Waikoloa, HI, USA, 14 June Keiichi Komoto. Mizuho Information & Research Institute, Inc. (MHIR), Japan

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IEA PVPS Workshop @ WCPEC-7 PV enablers from

and Transport Waikoloa, HI, USA, 14 June 2018

1 IEA PVPS WCPEC-7 PV enablers from PVPS perspective : what will drive the PV market in the coming years? Towards PV-based e-mobility PVPS Task17: PV and Transport Waikoloa, HI, USA, 14 June 2018 Keiichi Komoto Mizuho Information & Research Institute, Inc. (MHIR), Japan

2 Why e-mobility? The transport sector is facing the challenge of significant CO 2 reduction Beyond 2 O C scenario 2 O C scenario, aligned with the WEO 450 ppm Scenario Global technology penetrations in LDV stock by scenario, (Ref. OECD/IEA 2017, Energy Technology Perspectives 2017, Figure 5.3, p. 223) Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS WS@WCPEC-7, 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018

3 Why PV-based e-mobility? Well-to-Wheels GHG gas emissions should be reduced. B A Well-to-Wheels Greenhouse Gas Emissions for 2035, Mid-Size Car(Ref. U.S.DOE: Program Record Offices of Bioenergy Technologies, Fuel Cell Technologies & Vehicle Technologies, 10 May 2013) Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS WS@WCPEC-7, 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 C

Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS WS@WCPEC-7, 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 Why PV-based e-mobility?

4 Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 Why PV-based e-mobility? There are various ways to supply PV electricity to EV. PV PV Powered Vehicle PV Charging Station Charge EV Battery Storage Grid Storage Charge FCV

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5 Why PV-based e-mobility? A potential of PV market in the transport will be large. ( 341_from_priusphv_top_performance03#) ( ( Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS WS@WCPEC-7, 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018

6 Average driving distance [km/day] 平均走行距離 [km/ 日 ] A preliminary study on PV-powered vehicles Expected values of PVpowered vehicles (1kW-PV) A-1: Weekend use for long range leisure trip A-2: Weekend use for short range leisure trip C-1: Daily use for long range work trip B-1: Weekend/weekday use for middle range B-2: Weekend/weekday use for close range C-2: Daily use for short /middle range work trip Weekly driving 走行頻度 frequency [ 日 / 週 ] [day] Driving pattern Range [km/d] Frequency [days/week] Effective use of PV electricity Expected values of PV-Powered vehicle CO 2 reduction [kg-co 2 /y] Saving charging cost [JPY/y] Charging opportunity A-1 Weekend use for long range leisure trip % ,200 decrease A-2 Weekend use for short range leisure trip 50 (Weekend) 44 % unnecessary B-1 Weekend/weekday use for middle range % ,300 unnecessary (Mon., Wed., B-2 Weekend/weekday use for close range 5 Fri. and Sun.) 9 % 23 7,820 unnecessary C-1 Daily use for ling range work trip % ,200 decrease (From Mon. to C-2 Daily use for short/middle range work trip 15 Fri.) 33 % 18 2,010 unnecessary (Ref. NEDO, Interim Report of Committee on PV-Powered Vehicles, January 2018) Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS WS@WCPEC-7, 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018

7 Expected economical benefit 経済的便益 [ 円 / 年台 ] [JPY/year/car] Expected CO2 削減効果 reduction [kg-co2/ of 年台 CO2 ] emission [kg-co2/year/car] A preliminary study on PV-powered vehicles 20,000 Environmental benefit compared to use of non-pv electricity, e.g. contribution to reduction of CO 2 emission, will depend on effective use of PV electricity generated onboard, as well as economical benefit ,000 10,000 5,000 Negative Positive effect Negativ e Positive effect , , , 車載 Contribution PVによって発電した電力のうち走行に利用可能な割合 of PV electricity to required electricity Contribution of PV electricity to required electricity [%] 車載 PVによって発電した電力のうち走行に利用可能な割合 [%] for driving [%] for driving [%] (Ref. NEDO, Interim Report of Committee on PV-Powered Vehicles, January 2018) Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS WS@WCPEC-7, 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June

8 Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 IEA PVPS Task17: PV and Transport Objectives Clarify expected/possible benefits and requirements for PV-powered vehicles Identify barriers and solutions to satisfy the requirements Propose directions for deployment of PV equipped charging stations Estimate the potential contribution of PV in transport To realize above in the market, contribute to accelerating communication and activities going ahead within stakeholders such as PV industry and transport industry

9 <Subtask 1> Benefits and requirements for PV-powered vehicles <Subtask 2> PV-powered applications for electric systems and infrastructures <Subtask 3> Potential contribution of PV in transport <Subtask 4> Dissemination Planned works

10 Scope of Subtask1 & 2 Subtask1 PV PV Powered Vehicle EV Battery Grid Subtask2 PV Charging Station Charge Storage Storage Charge FCV

11 Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 Subtask 1: Benefits and requirements for PV-powered vehicles (1) Context - In order to mitigate environmental impacts, promoting electrified vehicles is suggested. - How to directly use PV electricity for vehicles, and how to integrate PV components on board will be important. Scope - Subtask 1 will clarify expected/possible benefits and requirements for utilizing PV on board. <Target PV-powered vehicles> - Passenger cars - Others: Small vehicles, freight trucks, buses, trains, ships, etc.

12 Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 Subtask 1: Benefits and requirements for PV-powered vehicles (2) Objectives - To recognize current status and future potential - To identify requirements, barriers and solutions - To clarify expected contributions to energy and environment - To clarify expected benefits for users, industry and society - To compare to indirect PV use - To discuss potential of other PV-powered vehicles Activities 1.1: Overview and recognition of current status of PV-powered vehicles 1.2: Requirements, barriers and solutions for PV and vehicles 1.3: Possible contributions and benefits 1.4: Other possible PV-powered vehicles

13 Subtask 2: PV-powered applications for electric systems and infrastructures (1) Context For promoting electrification of vehicles, not only charging electricity by itself on board, but also charging renewable electricity at the environmental friendly infrastructure, e.g. PV-powered charging stations, will be feasible. Scope In order to utilize the PV in the transport effectively and widely, active combination between PV and electric systems including infrastructure with vehicles will be an effective approach. Subtask 2 will discuss electric systems using PV-powered vehicles and infrastructures. Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS WS@WCPEC-7, 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018

14 Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 Subtask 2: PV-powered applications for electric systems and infrastructures (2) Objectives - To identify requirements, barriers and solutions for PV-powered infrastructure such as charging station. - To clarify contributions and benefits by PV-powered infrastructure, and to compare them to using PV electricity not produced at the site. Activities 2.1: Overview and recognition of current status of PV-powered for EV charging infrastructure 2.2: Requirements, barriers and solutions for PV-powered infrastructure for EV charging

15 Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 Subtask 3: Potential contribution of PV in Transport Context A potential of PV market in the transport will be driving force for the further development of PV. New social models expected by innovational PV and Transport Scope In parallel with Subtask 1 and Subtask 2, Subtask 3 will develop a path for deployment of PV-powered vehicles and applications. Objectives - R&D scenario of PV-powered vehicles and applications - Deployment scenario of PV-powered vehicles and applications - Contribution to saving fossil-energy and reducing CO2 emissions - Social and business models

16 Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 Subtask 4: Dissemination Context Knowledge is disseminated to the general public and end users in a timely manner. Scope Information dissemination procedures effectively release key findings to stakeholders such as PV industry, transport industry, battery industry, and energy service provider. Objectives < Expected deliverables > - Technical reports based on proposed activities - Task brochure - Webinars and conference presentations - Workshop with stakeholders

17 Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018 Participating/potential countries (tentative) Japan (Operating Agent) The Netherlands Germany France (tbc) Belgium (tbc) Spain (tbc) Australia Morocco Korea China (tbc)

18 Please join us! Contact: Toshio HIROTA, Operating Agent of Task17 Waseda University, Japan Keiichi KOMOTO Mizuho Information & Research Institute, Japan Keiichi Komoto, IEA PVPS 'Towards PV based e-mobility, PVPS Task17: PV and Transport', 14 June 2018

Proposal for New Task X PV for Transport

Proposal for New Task X PV for Transport ~ summary of draft task concept paper ~ Hiroyuki YAMADA NEDO, Japan 49th MEETING EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Hampton Inn & Suites Denver - Downtown Convention Center Denver,