Energy Impacts of Vampire Loads

Transcription

1 The Overlooked: Water 101/Plug Loads/Process Energy Impacts of Vampire Loads Rob Rundell August 14, 2017 Tampa Convention Center Tampa, Florida

2 Objectives Be able to define and identify vampire loads (aka standby power) Be able to calculate the impact on a buildings utility costs due to standby power Understand the pros and cons of eliminating standby power Discuss impact of a proper lighting control and the impact it can have on energy savings 2

3 ASHRAE Fifty percent of 120-V outlets that serve private offices, open offices, and computer classrooms must be provided with automatic receptacle control. Buildings are encouraged to put parasitic loads (i.e., printers, chargers, heaters, etc.) on half of the outlets so they can be switched off with occupancy, as plug-in loads can account for 15% to 50% of a building s electricity. 3

4 ASHRAE 4

5 Vampire Loads Explained Vampire loads, also known as standby power, phantom load, vampire energy, leaking energy, wall warts, standby loss, idle current, phantom power and ghost load The terms refers to the electricity many gadgets and appliances waste just by being plugged in (even if they're switched off) 5

6 Typical Vampire Loads Monitors Computers (desktop/laptop) AV Systems Printers Chargers (phone, laptop, docking stations, etc.) Coffee makers Surge protectors Etc. 6

7 Plug and Process Loads (PPLs) Total electricity consumption in 2014 was 3.9 trillion kwh (CIA World Factbook) 585 billion kwh for PPLs A small fraction is actually Vampire Loads 7

8 Areas to Target Plug Load Energy Consumption Breakrooms/Kitchens Refrigeration units Small appliances Vending machines Drinking fountains Workstations Computers Monitors Phones Task lights 8

9 Areas to Target Plug Load Energy Consumption Printers, Copiers, Scanners and Fax Machines Install multi-function devices Shorten stand-by timeout Power management surge protectors Conference Rooms Use occupancy sensors to power down space when unoccupied Install more efficient devices (LED, LCD, etc.) 9

10 Remember the 3/30/300 Rule $3 per sqft for utilites $30 per sqft for building $300 per sqft for employee compensation Don t risk making employees uncomfortable in order to reduce the $3 cost!!! 10

11 How to save energy? 10 Energy Saving Lighting Control Strategies Dimming Scheduling High-End Trim Automated Window Treatments Occupancy / Vacancy Sensing Daylight Harvesting Load Shedding Plug Load Control Personal Dimming Control System Integration

12 Lighting Control Strategy Example Let s look at an example of good lighting control strategy!

13 Commercial Energy Costs In 2016 commercial spaces were estimated to use 150 billion kwh for lighting Since all PPLs cannot be eliminated due to necessary work function we should consider to also attack the lighting loads 13

14 Potential Savings Office Building Lighting Power Used Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf 24 hours * 365 days * 1W/sqft 1W/sf 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time

15 Potential Savings Office Building Lighting Power Used Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf (scheduling) 1W/sf Office Closed 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time

16 Potential Savings Office Building Lighting Power Used 1W/sf Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 4 kwh / sf Meetings (scheduling) (occ.sens.) 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Lunch Tim e

17 Potential Savings Office Building Lighting Power Used 1W/sf Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 4 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 3 kwh / sq (scheduling) (occ.sens.) (+tuning) Lower high end trim 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time

18 Potential Savings Office Building Lighting Power Used 1W/sf Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 4 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 3 kwh / sq Annual energy consumption < 2 kwh / sf (scheduling) (occ.sens.) (+tuning) (+daylight) Daylighting 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time

19 Potential Savings Office Building Lighting Power Used 1W/sf Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf (scheduling) Annual energy consumption 4 kwh / sf (occ.sens.) Annual energy consumption 3 kwh / sq (+tuning) Annual energy consumption < 2 kwh / sf (+daylight) < 1.5 kwh / sf (+personal) Personal control 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time

20 Potential Savings Office Building Lighting Power Used 1W/sf Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kwh / sf Annual energy consumption 5 kwh / sf (scheduling) Annual energy consumption 4 kwh / sf (occ.sens.) Annual energy consumption 3 kwh / sq (+tuning) Annual energy consumption < 2 kwh / sf (+daylight) < 1.5 kwh / sf (+personal) < 1.1 kwh / sf (+demand) Demand response 12 midnight 12 noon 12 midnight Time

21 Parting Thoughts The greatest energy savings options can be found by combining efforts Install and push the industry to make more energy efficient products Manage vampire loads with an intelligent automation system Consider lighting control as a smart energy savings strategy 21

22 Questions??? 22