Test Facility for Sampler Drills and Distribution Tools

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1 Aerospace Engineering Department Test Facility for Sampler Drills and Distribution Tools C. Dainese, F. Malnati, A. Ercoli Finzi, G. Sangiovanni

2 The past Small Sample Acquisition and Distribution Tool (SSA/DT) technology 2

3 The future: Rosetta Mission Comet Investigation Orbiter SD2 Lander - Philae Sampler Drill and Distribution Subsystem 3

4 Goal Improvement of SD2 Flight Spare (FS) drilling and sampling performance Design and realization of a TEST FACILITY simulation of all scenarios mission plan check development of new Mission Plan Development of a methodology for the characterization of soil properties from drill telemetry data 4

5 Summary Rosetta Mission SD2 System SD2 Facility Passive and active checkout Perforation strategy Test campaign Conclusions and Future Developments 5

RENDEZVOUS MANOUVRE MAY 2014 COMET MAPPING AUGUST 2014 SOFT-LANDING OF PHILAE NOVEMBER

6 Rosetta Mission Time Line Earth LAUNCH MARCH 2004 FIRST EARTH FLY-BY MARCH 2005 MARS FLY-BY FEBRUARY 2007 SECOND EARTH FLY-BY NOVEMBER 2007 THIRD EARTH FLY-BY NOVEMBER 2009 RENDEZVOUS MANOUVRE MAY 2014 COMET MAPPING AUGUST 2014 SOFT-LANDING OF PHILAE NOVEMBER 2014 COMET PERIHELIO PASSAGE AUGUST 2015 MISSION END DICEMBER P/Churymov-Gerasimenko 6

SD2 Drill Dimensions: Total length = 580 mm Diameter = 12 mm Power consumption (maximum levels):

7 SD2 Subsystem The total mass about 5.1 kg: Mechanical Unit ~ 3700 g Electronic Unit ~ 1000 g Harness ~ 400 g. SD2 Drill Dimensions: Total length = 580 mm Diameter = 12 mm Power consumption (maximum levels): 1.5 W average power consumption in stand-by 6.0 W average power consumption during drilling/sampling operations 14.5 W max power consumption during drilling/sampling operations. 7

8 SD2 Facility Laboratory tasks Mechanical verification of the perforation system o o analysis of the drill structural behaviour, force and torque measures transmitted by the drill to the different specimens; simulation of many different conditions of comet soil; mechanical verification of sampling and collecting methods; verification of the real behaviour of the SD2 FS during the Mission Plan implementation; development of drilling strategies; development of non common activities (NCA) procedures; 8

9 SD2 Facility Laboratory equipment SD2 FS; a support structure (easy inspection, the FS clamping system replication); a sensor system (drill mechanical behaviour measurement); a translation system (rises and depressions of comet soil simulation); wide specimens categories (travertine, marble, gasbeton, comet analogue, etc.); an acquisition system (real time drill kinematics behaviour measurement and elaboration). 9

10 SD2 Facility Facility structure 2000 mm 1000 mm 500 mm 10

11 SD2 Facility Laboratory FACILITY EGSE 11

12 SD2 Facility Acquisition System Strain gauge equipped with an amplifier and the conditioning system DC Power Supply Low-pass digital filter Data Acquisition device Labview Software Strain Gauge Torque FS (Full Scale):10 Nm (Mz), Vertical force FS: 1000 N (Fz), Resolution: 1N for the vertical force (Fz), Resolution: 0,01Nm for the torque (Mz). 12

13 SD2 Facility Labview Software 13

14 SD2 Facility Anti-vibration support Vibrostop Metalflex anti-vibration supports 14

15 Passive and Active Checkout At this moment 6 Checkouts (2 Active and 4 Passive) have been successfully performed! SD2 Movements tested: Carousel Rotation Drill Rotation (CW and CCW) SD2 Movements foreseen: Carousel Rotation Drill Rotation (CW and CCW) Drill Translation? CDMS Simulator SD2 SM SD2 TA.EXE 15

16 Active Checkout Carousel rotation movie 16

17 Perforation strategy Simulation of different sampling scenarios, according to different on comet surface conditions. 17

18 Perforation strategy Material Characteristics Fragile material Low density (~500 kg/m3) Porous composition 18

19 Perforation strategy SD2 scientific Instrument SD2 Tool Scientific Instrument Correlation analysis between drill telemetry data and the mechanical characteristics of the perforated material.? (material parameters) = f (telemetry data) Experimental approach 19

20 Perforation strategy Experimental Approach Experimental campaign with different specimen categories: Imposition of decreasing drill rotation speed values Identification of the minimum rotation speed required to drill the specimen without stepper motor stop Creation of a DATABASE of correlations between minimum speed value and the material characteristics Minimum Rotation Speed 20

21 Test campaign Drill Perforation Movie 21

22 Test campaign Results of Drill Perforation 22

23 Test campaign Force and Torque Measured force and torque, during the gasbeton perforation test, (perforation depth of 20 mm) 23

24 Test campaign First result with the gas-beton Drill Rotation speed levels Drill Translation speed levels 24

25 Test campaign Perforation tests on inclined surface Simulation of SD2 operation on irregular cometary surface 1) Test 20 2) Test 60 F The contact between cutting and surface is asymmetrical, with an asymmetrical distribution of cutting stress C F L 25

26 Test campaign Perforation tests with multi-layers sample First layer: mix of concrete material Second layer: gasbeton Goal: Drill behaviour analysis (discontinuity of force and torque) 26

27 Test campaign Samples Catch Sample dimension depend on: Increasing of sample time Drill speed and torque value 27

28 Conclusions and future developments FS Mechanical and functional checking in different environmental conditions: Drilling system Sampling system Collection system Comet soil simulation Mechanical sample behavior Foreseen operation activities implementation Emergency procedures implementation Experimental correlation between drill movement and soil characteristics (detection of stratified soil) Perforation model to describe the experimental interaction FS Mechanical and functional checking with a several different sample and with a comet-analogue material Facility utilization for testing SSA/DT tecnology (Moon and Mars Mission) 28

29 Acknowledgments We wish to thank Galileo Avionica and ASI Rosetta 29

30 30

31 Sensor system Low-pass digital filter Strain Gauge Torque FS (Full Scale):10 Nm (Mz), Vertical force FS: 1000 N (Fz), Resolution: 1N for the vertical force (Fz), Resolution: 0,01Nm for the torque (Mz). Butterworth filter of the sixth order It softens the signal of 36 db/octave FNyquist = 82 Hz FSAMPLING = 164 Hz I/O data acquisition device Resolution: 16 bit Gain: 200 ks/s Bipolar field: [ -10, +10 ] [V] End of scale 20V measuring levels: ±10 V, ±5 V, ±500 mv and ±50 mv. 31

Scientific contribution Experimental Approach 1/2 Available SD2 telemetry data: Drill Rotation speed Perforation Depth Current Value STEPPER MOTOR If the driller will find a layer with high strength

32 Scientific contribution Experimental Approach 1/2 Available SD2 telemetry data: Drill Rotation speed Perforation Depth Current Value STEPPER MOTOR If the driller will find a layer with high strength Torque [mnm] Speed [rpm] Power [W] Resistance torque increase lower than the maximum resistance torque value, Cmax the drill perforation proceeding with the same speed (no current increase); Resistance torque increase bigger than the maximum resistance torque value, Cmax the drill perforation can not proceed the with the same speed (the motor stops). 32

33 Perforation strategy Perforation tests on level surface STRATEGY: 1) Start Conditions: (V T,V R ) from Galileo Avionica tests 2) Decrease (V T, V R ) for any C R Minimum required (V T, V R ) Crawling curve Crawling curve: Power necessary > Power available F compression > F max = 100 N 33

34 How to implement a new procedure Ground segment architecture 34

35 How to implement a new procedure Lander Instrument Operation Request (LIOR) PI Laboratories LIOR Cancellation Request Science Data SONC Interaction between PI and SONC Auxiliary Data Instruments Status Command sequences from PI to the Lander CDMS 35

System Testing by Flight Operators the Rosetta Experience

European Space Operations Center System Testing by Flight Operators the Rosetta Experience E. Montagnon, P. Ferri, L. O Rourke, A. Accomazzo, I. Tanco, J. Morales, M. Sweeney Spaceops 2004, Montréal, Canada,