Battery Technology Roadmap Valentin Wernecke, Patrick Morgenroth

Transcription

1 Battery Technology Roadmap Valentin Wernecke, Patrick Morgenroth

2 Outline of the presentation 1. Requirements for stationary and mobile applications 2. Battery technologies in the past 3. Battery technologies - state of the art 4. Battery technologies Battery technologies in the Future 6. Conclusion 7. Sources 2

3 1. Requirements for stationary and mobile applications Energy Density Temperature Power Density Lifetime Cycle Life Costs Safety 3

4 1. Requirements for stationary and mobile applications Energy Density Temperature Power Density Lifetime Cycle Life mobile stationary stationary mobile Costs Safety 4

5 What s next? Flocken EV 1900 Lohner Porsche 2. Battery Technologies in the Past NiMH GM EV 1 Roadster 2012 Model S 5

6 Battery technologies state of the art LiMn 2 O 4 LMO LiNiMnCoO 2 NMC LiNiCoAlO 2 NCA Cost Specific energy Specific power Cost Specific energy Specific power Cost Specific energy Specific power Life span Safety Life span Safety Life span Safety Performance Performance Performance BMW i3, Chevrolet Volt, Nissan Leaf BMW, VW, Nissan Model S 6

7 1888 Flocken EV Higher Voltage 2018 liquid electrolyt 1900 Lohner Porsche NiMH GM EV 1 Roadster Model S

8 Higher Voltage Lithium Sulfur 2018 liquid electrolyt 4.Battery technologies Lithium-sulfur 1888 Flocken EV Advantages + High energy density + Material 1900 costs + No Lead rare Acid materials needed + Ambient conditions Lohner Porsche ( C) Challenges Cycle Life - Charging and discharging behavior (extraordinary profile) - Efficiency (side reactions) Self-discharge NiMH GM EV 1 Roadster Model S

9 Higher Voltage 2018 liquid electrolyt 4.Battery technologies Lithium-solid state 1888 Flocken EV Advantages + Energy density + Power 1900density Challenges Lohner Porsche - Ambient conditions (low temperatures) - Cycle life 2008 Lithium Sulfur 1999 NiMH GM EV 1 Roadster 2030 Lithiumsolid state Model S

10 1888 Flocken EV Higher Voltage 2018 liquid electrolyt 1900 Lohner Porsche Lithiumsolid state Lithium Sulfur 1999 NiMH GM EV Model S 10 Roadster

11 Li-air Metal-air Al-air Na-air Mg-air 2030 Higher Voltage Lithiumsolid state 2050 Lithium Sulfur 2018 liquid electrolyt 1888 Flocken EV Advantages + Energy density + Power 1900density Lohner Porsche - Air access - Air Transport 1999 NiMH Model S 4.Battery technologies in the Future Metal -air Challenges - Cycle life - Air purity 2012 GM EV 1 Same challenges compared to the fuel cell 2008 Roadster 11

12 Battery technology roadmap conclusion Batteries especially with liquid electrolyte will remain in electric vehicles for the next years. The next step could be to increase the energy density by rising the cell voltage working range. Possible new technologies in the next ten years are lithium-sulfur and lithiumsolid state. The big challenge is to optimize the cycling life. After 2030 there is the possibility of new battery technologies with an air-cathode like lithium-air, aluminum-air and magnesium-air. Big challenges are air purity, transport and access. 12

13 It is difficult to make predictions, especially about the future Mark Twain ( ) 13

14 Sources [1] A. Thielmann, A. Sauer, R. Isenmann, M. Wietschel, Technology Roadmap Energy Storage for Electric Mobility 2030, Frauenhofer Institute, Karlsruhe, 2013 [2] A. Dinger, R. Martin, X. Mosquet, M. Rabi, D. Rizoulis, M. Russo, G. Sticher, Batteries for Electric Cars, The Boston Conculting Group, 2010 [3] I. Buchmann, Future Batteries, Battery University, [Online]. Available: [Access ] [4] I. Buchmann, Types of Lithium-ion, Battery University, [Online]. Available: [Access ] [5] I. Buchmann, Summary Table of Lithium-based Batteries, Battery University, [Online]. Available: [Access ] [6] I. Buchmann, Summary Table of Future Batteries, Battery University, [Online]. Available: [Access ] 14