Steve Summers Region Sales Manager

Transcription

1 Steve Summers Region Sales Manager

2 Institute For Animal Healthcare LV Switchgear Package Package Subs LV Switchboards PDU s LV sub Distribution MCC s MV Switchgear

3 Established in 1972 manufacturing control panels Moved to Norfolk Road in 1975 Invested in Capstan Court in 2010 Package Subs LV Switchboards PDU s LV sub Distribution MCC s MV Switchgear

4 ISO 9001 Accredited Package Subs LV Switchboards PDU s LV sub Distribution MCC s MV Switchgear

5 Site Services. Retrofitting Installation Testing Commissioning Package Subs LV Switchboards PDU s LV sub Distribution MCC s MV Switchgear

6 Fully Welded /Modular pattern ASTA certified up to and including 6300A 100KA Panel manufactured up to and including Form 4:7 Panels manufactured in accordance with BSEN Front / Rear Access panels Package Subs LV Switchboards PDU s LV sub Distribution MCC s MV Switchgear

7 S BS EN Forms of Separation

8 BS EN BS introduced 1977 withdrawn 1986 IEC superseded BS 5486 IEC November 2015 became a legal requirement.

9 BS EN The IEC standard series consist in one basic standard giving the general rules, and several other standards referring to different types of assemblies. IEC/TR : General rules IEC : Power switchgear and control gear assemblies IEC : Distribution boards intended to be operated by ordinary persons (DBO) IEC : Particular requirements for assemblies for construction sites (ACS) IEC : Assemblies for power distribution in public networks IEC : Busbar trunking systems (busways) IEC/TS : Assemblies for specific applications such as marinas, camping sites, market squares, electric vehicles charging stations. The first edition (IEC and 2) of these documents has been published in 2009, with a revision in 2011 and became a legal requirement in November 2015

10 BS EN The IEC standard series consist in one basic standard giving the general rules, and several other standards referring to different types of assemblies. IEC/TR : General rules IEC : Power switchgear and control gear assemblies IEC : Distribution boards intended to be operated by ordinary persons (DBO) IEC : Particular requirements for assemblies for construction sites (ACS) IEC : Assemblies for power distribution in public networks IEC : Busbar trunking systems (busways) IEC/TS : Assemblies for specific applications such as marinas, camping sites, market squares, electric vehicles charging stations. The first edition (IEC and 2) of these documents has been published in 2009, with a revision in 2011.

11 Useful definitions. Assembly Power switchgear and control gear assembly (PSC-ASSEMBLY) Low-voltage switchgear and control gear ASSEMBLY used to distribute and control energy for all types of loads, intended for industrial, commercial and similar applications where operation by ordinary persons is not intended. Functional Unit Part of an ASSEMBLY comprising all the electrical and mechanical elements including switching devices that contribute to the fulfilment of the same function. NOTE Conductors which are connected to a functional unit but which are external to its compartment or enclosed protected space (e.g. auxiliary cables connected to a common compartment) are not considered to form part of the functional unit Section Constructional unit of an ASSEMBLY between two successive vertical delineations.

12 Useful definitions Sub-Section Constructional unit of an ASSEMBLY between two successive horizontal or vertical delineations within a section. Compartment Section or sub-section enclosed except for openings necessary for interconnection, control or ventilation Enclosure Housing affording the type and degree of protection suitable for the intended application. Partition Part of the enclosure of a compartment separating it from other compartments. Part of the enclosure of a compartment separating it from other compartments.

13 Useful definitions Barrier Part providing protection against direct contact from any usual direction of access. Duty Holder The term used within the Electricity At Work Regulations to refer to the person appointed to be responsible for the electrical equipment, systems and conductors and any work or activities being carried out on or near the electrical equipment. The Duty Holder must be competent and may be the employer, an employee, or a self-employed person.

14 Stipulations Typical arrangements of internal separation by barriers or partitions are described later and are classified as forms The forms of separation and higher degrees of protection shall be the subject of an agreement between assembly manufacturer and user. PSC-ASSEMBLIES can be divided to attain one or more of the following conditions between functional units, separate compartments or enclosed protected spaces: Protection against contact with hazardous parts. The degree of protection shall be at least IPXXB, Protection against the passage of solid foreign bodies. The degree of protection shall be at least IP2X. NOTE The degree of protection IP2X covers the degree of protection IPXXB

15 Fundamental Objectives of Separation The principal reason for separating an assembly is to facilitate access to a part of the assembly whilst other parts may remain energized and in service. Whilst, in general, separation does not improve the electrical performance of the assembly it does provide: Protection against contact with live parts belonging to the adjacent functional units, Protection against the passage of solid foreign bodies from one unit of an assembly to an adjacent unit. Verification of separation is by application of the appropriate IP test to BS EN (IPXXB and/or IP2X).

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17 Legal Obligations In the United Kingdom legal obligations take precedence over standards. For low-voltage assemblies the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) and the Electricity at Work Act are relevant and in particular, Regulation 14 of the latter must be respected. The Law Regulation 14 No person shall be engaged in any work activity on or near any live conductor (other than one suitably covered with insulating material so as to prevent danger) that danger may arise unless:- (a) (b) (c) it is unreasonable in all the circumstances for it to be dead; and it is reasonable in all the circumstances for him to be at work on or near it while it is live; and suitable precautions (including where necessary the provision of suitable protective equipment) are taken to prevent injury

18 Design Verification Application Needs Isolation available for all internal operations (except changing fuse links) Adjust setting and carry out limited maintenance in functional units, as applicable whilst adjacent circuits are live. Connect and disconnect cables.adjust setting and carry out limited maintenance in functional units, whilst adjacent circuits are live. Type Testing & Design Verification FORM 1 OR 2 FORM 3 FORM 4

19 Options in the National Annex of BS EN Main criteria Sub-criteria Form Type of construction No separation Form 1 BS EN Separation of busbars from the functional units. Terminals For external conductors not separated from busbars. Terminals For external conductors separated from busbars. Form 2a Form 2b Type 1 Busbar separation is achieved by insulated covering, e.g. sleeving, wrapping orcoatings. Type 2 Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions.

20 Form 1 Form 1 requires that; (i) Busbars are not separated From functional units (ii) Busbars are not separated from any incoming or outgoing termination (iii) Functional units are not Separated from other functional units (iv) Functional units are not Separated from any incoming or Outgoing termination.

21 Form 1

22 Form 1 Suited to installations where total isolation does not present difficulties or risk or small low power switchgear and control gear.

23 Form 2a Form 2a requires that; (i) Busbars are separated from functional units (ii) Busbars are not separated from any incoming or outgoing termination (iii) Functional units are not separated from other functional units (iv) Functional units are separated from any incoming or outgoing termination (v) Terminals are not separate from each other The above illustration uses the Integral housing of the Device As a means of separation.

24 Form 2a

25 Form 2a has segregation of the functional units only with busbars, terminations etc. permitted in a common zone. For Example. With incoming and outgoing fused switches it would be possible to replace fuses without isolating the switchboard. With MCCB s, if the case of the MCCB is considered to be the means of separation changing MCCB settings should be done with caution and suitable PPE considered.

26 Form 2b Type 1 Form 2b separation can be achieved by using; (i) Partitions/barriers of metallic or non-metallic material (ii) The integral housing of the device (iii) Terminal shrouds, shields and dividers can be used to contribute towards the degree of separation (IPXXB) (iv) The b designation denotes terminals are separate from the busbars. The Type 1 designation denotes busbar separation is achieved by insulated coverings sleeving, wrapping or coating. The above illustration uses the Integral housing of the Device As Device a means As a of means separation. of separation.

27 Form 2b type 1

28 Form 2b type 1 has the added safety feature of insulated and rubber booted busbars, joints and terminals. MCCB s with terminal shrouds enhance the safety. Fused switches can have their fuse links changed whilst the switchboard assembly is live, MCCB s can have their settings changed but suitable PPE should be considered.

29 Form 2b Type 2 Form 2b separation can be achieved by using; (i) Partitions/barriers of metallic or non-metallic material (ii) The integral housing of the device (iii) Terminal shrouds, shields and dividers can be used to contribute towards the degree of separation (IPXXB) (iv) The b designation denotes terminals are separate from the busbars. The Type 2 designation denotes busbar separation by partitions and barriers. The above illustration uses the Integral housing of the Device As a means of separation.

30 Form 2b type 2

31 Form 2b type 2 as with Form 2b type 1 the same comments apply. As MCCB s can omit ionised gasses from their arc chutes when breaking short circuits precautions should be taken if the switchboard isn t isolated in case an adjacent functional unit trips on short circuit whilst changing the settings of another.

32 Form 2b with Widespread Carbon soot After breaking A short circuit.

33 Options in the National Annex of BS EN Main criteria Sub-criteria Form Type of construction Separation of busbars from the functional units and separation of all functional units from one BS EN another. Separation of the terminals for external conductors from the functional units, but not from each other. Terminals for external conductors not separated from busbars. Form 3a Terminals for external Conductors separated from busbars Form 3b Type 1 Busbar separation is Achieved by insulated covering, e.g. sleeving, wrapping orcoatings. Type 2 Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions.

34 Form 3a Form 3a requires that; (i) Busbars are separated from functional units (ii) Busbars are not separated from any incoming or outgoing termination (iii) Functional units are separated from other functional units (iv) Functional units are separated from any incoming or outgoing termination (v) Terminals are not separate from each other The above illustration uses the Integral housing of the Device The illustration above is Form 3a where the Integral Housing of the device is the means of separation As a means and of the separation. arrangement is regarded as Group Mounted

35 Form 3a

36 Form 3 is very close to Form 2. Some panel board manufacturers tend to claim Form 3 when the case of the MCCB is deemed the form of segregation and consider group mounted functional units are compliant as the devices are separated by their own moulded case. When terminal shrouds are attached some might even claim Form 4. These interpretations are not generally accepted by independent Switchgear Manufacturers but are open to using group mounted arrangements if agreed by the end user of their agents.

37 Form 3b Type 1 Compartmentalised Form 3b Type 1 also requires that; (i) Busbars are separated from functional units (ii) Functional units are separated from other functional units (iii) Terminals for external conductors are separated from the respective functional unit and the Busbars. Terminals are not separated from other terminals for external conductors. The above The above illustration uses uses Partitions the Integral and Barriers housing as of a the means Device of separation As a means and of is separation. referred to as Compartmentalised.

38 Form 3b Type 2 Form 3b Type 2 also requires that; (i) Busbars are separated from functional units (ii) Functional units are separated from other functional units (iii) Terminals for external conductors are separated from the respective functional unit and the busbars. Terminals are not separated from other terminals for external conductors The The above above illustration illustration uses uses Partitions the Integral and Barriers housing as of a the means Device of separation and As is referred a means to of as separation. Compartmentalised

39 Form 3b

40 Form 3b is a common requirement for MCCs. It essentially means the busbars are installed in their own cubicle and each motor starter in its own cubicle. This has many advantages in terms of safety, reliability and ease of maintenance each starter can be individually isolated and maintenance performed without powering down the complete switchboard. Also, a serious fault within one starter will likely be contained within that cubicle, and adjacent starters can continue to operate unaffected. Typical applications for Form 3 segregation include mining projects or larger plants with a large number of motors/loads and critical processes, where safety, reliability, and minimising downtime are critical.

41 Options in the National Annex of BS EN Main criteria Sub-criteria Form Type of construction Separation of busbars from the functional units and separation of all functional units from one another, including the terminals for external BS EN conductors which are an integral part of the functional unit. Terminals for external conductors in the same compartment as the associated functional unit. Form 4a Type 1 Busbar separation is achieved by insulated covering, e.g. sleeving, wrapping or coatings. Cables may be glanded elsewhere. Type 2 Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions. Cables may be glanded elsewhere. Type 3 Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions. The termination for each functional unit has its own integral glanding facility.

42 Form 4a Type 1 The above Coverings. illustration uses a combination of clauses covering Partitions and Barriers and Insulated Form 4a Type 1 also requires the separation of; (i) Busbars from functional units (ii) Functional Units from each other (iii) Terminals for external conductors from other terminals and from the busbars. The The illustration above illustration above is Form uses the 3a where Integral the housing Integral of Housing the Device of the device is the means of separation As a means and of the separation. arrangement is regarded as Group Mounted

43 Form 4 Type 1 Insulated Busbars

44 Form 4 Type 1 uses insulated busbars and taped or booted joints to provide the form or separation of the busbars from the functional units. Disadvantages are that it is difficult if not impossible to thermal image and over time, if the busbars are running close to full load the permissible heat can degrade the insulation turning it brittle.

45 Form 4 Type 1 Busbar degraded due to Continuous heat.

46 Form 4a Type 2 Form 4a Type 2 also requires the separation of; (i) Busbars from functional units (ii) Functional Units from each other (iii) Terminals for external conductors from other terminals and from the busbars. The The illustration above illustration above is Form uses the 3a where Integral the housing Integral of Housing the Device of the device is the means of separation As a means and of the separation. arrangement is regarded as Group Mounted

47 Form 4a Type 2 Compartment

48 Form 4a Type 2 Assembly

49 Form 4a Type 2 Suited to Front access PSC assemblies where termination into the functional unit, isolation and interlocking is all carried out from the front of the assembly. Being one of the most common assemblies, door interlocked functional units mean termination of cables is carried out in safety and reduces the number of connection points.

50 Form 4a Type 3 The above illustration uses Partitions and Barriers as a means of separation. Cable terminations are integral to the device. Form 4a Type 3 also requires the separation of; (i) Busbars from functional units (ii) Functional Units from each other (iii) Terminals for external conductors from other terminals and from the busbars (iv) Individual, integral cable glanding facilities are to be provided for each circuit. The The illustration above illustration above is Form uses the 3a where Integral the housing Integral of Housing the Device of the device is the means of separation As a means and of the separation. arrangement is regarded as Group Mounted

51 Form 4a Type 3

52 Form 4a Type 3 lends itself to MCC s and Switchboards where single circuits per column can allow for the cable to gland at the top or bottom and connect directly onto the functional unit.

53 Options in the National Annex of BS EN Main criteria Sub-criteria Form Type of construction Separation of Busbars from the functional units and separation of all functional units from one another, including the terminals for external conductors which are an integral part of the functional unit. Terminals for external conductors not in the same compartment as the associated functional unit, but in individual, separate, enclosed protected spaces or compartments. Form 4b Type 4 Busbar separation is Achieved by insulated covering, e.g. sleeving, wrapping or coatings. Cables may be glanded elsewhere. Type 5 Busbar separation is by Metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions. Insulated coverings and glanded in common cabling chamber may separate terminals. Type 6 All separation requirements Are by metallic or non- metallic rigid barriers or partitions. Cables are glanded in common cabling chamber(s). Type 7 All separation Requirements are by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions. The termination for each functional unit has its own integral

54 Form 4b Type 4 The above illustration uses a combination of clauses covering Partitions and Barriers and Insulated Coverings Cable terminations are extended into separate individual compartments. Form 4b Type 4 also requires the separation of; (i) Busbars from functional units (ii) Functional Units from each other (iii) Terminals for external conductors from their own functional unit, other sets of terminals and from the Busbars The The illustration above illustration above is Form uses the 3a where Integral the housing Integral of Housing the Device of the device is the means of separation As a means and of the separation. arrangement is regarded as Group Mounted

55 Form 4b Type 4

56 Form 4b Type 4 (like Form 4a type 1) uses insulated busbars and taped or booted joints. The same considerations should be allowed, thermal imaging and long term effect of heat.

57 Form 4b Type 5 The above illustration uses Partitions and Barriers as a means of separation and insulated coverings for separation of external terminals Form 4b Type 5 also requires the separation of; (i) Busbars from functional units (ii) Functional Units from each other (iii) Terminals for external conductors from their own functional unit, other sets of terminals and from the busbars (iv) Separation of terminals for external conductors to be achieved by insulated coverings. The The illustration above illustration above is Form uses the 3a where Integral the housing Integral of Housing the Device of the device is the means of separation As a means and of the separation. arrangement is regarded as Group Mounted

58 Form 4b Type 5 Cable And termination way

59 Form 4b Type 5 Assembly

60 Form 4b Type 5 advantage suits the installation of cables. Because the terminations are collective in the cableway and glanding is typically all done at the top or bottom. The needs to guide cables into individual compartments directly onto the device like type 2 or into an individual terminal compartment like type 6 is eliminated.

61 Form 4b Type 6 Form 4b Type 6 also requires the separation of; (i) Busbars from functional units (ii) Functional Units from each other (iii) Terminals for external conductors from other terminals and from the busbars The above illustration uses Partitions and Barriers as a means of separation and is referred to as Compartmentalised. Cable terminations are extended into separate individual compartments. The The illustration above illustration above is Form uses the 3a where Integral the housing Integral of Housing the Device of the device is the means of separation As a means and of the separation. arrangement is regarded as Group Mounted

62 Form 4b Type 6 Compartment

63 Form 4b Type 6 Connections

64 Form 4b Type 6 Assembly

65 Form 4b Type 6 is a common requirement for rear access assemblies. Rear access terminations mean that the functional unit operation should be locked open whilst installation takes place. It also facilitates thermal imaging of termination points on front or rear access assemblies.

66 Form 4b Type 7 The above illustration uses Partitions and Barriers as a means of separation. Cable terminations are extended into separate individual compartments. Form 4b Type 7 also requires the separation of; (i) Busbars from functional units (ii) Functional Units from each other (iii) Terminals for external conductors from other terminals and from the busbars (iv) Individual, integral cable glanding facilities are to be provided for each circuit. The The illustration above illustration above is Form uses the 3a where Integral the housing Integral of Housing the Device of the device is the means of separation As a means and of the separation. arrangement is regarded as Group Mounted

67 Form 4b Type 7 Glanding and termination box.

68 Form 4b Type 7 Termination and Glanding box

69 Form 4b Type 7

70 Form 4b Type 7 is the ultimate construction for safety and minimising risk, Both for the installer and for the end user. It is typically used on mission critical installations like Data Centres where Isolation is not readily possible. Spare devices can have cables added whilst the assembly remains in a live state. Faults are confined to the functional unit or termination point without effecting adjacent units.

71 To Summarise: Form 1. No separation. Form 2. The functional units are separated from the busbars Form 2a.Terminals not separate from busbars. Form 2b type 1. Busbar separation is by insulated coverings. eg sleeving, wrapping or coating. Form 2b type 2. Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions

72 To Summarise: Form 3. Separation of busbars from functional units, Functional units from one another, terminals from functional units but not from each other Form 3a. Terminals not separated from busbars Form 3b type 1. Terminals separated from busbars. Busbar separation is by insulated covering eg. Sleeving, Wrapping or coatings Form 3b type 2. Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions

73 To Summarise: Form 4a. Separation of busbars from functional units, Functional units from one another, including terminals which are an integral part of the functional unit. Terminals in same compartment as the functional unit. Form 4a type 1. Busbar separation is by sleeving, wrapping or coatings. Cables may be glanded elsewhere. Form 4a type 2. Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions. Cables may be glanded elsewhere Form 4a type 3. Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions. The termination for each functional unit has own integral glanding facility

74 To Summarise: Form 4b. Separation of busbars from functional units, Functional units from one another. Terminals not in the same compartment as the functional unit, in individual, separate compartments. Form 4b type 4. Busbar separation is by sleeving, wrapping or coatings. Cables may be glanded elsewhere. Form 4b type 5. Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions. Insulated coverings and glanded in common cabling chamber may separate terminals. Form 4b type 6. Busbar separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions. Cables are glanded in common cable chambers.

75 To Summarise: Form 4b type 7. All separation is by metallic or non-metallic rigid barriers or partitions. Terminations for the functional units have individual, integral glanding facility.

76 Thank you Any questions?