Community-Led Local Development in the EU
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1 Community-Led Local Development in the EU Insights from the Expert assignment about CLLD implementation under ERDF and ESF 5 th Meeting of the LEADER / CLLD Sub-group 08 March 2018 Loris Antonio Servillo University College of London - Bartlett school of Planning KU Leuven - Planning and Development Unit
2 Community Led Local Development implementation ( ) Key points: CLLD among the new delivery tools to support integrated approach to territorial development extention of the LEADER approach for rural development and fishery policy Recognition of the distinctiveness of LEADER place-based approach Tailoring sub-regions for local development Bottom-up approach Democratic representativeness and inclusive capacity Strategic dimension of the plan Evolution along two directions: New financial support: ERDF and ESF Multi-funded LAGs: integration of funds for Local Development Strategies 2
3 CLLD: How it was programmed by the EU Member States Funds 3 Funds 2 Funds 1 Fund Category EAFRD, ERDF, ESF, EMFF EAFRD, ERDF, ESF EAFRD, ERDF, EMFF EAFRD, ESF, EMFF EAFRD, EMFF EAFRD, ERDF EAFRD Sources: DG Agri, Partnership agreements Member State BG, DE, ES, FR, GR, IT, PL, PT, RO, SE, UK CZ, HU SI LT CY,DK, EE, FI, IE, LV AT, NL, SK BE, LU, MT 26% Multi-funding allowed AT, BG, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GR, HU, IT, LT, LV, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK, UK 74% Not allowed BE, CY, EE, IE, LU, MT, NL Sources: DG Agri, Partnership agreements 3
4 ... and how has been implemented Evolution of the LEADER approach into CLLD Stage Duration Funds Number of LAGs LEADER EAGGF, ESF, ERDF 217 LEADER EAGGF, ESF, ERDF 821 LEADER EAGGF 893 in EU15 (+ 250 LEADER+ type measures in in 6 MS) LEADER axis EAFRD, EMFF 2,200 in EU27 CLLD EAFRD, EMFF, ERDF, ESF in EU28 Source: EPRC 2014, from European LEADER Association for Rural Development 4
5 State of play: October 2017 CLLD implementation in the MS Various combinations Mono-funded strategies Financed only with one fund Multi-funded strategies Integration of various Funds EAFRD EMFF ERDF ESF ERDF ESF EAFRD EMFF Other ESIF combinations Rural LAGs Fishery LAGs Urb/Rur LAGs Urban LAGs Urban-Rural LAGs Rural-Fishery LAGs Rur/Urb/Fish LAGs Mono-fund LAGs 726 Multi-fund LAGs Traditional approach 796 New approach 229 Under ERDF/ESF Current total: LAGs Sources: EAFRD DG Agri, 02/2017 EMFF and EAFRD/EMFF FARNET, 09/2017 ERDF & ESF Own Expert assignment, 08/2017 5
6 Multi-funded LAGs and country distribution ERDF 21+4 RO, NL + CBC AT/IT ESF 45 LT, PL (Kujawsko-P), GR (Centr Mac, Ipeiros, Crete) EMFF / EAFRD 69 GR, IT, LT, LV, PL, UK ERDF / ESF 159 GR(Pelopon.) PL (Podlaskie), PT, HU Other combinations 498 EAFRD/ERDF 169 AT, BG, CZ, IT, SL, SI, SE EAFRD/ESF 5 BG, SE EAFRD/ERDF/ESF 193 BG, CZ, DE, PL, PT, SE EMFF/ESF 0 EMFF/ERDF 0 EMFF/ESF/ERDF 5 PT (Centro) EAFRD/EMFF/ERDF 4 SI EAFRD/EMFF/ESF 1 SE EAFRD/EMFF/ERDF/ESF 9 SE, PL (Kujawsko-P) Not yet specified 112 Partial info about fund composition for Czech Rep and UK Source: Own elaboration 6
7 Overview of n. of LAGs using ERDF/ESF in the EU Source: Own Expert assignment on LAGs using ERDF and ESF 7
8 Few considerations Positive take up, but new potentialities half way exploited Broad but geographically varied uptake successful tradition of the LEADER approach in the EU15 has paradoxically impeded financial and thematic innovation. Limited financial support in combination with a stronger thematic concentration in the EU15 (e.g. more developed regions need to allocate 80% of their ERDF resources to thematic objectives 1-4) Bigger administrative burden vs. local traditions in community-led programs Community-led as much as goverment-led 8
9 What kind of territories are we talking about? (non-exaustive list of types) 9
10 Large sub-regional areas, with integrated (prevailing rural) development strategy LAG NAD ORLICÍ (Czeck Republic) 58 Municipalities (only 4 more than 3k inh.) Meridaunia (Italy) 30 Municipalities ESI Funds Budget ERDF (Lead) ESF EAFRD ESI Funds Budget ERDF (Lead) EAFRD National Funds (Inner Areas)
11 Medium sized sub-regions and aggregation of few municipalities dealing with economic (rural) development and access to services LAG SydostLeader (Sweden) 11 Municipalities and 3 Counties GotseDelchev-Garmen-Hadzhidimovo (Bulgaria) ESI Funds Budget EAFRD (Lead) ERDF ESF EMFF ESI Funds Budget EAFRD (Lead) ERDF ESF
12 Town and neighbourhood with development strategy and reinforcement of local identity LAG Tatabánya (Hungary) inh Stichting initiatief op Scheveningen (The Netherlands) inh. ESI Funds Budget ERDF (Lead) ESF ESI Funds Budget ERDF (Lead)
13 Tailored territories with cut-off and overlapping, addressing specific local dimensions Stowarzyszenie "Suwalsko - Sejneńska" Lokalna Grupa Działania (Poland) ADAE MAR / RURAL 2020 (Portugal) ESI Funds Budget ERDF (Lead) ESF EAFRD ESI Funds Budget ESF (Lead) ERDF EMFF ESI Funds Budget ESF (Lead) ERDF EAFRD
14 Distinction between mono-funding and multi-funding LAGs Mono funding LAG Simpler administrative workload (Predominantly) Consolidated structures and actors Lack of capacity to address more articulated challenges: social agenda in the PL case, energy efficiency in the IT one Possible pairing with other funds (national of EU) but hard to achieve synergies (e.g. ESF in the NL case) Multi funding LAG Heavier administrative workload Challenges: new territorial arrangements; novelty for administration(s) Possibility to address integrated challenges and a large range of social targets, e.g. migrants in touristic initiatives (A), combined support to enterprises and social inclusion initiatives (Pl, Se) Crucial role of the MA in simplifying the procedures 14
15 About administrative complexity, tailored territories and nested LAGs... The cross-border LAGs between Austria and Italy 15
16 The administrative structure of the national LAGs EAFRD ERDF National /regional funds EAFRD National LAG Regional Managing Authority (A) Tirol Region One-stop shop approach Tyrol (A) Trentino Alto Adige (I) Regional Managing Authority (IT) National LAG National LAG National LAG National LAG National LAG 16
17 ... and the structure of the cross-border LAG EAFRD ERDF National /regional funds CBC-ERDF EAFRD National LAG Regional Managing Authority (A) Tirol Region One-stop shop approach Tyrol (A) Regional Managing Authority (IT) Trentino Alto Adige (I) Regional Managing Authority (IT) National LAG National LAG National LAG National LAG National LAG National LAG [Lead partner] Cross-Border LAG 17
18 Cross-border LAG Terra Raetica (AT-I) LAG ESI Funds Budget Landek EAFRD (Lead) 2,943,849 Landek ERDF 585,714 Imst EAFRD (Lead) 3,080,353 Imst ERDF 557,986 Val Venosta EAFRD (mono) Missing Cross-border CBC-ERDF (tot) 3,526,919 18
19 Cross-border LAG Terra Raetica (AT-I) LAG ESI Funds Budget Landek EAFRD (Lead) 2,943,849 Landek ERDF 585,714 Imst EAFRD (Lead) 3,080,353 Imst ERDF 557,986 Val Venosta EAFRD (mono) Missing Cross-border CBC-ERDF (tot) 3,526,919
20 Conclusive remarks Importance of the multi-level decision making Support (or lack of support) from the Managing Authorities Determinant factor: awareness of CLLD potentialities at local level Bigger threat administrative costs: up to 30% of the budget, 3 times more compared to a similar national initiative (from Austrian case study) Multi-fund approach at project level and simplification of procedures: follow the example of virtuous cases 20
21 Register your ERDF / ESF on the LAG Data Base 21
22 Thank you Loris Servillo 22
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