Catalog of Lunar Seismic Data from Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment on 8-mm Video Cassette (Exabyte) Tapes

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1 Catalog of Lunar Seismic Data from Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment on 8-mm Video Cassette (Exabyte) Tapes prepared by Yosio Nakamura June 30, 1992 Institute for Geophysics The University of Texas at Austin 8701 MoPac Boulevard Austin, Texas University of Texas Institute for Geophysics Technical Report No. 118

2 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The financial support for reformatting and copying these data tapes has been provided by a grant from Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science (ISAS), Ministry of Education, Japan. We thank Professor Hitoshi Mizutani of ISAS for his assistance in our effort to preserve this irreplaceable data set. Mohammad Al- Khuffash, John Kerzaya, Khurram Qureshi, Wayne Richerson, Peter Rung, and Eitan Sadinsky, all undergraduate students at the University of Texas at Austin, did most of the work in processing these data.

3 PREFACE 3 We have recently reformatted and copied all of the lunar seismic data from Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment (PSE), originally on more than 10,000 7-track magnetic tapes, onto mm video cassette (Exabyte) tapes. This was done to make the data more readily accessible to users with modern computers and at the same time drastically reducing the physical size of the recording media for storage (about 2000 to 1 reduction in volume). This catalog gives a description of several different types of data in the data set, provides their data formats, and lists time periods covered by each file in each of the tapes to facilitate easy retrieval of desired data. DATA SET DESCRIPTION The data set includes all of the seismic data recorded at five of the six ALSEP (Apollo Lunar Surface Experiment Package) stations set up by the U.S. astronauts during the Apollo missions, , and continued operation till It also includes data from all the other experiments from all ALSEP stations after March 1, 1976, and also seismology and meteorology data from Viking Lander 2 on Mars. There are four major types of tapes plus 4 additional tapes in the set. They are: PSE tapes (40 tapes): These are the copies of the original 7-track PSE tapes produced at NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) and contain continuous (24 hours a day) seismic data from all of the PSE stations (Apollo 11, 12, 14, 15, and 16) from deployment of each station until February 29, 1976, when the processing of the data was transferred to the University of Texas Galveston Geophysics Laboratory (with an exception of Apollo 11 stations, which ceased to operate earlier). Each file constitutes a copy from a single original 7-track tape, which generally covered a period of 24 hours from a single station. Normal-bit-rate work tapes (21 tapes): After the data processing at NASA-JSC was terminated on February 29, 1976, we processed the original range tapes (PCM FM tapes that contained raw data received from the ALSEP stations on the moon) in Galveston to produce computer tapes which contained the whole ALSEP data. The processed data were originally written on 7-track tapes but later reformatted and copied onto 9-track tapes. The 8-mm work tapes are the bit-by-bit copies of these 9-track tapes. The normal-bit-rate work tapes cover the period from March 1, 1976 till September 30, 1977, when all of the stations were commanded to stop data transmission. They contain data from all ALSEP experiments from all stations (12, 14, 15, 16 and 17) except when station 17 was operating at high bit rate (see below). High-bit-rate work tapes (7 tapes): These tapes are similar to normal-bit-rate work tapes except that they contain only LSPE (Lunar Surface Profiling Experiment) data from Apollo 17 station when the station was operating at high bit rate. Event tapes (8 tapes): These tapes contain only those portions of the data where seismic signals were detected by long-period instruments. The detected events are listed in Passive Seismic Experiment Long-Period Event Catalog by Nakamura et al. (Galveston Geophysics Laboratory Contribution No. 491 [Tech. Rept. No. 18], 1981). Each file constitutes a copy of a single original 7-track event tape, which contained several events from a single station.

4 4 P&E supplement tape: This tape contains copies of PSE and event tapes which were skipped earlier because of initial difficulty in reading some old tapes but recovered after the tapes were cleaned. Special event tape: This tape contains data of specially selected deep moonquake, major meteoroid impact, all shallow moonquake and all artificial impact events. Viking tape: This tape contains seismology and meteorology data from Viking Lander 2 on Martian surface in period. Auxiliary data and document tape: This tape contains copies of all documents and ancillary data files generated during the course of the tape copying. Included in this tape are such files as logs kept during copy operation, quality control outputs, and list of files in each tape, as well as computer programs used at various stages of copy operation. The table on the following two pages briefly describes contents of all 80 tapes. A more detailed description of the contents of each tape is given later. [The time period covered by each tape is given in year and days of the year.]

5 Tape Label Type Station Time Period A11-PSE PSE Apollo / /237 A12-PSE-1 PSE Apollo / /132 A12-PSE-2 PSE Apollo / /305 A12-PSE-3 PSE Apollo / /114 A12-PSE-4 PSE Apollo / /295 A12-PSE-5 PSE Apollo / /232 A12-PSE-6 PSE Apollo / /156 A12-PSE-7 PSE Apollo / /081 A12-PSE-8 PSE Apollo / /365 A12-PSE-9 PSE Apollo / /288 A12-PSE-10 PSE Apollo / /060 A14-PSE-1 PSE Apollo / /216 A14-PSE-2 PSE Apollo / /029 A14-PSE-3 PSE Apollo / /202 A14-PSE-4 PSE Apollo / /016 A14-PSE-5 PSE Apollo / /196 A14-PSE-6 PSE Apollo / /365 A14-PSE-7 PSE Apollo / /197 A14-PSE-8 PSE Apollo / /359 A14-PSE-9 PSE Apollo / /174 A14-PSE-10 PSE Apollo / /346 A14-PSE-11 PSE Apollo / /060 A15-PSE-1 PSE Apollo / /026 A15-PSE-2 PSE Apollo / /205 A15-PSE-3 PSE Apollo / /008 A15-PSE-4 PSE Apollo / /188 A15-PSE-5 PSE Apollo / /365 A15-PSE-6 PSE Apollo / /179 A15-PSE-7 PSE Apollo / /359 A15-PSE-8 PSE Apollo / /174 A15-PSE-9 PSE Apollo / /343 A15-PSE-10 PSE Apollo / /060 A16-PSE-1 PSE Apollo / /281 A16-PSE-2 PSE Apollo / /093 A16-PSE-3 PSE Apollo / /273 A16-PSE-4 PSE Apollo / /087 A16-PSE-5 PSE Apollo / /266 A16-PSE-6 PSE Apollo / /075 A16-PSE-7 PSE Apollo / /250 A16-PSE-8 PSE Apollo / /060 5

6 6 Tape Label Type Station Time Period WT-N-1 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /086 WT-N-2 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /116 WT-N-3 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /148 WT-N-4 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /177 WT-N-5 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /200 WT-N-6 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /226 WT-N-7 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /256 WT-N-8 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15, / /286 WT-N-9 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15, / /325 WT-N-10 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15, / /356 WT-N-11 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /018 WT-N-12 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15, / /050 WT-N-13 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15, / /081 WT-N-14 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15, / /114 WT-N-15 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /137 WT-N-16 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /162 WT-N-17 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /187 WT-N-18 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /211 WT-N-19 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /238 WT-N-20 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /271 WT-N-21 N.B.R. Work Apollo 12,14,15,16, / /273 WT-H-1 H.B.R. Work Apollo / /265 WT-H-2 H.B.R. Work Apollo / /304 WT-H-3 H.B.R. Work Apollo / /342 WT-H-4 H.B.R. Work Apollo / /015 WT-H-5 H.B.R. Work Apollo / /053 WT-H-6 H.B.R. Work Apollo / /090 WT-H-7 H.B.R. Work Apollo / /115 A12-ET-1 Event Apollo / /365 A12-ET-2 Event Apollo / /273 A14-ET-1 Event Apollo / /365 A14-ET-2 Event Apollo / /273 A15-ET-1 Event Apollo / /365 A15-ET-2 Event Apollo / /273 A16-ET-1 Event Apollo / /365 A16-ET-2 Event Apollo / /273 P&E Suppl P&E Supplement Apollo 12,14,15, / /244 A-SE-1 Special Event Apollo 12,14,15, / /270 Viking Viking Viking Lander / /060 Aux. Data & Doc Aux. Data & Doc. - -

7 TAPE FORMAT DESCRIPTION 7 PSE and Event Tapes One file for each original PSE or Event tape Files are generally in chronological order, with some exceptions Record size: 19K (19,456 bytes), fixed-length format Each record consists of a 16-byte header plus byte (old format) or byte (new format) logical records (frames) of data from 3 (old format) or 6 (new format) physical records of the original PSE tape. [Each physical record of the original PSE tapes contained 90 logical records (frames) of data.] Header format: Bytes Information (16-bit integers) for PSE tapes; 2 for Event tapes 3-4 Apollo station number 5-6 original tape sequence number for PSE tapes; 2-digit station code plus 3-digit original event tape sequence number for Event tapes 7-8 record number 9-10 year format (0 = old, 1 = new) number of physical records from original tape original tape read error flags (lsb set if read error occurred while reading the first physical record from the original tape, etc) Data format: In each logical record, Long Word Bits Data 1 0 software time flag (set at JSC for clock substitution) msb of 35-bit time of the year in ms lsb of 35-bit time of the year in ms ALSEP tracking station ID bit error rate (from original tape) 2 14 data rate (1 = 1060 bps, 0 = 530 bps) not used For old format ALSEP word ALSEP words 1, 4, 9, 12, 16, 22, 26, 29, 33, 36, 40, 43, 46, 52, 58, ALSEP words 2, 6, 10, 13, 18, 24, 27, 30, 34, 37, 41, 44, 48, 54, 59, ALSEP words 3, 8, 11, 14, 20, 25, 28, 32, 35, 38, 42, 45, 50, 57, 60, , 21 not used For new format not used ALSEP words 1, 9, 25, 33, 41, ALSEP words 2, 11, 27, 35, 43, ALSEP words 3, 13, 29, 37, 45, 59

8 , 21 not used ALSEP word not used Each ALSEP word is a 10-bit word, and 64 ALSEP words, evenly spaced in time, make up a logical record. At 1060 bps normal data rate, the nominal duration of a logical record is 10x64/1060 = ms. ALSEP word assignment: ALSEP words 1-3 (30 bits) constitute the control word consisting of the following: first 22 bits: next 7 bits: sync pattern Barker code ( ) and its complement frame count last bit: mode bit 1 for frame 1 means normal bit rate; 1 for frame 2 means slow bit rate; ALSEP ID for frames 3-5 as follows: Station ID ALSEP words 4-64 contain the data as follows Words Frames Data all even except 2, 46, 56* all short-period vertical (SPZ) 9, 25, 41, 57 all long-period X (LPX) 11, 27, 43, 59 all long-period Y (LPY) 13, 29, 45, 61 all long-period Z (LPZ) 33 all housekeeping 35 even tidal X (TDX) 35 odd tidal Z (TDZ) 37 even tidal Y (TDY) 37 odd instrument temperature 46 all command verification *also excepting ALSEP word 24 for station 15 Each 10-bit seismic data word is an unsigned integer with an offset of 512. Each tape ends with double end-of-file marks.

9 9 Normal-Bit-Rate Work Tapes One file for each original 9-track copy Work tape Files are generally ordered chronologically, with some exceptions. Some files skipped in the initial processing are found at the end of the last tape of the series (WT-N-21). Record size: 16 bytes for headers; 5760 bytes for data; variable-length format Each file consists of two (occasionally one) 16-byte headers followed by 5760-byte data records. Each file is usually, but not always, terminated by a NASA end-of-file record (a data record with all hexadecimal 1's) and a regular end-of-file mark. Each data record contains 60 logical records (frames) of data of 96 bytes each. Header format: Bytes Information (16-bit integers except for last 6 bytes) to identify Normal-Bit-Rate Work tape 3-4 active station code 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 for Apollo 12, 15, 16, 14 and 17 stations, respectively, placed in consecutive 3-bit positions starting at the second most significant bit. The most significant bit is not used. 5-6 number of active stations 7-8 original 9-track tape ID number (7001 through 8109) 9-10 year and first 4 bits of byte 15 time of the year of the first data in msec, 36-bit integer Remaining bits of byte 15 and byte 16 not used Data format: In each logical record, Long Word Bits Data 1 0 a flag bit indicating usage of computer-generated time code msb of 35-bit time of the year in ms lsb of 35-bit time of the year in ms ALSEP tracking station ID ALSEP package ID bit synchronizer status: bit 11=search; bit 12=verify; bit 13=confirm; bit 14=lock; bit 15=input level original 7-track record number (first subframe only) ALSEP words 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 37, 40, 43, 46, 49, 52, 55, 58, 61, ALSEP words 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, 29, 32, 35, 38, 41, 44, 47, 50, 53, 56, 59, ALSEP words 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 17, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57, 60, , 21 not used not used ALSEP word assignment: For PSE data, see preceding page; for other experiments, see appropriate NASA Apollo Project documents [e.g., Apollo Scientific Experiments Data Handbook by Lauderdale and Eichelman, NASA Technical Memorandum TM X-58131, 1974]. Each tape ends with double end-of-file marks.

10 10 High-Bit-Rate Work tapes One file for each original 9-track copy Work tape Files are generally in chronological order, with some exceptions. A few files skipped in the initial processing are found at the end of the last tape of the series (WT-H-7). Record size: 16 bytes for headers; 5760 bytes for data; variable-length format Each file consists of two (occasionally one) 16-byte headers followed by 5760-byte data records. Each file is usually, but not always, terminated by a NASA end-of-file record (a data record with all hexadecimal 1's) and a regular end-of-file mark. Each data record contains 20 logical records (frames) of 288 bytes each, and each frame contains 3 subframes of 96 bytes each. Header format: Bytes Information (16-bit integers except for last 6 bytes) to identify High-Bit-Rate Work tape 3-4 active station code 5 for Apollo 17 stations 5-6 number of active stations (=1) 7-8 original 9-track tape ID number (6001 through 6336) 9-10 year and first 4 bits of byte 15: time of the year of the first data in msec, 36-bit integer Remaining bits of byte 15 and byte 16: not used Data format: In each subframe, Long Word Bits Data 1 0 a flag bit indicating usage of computer-generated time code msb of 35-bit time of the year in ms lsb of 35-bit time of the year in ms ALSEP tracking station ID ALSEP package ID = bit synchronizer status: bit 11=search; bit 12=verify; bit 13=confirm; bit 14=lock; bit 15=input level original 7-track record number (first subframe only) LSPE data words not used not used At 3533 bps data rate, the nominal duration of a subframe is 30x20/3533 = ms. LSPE bit assignment: See appropriate NASA Apollo Project documents for assignment of bits within each subframe of bit LSPE data words and logarithmic compression used for the geophone signals [e.g., Apollo Scientific Experiments Data Handbook by Lauderdale and Eichelman, NASA Tech. Memo. TM X-58131, 1974, Sec. 23]. Each tape ends with double end-of-file marks.

11 11 Viking Tape One file for each original 7-track Viking tape Record size: 1000 bytes for headers; 10752, or bytes for data; variable-length format Each file contains multiple subgroups, each of which represents a copy of a single file on the original 7-track tape (no end-of-file mark between subgroups). Each subgroup consists of a 1000-byte header record followed by data records. Header format: Bytes Information (16-bit integers except for bytes 3-8) to identify Viking tape 3-8 original 7-track tape label 9-10 file number on the original tape length, in bytes, of each data record to follow filled with zeroes Data format: Each 6-bit byte of the original 7-track data occupies the 6 lsb (bits 2-7) of an 8-bit byte in data record with 2 msb (bits 0-1) filled with zeroes. If the original record length is shorter than the available record length, the remaining bytes are filled with FFh (all bits set). See appropriate NASA Viking Project documents for data format of original 7-track tapes. The tape ends with double end-of-file marks. Auxiliary Data and Document Tape This tape is written in Unix tar format, with single level of sub-directories.

12 12 TAPE FILE LIST The remainder of this catalog lists tape files in each of the tapes. These lists have been computer generated from the data, and thus are subject to occasional errors caused by data irregularities. More detailed contents of each file may be found in quality control outputs, which are included in the auxiliary data and document tape. Column headers are: PSE and event tapes FLE ST TPSEQ YEAR F FROM TO NBL file number Apollo station original 7-track tape sequence number year format: 0 = old, 1 = new data start time in day, hrmn and second data end time in day, hrmn and second number of blocks Work tapes FLE file number TSEQ original 9-track copy tape sequence number STATS active stations: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 for Apollo stations 12, 14, 15, 16 and 17 YEAR year FROM data start time in day, hrmn and second TO data end time in day, hrmn and second NBLK number of blocks Viking tape FLE TLABEL FL RECD RSIZE TYPE SOLS file number original 7-track tape label number of files in original 7-track tape number of data records length of each data record in bytes data type: SEIS = seismic data (SEISF file); MET = meteorology data; USEIS = unwrapped seismic data range of Sols (Martian days counted from day of landing)

13 13 A11-PSE A12-PSE

14 A12-PSE A12-PSE-3

15 A12-PSE

16 A12-PSE

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