 406.4(D) (2)(a). Problem: 250 volt receptacles are commonly used for air-conditioning and heating units in dwelling units, guest rooms and guest suites of hotels and motels as well as other locations. These receptacles are just as dangerous as 125 volt receptacles that are required to be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. Substantialtion: According to the NFPA, each year approximately 2,400 children suffer severe shock and burns when they stick items into the slots of electrical receptacles. It is estimated that there are six to 12 child fatalities a year related to this.the CPSC's National Electronic Industry Surveillance System (NEISS) for the years documented a reported average of 49 cases per year, of children ages 2-8, being treated in an emergency room for burns resulting from the insertion of a metallic object into a receptacle opening. During the same time, the same age group had an average of 21 incidents of electric shock reported per year, resulting from the insertion of a metallic object into a receptacle opening. The most common location, where the incidents occurred, is documented as the home. Expanding the TR receptacle requirements to 250 volt for the locations requested above would help to further reduce the number of shock and burn injuries to young children. Submitter Full Name: ANDREW KRIEGMAN Organization: LEVITON MANUFACTURING Submittal Date: Thu Sep 11 11:05:19 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 134

135 Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. Tamper-resistant receptacles shall be installed as specified in (A) through (C). (A) Dwelling Units. In all areas specified in , all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (B) Guest Rooms and Guest Suites of Hotels and Motels. All nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles located in guest rooms and guest suites of hotels and motels shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (C) Child Care Facilities. In all child care facilities, all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamperresistant receptacles. Exception to (A), (B), and (C): Receptacles in the following locations shall not be required to be tamper resistant: (1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5 ½ ft) above the floor. (2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance. (3) A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two appliances located within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and plug-connected in accordance with 400.7(A) (6), (A)(7), or (A)(8). (4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in 406.4(D) (2)(a). ( D) Dormitories. In all dormitories, all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. The 2014 Code cycle recognized the need for AFCI protection in dormitory locations at (C). Adding dormitories to list of locations requiring listed tamper-resistant receptacles brings these locations in line with requirements currently in place for similar locations that require this protection. Dormitories have the same potentials to cause great harm to the occupants who reside there. The areas that comprise a dormitory are very similar to dwelling units which are afforded this type of protection. Married and non-married individual with children can and do occupy or visit these locations. Submitter Full Name: Joseph Wages Organization: IAEI Affilliation: None Submittal Date: Fri Aug 08 14:36:18 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page of /18/2014 2:46 PM

136 106 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. Tamper-resistant receptacles shall be installed as specified in (A) through (C). (A) Dwelling Units. In all areas specified in , all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (B) Guest Rooms and Guest Suites of Hotels and Motels. All nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles located in guest rooms and guest suites of hotels and motels shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (C) Child Care Facilities. In all child care facilities, all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamperresistant receptacles. Exception to (A), (B), and (C): Receptacles in the following locations shall not be required to be tamper resistant: (1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5 ½ ft) above the floor. Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance. (1) A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two appliances located within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and plug-connected in accordance with 400.7(A) (6), (A)(7), or (A)(8). (2) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in 406.4(D) (2)(a). Additional Proposed Changes File Name docx Description Approved This occurs in hotel and motel especially frequently. The permanently installed receptacle devices are required to be tamper resistant and are installed to meet the requirement. However, the receptacles are installed locations where they are not easily accessible. Than a desk lamp or some other luminaire is plug into the receptacles that are tamper resistant to provide power light to the occupants of the room, however the receptacle installed in desk lamp or some other luminaire is not tamper resistant and is easily accessible to children. Submitter Full Name: MARTY KUMM Organization: Submittal Date: Fri Nov 07 13:13:13 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 136

137 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. Tamper-resistant receptacles shall be installed as specified in (A) through (C). (A) Dwelling Units. In all areas specified in , all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (B) Guest Rooms and Guest Suites of Hotels and Motels. All nonlocking-type 125- volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles located in guest rooms and guest suites of hotels and motels shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. (C) Child Care Facilities. In all child care facilities, all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. Exception to (A), (B), and (C): Receptacles in the following locations shall not be required to be tamper resistant: (1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5 1 2 ft) above the floor. (2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance. (2)(3) A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two appliances located within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and plug-connected in accordance with 400.7(A)(6), (A)(7), or (A)(8). (3)(4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in 406.4(D)(2)(a). NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 137

138 599 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 497-NFPA [ Section No [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ] Tamper-resistant receptacles shall be installed as specified in (A) through (C). (1) Change (C) to (D) (2) (D): Receptacles in Seating Areas and Other Similar Surfaces. In all areas specified in (F), all non-locking-type 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed as tamper-resistant receptacles. These receptacles are readily accessible and present a potential danger similar to those in listed in (A)(B)(C). Additional locations include airports, convention centers, and other public gathering locations. The inclusion of Tamper Resistant receptacles would minimize the potential danger(s). Submitter Full Name: chris cleveland Organization: Iowa Central Community College Submittal Date: Wed Apr 09 20:29:43 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 138

139 600 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 414-NFPA [ Section No (A) ] (A) Dwelling Units. In all areas specified in and , all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. Children who live in a manufactured home are exposed to the same hazards caused by putting objects into a receptacle, therefore the requirement for tamper resistant receptacles need to be extended to cover those occupancies. Submitter Full Name: John McCamish Organization: NECA IBEW Electrical Training Affilliation: Self Submittal Date: Fri Mar 14 18:31:30 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 139

140 107 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (A) ] (A) Dwelling Units. In all areas specified in , all All nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. With this language change all receptacles in dwelling units would be required.to be tamper resistance. Example, let's say you have a pool installed and there is a receptacle on the dwelling but it is not with-in 6-20 feet and you add one. This receptacle is not required as of now by or another example if you where to add a receptacle in the middle of your yard, this to is not a requirement of Submitter Full Name: LARRY KINNE Organization: CNY ELECT INSP SVCS LLC Submittal Date: Tue Oct 14 06:55:33 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 140

141 109 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (C) ] (C) Child Care Facilities. In all child care facilities, all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamperresistant receptacles. Exception to (A), (B), and (C): Receptacles in the following locations shall not be required to be tamper resistant: (1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5 ½ ft) above the floor. (2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance. (3) A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two appliances located within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and plug-connected in accordance with 400.7(A) (6), (A)(7), or (A)(8). A receptacle, whether single or duplex, that is dedicated to an appliance, or applances, and is not accessible for other uses. (4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in 406.4(D) (2)(a). The current section is difficult to understand. This proposal is an attempt to clarify the intent. Submitter Full Name: ERIC STROMBERG Organization: STROMBERG ENGINEERING Affilliation: Myself Submittal Date: Mon Nov 03 21:19:00 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 141

142 601 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 105-NFPA [ Section No (C) ] (C) Child Care Facilities. In all child care facilities, all nonlocking-type 125-volt, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamperresistant receptacles. Exception to (A), (B), and (C): Receptacles in the following locations shall not be required to be tamper resistant: (1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5 ½ ft) above the floor. (2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance. (3) A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two appliances located within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and plug-connected in accordance with 400.7(A)(6), (A)(7), or (A)(8). (4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in 406.4(D)(2)(a). Delete exception 2...Luminaires in hotels or motels have receptacles installed in the fixture and defeats the intent of the code for children not to be injured by this if they were to insert an object into it. Also furniture(desks) are now common in hotels and motels where recepatcles are factory installed along with data jacks in the furniture with a cord and plug connection, these should also be tamper resistant. the problem would be in hotels and motels there would be receptacles well within reach of children to tamper with...the code requires all room receptacles to be tamper resistant why should receptacles in luminaires and furniture(desks) be exempt? Submitter Full Name: brian laflamme Organization: City of Portland maine Submittal Date: Mon Jan 27 12:17:03 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 142

143 111 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Section after ] Locking Support and Mounting Receptacle and Attachment Fitting Combination. (A) Locking support and mounting receptacle shall be listed and marked with the manufacturer s name or identification, and voltage and ampere rating. (B) Listed locking support and mounting receptacle in combination with recognized attachment fitting shall be permitted to support and supply ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceiling-suspended luminaires, and ceilingsuspended (paddle) fans. (C) Locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combinations shall be of the grounding-type and shall be connected to the equipment grounding conductors in accordance with (C). (D) Locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combinations used to connect and support luminaires shall only be permitted to be used with outlet boxes conforming to (A) installed as required by (E) Locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combinations used to connect and support ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans shall only be permitted to be used with outlet boxes conforming to (C). Informational Note : Locking support and mounting receptacles when used in conjunction with compatible attachment fitting are designed to connect, supply and support individual ceiling- or wall-mounted luminaires and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved SUBSTANTIATIONGrp1PI_1Final_2_.pdf File for substantiation. Thank you. **** NFPA Staff Note: Substantial provided in uploaded file. **** Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [New Definition after Definition: Askarel.] Public Input No NFPA [Section No (F)] Relationship Submitter Full Name: MICHAEL FONTAINE Organization: National Electrical Safety Group Affilliation: Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. Submittal Date: Fri Nov 07 11:44:59 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 143

144 Substantiation: This Public Input seeks to create new text to provide requirements for new technology. This is one of 3 linked Public Inputs: the second PI #4358 submitted a modification to Section (F) in support of the new technology and a third PI #4316 for a new associated definition for Attachment Fitting. Similar sets of Public Inputs were submitted in the event the Panel wished to consider two alternate locations for adding this new technology, including submitting the same concepts to Sections (A) and (C) (PIs 4443, 4447, 4449) as well as another set to insert a new (B) (PIs 4388, 4422, 4402). There is a new third party certified combination that includes the use of a receptacle and an attachment fitting to supply, support and connect ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceilingsuspended luminaires, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. The attachment fitting is a recognized component used as part of a listed product. The attachment fitting is inserted in a listed receptacle. This Public Input is part of series of Public Inputs submitted to assure that this new third party certified combination is recognized by users and inspectors, and installed in a consistent and safe manner. There are 5 topics addressed in this substantiation: 1) Why new NEC text is needed; 2) explanation of the new technology; 3) what problem is being solved by adding new text; 4) relevant fatality and injury data; and 5) documentation that there are no essential patent concerns. Why new NEC text is necessary. This multifunctional receptacle and attachment fitting (not plug) combination is a new technology category and is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific. It should be noted that the attachment fitting is not a plug since it is used as part of a listed utilization device (luminaire or paddle fan). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method that allows for safe wiring, installation and removal for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. Once the receptacle and cover plate are in place, since the luminaire is disconnected from the power source until plugged in and there are not exposed energized parts, installation and connection of the utilization equipment (luminaire or paddle fan) is inherently safe. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is easier for inspectors, installers and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Additionally for installers, it represents technology that eliminates or reduces electrical hazards in many common instances described in the Data portion of this substantiation. An example of this type of technology is the GE/Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) product, of which over a million of these units were sold between 2007 and It is projected that availability and recognition of the technology will significantly increase usage. As the popularity of the technology grows, it is reasonable to assume other designs of the locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combination will arise. It is requested that the NEC Panels proactively recognize the new technology, as it will be in wide use and it will increase safety. Examples of new technology that have been acknowledged in the NEC past include wind turbines and electric vehicle charging systems in order to keep up with advances in the state-of-the-art electrical technologies. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 144

145 Ensuring Recognition of Appropriate NEC Requirements and Safe Installation. When the technology was submitted to UL to obtain a listing, it was initially placed in the New and Unusual category. As such, it was submitted to UL s Electrical Council, and after much review and discussion, the technology was determined to be a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, and was successfully listed to UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Considering UL s extensive steps used to categorize and evaluate the technology, it is foreseeable that others might not realize that this technology is indeed considered a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, nor understand the requirements for electrical safety unless the technology is clearly addressed in the NEC. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. Data from Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) show that the traditional methods of changing an existing luminaire or maintaining existing luminaires can be dangerous. This technology significantly reduces and in many cases eliminates these hazards. For these reasons, the technology should be addressed in the NEC. What is the technology? The technology is different than what is currently addressed in Article 406. The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. By adding this new section to address the new technology, the receptacle and attachment fitting combination, it allows inspectors to recognize what requirements govern the technology therefore they can easily understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Although the suggested text is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific, an example of this technology from GE/SQL can be seen in the photo provided; a video describing the new technology can also be seen at With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan, by means of the attachment fitting that is part of the utilization equipment, is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. What problem is being solved? By adding the new text, there is clear categorization of the new technology and the requirements to ensure electrical safety by electricians and inspectors. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is safer and easier for installers, inspectors and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation to the appropriate requirements of the NEC. Intuitively we understand that not having to rewire each unit when the luminaire or ceiling fan is changed is safer, and there are data from CPSC, NIOSH and OSHA to confirm this notion. When an electrician installs the receptacle (female unit), it is mounted on a variation of the traditional crossbar. The attachment fitting (male fitting) is attached by the manufacturer to the luminaire, and is not available without attachment to a listed appliance. Thereby facilitating and increasing safety when the electrician installs the luminaire. Similar to the use of a ballast disconnect, this NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 145

146 combination works to minimize or eliminate risk associated with electrical shock and associated injuries, especially when the use of ladders and support of devices are involved, or when the utilization device itself needs to be worked on. Relevant Fatality and Injury Data. OSHA Data. In the OSHA electrocution training materials, an OSHA Fatal Fact is presented 1 that details a union electrician s death by electrocution during trouble shooting with lamps. If the technology was used, the lamps could ve been disconnected and troubleshooting take place without the presence of electrical hazards. There is an OSHA Incident Report # Another OSHA Incident Report 3 # summarizes a 2008 electrocution of an electrician while changing a light bulb. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture would ve been disconnected and a new bulb would be inserted into the disconnected fixture with no access to electricity. In 2011, an electrician was electrocuted when the wires of a light fixture he was attempting to hang became stripped energizing the light fixture. As he grabbed one of the attached steel hanging cables, he received a fatal shock. OSHA Incident Report # was prepared. 4 It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used because the fixture could not have become energized, as there would be no access to electricity through the disconnected fixture. CPSC Data. The CPSC estimates 4 electrocution deaths per year associated with lighting products. 5 CPSC data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2009 to 2013 was analyzed. There were 38 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving the installation of light fixtures; 32 of those incidents involved falls and at least four of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. With the new technology, after the receptacle is installed in the ceiling, there is no additional wiring necessary, no weight or bulk of the fixture during the initial receptacle installation, and no shock hazard during the quick connect of the fixture. Without the weight/bulk, the falls may not have occurred. With the new technology receptacle in place, installation of the luminaire is a quick connect and no shock would have occurred. 1 Construction Focus Four: Electrocution Hazards, Instructor Guide. OSHA Training Institute, OSHA Directorate of Training and Education, April Document can be found online at 2 OSHA Report ID: can be found at 3 OSHA Report ID: can be found online at 4 OSHA Report ID: can be found at Electrocutions Associated with Consumer Products, By Matthew V. Hnatov. Hazard Analysis Division, Directorate for Epidemiology, Consumer Products Safety Commission. April 2009 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 146

147 There were 418 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving changing light bulbs; 390 involved falls and at least six of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. Additionally, there were 9 additional incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits associated with cleaning the light fixture; 8 of those involved falls. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture is simply disconnected and any bulb or fixture maintenance or cleaning can be done on a table, not at an elevation, thereby reducing the time at an elevated level, thereby reducing the hazard. There were 55 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving a luminaire falling from the ceiling onto the victim. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The new technology has redundant double locking mechanisms that each holds 200 lbs (although they would never hold more than 50 lb, the standard weight of a fixture), therefore the fixtures would not fall. NIOSH DATA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts the Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology (FACE) Project. Data are collected from a sample of fatal accidents, including electrical-related fatalities. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1988 electrocution of a Virginia electrician. He contacted an energized wire while attempting to install a floodlight on a new residential home. The initial wiring was complete and the electrician was wiring the fixture. The victim, using insulated wire strippers, began removing the insulation from the "14-2" standard house wiring (i.e., a cable containing two copper wires, size number 14) when his right thumb and right index finger contacted the uninsulated part of the wire stripper. The 110-volt circuit had not been deenergized at the panel box prior to the incident. The victim received an electrical shock and fell to the ground. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. It is likely that some of the electrician s attention was diverted to the light as he was likely holding the light to connect it after the preparation of the wires. If the new technology were used, the receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture would ve simply been quick- connected with the receptacle and attachment fitting. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution could ve been avoided. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1987 electrocution of a North Carolina electrician. While repairing a fluorescent light fixture over a kitchen sink in a single-family residence, a 33-6 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at 7 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 147

148 year-old journeyman electrician was electrocuted when he contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast (400 volts). The ballast had been replaced, however, he could not get the light to operate properly. The electrician was sitting on the sink when he apparently contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast. The circuit had not been de-energized at the panel box or at the single-pole switch on the wall beside the sink. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture could ve been taken down through a simple quick disconnect for examination. If the fixture was determined to be in working order, additional work could be completed with the fixture quick-disconnected and out of the vicinity so full attention could be given to the wiring. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution might have been avoided. Efficiency Improvements. The technology will increase not only electricians safety but efficiency in installation. The installation of luminaires and ceiling fans requires the simultaneous support of the heavy and bulky appliance while properly performing the connection of the wiring. During the installation, the electrician has to do the wiring while he or someone else is holding the bulky luminaire or fan. This is not the case with this new technology. With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan with the attached plug is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. Wiring will no longer require the luminaire or fan to be held nearby, oftentimes while on a ladder. By removing the bulky luminaire or ceiling fan from the initial equation, safety and efficiency is increased. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 148

149 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 149

150 Mark Earley, PE Chief Electrical Engineer National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1 Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA November 5, 2014 We are happy to report that the Public Input submissions from Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) for the A2016 revision cycle do not invoke the use of an essential patent claim (one whose use would be required for compliance with the NEC), and as such, we believe these submissions are in compliance with the NFPA ANSI Patent Policy. The SQL Public Input submissions do not result in any requirements being added to the NEC that would require the use of any technology, patented or otherwise. SQL wishes to ensure the Panel is aware that the example of this technology highlighted in the substantiation of the Public Input submissions from SQL is a patented design, however other manufacturers' designs could reasonably be expected to meet the safety requirements that SQL proposed for inclusion in the NEC. As such, there are no essential patent concerns. With no essential patent concerns and even though not required, SQL wishes to advise the Panel and Correlating Committee that SQL is willing and open to share all of our patents relating to the power plug and receptacle with licensing agreements, complete with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination. Sincerely, Rani Kohen Chairman of the Board Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 150

151 110 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ New Section after ] Locking Support and Mounting Receptacle and Attachment Fitting Combination. (A) Locking support and mounting receptacle shall be listed and marked with the manufacturer s name or identification, and voltage and ampere rating. (B) Listed locking support and mounting receptacle in combination with recognized attachment fitting shall be permitted to support and supply ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceiling-suspended luminaires, and ceilingsuspended (paddle) fans. (C) Locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combinations shall be of the grounding-type and shall be connected to the equipment grounding conductors in accordance with (C). (D) Locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combinations used to connect and support luminaires shall only be permitted to be used with outlet boxes conforming to (A) installed as required by (E) Locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combinations used to connect and support ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans shall only be permitted to be used with outlet boxes conforming to (C). Informational Note: Locking support and mounting receptacles when used in conjunction with compatible attachment fitting are designed to connect, supply and support individual ceiling- or wall-mounted luminaires and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved SUBSTANTIATIONGrp1PI_1Final.pdf This is the file that is the SUBSTANTIATION for the PI. Thank you. ***<NFPA STAFF - PLEASE SEE UPLOADED FILE FOR THE SUBSTANTIATION. THANK YOU>*** Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [New Definition after Definition: Attachment Plug (Plug Cap)...] Public Input No NFPA [Section No (F)] Public Input No NFPA [New Definition after Definition: Attachment Plug (Plug Cap)...] Public Input No NFPA [Section No (F)] Relationship The definition of Attachment Fitting is in support of the new technology being added. The modifications in (F) are in support of the new technology being added. Submitter Full Name: AMY CRONIN Organization: STRATEGIC CODE SOLUTIONS LLC Affilliation: Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. Submittal Date: Thu Nov 06 13:59:53 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 151

152 Substantiation: This Public Input seeks to create new text to provide requirements for new technology. This is one of 3 linked Public Inputs: the second PI #4358 submitted a modification to Section (F) in support of the new technology and a third PI #4316 for a new associated definition for Attachment Fitting. Similar sets of Public Inputs were submitted in the event the Panel wished to consider two alternate locations for adding this new technology, including submitting the same concepts to Sections (A) and (C) (PIs 4443, 4447, 4449) as well as another set to insert a new (B) (PIs 4388, 4422, 4402). There is a new third party certified combination that includes the use of a receptacle and an attachment fitting to supply, support and connect ceiling- or wall-luminaires and ceilingsuspended luminaires, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans. The attachment fitting is a recognized component used as part of a listed product. The attachment fitting is inserted in a listed receptacle. This Public Input is part of series of Public Inputs submitted to assure that this new third party certified combination is recognized by users and inspectors, and installed in a consistent and safe manner. There are 5 topics addressed in this substantiation: 1) Why new NEC text is needed; 2) explanation of the new technology; 3) what problem is being solved by adding new text; 4) relevant fatality and injury data; and 5) documentation that there are no essential patent concerns. Why new NEC text is necessary. This multifunctional receptacle and attachment fitting (not plug) combination is a new technology category and is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific. It should be noted that the attachment fitting is not a plug since it is used as part of a listed utilization device (luminaire or paddle fan). The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method that allows for safe wiring, installation and removal for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. Once the receptacle and cover plate are in place, since the luminaire is disconnected from the power source until plugged in and there are not exposed energized parts, installation and connection of the utilization equipment (luminaire or paddle fan) is inherently safe. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is easier for inspectors, installers and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Additionally for installers, it represents technology that eliminates or reduces electrical hazards in many common instances described in the Data portion of this substantiation. An example of this type of technology is the GE/Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) product, of which over a million of these units were sold between 2007 and It is projected that availability and recognition of the technology will significantly increase usage. As the popularity of the technology grows, it is reasonable to assume other designs of the locking support and mounting receptacle and attachment fitting combination will arise. It is requested that the NEC Panels proactively recognize the new technology, as it will be in wide use and it will increase safety. Examples of new technology that have been acknowledged in the NEC past include wind turbines and electric vehicle charging systems in order to keep up with advances in the state-of-the-art electrical technologies. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 152

153 Ensuring Recognition of Appropriate NEC Requirements and Safe Installation. When the technology was submitted to UL to obtain a listing, it was initially placed in the New and Unusual category. As such, it was submitted to UL s Electrical Council, and after much review and discussion, the technology was determined to be a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, and was successfully listed to UL 498, Attachment Plugs and Receptacles. Considering UL s extensive steps used to categorize and evaluate the technology, it is foreseeable that others might not realize that this technology is indeed considered a receptacle and fitting (not plug) combination, nor understand the requirements for electrical safety unless the technology is clearly addressed in the NEC. This new technology combination of receptacle and attachment fitting cannot be electrically overloaded because an appropriate fitting will always be matched with the utilization device as part of its construction in accordance with its third party certification. Data from Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) show that the traditional methods of changing an existing luminaire or maintaining existing luminaires can be dangerous. This technology significantly reduces and in many cases eliminates these hazards. For these reasons, the technology should be addressed in the NEC. What is the technology? The technology is different than what is currently addressed in Article 406. The technology is a load-bearing receptacle that is a quick connect and disconnect method for ceiling mounted luminaires and ceiling fans. By adding this new section to address the new technology, the receptacle and attachment fitting combination, it allows inspectors to recognize what requirements govern the technology therefore they can easily understand and assess this new technology and method of installation. Although the suggested text is not intended to be product or manufacturer specific, an example of this technology from GE/SQL can be seen in the photo provided; a video describing the new technology can also be seen at With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan, by means of the attachment fitting that is part of the utilization equipment, is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. What problem is being solved? By adding the new text, there is clear categorization of the new technology and the requirements to ensure electrical safety by electricians and inspectors. By adding this new section to address the new technology, it is safer and easier for installers, inspectors and others to recognize, understand and assess this new technology and method of installation to the appropriate requirements of the NEC. Intuitively we understand that not having to rewire each unit when the luminaire or ceiling fan is changed is safer, and there are data from CPSC, NIOSH and OSHA to confirm this notion. When an electrician installs the receptacle (female unit), it is mounted on a variation of the traditional crossbar. The attachment fitting (male fitting) is attached by the manufacturer to the luminaire, and is not available without attachment to a listed appliance. Thereby facilitating and increasing safety when the electrician installs the luminaire. Similar to the use of a ballast disconnect, this NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 153

154 combination works to minimize or eliminate risk associated with electrical shock and associated injuries, especially when the use of ladders and support of devices are involved, or when the utilization device itself needs to be worked on. Relevant Fatality and Injury Data. OSHA Data. In the OSHA electrocution training materials, an OSHA Fatal Fact is presented 1 that details a union electrician s death by electrocution during trouble shooting with lamps. If the technology was used, the lamps could ve been disconnected and troubleshooting take place without the presence of electrical hazards. There is an OSHA Incident Report # Another OSHA Incident Report 3 # summarizes a 2008 electrocution of an electrician while changing a light bulb. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture would ve been disconnected and a new bulb would be inserted into the disconnected fixture with no access to electricity. In 2011, an electrician was electrocuted when the wires of a light fixture he was attempting to hang became stripped energizing the light fixture. As he grabbed one of the attached steel hanging cables, he received a fatal shock. OSHA Incident Report # was prepared. 4 It is reasonable to conclude that this incident could have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used because the fixture could not have become energized, as there would be no access to electricity through the disconnected fixture. CPSC Data. The CPSC estimates 4 electrocution deaths per year associated with lighting products. 5 CPSC data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2009 to 2013 was analyzed. There were 38 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving the installation of light fixtures; 32 of those incidents involved falls and at least four of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. With the new technology, after the receptacle is installed in the ceiling, there is no additional wiring necessary, no weight or bulk of the fixture during the initial receptacle installation, and no shock hazard during the quick connect of the fixture. Without the weight/bulk, the falls may not have occurred. With the new technology receptacle in place, installation of the luminaire is a quick connect and no shock would have occurred. 1 Construction Focus Four: Electrocution Hazards, Instructor Guide. OSHA Training Institute, OSHA Directorate of Training and Education, April Document can be found online at 2 OSHA Report ID: can be found at 3 OSHA Report ID: can be found online at 4 OSHA Report ID: can be found at Electrocutions Associated with Consumer Products, By Matthew V. Hnatov. Hazard Analysis Division, Directorate for Epidemiology, Consumer Products Safety Commission. April 2009 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 154

155 There were 418 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving changing light bulbs; 390 involved falls and at least six of those incidents involved the victims being shocked. Additionally, there were 9 additional incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits associated with cleaning the light fixture; 8 of those involved falls. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The fixture is simply disconnected and any bulb or fixture maintenance or cleaning can be done on a table, not at an elevation, thereby reducing the time at an elevated level, thereby reducing the hazard. There were 55 incidents resulting in hospital emergency room visits involving a luminaire falling from the ceiling onto the victim. It is reasonable to conclude that many of these incidents could have been avoided or minimized if the receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The new technology has redundant double locking mechanisms that each holds 200 lbs (although they would never hold more than 50 lb, the standard weight of a fixture), therefore the fixtures would not fall. NIOSH DATA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts the Fatal Accident Circumstances and Epidemiology (FACE) Project. Data are collected from a sample of fatal accidents, including electrical-related fatalities. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1988 electrocution of a Virginia electrician. He contacted an energized wire while attempting to install a floodlight on a new residential home. The initial wiring was complete and the electrician was wiring the fixture. The victim, using insulated wire strippers, began removing the insulation from the "14-2" standard house wiring (i.e., a cable containing two copper wires, size number 14) when his right thumb and right index finger contacted the uninsulated part of the wire stripper. The 110-volt circuit had not been deenergized at the panel box prior to the incident. The victim received an electrical shock and fell to the ground. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. It is likely that some of the electrician s attention was diverted to the light as he was likely holding the light to connect it after the preparation of the wires. If the new technology were used, the receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture would ve simply been quick- connected with the receptacle and attachment fitting. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution could ve been avoided. NIOSH FACE Report summarized a 1987 electrocution of a North Carolina electrician. While repairing a fluorescent light fixture over a kitchen sink in a single-family residence, a 33-6 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at 7 NIOSH Face Reports 1982 to 2005 including can be found at FACE/Default.cshtml?state=ALL&Incident_Year=ALL&Category2=0006&Submit=Submit#.VFjs8y7-DK0. . This particular report can be located directly at NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 155

156 year-old journeyman electrician was electrocuted when he contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast (400 volts). The ballast had been replaced, however, he could not get the light to operate properly. The electrician was sitting on the sink when he apparently contacted an energized wire on the load side of the ballast. The circuit had not been de-energized at the panel box or at the single-pole switch on the wall beside the sink. It is reasonable to conclude that this incident might have been avoided if the new technology receptacle/attachment fitting technology had been used. The receptacle would ve already been installed, and the fixture could ve been taken down through a simple quick disconnect for examination. If the fixture was determined to be in working order, additional work could be completed with the fixture quick-disconnected and out of the vicinity so full attention could be given to the wiring. If the new technology had been used, the electrocution might have been avoided. Efficiency Improvements. The technology will increase not only electricians safety but efficiency in installation. The installation of luminaires and ceiling fans requires the simultaneous support of the heavy and bulky appliance while properly performing the connection of the wiring. During the installation, the electrician has to do the wiring while he or someone else is holding the bulky luminaire or fan. This is not the case with this new technology. With this new technology, the receptacle is installed to the ceiling outlet box, completing the wiring of the branch circuit through the receptacle unit. The electrician then installs a cover plate, just as with other receptacle types. To complete the installation, the luminaire or fan with the attached plug is simply quick connected into the receptacle and the luminaire or ceiling fan installation is complete. Wiring will no longer require the luminaire or fan to be held nearby, oftentimes while on a ladder. By removing the bulky luminaire or ceiling fan from the initial equation, safety and efficiency is increased. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 156

157 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 157

158 Mark Earley, PE Chief Electrical Engineer National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1 Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA November 5, 2014 We are happy to report that the Public Input submissions from Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp (SQL) for the A2016 revision cycle do not invoke the use of an essential patent claim (one whose use would be required for compliance with the NEC), and as such, we believe these submissions are in compliance with the NFPA ANSI Patent Policy. The SQL Public Input submissions do not result in any requirements being added to the NEC that would require the use of any technology, patented or otherwise. SQL wishes to ensure the Panel is aware that the example of this technology highlighted in the substantiation of the Public Input submissions from SQL is a patented design, however other manufacturers' designs could reasonably be expected to meet the safety requirements that SQL proposed for inclusion in the NEC. As such, there are no essential patent concerns. With no essential patent concerns and even though not required, SQL wishes to advise the Panel and Correlating Committee that SQL is willing and open to share all of our patents relating to the power plug and receptacle with licensing agreements, complete with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination. Sincerely, Rani Kohen Chairman of the Board Safety Quick Lighting and Fans Corp. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 158

159 602 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] Dimmer-Controlled Receptacles. A receptacle supplying lighting loads shall not be connected to a dimmer unless the plug/receptacle combination is a nonstandard configuration type that is specifically listed and identified for each such unique combination. This section should be deleted in its entirety. This new section sought to correct incompatibilities between certain types of dimmer and certain cord-connected loads. Such incompatibilities are currently dealt with in the listing of specific load types and the listing of specific dimmer types. That is the correct way to prevent unsafe incompatibilities between certain types of loads and certain types of dimmers. To prevent these incompatibilities by mandating an undefined "non-standard" connector creates more problems than it solves. The current wording of the section contains a number of major flaws: 1. "Non-standard" is not defined with regard to plug/receptacle combinations. Does this mean a locking-type connector not normally used in a residential application is "non-standard" in such an application? Or does it mean that the connector in question must not mate with any existing NEMA type? 2. The section requires that a plug/receptacle combination be "specifically listed and identified for each unique combination". Does this mean we need a different unique connector pair for each combination of dimmer and dimmable load or load type that is compatible with that dimmer? Clearly, this is preposterous--there are not enough unique listed connectors available to satisfy this requirement--there are simply too many combinations of dimmer types (forward phase control, reverse phase control, sine wave--to name just a few) and safely dimmable loads and load types (halogen, fluorescent, magnetic ballasts, electronic transformers, LED drivers etc.). 3. This section sought to correct a specific problem: incompatibility between certain types of LED under-cabinet lighting and dimmers. The section wording tried to do this with a broad, sweeping requirement by requiring a new, undefined type of connector pair unrelated to load vs. dimmer incompatibility. This has two negative results: A) The problem will not get fixed. The same specifiers and installers that ignored the listing requirements of specific dimmers and LED loads will ignore this section. B) There will be far-reaching unintended consequences in a wide variety of safe applications of dimmers with receptacles. This section has already resulted in TIA's on NEC sections and (A). The TIA's exempt these sections from section There are many other safe applications of cord-connected loads to dimmers that will be negatively affected by the wording of section for no good safety reason. Clearly, the creation of this section was an attempt to solve a specific problem associated with an emerging and evolving new technology: LED's. But the wording of section will not solve that problem, it will simply create additional new problems. Submitter Full Name: Steven Terry Organization: Electronic Theatre Controls Inc Submittal Date: Sun Oct 12 17:10:56 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 159

160 090 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (E) ] (E) Cord- and Plug-Connected Equipment. The installation of grounding bonding -type receptacles shall not be used as a requirement that all cord-and plug-connected equipment be of the grounded bonded type. Informational Note: See for types of cord-and plug-connected equipment to be grounded bonded. The term equipment grounding conductor is a misnomer even though it has been in use for many many years. Although it is a grounded conductor in normal practice for grounded systems, the idea that grounding makes a system safe and prevents an electrical shock is inherently false. Connecting a conductor from metallic equipment likely to become energized to the earth does not reduce the shock potential during a fault but, rather, may enhance it if it becomes the only path back to the source. The shock potential is the voltage drop along the conductor (equipment grounding conductor) due to fault current flowing back to the source. The shock hazard depends upon the time until the fault is cleared by an overcurrent device or some other event, thus the clearing time is a critical factor in safety. This conductor (equipment grounding conductor) is intended to protect equipment and personnel by providing a sufficiently high fault current to operate an overcurrent device and clear the fault rapidly. A low impedance fault current path can provide the necessary high fault current regardless of whether the conductor is grounded or not. It is only the fault current path and not the grounding that can provide the high fault current necessary to operate an overcurrent device rapidly. The term bonding is generally used to insure that a connection and current path is low impedance, reliable, and able to withstand the fault current. This conductor provides a basic bonding function by insuring, through proper sizing and bonding jumpers as necessary, that the connection from equipment to fault current source is both low impedance and reliable. A bonding function is the necessary function rather than a grounding function to clear a fault rapidly. A grounding function is provided by a grounding electrode conductor that connects an electrical system source to the earth. An overcurrent device operates in a time interval based upon the current through it. That current depends upon proper bonding to the source and is relatively independent of connection to the grounding electrode at the source where the overcurrent device is located. The use of the term equipment bonding conductor would better describe the function of this important conductor instead of the term equipment grounding conductor. Systems are grounded, equipment is bonded. Making this change would also bring the NEC into conformity with the Canadian Electrical Code which uses the term equipment bonding conductor. Code Panel 5 members have often stated that those in the industry understand what the purpose of the equipment grounding conductor is for. The Panel members understand this also. There are, however, many people doing electrical work who don t understand and think connecting equipment to a local grounding electrode accomplishes the same objective as an equipment grounding conductor. This is apparent from the large number of questions that are asked at IAEI inspectors meetings, grounding classes, and as documented recently in the July/August 2014 issue of the NFPA Journal under the title Pool Rules. Just ask the inspectors and the teachers. Changing the terminology will serve to make it clear that the principal function of this conductor is to bond the equipment being protected to the source where the fault current originates. Changing the terminology will not confuse those that understand the proper purpose of this bonding conductor. Submitter Full Name: ELLIOT RAPPAPORT Organization: ELECTRO TECHNOLOGY Submittal Date: Sun Oct 26 17:21:00 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 160

161 142 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Article 410 ] Article 410 Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps Part I. General Scope. This article covers luminaires, portable luminaires, lampholders, pendants, incandescent filament lamps, arc lamps, electric-discharge lamps, decorative lighting products, lighting accessories for temporary seasonal and holiday use, portable flexible lighting products, and the wiring and equipment forming part of such products and lighting installations Definition. Figure Closet Storage Space. Closet Storage Space. The volume bounded by the sides and back closet walls and planes extending from the closet floor vertically to a height of 1.8 m (6 ft) or to the highest clothes-hanging rod and parallel to the walls at a horizontal distance of 600 mm (24 in.) from the sides and back of the closet walls, respectively, and continuing vertically to the closet ceiling parallel to the walls at a horizontal distance of 300 mm (12 in.) or the width of the shelf, whichever is greater; for a closet that permits access to both sides of a hanging rod, this space includes the volume below the highest rod extending 300 mm (12 in.) on either side of the rod on a plane horizontal to the floor extending the entire length of the rod. See Figure Live Parts. Luminaires, portable luminaires, lampholders, and lamps shall have no live parts normally exposed to contact. Exposed accessible terminals in lampholders and switches shall not be installed in metal luminaire canopies or in open bases of portable table or floor luminaires. Exception: Cleat-type lampholders located at least 2.5 m (8 ft) above the floor shall be permitted to have exposed terminals Listing Required. All luminaires, lampholders, and retrofit kits shall be listed Inspection. Luminaires shall be installed such that the connections between the luminaire conductors and the circuit conductors can be inspected without requiring the disconnection of any part of the wiring unless the luminaires are connected by attachment plugs and receptacles Supply for exterior lighting. A. Lighting supply circuits for exterior lighting systems shall be governed by the applicable requirements of of Article 220. B. When lighting Lighting branch circuits are supplied through a device that limits its current, the load shall be NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 161

162 143 of /18/2014 2:46 PM permitted to be calculated based on the rating of the device used to limit the current. Part II. Luminaire Locations Luminaires in Specific Locations. (A) Wet and Damp Locations. Luminaires installed in wet or damp locations shall be installed such that water cannot enter or accumulate in wiring compartments, lampholders, or other electrical parts. All luminaires installed in wet locations shall be marked, Suitable for Wet Locations. All luminaires installed in damp locations shall be marked Suitable for Wet Locations or Suitable for Damp Locations. (B) Corrosive Locations. Luminaires installed in corrosive locations shall be of a type suitable for such locations. (C) In Ducts or Hoods. Luminaires shall be permitted to be installed in commercial cooking hoods where all of the following conditions are met: (1) The luminaire shall be identified for use within commercial cooking hoods and installed such that the temperature limits of the materials used are not exceeded. (2) The luminaire shall be constructed so that all exhaust vapors, grease, oil, or cooking vapors are excluded from the lamp and wiring compartment. Diffusers shall be resistant to thermal shock. (3) Parts of the luminaire exposed within the hood shall be corrosion resistant or protected against corrosion, and the surface shall be smooth so as not to collect deposits and to facilitate cleaning. (4) Wiring methods and materials supplying the luminaire(s) shall not be exposed within the cooking hood. Informational Note: See for conductors and equipment exposed to deteriorating agents. (D) Bathtub and Shower Areas. No parts of cord-connected luminaires, chain-, cable-, or cord-suspended luminaires, lighting track, pendants, or ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans shall be located within a zone measured 900 mm (3 ft) horizontally and 2.5 m (8 ft) vertically from the top of the bathtub rim or shower stall threshold. This zone is all encompassing and includes the space directly over the tub or shower stall. Luminaires located within the actual outside dimension of the bathtub or shower to a height of 2.5 m (8 ft) vertically from the top of the bathtub rim or shower threshold shall be marked for damp locations, or marked for wet locations where subject to shower spray. (E) Luminaires in Indoor Sports, Mixed-Use, and All-Purpose Facilities. Luminaires subject to physical damage, using a mercury vapor or metal halide lamp, installed in playing and spectator seating areas of indoor sports, mixed-use, or all-purpose facilities shall be of the type that protects the lamp with a glass or plastic lens. Such luminaires shall be permitted to have an additional guard. (F) Luminaires Installed in or Under Roof Decking. Luminaires installed in exposed or concealed locations under metal-corrugated sheet roof decking shall be installed and supported so there is not less than 38 mm (1 1 2 in.) measured from the lowest surface of the roof decking to the top of the luminaire Luminaires Near Combustible Material. Luminaires shall be constructed, installed, or equipped with shades or guards so that combustible material is not subjected to temperatures in excess of 90 C (194 F) Luminaires over Combustible Material. Lampholders installed over highly combustible material shall be of the unswitched type. Unless an individual switch is provided for each luminaire, lampholders shall be located at least 2.5 m (8 ft) above the floor or shall be located or guarded so that the lamps cannot be readily removed or damaged Luminaires in Show Windows. Chain-supported luminaires used in a show window shall be permitted to be externally wired. No other externally wired luminaires shall be used Luminaires in Clothes Closets. (A) Luminaire Types Permitted. Only luminaires of the following types shall be permitted in a closet: (1) Surface-mounted or recessed incandescent or LED luminaires with completely enclosed light sources (2) Surface-mounted or recessed fluorescent luminaires (3) Surface-mounted fluorescent or LED luminaires identified as suitable for installation within the closet storage space (B) Luminaire Types Not Permitted. Incandescent luminaires with open or partially enclosed lamps and pendant luminaires or lampholders shall not be permitted. (C) Location. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 162

163 144 of /18/2014 2:46 PM The minimum clearance between luminaires installed in clothes closets and the nearest point of a closet storage space shall be as follows: (1) 300 mm (12 in.) for surface-mounted incandescent or LED luminaires with a completely enclosed light source installed on the wall above the door or on the ceiling. (2) 150 mm (6 in.) for surface-mounted fluorescent luminaires installed on the wall above the door or on the ceiling. (3) 150 mm (6 in.) for recessed incandescent or LED luminaires with a completely enclosed light source installed in the wall or the ceiling. (4) 150 mm (6 in.) for recessed fluorescent luminaires installed in the wall or the ceiling. (5) Surface-mounted fluorescent or LED luminaires shall be permitted to be installed within the closet storage space where identified for this use Space for Cove Lighting. Coves shall have adequate space and shall be located so that lamps and equipment can be properly installed and maintained. Part III. Provisions at Luminaire Outlet Boxes, Canopies, and Pans Space for Conductors. Canopies and outlet boxes taken together shall provide sufficient space so that luminaire conductors and their connecting devices are capable of being installed in accordance with Temperature Limit of Conductors in Outlet Boxes. Luminaires shall be of such construction or installed so that the conductors in outlet boxes shall not be subjected to temperatures greater than that for which the conductors are rated. Branch-circuit wiring, other than 2-wire or multiwire branch circuits supplying power to luminaires connected together, shall not be passed through an outlet box that is an integral part of a luminaire unless the luminaire is identified for through-wiring. Informational Note: See (C) for wiring supplying power to luminaires connected together Outlet Boxes to Be Covered. In a completed installation, each outlet box shall be provided with a cover unless covered by means of a luminaire canopy, lampholder, receptacle, or similar device Covering of Combustible Material at Outlet Boxes. Any combustible wall or ceiling finish exposed between the edge of a luminaire canopy or pan and an outlet box having a surface area of 1160 mm 2 (180 in. 2 ) or more shall be covered with noncombustible material Connection of Electric-Discharge and LED Luminaires. (A) Independent of the Outlet Box. Electric-discharge and LED luminaires supported independently of the outlet box shall be connected to the branch circuit through metal raceway, nonmetallic raceway, Type MC cable, Type AC cable, Type MI cable, nonmetallic sheathed cable, or by flexible cord as permitted in (B) or (C). (B) Access to Boxes. Electric-discharge and LED luminaires surface mounted over concealed outlet, pull, or junction boxes and designed not to be supported solely by the outlet box shall be provided with suitable openings in the back of the luminaire to provide access to the wiring in the box. Part IV. Luminaire Supports Supports. (A) General. Luminaires and lampholders shall be securely supported. A luminaire that weighs more than 3 kg (6 lb) or exceeds 400 mm (16 in.) in any dimension shall not be supported by the screw shell of a lampholder. (B) Metal or Nonmetallic Poles Supporting Luminaires. Metal or nonmetallic poles shall be permitted to be used to support luminaires and as a raceway to enclose supply conductors, provided the following conditions are met: (1) A pole shall have a handhole not less than 50 mm 100 mm (2 in. 4 in.) with a cover suitable for use in wet locations to provide access to the supply terminations within the pole or pole base. Exception No. 1: No handhole shall be required in a pole 2.5 m (8 ft) or less in height abovegrade where the supply wiring method continues without splice or pull point, and where the interior of the pole and any splices are accessible by removing the luminaire. Exception No. 2: No handhole shall be required in a pole 6.0 m (20 ft) or less in height abovegrade that is provided with a hinged base. (2) Where raceway risers or cable is not installed within the pole, a threaded fitting or nipple shall be NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 163

164 145 of /18/2014 2:46 PM brazed, welded, or attached to the pole opposite the handhole for the supply connection. (3) A metal pole shall be provided with an equipment grounding terminal as follows: (4) A pole with a handhole shall have the equipment grounding terminal accessible from the handhole. (5) A pole with a hinged base shall have the equipment grounding terminal accessible within the base. Exception to (3): No grounding terminal shall be required in a pole 2.5 m (8 ft) or less in height abovegrade where the supply wiring method continues without splice or pull, and where the interior of the pole and any splices are accessible by removing the luminaire. (6) A metal pole with a hinged base shall have the hinged base and pole bonded together. (7) Metal raceways or other equipment grounding conductors shall be bonded to the metal pole with an equipment grounding conductor recognized by and sized in accordance with (8) Conductors in vertical poles used as raceway shall be supported as provided in Means of Support. (A) Outlet Boxes. Outlet boxes or fittings installed as required by and complying with the provisions of (A) (1) and (A) (2) shall be permitted to support luminaires. (B) Suspended Ceilings. Framing members of suspended ceiling systems used to support luminaires shall be securely fastened to each other and shall be securely attached to the building structure at appropriate intervals. Luminaires shall be securely fastened to the ceiling framing member by mechanical means such as bolts, screws, or rivets. Listed clips identified for use with the type of ceiling framing member(s) and luminaire(s) shall also be permitted. (C) Luminaire Studs. Luminaire studs that are not a part of outlet boxes, hickeys, tripods, and crowfeet shall be made of steel, malleable iron, or other material suitable for the application. (D) Insulating Joints. Insulating joints that are not designed to be mounted with screws or bolts shall have an exterior metal casing, insulated from both screw connections. (E) Raceway Fittings. Raceway fittings used to support a luminaire(s) shall be capable of supporting the weight of the complete fixture assembly and lamp(s). (F) Busways. Luminaires shall be permitted to be connected to busways in accordance with (C). (G) Trees. Outdoor luminaires and associated equipment shall be permitted to be supported by trees. Informational Note No. 1: See for restrictions for support of overhead conductors. Informational Note No. 2: See 300.5(D) for protection of conductors. Part V. Grounding General. Luminaires and lighting equipment shall be grounded as required in Article 250 and Part V of this article Luminaire(s) with Exposed Conductive Parts. Exposed metal parts shall be connected to an equipment grounding conductor or insulated from the equipment grounding conductor and other conducting surfaces or be inaccessible to unqualified personnel. Lamp tie wires, mounting screws, clips, and decorative bands on glass spaced at least 38 mm (1 1 2 in.) from lamp terminals shall not be required to be grounded Methods of Grounding. Luminaires and equipment shall be mechanically connected to an equipment grounding conductor as specified in and sized in accordance with Exception No. 1: Luminaires made of insulating material that is directly wired or attached to outlets supplied by a wiring method that does not provide a ready means for grounding attachment to an equipment grounding conductor shall be made of insulating material and shall have no exposed conductive parts. Exception No. 2: Replacement luminaires shall be permitted to connect an equipment grounding conductor from the outlet in compliance with (C). The luminaire shall then comply with Exception No. 3: Where no equipment grounding conductor exists at the outlet, replacement luminaires NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 164

165 146 of /18/2014 2:46 PM that are GFCI protected shall not be required to be connected to an equipment grounding conductor Equipment Grounding Conductor Attachment. Luminaires with exposed metal parts shall be provided with a means for connecting an equipment grounding conductor for such luminaires. Part VI. Wiring of Luminaires Luminaire Wiring General. Wiring on or within luminaires shall be neatly arranged and shall not be exposed to physical damage. Excess wiring shall be avoided. Conductors shall be arranged so that they are not subjected to temperatures above those for which they are rated Polarization of Luminaires. Luminaires shall be wired so that the screw shells of lampholders are connected to the same luminaire or circuit conductor or terminal. The grounded conductor, where connected to a screw shell lampholder, shall be connected to the screw shell Conductor Insulation. Luminaires shall be wired with conductors having insulation suitable for the environmental conditions, current, voltage, and temperature to which the conductors will be subjected. Informational Note: For ampacity of fixture wire, maximum operating temperature, voltage limitations, minimum wire size, and other information, see Article Pendant Conductors for Incandescent Filament Lamps. (A) Support. Pendant lampholders with permanently attached leads, where used for other than festoon wiring, shall be hung from separate stranded rubber-covered conductors that are soldered directly to the circuit conductors but supported independently thereof. (B) Size. Unless part of listed decorative lighting assemblies, pendant conductors shall not be smaller than 14 AWG for mogul-base or medium-base screw shell lampholders or smaller than 18 AWG for intermediate or candelabra-base lampholders. (C) Twisted or Cabled. Pendant conductors longer than 900 mm (3 ft) shall be twisted together where not cabled in a listed assembly Protection of Conductors and Insulation. (A) Properly Secured. Conductors shall be secured in a manner that does not tend to cut or abrade the insulation. (B) Protection Through Metal. Conductor insulation shall be protected from abrasion where it passes through metal. (C) Luminaire Stems. Splices and taps shall not be located within luminaire arms or stems. (D) Splices and Taps. No unnecessary splices or taps shall be made within or on a luminaire. Informational Note: For approved means of making connections, see (E) Stranding. Stranded conductors shall be used for wiring on luminaire chains and on other movable or flexible parts. (F) Tension. Conductors shall be arranged so that the weight of the luminaire or movable parts does not put tension on the conductors Cord-Connected Showcases. Individual showcases, other than fixed, shall be permitted to be connected by flexible cord to permanently installed receptacles, and groups of not more than six such showcases shall be permitted to be coupled together by flexible cord and separable locking-type connectors with one of the group connected by flexible cord to a permanently installed receptacle. The installation shall comply with (A) through (E). (A) Cord Requirements. Flexible cord shall be of the hard-service type, having conductors not smaller than the branch-circuit conductors, having ampacity at least equal to the branch-circuit overcurrent device, and having an equipment grounding conductor. Informational Note: See Table for size of equipment grounding conductor. (B) Receptacles, Connectors, and Attachment Plugs. Receptacles, connectors, and attachment plugs shall be of a listed grounding type rated 15 or 20 amperes. (C) Support. Flexible cords shall be secured to the undersides of showcases such that all of the following conditions are NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 165

166 147 of /18/2014 2:46 PM ensured: (1) The wiring is not exposed to physical damage. (2) The separation between cases is not in excess of 50 mm (2 in.), or more than 300 mm (12 in.) between the first case and the supply receptacle. (3) The free lead at the end of a group of showcases has a female fitting not extending beyond the case. (D) No Other Equipment. Equipment other than showcases shall not be electrically connected to showcases. (E) Secondary Circuit(s). Where showcases are cord-connected, the secondary circuit(s) of each electric-discharge lighting ballast shall be limited to one showcase Cord-Connected Lampholders and Luminaires. (A) Lampholders. Where a metal lampholder is attached to a flexible cord, the inlet shall be equipped with an insulating bushing that, if threaded, is not smaller than metric designator 12 (trade size 3 8 ) pipe size. The cord hole shall be of a size appropriate for the cord, and all burrs and fins shall be removed in order to provide a smooth bearing surface for the cord. Bushing having holes 7 mm ( 9 32 in.) in diameter shall be permitted for use with plain pendant cord and holes 11 mm ( in.) in diameter with reinforced cord. (B) Adjustable Luminaires. Luminaires that require adjusting or aiming after installation shall not be required to be equipped with an attachment plug or cord connector, provided the exposed cord is of the hard-usage or extra-hard-usage type and is not longer than that required for maximum adjustment. The cord shall not be subject to strain or physical damage. (C) Electric-Discharge and LED Luminaires. (1) Cord-Connected Installation. A luminaire or a listed assembly shall be permitted to be cord connected if the following conditions apply: (1) The luminaire is located directly below the outlet or busway. (2) The flexible cord meets all the following: (3) Is visible for its entire length outside the luminaire (4) Is not subject to strain or physical damage (5) Is terminated in a grounding-type attachment plug cap or busway plug, or is a part of a listed assembly incorporating a manufactured wiring system connector in accordance with 604.6(C), or has a luminaire assembly with a strain relief and canopy having a maximum 152 mm (6 in.) long section of raceway for attachment to an outlet box above a suspended ceiling (2) Provided with Mogul-Base, Screw Shell Lampholders. Electric-discharge luminaires provided with mogul-base, screw shell lampholders shall be permitted to be connected to branch circuits of 50 amperes or less by cords complying with Receptacles and attachment plugs shall be permitted to be of a lower ampere rating than the branch circuit but not less than 125 percent of the luminaire full-load current. (3) Equipped with Flanged Surface Inlet. Electric-discharge luminaires equipped with a flanged surface inlet shall be permitted to be supplied by cord pendants equipped with cord connectors. Inlets and connectors shall be permitted to be of a lower ampere rating than the branch circuit but not less than 125 percent of the luminaire load current Luminaires as Raceways. Luminaires shall not be used as a raceway for circuit conductors unless they comply with (A), (B), or (C). (A) Listed. Luminaires listed and marked for use as a raceway shall be permitted to be used as a raceway. (B) Through-Wiring. Luminaires identified for through-wiring, as permitted by , shall be permitted to be used as a raceway. (C) Luminaires Connected Together. Luminaires designed for end-to-end connection to form a continuous assembly, or luminaires connected together by recognized wiring methods, shall be permitted to contain the conductors of a 2-wire branch circuit, or one multiwire branch circuit, supplying the connected luminaires and shall not be required to be listed as a raceway. One additional 2-wire branch circuit separately supplying one or more of the connected NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 166

167 148 of /18/2014 2:46 PM luminaires shall also be permitted. Informational Note: See Article 100 for the definition of Multiwire Branch Circuit Feeder and Branch-Circuit Conductors and Ballasts. Feeder and branch-circuit conductors within 75 mm (3 in.) of a ballast, LED driver, power supply, or transformer shall have an insulation temperature rating not lower than 90 C (194 F), unless supplying a luminaire marked as suitable for a different insulation temperature. Part VII. Construction of Luminaires Combustible Shades and Enclosures. Adequate airspace shall be provided between lamps and shades or other enclosures of combustible material Luminaire Rating. (A) Marking. All luminaires shall be marked with the maximum lamp wattage or electrical rating, manufacturer s name, trademark, or other suitable means of identification. A luminaire requiring supply wire rated higher than 60 C (140 F) shall be marked with the minimum supply wire temperature rating on the luminaire and shipping carton or equivalent. (B) Electrical Rating. The electrical rating shall include the voltage and frequency and shall indicate the current rating of the unit, including the ballast, transformer, LED driver, power supply, or autotransformer Portable Luminaires. (A) General. Portable luminaires shall be wired with flexible cord recognized by and an attachment plug of the polarized or grounding type. Where used with Edison-base lampholders, the grounded conductor shall be identified and attached to the screw shell and the identified blade of the attachment plug. (B) Portable Handlamps. In addition to the provisions of (A), portable handlamps shall comply with the following: (1) Metal shell, paper-lined lampholders shall not be used. (2) Handlamps shall be equipped with a handle of molded composition or other insulating material. (3) Handlamps shall be equipped with a substantial guard attached to the lampholder or handle. (4) Metallic guards shall be grounded by means of an equipment grounding conductor run with circuit conductors within the power-supply cord. (5) Portable handlamps shall not be required to be grounded where supplied through an isolating transformer with an ungrounded secondary of not over 50 volts Cord Bushings. A bushing or the equivalent shall be provided where flexible cord enters the base or stem of a portable luminaire. The bushing shall be of insulating material unless a jacketed type of cord is used. Part VIII. Installation of Lampholders Screw Shell Type. Lampholders of the screw shell type shall be installed for use as lampholders only. Where supplied by a circuit having a grounded conductor, the grounded conductor shall be connected to the screw shell Double-Pole Switched Lampholders. Where supplied by the ungrounded conductors of a circuit, the switching device of lampholders of the switched type shall simultaneously disconnect both conductors of the circuit Lampholders in Wet or Damp Locations. Lampholders installed in wet locations shall be listed for use in wet locations. Lampholders installed in damp locations shall be listed for damp locations or shall be listed for wet locations Lampholders Near Combustible Material. Lampholders shall be constructed, installed, or equipped with shades or guards so that combustible material is not subjected to temperatures in excess of 90 C (194 F). Part IX. Lamps and Auxiliary Equipment Bases, Incandescent Lamps. An incandescent lamp for general use on lighting branch circuits shall not be equipped with a medium base if rated over 300 watts, or with a mogul base if rated over 1500 watts. Special bases or other devices shall be used for over 1500 watts Electric-Discharge Lamp Auxiliary Equipment. (A) Enclosures. Auxiliary equipment for electric-discharge lamps shall be enclosed in noncombustible cases and treated as sources of heat. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 167

168 (B) Switching. Where supplied by the ungrounded conductors of a circuit, the switching device of auxiliary equipment shall simultaneously disconnect all conductors. Part X. Special Provisions for Flush and Recessed Luminaires General. Luminaires installed in recessed cavities in walls or ceilings, including suspended ceilings, shall comply with through Temperature. (A) Combustible Material. Luminaires shall be installed so that adjacent combustible material will not be subjected to temperatures in excess of 90 C (194 F). (B) Fire-Resistant Construction. Where a luminaire is recessed in fire-resistant material in a building of fire-resistant construction, a temperature higher than 90 C (194 F) but not higher than 150 C (302 F) shall be considered acceptable if the luminaire is plainly marked for that service. (C) Recessed Incandescent Luminaires. Incandescent luminaires shall have thermal protection and shall be identified as thermally protected. Exception No. 1: Thermal protection shall not be required in a recessed luminaire identified for use and installed in poured concrete. Exception No. 2: Thermal protection shall not be required in a recessed luminaire whose design, construction, and thermal performance characteristics are equivalent to a thermally protected luminaire and are identified as inherently protected Clearance and Installation. (A) Clearance. (1) Non-Type IC. A recessed luminaire that is not identified for contact with insulation shall have all recessed parts spaced not less than 13 mm ( 1 2 in.) from combustible materials. The points of support and the trim finishing off the openings in the ceiling, wall, or other finished surface shall be permitted to be in contact with combustible materials. (2) Type IC. A recessed luminaire that is identified for contact with insulation, Type IC, shall be permitted to be in contact with combustible materials at recessed parts, points of support, and portions passing through or finishing off the opening in the building structure. (B) Installation. Thermal insulation shall not be installed above a recessed luminaire or within 75 mm (3 in.) of the recessed luminaire's enclosure, wiring compartment, ballast, transformer, LED driver, or power supply unless the luminaire is identified as Type IC for insulation contact Wiring. (A) General. Conductors that have insulation suitable for the temperature encountered shall be used. (B) Circuit Conductors. Branch-circuit conductors that have an insulation suitable for the temperature encountered shall be permitted to terminate in the luminaire. (C) Tap Conductors. Tap conductors of a type suitable for the temperature encountered shall be permitted to run from the luminaire terminal connection to an outlet box placed at least 300 mm (1 ft) from the luminaire. Such tap conductors shall be in suitable raceway or Type AC or MC cable of at least 450 mm (18 in.) but not more than 1.8 m (6 ft) in length. Part XI. Construction of Flush and Recessed Luminaires Temperature. Luminaires shall be constructed such that adjacent combustible material is not subject to temperatures in excess of 90 C (194 F) Lamp Wattage Marking. Incandescent lamp luminaires shall be marked to indicate the maximum allowable wattage of lamps. The markings shall be permanently installed, in letters at least 6 mm ( 1 4 in.) high, and shall be located where visible during relamping Solder Prohibited. No solder shall be used in the construction of a luminaire recessed housing Lampholders. Lampholders of the screw shell type shall be of porcelain or other suitable insulating materials. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page of /18/2014 2:46 PM

169 150 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Part XII. Special Provisions for Electric-Discharge Lighting Systems of 1000 Volts or Less General. (A) Open-Circuit Voltage of 1000 Volts or Less. Equipment for use with electric-discharge lighting systems and designed for an open-circuit voltage of 1000 volts or less shall be of a type identified for such service. (B) Considered as Energized. The terminals of an electric-discharge lamp shall be considered as energized where any lamp terminal is connected to a circuit of over 300 volts. (C) Transformers of the Oil-Filled Type. Transformers of the oil-filled type shall not be used. (D) Additional Requirements. In addition to complying with the general requirements for luminaires, such equipment shall comply with Part XII of this article. (E) Thermal Protection Fluorescent Luminaires. (1) Integral Thermal Protection. The ballast of a fluorescent luminaire installed indoors shall have integral thermal protection. Replacement ballasts shall also have thermal protection integral with the ballast. (2) Simple Reactance Ballasts. A simple reactance ballast in a fluorescent luminaire with straight tubular lamps shall not be required to be thermally protected. (3) Exit Luminaires. A ballast in a fluorescent exit luminaire shall not have thermal protection. (4) Egress Luminaires. A ballast in a fluorescent luminaire that is used for egress lighting and energized only during a failure of the normal supply shall not have thermal protection. (F) High-Intensity Discharge Luminaires. (1) Recessed. Recessed high-intensity luminaires designed to be installed in wall or ceiling cavities shall have thermal protection and be identified as thermally protected. (2) Inherently Protected. Thermal protection shall not be required in a recessed high-intensity luminaire whose design, construction, and thermal performance characteristics are equivalent to a thermally protected luminaire and are identified as inherently protected. (3) Installed in Poured Concrete. Thermal protection shall not be required in a recessed high-intensity discharge luminaire identified for use and installed in poured concrete. (4) Recessed Remote Ballasts. A recessed remote ballast for a high-intensity discharge luminaire shall have thermal protection that is integral with the ballast and shall be identified as thermally protected. (5) Metal Halide Lamp Containment. Luminaires that use a metal halide lamp other than a thick-glass parabolic reflector lamp (PAR) shall be provided with a containment barrier that encloses the lamp, or shall be provided with a physical means that only allows the use of a lamp that is Type O. Informational Note: See ANSI Standard C78.389, American National Standard for Electric Lamps High Intensity Discharge, Methods of Measuring Characteristics. (G) Disconnecting Means. (1) General. In indoor locations other than dwellings and associated accessory structures, fluorescent luminaires that utilize double-ended lamps and contain ballast(s) that can be serviced in place shall have a disconnecting means either internal or external to each luminaire. For existing installed luminaires without disconnecting means, at the time a ballast is replaced, a disconnecting means shall be installed. The line side terminals of the disconnecting means shall be guarded. Exception No. 1: A disconnecting means shall not be required for luminaires installed in hazardous (classified) location(s). Exception No. 2: A disconnecting means shall not be required for emergency illumination required in Exception No. 3: For cord-and-plug-connected luminaires, an accessible separable connector or an accessible plug and receptacle shall be permitted to serve as the disconnecting means. Exception No. 4: Where more than one luminaire is installed and supplied by other than a multiwire branch circuit, a disconnecting means shall not be required for every luminaire when the design of the NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 169

170 151 of /18/2014 2:46 PM installation includes disconnecting means, such that the illuminated space cannot be left in total darkness. (2) Multiwire Branch Circuits. When connected to multiwire branch circuits, the disconnecting means shall simultaneously break all the supply conductors to the ballast, including the grounded conductor. (3) Location. The disconnecting means shall be located so as to be accessible to qualified persons before servicing or maintaining the ballast. Where the disconnecting means is external to the luminaire, it shall be a single device, and shall be attached to the luminaire or the luminaire shall be located within sight of the disconnecting means Direct-Current Equipment. Luminaires installed on dc circuits shall be equipped with auxiliary equipment and resistors designed for dc operation. The luminaires shall be marked for dc operation Open-Circuit Voltage Exceeding 300 Volts. Equipment having an open-circuit voltage exceeding 300 volts shall not be installed in dwelling occupancies unless such equipment is designed so that there will be no exposed live parts when lamps are being inserted, are in place, or are being removed Luminaire Mounting. (A) Exposed Components. Luminaires that have exposed ballasts, transformers, LED drivers, or power supplies shall be installed such that ballasts, transformers, LED drivers, or power supplies shall not be in contact with combustible material unless listed for such condition. (B) Combustible Low-Density Cellulose Fiberboard. Where a surface-mounted luminaire containing a ballast, transformer, LED driver, or power supply is to be installed on combustible low-density cellulose fiberboard, it shall be marked for this condition or shall be spaced not less than 38 mm (1 1 2 in.) from the surface of the fiberboard. Where such luminaires are partially or wholly recessed, the provisions of through shall apply. Informational Note: Combustible low-density cellulose fiberboard includes sheets, panels, and tiles that have a density of 320 kg/m 3 (20 lb/ft 3 ) or less and that are formed of bonded plant fiber material but does not include solid or laminated wood or fiberboard that has a density in excess of 320 kg/m 3 (20 lb/ft 3 ) or is a material that has been integrally treated with fire-retarding chemicals to the degree that the flame spread index in any plane of the material will not exceed 25, determined in accordance with tests for surface burning characteristics of building materials. See ANSI/ASTM E b, Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials Equipment Not Integral with Luminaire. (A) Metal Cabinets. Auxiliary equipment, including reactors, capacitors, resistors, and similar equipment, where not installed as part of a luminaire assembly, shall be enclosed in accessible, permanently installed metal cabinets. (B) Separate Mounting. Separately mounted ballasts, transformers, LED drivers, or power supplies that are listed for direct connection to a wiring system shall not be required to be additionally enclosed. (C) Wired Luminaire Sections. Wired luminaire sections are paired, with a ballast(s) supplying a lamp or lamps in both. For interconnection between paired units, it shall be permissible to use metric designator 12 (trade size 3 8 ) flexible metal conduit in lengths not exceeding 7.5 m (25 ft), in conformance with Article 348. Luminaire wire operating at line voltage, supplying only the ballast(s) of one of the paired luminaires shall be permitted in the same raceway as the lamp supply wires of the paired luminaires Autotransformers. An autotransformer that is used to raise the voltage to more than 300 volts, as part of a ballast for supplying lighting units, shall be supplied only by a grounded system Switches. Snap switches shall comply with Part XIII. Special Provisions for Electric-Discharge Lighting Systems of More Than 1000 Volts General. (A) Listing. Electric-discharge lighting systems with an open-circuit voltage exceeding 1000 volts shall be listed and installed in conformance with that listing. (B) Dwelling Occupancies. Equipment that has an open-circuit voltage exceeding 1000 volts shall not be installed in or on dwelling occupancies. NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 170

171 152 of /18/2014 2:46 PM (C) Live Parts. The terminal of an electric-discharge lamp shall be considered as a live part. (D) Additional Requirements. In addition to complying with the general requirements for luminaires, such equipment shall comply with Part XIII of this article. Informational Note: For signs and outline lighting, see Article Control. (A) Disconnection. Luminaires or lamp installation shall be controlled either singly or in groups by an externally operable switch or circuit breaker that opens all ungrounded primary conductors. (B) Within Sight or Locked Type. The switch or circuit breaker shall be located within sight from the luminaires or lamps, or it shall be permitted to be located elsewhere if it is lockable in accordance with Lamp Terminals and Lampholders. Parts that must be removed for lamp replacement shall be hinged or held captive. Lamps or lampholders shall be designed so that there are no exposed live parts when lamps are being inserted or removed Transformers. (A) Type. Transformers shall be enclosed, identified for the use, and listed. (B) Voltage. The secondary circuit voltage shall not exceed 15,000 volts, nominal, under any load condition. The voltage to ground of any output terminals of the secondary circuit shall not exceed 7500 volts under any load conditions. (C) Rating. Transformers shall have a secondary short-circuit current rating of not more than 150 ma if the open-circuit voltage is over 7500 volts, and not more than 300 ma if the open-circuit voltage rating is 7500 volts or less. (D) Secondary Connections. Secondary circuit outputs shall not be connected in parallel or in series Transformer Locations. (A) Accessible. Transformers shall be accessible after installation. (B) Secondary Conductors. Transformers shall be installed as near to the lamps as practicable to keep the secondary conductors as short as possible. (C) Adjacent to Combustible Materials. Transformers shall be located so that adjacent combustible materials are not subjected to temperatures in excess of 90 C (194 F) Exposure to Damage. Lamps shall not be located where normally exposed to physical damage Marking. Each luminaire or each secondary circuit of tubing having an open-circuit voltage of over 1000 volts shall have a clearly legible marking in letters not less than 6 mm ( 1 4 in.) high reading Caution volts. The voltage indicated shall be the rated open-circuit voltage. The caution sign(s) or label(s) shall comply with (B). Part XIV. Lighting Track Installation. (A) Lighting Track. Lighting track shall be permanently installed and permanently connected to a branch circuit. Only lighting track fittings shall be installed on lighting track. Lighting track fittings shall not be equipped with generalpurpose receptacles. (B) Connected Load. The connected load on lighting track shall not exceed the rating of the track. Lighting track shall be supplied by a branch circuit having a rating not more than that of the track. The load calculation in (B) shall not be required to limit the length of track on a single branch circuit, and it shall not be required to limit the number of luminaires on a single track. (C) Locations Not Permitted. Lighting track shall not be installed in the following locations: (1) Where likely to be subjected to physical damage (2) In wet or damp locations NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 171

172 153 of /18/2014 2:46 PM (3) Where subject to corrosive vapors (4) In storage battery rooms (5) In hazardous (classified) locations (6) Where concealed (7) Where extended through walls or partitions (8) Less than 1.5 m (5 ft) above the finished floor except where protected from physical damage or track operating at less than 30 volts rms open-circuit voltage (9) Where prohibited by (D) (D) Support. Fittings identified for use on lighting track shall be designed specifically for the track on which they are to be installed. They shall be securely fastened to the track, shall maintain polarization and connections to the equipment grounding conductor, and shall be designed to be suspended directly from the track Heavy-Duty Lighting Track. Heavy-duty lighting track is lighting track identified for use exceeding 20 amperes. Each fitting attached to a heavy-duty lighting track shall have individual overcurrent protection Fastening. Lighting track shall be securely mounted so that each fastening is suitable for supporting the maximum weight of luminaires that can be installed. Unless identified for supports at greater intervals, a single section 1.2 m (4 ft) or shorter in length shall have two supports, and, where installed in a continuous row, each individual section of not more than 1.2 m (4 ft) in length shall have one additional support Construction Requirements. (A) Construction. The housing for the lighting track system shall be of substantial construction to maintain rigidity. The conductors shall be installed within the track housing, permitting insertion of a luminaire, and designed to prevent tampering and accidental contact with live parts. Components of lighting track systems of different voltages shall not be interchangeable. The track conductors shall be a minimum 12 AWG or equal and shall be copper. The track system ends shall be insulated and capped. (B) Grounding. Lighting track shall be grounded in accordance with Article 250, and the track sections shall be securely coupled to maintain continuity of the circuitry, polarization, and grounding throughout. Part XV. Decorative Lighting and Similar Accessories Listing of Decorative Lighting. Decorative lighting and similar accessories used for holiday lighting and similar purposes, in accordance with 590.3(B), shall be listed. This proposal correlates with the proposal to expand the scope of Article 410 into premise wiring systems that supply thousands of exterior luminaires on campus-style multi-building complexes. Submitter Full Michael Anthony Name: Organization: University of Michigan IEEE Educational & Healthcare Facility Electrotechnology Affilliation: Subcommittee Submittal Date: Fri Nov 07 13:07:50 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 172

173 155 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] Scope. This article covers interior and exterior luminaires, portable luminaires, lampholders, pendants, incandescent filament lamps, arc lamps, electric-discharge lamps, decorative lighting products, lighting accessories for temporary seasonal and holiday use, portable flexible lighting products, and the wiring and equipment forming part of such products and lighting installations that are considered premise wiring. Site lighting systems are the subject of a great deal of regulation in recent years -- both from an energy conservation standpoint and from the standpoint of night sky and community safety activists. The electrical industry needs a faster-moving leading practice discovery platform and this is a good place to expand it. The NESC on its 5-year cycle is largely written by the utility industry and does not move fast enough nor does it capture the site lighting system issues that are considered premise wiring. Campus site lighting systems, for example, have thousands of luminaires that provide safety and well as a hazard. Expansion of the scope of this section will help many industries. Submitter Full Michael Anthony Name: Organization: University of Michigan IEEE Educational & Healthcare Facility Electrotechnology Affilliation: Subcommittee Submittal Date: Fri Nov 07 12:54:40 EST 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 173

174 156 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No ] Definition. Figure Closet Storage Space. Closet Storage Space. The volume bounded by the sides and back closet walls and planes extending from the closet floor vertically to a height of 1.8 m (6 ft) or to the highest clothes-hanging rod and parallel to the walls at a horizontal distance of 600 mm (24 in.) from the sides and back of the closet walls, respectively, and continuing vertically to the closet ceiling parallel to the walls at a horizontal distance of 300 mm (12 in.) or the width of the shelf, whichever is greater; for a closet that permits access to both sides of a hanging rod, this space includes the volume below the highest rod extending 300 mm (12 in.) on either side of the rod on a plane horizontal to the floor extending the entire length of the rod. See Figure The description of what is a closet storage space is essential for using section , which is the section where the concept is being used. Unfortunately definitions in NFPA are not enforceable and this definition also contains a set of size requirements that are essential for the safety of luminaire use. This public input is combined with an associated public input that places the requirements in the section where they will be used. The figure will have to be simply renumbered from Fig to Fig Related Public Inputs for This Document Related Input Public Input No NFPA [Section No ] Relationship Submitter Full Name: Marcelo Hirschler Organization: GBH International Submittal Date: Fri Oct 24 19:11:11 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 174

175 610 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No. 908-NFPA [ Section No ] Listing Required. All luminaires, lampholders, and retrofit kits shall be listed and labeled. By adding the words and labeled, it will identify that listed products also need to be labeled. Both terms listed and labeled are defined in article 100, but are not used consistently throughout the NEC. If taken literally, as defined in Article 100, a product could be listed and not labeled and still comply with the NEC when not required to be listed and labeled such as in sections 424.6, 646.3(I), and (C) to identify a few. The UL White Book identifies that only those products bearing the appropriate UL Mark and the company's name, trade name, trademark or other authorized identification should be considered as being covered by UL's Certification, Listing, Classification and Follow-Up Service. Therefore, if not identified within the UL Certification Directory as indicated in the definition of listed and bearing the appropriate UL mark as indicated in the definition of labeled the product is not considered by UL to be listed. This is not just UL; all of the test laboratories have a very similar requirement. This change will help make the NEC a more consistent document for AHJ s. Submitter Full Name: JEFFREY FECTEAU Organization: UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES LLC Submittal Date: Thu Jul 24 18:57:16 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 175

176 1 of 1 11/25/2014 3:08 PM Public Input No. 9-NFPA [ New Part after I. ] TITLE OF NEW CONTENT Means of Disconnect for Pole mounted luminaries All pole mounted luminaries 8 or greater above grade shall be equipped with a lockable listed means (relative to its location) to disconnect all ungrounded conductors (in accordance with ). This means of disconnect shall be located at not more than 6 above finished grade and be readily accessible. Exception (1): Pole mounted luminaries installed and under the direct control of a utility provider shall be exempt from this requirement. Exception (2): Existing poles shall be exempt for this requirement unless they are; retrofitted with new or replacement luminaries existing branch circuit feeders are replaced additional luminaries are added When a mechanic is required to service pole lighting he must lockout/tag out the branch circuit at the power source. This creates an undue burden and wastes time especially in a large complex (going back and forth between his work and the power source). Secondly for him to work safely he should have direct line of site control of the power source (90.7) Submitter Full Name: C MARK VANSELOUS Organization: SOVEREIGN ELECTRIC LLC Submittal Date: Fri Dec 06 19:56:17 EST 2013 Copyright Assignment I, C MARK VANSELOUS, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement of Problem and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in any publication of the NFPA in which this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. I hereby warrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full power and authority to enter into this copyright assignment. By checking this box I affirm that I am C MARK VANSELOUS, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by checking this box, I am creating an electronic signature that will, upon my submission of this form, have the same legal force and effect as a handwritten signature NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 176

177 158 of /18/2014 2:46 PM Public Input No NFPA [ Section No (D) ] (D) Bathtub and Shower Areas. No parts of cord-connected luminaires, chain-, cable-, or cord-suspended luminaires, lighting track, pendants, or ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans shall be located within a zone measured 900 mm (3 ft) horizontally and 2.5 m (8 ft) vertically from the top of the bathtub rim or shower stall threshold. This zone is all encompassing and includes the space directly over the tub or shower stall. Luminaires Wall or ceiling surface mounted luminaires located within the actual outside dimension of the bathtub or shower to a height of 2.5 m (8 ft) vertically from the top of the bathtub rim or shower threshold shall be totally enclosed, rigidly secured with ground fault circuit protection, and shall be marked for damp locations, or marked for wet locations where subject to shower spray. Exception: Recessed luminaires with approved lense or covers and meeting the requirements of installed within the outside dimension of a bathtub or shower stall shall not be required to be GFCI protected. Additional Proposed Changes File Name Description Approved light_over_tub1.jpg hanging luminaires above tub space wall_sconce1.jpg wall sconce over tub space wall_sconce_2.jpg wall sconce in tub space A growing problem with modern bathroom renovations is the perception that lighting can be installed anywhere. Wall mounted sconces are being introduced directly within the bathtub space for its ambiance effect with little regard for the electrical shock hazard it may pose. Although a wall mounted luminaire may be listed for a wet or damp location as the code article implies, there are other factors that can lead to injury or death without additional requirements. Luminaires can be approved for damp locations and have partially enclosed lenses, exposing the bulbs to breakage due to temperature changes or due to accidental contact. Even maintenance of a surface mounted luminaire to repair or replace it causes one to be standing within the tub or shower space. This rule change would only apply to "surface mounted" wall or ceiling luminaires that are actually installed within the tub or shower space itself. No changes were made to luminaires within the 3 ft. zone or to luminaires that are recessed within the tub or shower space. Submitter Full Name: Mario Mumfrey Organization: Inspection Bureau Inc. Submittal Date: Fri Oct 31 08:35:01 EDT 2014 NEC Panel 18 FD Agenda Page 177

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