CERTS MicroGrid Symposium Northern Power Systems Update on Mad River MicroGrid and Related Activities

Transcription

1 CERTS MicroGrid Symposium Northern Power Systems Update on Mad River MicroGrid and Related Activities June 17,

2 MicroGrid Definition (NPS version) A MicroGrid power system: Is a local scale power system using micro source generation scaled either by electrical or thermal output to the local system demand. Can serve a customer with multiple load locations, an industrial park, or a campus. Is designed to transfer seamlessly between connection with the local utility and isolated operation. Provides power reliability and power quality benefits not available from the conventional utility grid system. Incorporates communication/aggregation features to allow organization and control of the MicroGrid power system as a single entity. 2

3 MicroGrid Benefits To Users or Customers: Economics Potential spark spread savings Thermal energy savings when CHP employed Potential for economic dispatch of generation assets Power reliability & availability Multiple generation assets Isolation from local grid problems Power quality Local voltage control Voltage and current harmonic improvement 3

4 MicroGrid Benefits To Utilities: Transmission and distribution support in constrained areas. Potential revenue from premium power product offered to customers. Potential revenue for thermal energy product in addition to electrical energy. Can behave as a single interruptible load. Can behave as a single dispatchable generation resource. 4

5 MicroGrid Benefits To Society: Potential for more efficient overall fuel use than traditional generation. Potential for reduced emissions compared to centralized utility system. Ability to allow high penetration of renewable generation. Increased security of overall power delivery infrastructure. 5

6 Barriers to Widespread Deployment Technical Limited availability of advanced DG options that compete economically with recip. engine generators. Lack of available power conversion systems with required advanced features needed to enable MicroGrid system operation. Need streamlined analysis tools for evaluating high penetration effects on distribution system. Need verified and recognized safety/protective relaying methods for both grid connected and isolated operation. 6

7 Barriers to Widespread Deployment Economic & Regulatory Emerging DG technologies must achieve aggressive commercialization and cost goals Need interconnection standards that address MicroGrid systems (intentional islanding) Utility policies create barriers to market; should be partners No comprehensive method in place to monetize combined benefits to users, utilities, and to society 7

8 Northern s Roadmap Continue current DG commercial activity On site generation with CHP, including critical load support Power reliability enhancements Fleet monitoring and dispatch of assets Develop key enabling technologies for advanced DG systems Advanced power electronics Fleet aggregation, monitoring and dispatch software System modeling tools Demonstrate MicroGrid feasibility Lab level 75kW MicroGrid system using power electronics based assets. Build and test full scale, real world MicroGrid systems. 8

9 Mad River Park MicroGrid System Design, install, and test MicroGrid system at Northern s industrial park. System Description 6 commercial and industrial facilities 12 residences Multiple generation assets 280kW, 100kW generator sets 30kW microturbine(s) Photovoltaic array MicroGrid isolation switch for islanded operation Overall Energy Management system DOE funding support for design and commissioning phases of program 9

10 Mad River MicroGrid One-Line NPS New Building (Lead MicroGrid Member) WEC (7200 V) 4-wire distribution with multigrounded N (534) PCC Control & Protective Relay Sw 10 kva each phase B FUSE-1729 (1729) N. Fayston Road residences: 3 houses 2 houses 4 houses 2 houses (533) 500 kva 3-phase MLD Critical Loads Bus lighting ET Lab and internal microgrid PV office loads Gen Bus MadGrid Controller GC GC 280 kw Propane Genset (UG219) PR UC 100 kw Biodiesel Genset Legend (535) WEC Element Name GC Generator Control UC Utility Control Commercial Customer 3 25 kva phase B (535) (UG214) Commercial Customer 2 Commercial Customer 1 (Autonomous MicroGrid Member) MT kva 3-phase 75 kva phase C NPS Old Building (Autonomous MicroGrid Member) GC 100 kw Biodiesel Genset Power Router Power Router MT Future Energy Storage MT Sw MicroTurbine Medium Voltage Switch kva 3-phase Commercial Customer 4 25 kva phase C Commercial Customer kva 3-phase PR Office and shop loads PR Protective Relay & Metering Commercial Customer 6 All 3-phase utility transformers are wye / wye connected with grounded neutrals Preliminary 1-Line Diagram 10

11 Needs Addressed by Mad River MicroGrid Project Identified need: Regulatory agencies and utilities lack experience base to deal with grid connected MicroGrid systems Program objectives to address need: Work through regulatory and legal issues on an actual MicroGrid system, and develop framework for future projects Use real world project to demonstrate the operation, protection, and control of MicroGrid power systems. Increase overall understanding of the operation of MicroGrid systems to enable wider market adoption 11

12 Needs Addressed by Mad River MicroGrid Project Identified need: Modeling and simulation methods available but little verification against real world MicroGrid systems Program objectives to address need: Develop simulation methods for streamlining the design and approval process Model overall MicroGrid system and its effect on the distribution system Verify analysis tools and modeling methods using a fully functional MicroGrid system 12

13 Needs Addressed by Mad River MicroGrid Project Identified need: Current interconnection standards don t address intentional islanding DER systems like MicroGrids Program objectives to address need: Demonstrate safety/protective relaying control methods for both grid connected and isolated operation in cooperation with utility partner Align work with activities of IEEE1547 intentional islanding subgroup Provide power quality and availability benefits to the power customers within the Mad River MicroGrid 13

14 Technical Approach Partner with local utility to establish operating modes and practices, safe service protocols Model overall distribution circuit to predict effects of MicroGrid system Design and install automated isolation switch in 7.2KV utility feed to allow MicroGrid islanded operation Install and commission DER assets Multiple conventional generator sets Inverter based generation (PV, microturbines) Provision for energy storage assets Flexibility for changing/upgrading DER asset mix over time Demonstrate all defined interconnected and islanded operating modes Demonstrate and document system operation in full automated mode 14

15 Mad River MicroGrid Modeling Developed overall distribution system model using PSCAD Substation Distribution lines and loads Utility voltage regulators MicroGrid isolation switch MicroGrid assets & controllers Simulated system response under multiple operating modes Baseline mode match MicroGrid output to critical load needs 0kW mode control MicroGrid to net zero power flow at PCC Export mode command generators to full rated output Simulated operation in normal and fault conditions Load flow in all modes of operation Single and three phase fault response Loss of load response 15

16 Distribution System - Moretown Circuit 150 kvar capacitor banks Moretown Substation: 3 x 1200 kva transformers, 3 x 150A autotransformer voltage regulator 3 x 100A autotransformer voltage regulator Mad River MicroGrid power network 16

17 Simplified Distribution Circuit Model XFMR221 3 x 1200 kva transformer kv delta / 7.6 kv wye Multi-grounded 4-wire distribution Z0 V0 OCR 9093 REG x 150A grounded wye autotransformer voltage regulator Z1 Z2 Z3 CAP99 50 kvar per phase wye B4 Duxbury Branch Z5 Z6 REG x 100A wye autotransformer voltage regulator Z7 Z8 CAP kvar per phase wye B9 Harwood Branch Z10 Z11 WEC MicroGrid 7200 / 480 V 500 kva Z14 SS Z21 Zgs B12 Center Fayston Branch B13 Airport Road Branch Z15 Z20 Z22 NPS old Z23 NPS new NPS Generators Vgs Z / 480 V Z17 Zmt Z17 Z18 Z19 Customer 1 Microturbine Vmt 17

18 Power Export Mode System Response y y PWEC(kW) Propane_EF (p.u.) Main,Utility : Graphs QWEC(kVAR) Biodiesel_EF (p.u.) Real & reactive power at PCC Gen. field reg. P.u. voltage VmadgridSS_A (rms p.u.) VmadgridSS_B (rms p.u.) VmadgridSS_C (rms p.u.) y VREG2 p.u. voltage setting 18

19 Loss of Load Case Center Fayston Branch y y Propane_Speed (p.u.) Propane_Tmech (p.u.) Biodiesel_Tmech (p.u.) Main : Graphs Main : Graphs Biodiesel_Speed (p.u.) Propane_TelecSS (p.u.) Biodiesel_TelecSS (p.u.) Generator p.u. speed y Electrical torque y 19 Main : Graphs VNPS_A (rms p.u) VNPS_B (rms p.u) VNPS_C (rms p.u) Generator p.u. voltage

20 Current Mad River MicroGrid Project Status Local and regional approvals in place Finalizing utility MOU Vermont PSB Certificate of Public Good review approval anticipated in August timeframe Preliminary system installation underway DER and isolation switch installation in Q System commissioning in Q

21 Interactions and Collaborations NREL Project funding support Technical Monitor: Ben Kroposki State of Vermont Public Service Board CPG review & approval Washington Electric Coop Interconnecting utility E-Pro Distribution system technical consulting Environmental consulting CPG testimony preparation Tarrant, Marks, & Gilles Legal representation Regulatory approval process support MicroGrid system power customers Active commercial members, with connected DER assets Passive commercial and residential members All members gain power quality/reliability benefits 21

22 Other Related Programs Universal DER interconnection device NREL/CEC support EnergyBridge energy storage system CEC/PIER support CERTS microgrid test bed development 22

23 Universal DER Interconnection Device Funding support through NREL/CEC Distributed Power program DER SWITCH project objective: Develop a DER Utility Interface System that provides a flexible, universal interface for connecting single or multiple DER systems to the utility DER SWITCH project scope: Incorporate multiple control and power switching functions to interconnect multiple DER assets into overall system Minimize custom engineering and site-specific approval processes Applicable to DER assets with conventional generators or power converters Modular system for maximum flexibility, with control, power and communication modules 23

24 Universal DER Interconnection Device Area Electric Power System Flexible DER Interface System PR MTR PCC SG PD L M&D MTR PCC SG PD PR M&D PM GE PC LC L Meter Point of common coupling Switch gear (Power module) Power distribution (Power module) Protective relaying (Control module) Monitoring & dispatch (Comm. module) Prime mover DER Generator Power Conversion Local DER device control Loads Power Network Aware DER Asset M&D WEB PM GE PC LC L M&D PM GE PC LC 24 DER Power Network Block Diagram

25 EnergyBridge Energy Storage System Funding support through CEC/PIER Advanced Energy Storage program Ultracapacitor-based energy storage asset Focused on short time duration 10s of seconds, 95% of outage cases Multiple applications & benefits: Power quality support for critical loads Support of slower response DG assets in MicroGrids Enables higher penetration of DG into both grid connected and isolated grids 25

26 Palmdale Power System Water Treatment Plant Loads 495 kw Treatment Plant Loads kw Future Loads 50 kw 225 kw 225 kw Ultracapacitor EnergyBridge 2 x 225 kw PQM Fast Switch Clearwell Critical Loads ~400 kw Ave S Booster Loads kw Hypochlorite Treatment 175 kw Diesel Back-up 1000 kw PQM Wind Turbine 950 kw NG Genset 200 kw Hydro 250 kw PQM Clearwell Other Loads 360+ kw Diesel Back-up 800 kw M M SCE Utility Grid Energy Storage Enhanced MicroGrid Network 26

27 Other Related Development Activity Advanced power converter development DER applications Wind turbine applications SmartView DER energy management system 27

28 Advanced Power Electronics Power converter development by NPS team 100 kw wind turbine converter system 15 kw MicroGrid inverter test bed 1500 kw DDPM wind turbine converter 2200 kw DDPM modular wind turbine converter 850 kw DG converter 450 kw energy storage system converter 28

29 MicroGrid Power Network Test System Disconnect 480 Vac 208 Vac 480 Vac 208 Vac 480 Vac 208 Vac Load Load Load DG Inverters #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Rectifiers DG (Diesel Genset) Disconnect 29

30 Modular MW converter for DG & wind markets 30

31 SmartView DER Management System Northern system for monitoring and controlling remote power systems 31

32 For more information, contact: Jonathan Lynch (802) ext. 224 Northern Power Systems 182 Mad River Park Waitsfield, Vermont USA 32