Model based analysis of the deployment of electric vehicle in the Paris Ile de France region

Transcription

1 Model based analysis of the deployment of electric vehicle in the Paris Ile de France region 66TH Semi-annual IEA-ETSAP meeting November, Copenhagen Edi Assoumou Jérôme Houël Jean-Paul Marmorat Mines ParisTech, PSL Research Univeristy Center for Applied Mathematics

2 Main problematic Problematic 1 Impact on the electric system (charging level) 2 Integration of EV in the transport system and mobility patterns Mobility focus Paris Ile de France Region CMA research November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 2/2

3 Main problematic Problematic 1 Impact on the electric system (charging level) 2 Integration of EV in the transport system and mobility patterns Mobility focus Paris Ile de France Region CMA research November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 2/2

4 Grand Paris Project EV-STEP : The Paris IDF local case study Agenda 1 Context 2 3 November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 3/2

5 Grand Paris Project EV-STEP : The Paris IDF local case study Agenda 1 Context Grand Paris Project EV-STEP : The Paris IDF local case study 2 3 November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 3/2

6 Grand Paris Project EV-STEP : The Paris IDF local case study The electric issues of Grand Paris Project Source : L approvisionnement énergétique du Grand Paris à l horizon 23, DRIEE, 213 Grand Paris Project exemple 18.3 % of the French population Habitation Transport Electricity demand Where When How Use Quantity Additional demand Subway 72 stations 4 MW Habitation 8, housing 8 MW Professional activities 1,, jobs 1, MW Data Center 5, m 2 1, MW Electric vehicles 1,, EV 5 MW Total 4 MW November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 4/2

7 Grand Paris Project EV-STEP : The Paris IDF local case study The electric issues of Grand Paris Project Source : L approvisionnement énergétique du Grand Paris à l horizon 23, DRIEE, 213 Grand Paris Project exemple 18.3 % of the French population Habitation Transport Electricity demand Where When How Use Quantity Additional demand Subway 72 stations 4 MW Habitation 8, housing 8 MW Professional activities 1,, jobs 1, MW Data Center 5, m 2 1, MW Electric vehicles 1,, EV 5 MW Total 4 MW November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 4/2

8 Grand Paris Project EV-STEP : The Paris IDF local case study The electric issues of Grand Paris Project Source : L approvisionnement énergétique du Grand Paris à l horizon 23, DRIEE, 213 Grand Paris Project exemple 18.3 % of the French population Habitation Transport Electricity demand Where When How Use Quantity Additional demand Subway 72 stations 4 MW Habitation 8, housing 8 MW Professional activities 1,, jobs 1, MW Data Center 5, m 2 1, MW Electric vehicles 1,, EV 5 MW Total 4 MW November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 4/2

9 Grand Paris Project EV-STEP : The Paris IDF local case study EV-STEP : The Paris IDF local case study Problem formulation for the local impact assessment for the Paris IDF area : EV-CAP Given... A set of trips and a fleet Battery, charging infrastructures, price signals... characteristics Compute... A feasible charging plan Minimize a cost function : e, tco 2, kw pic November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 5/2

10 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Agenda 1 Context 2 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results 3 November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 6/2

11 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Statistical analysis of the mobility trips in the Paris Ile de France region Source : Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Characterization of car drivers profiles in the Ile de France region Shed light on the potential demand for electric vehicles L enquête nationale transport et déplacements 28 The 5th survey at the national level since 1967 In IDF : 14,436 individuals interviewed for 42,13 trips Number of vehicles per household Distance, time, travel mode... November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 7/2

12 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Study parameters Local mobility (under 8 km) A working day Trips by car 3 main criteria studied 1 Number of trips per individual per day 2 Travel time of trips per individual per day 3 Distance of trips per individual per day November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 8/2

13 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Study parameters Local mobility (under 8 km) A working day Trips by car 3 main criteria studied 1 Number of trips per individual per day 2 Travel time of trips per individual per day 3 Distance of trips per individual per day November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 8/2

14 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Study parameters Local mobility (under 8 km) A working day Trips by car 3 main criteria studied 1 Number of trips per individual per day 2 Travel time of trips per individual per day 3 Distance of trips per individual per day November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 8/2

15 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Number of trips per individual per day (trip/pers/day) Based on Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Share (%) Île-de-France - trip/pers/day Area Aver SD IDF 3,31 56% Paris Petite-couronne Grande-couronne November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 9/2

16 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Number of trips per individual per day (trip/pers/day) Based on Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Share (%) Île-de-France - trip/pers/day Area Aver SD IDF 3,31 56% Paris 3 52% PC 3,15 59% GC 3,43 54% Paris Petite-couronne Grande-couronne November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 9/2

17 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Distance of trips per individual per day (km/pers/day) Based on Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Accumulated (%) Île-de-France - km/pers/day Average : 34.7 km Standard deviation : 9 % 3/4 : - 5 km 1/2 : + 1 km November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 1/2

18 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Travel time of trips per individual per day(min/pers/day) Based on Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Accumulated (%) Île-de-France - min/pers/day Average : 71,8 min Standard deviation : 73 % 2/3 : - 1h3 1/1 : + 3h November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 11/2

19 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Distribution of departure times Based on Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Share (%) Île-de-France - Departure time Begin at 6 AM Finish at 8 PM 2 main pics November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 12/2

20 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Analysis of departure times as a function of number of trips Based on Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, st trip nd trip Those who make their first trip in the morning and the second in the evening to their main activity rd trip th trip Those who use their cars at lunchtime November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 13/2

21 ENTD 28 Study parameters Mobility results Constrained and unconstrained trips Based on Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Share (%) Cont. No-Cont Departure time Work < >Home School < >Home The first 2 trips majority constrained Number, distance and times for no-constrained trip are twice important than constrained November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 14/2

22 Agenda Context Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule 1 Context 2 3 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 15/2

23 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Effects of changing conditions on the load curve 1 Geographical zones "IDF_ALL region" "Paris" "Petite couronne" "Grande couronne" 2 Price signals time of the day average 3 Charging levels 8 A 16 A 32 A 63 A 4 Preferential time of charge free supervised timing 5 V2G 6 Behavioral SOC min SOC max number of reload events 7 Vehicle types BEV PHEV3 PHEV6 November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 16/2

24 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Understanding the potential of electricity demand impact "Electricity transfers" in a V2G configuration Geographic impact Living in a place does not necessarily mean recharge there EV should be more develop in densely areas November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 17/2

25 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Understanding the potential of electricity demand impact "Electricity transfers" in a V2G configuration The structures which will ensure charging Recharging will be mostly in private location Not sure that infrastructure can correctly offer to make V2G November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 18/2

26 Conclusion Context Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Conclusion Tools to evaluate variability in usage/charging conditions at low time granularity are needed to complement deployment scenarios for electric vehicles Our load curve evaluation for the Paris Ile de France case study shows that fixed benchmarks curves can underestimate future impacts in both maximum power and time of occurrence November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 19/2

27 Model based analysis of the deployment of electric vehicle in the Paris Ile de France region 66TH Semi-annual IEA-ETSAP meeting November, Copenhagen Edi Assoumou Jérôme Houël Jean-Paul Marmorat Thank you for your attention

28 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Time between 2 trips Based on Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Time (min) Nb of trip To see if people would come to charge their car 33 min for those who do 2 trips, but with a very important standard deviation More the drivers travel in the day, less time they have between 2 trips Nb Share Time between Standard of trip % 2 trips (min) Deviation 2 44, , , , , , , , , , , ALL From 8 trips per day, the time between two trips varies around 5 November, min Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 21/2

29 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Le module optimisation Source : Local EV charging : a case study of the PARIS IDF area, ASSOUMOU & all, 214 November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 22/2

30 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Puissance appelée par véhicule Source : Local EV charging : a case study of the PARIS IDF area, ASSOUMOU & all, 214 November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 23/2

31 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Understanding the potential of electricity demand impact "Electricity transfers" in a V2G configuration The needs vary depending on the reasons of trip The charging demand should done at home, a slightly at work November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 24/2

32 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Analyse des valeurs extrêmes : nb de dep (dep/ind/jour) Réalisé à partir de l Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Part en % IDF les 2 % qui se déplacent le plus Part en % IDF les 2 % - Zone Nb ET Tps ET Dist ET IDF les 2 % - 1,81 22 % 5,2 72 % 27,6 98 % IDF les 2 % + 6,21 28 % 111,3 56 % 52,5 69 % November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 25/2

33 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Analyse des valeurs extrêmes : nb de dep (dep/ind/jour) Réalisé à partir de l Enquête Nationale Transport et Déplacements 28, MEDDE, 211 Part en % IDF les 2 % qui se déplacent le plus Part en % IDF les 2 % - Zone Nb ET Tps ET Dist ET IDF les 2 % - 1,81 22 % 5,2 72 % 27,6 98 % IDF les 2 % + 6,21 28 % 111,3 56 % 52,5 69 % November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 25/2

34 Effects of changing conditions on the load curve Load impact of an EV fleet in kw/vehicle Conclusion Le module optimisation Puissance appelée par véhicule Le module optimisation Source : Local EV charging : a case study of the PARIS IDF area, ASSOUMOU & all, 214 November, Copenhagen Jérôme Houël Analysis of the deployment of EV in the Paris IDF region 26/2