THE WONDERS AND THREATS OF THE INTERCONNECTED WORLD

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1 THE WONDERS AND THREATS OF THE INTERCONNECTED WORLD Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, The Edgar L. and Harold H. Buttner Chair of EECS, University of California at Berkeley

2 The Emerging IT Scene! Infrastructural core The Cloud! Sensory swarm Mobile access 2 Courtesy: J. Rabaey

3 Computers and mobiles to disappear! Predictions: 7 trillions devices servicing 7 billion people! 1,000 devices per person by 2025 The Immersed Human Real-life interaction between humans and cyberspace, enabled by enriched input and output devices on and in the body and in the surrounding environment

Intelligent systems that gather, synthesize and apply information will change the way entire industries operate.

as well as related systems including energy and chemical Water treatment.

positively influencing related Congestion systems.

4 Intelligent systems that gather, synthesize and apply information will change the way entire industries operate. Smart water Apply monitoring and management technologies to help optimize the availability, delivery, use, and quality of water as well as related systems including energy and chemical Water treatment. Chemicals Smart traffic Use real-time traffic prediction and dynamic tolling to reduce congestion and its byproducts while positively influencing related Congestion systems. Energy Smart energy Analyze customer usage and provide customized products and services that help to boost efficiency from the source through the grid to the end user. Energy grid Carbon emissions Carbon emissions Energy Noise pollution Energy sources Public transportation Smart home 4

5 Industrial Internet (GE), Industry 4.0 (Germany)

6 Numbers are HUGE As many as 50 billion devices will be connected to the Internet by 2020, creating a $14.4 trillion business opportunity, said Rob Lloyd, president of sales and development at Cisco.

7 VEHICLE IS PART OF A CONNECTED ECO-SYSTEM Internet Back Office Backend Call Center GPS Satellite Uplink Satellite Broadcast AutoNet or Verizon MiFi Cellular Geo-syncing Location In-Car Access Point Wi-Fi Cellular Embedded Link Smartphone V2I V2V VII VSC-CAMP ITS Demos CICAS

8 The Car of the Future: is it still a Car? TODAY FUTURE

Google Car Google's robotic cars have about $150,000 in equipment including a $70,000 LIDAR (laser radar) system. The range finder mounted on the top is a Velodyne 64-beam laser.

9 Google Car Google's robotic cars have about $150,000 in equipment including a $70,000 LIDAR (laser radar) system. The range finder mounted on the top is a Velodyne 64-beam laser. This laser allows the vehicle to generate a detailed 3D map of its environment. The car then takes these generated maps and combines them with high-resolution maps of the world, producing different types of data models that allow it to drive itself.

10 It is a reality!!!

11 Is Everything OK?

12 The Human Intranet Sensors Processing Unit Data or Information Communication Information Retrieval Feedback

13 Multiple System Configurations FOR IN-CLINIC AND REMOTE MONITORING WiPP Based Universal Patches WiFi, UWB 1 2 WiFi WiPP AP HOSPITAL / CLINIC BIG DATA Secure Cloud and Data Center Wi-Fi Devices AMBULATORY / REMOTE Healthcare Providers

14 The BRAIN Initiative The White House Office of the Press Secretary For Immediate Release April 02, 2013 Fact Sheet: BRAIN Initiative Today, our scientists are mapping the human brain to unlock the answers to Alzheimer s Now is not the time to gut these job-creating investments in science and innovation. Now is the time to reach a level of research and development not seen since the height of the Space Race. - President Barack Obama, 2013 State of the Union

15 CyberBiological Systems (BioCyber) Linking the Cyber and Biological Worlds Examples: Telesurgery, Body-area networks, health diagnostics, drug delivery, brain-machine interfaces,

16 Towards Integrated Wireless Implanted Interfaces: Internet of Things and. Humans Moving the state-of-the-art in wireless sensing clock regulator memory Tx DSP LNA ADC electrodes [Illustration art: Subbu Venkatraman] Power budget: mws to 1 mw

17 Brain-Machine Interfaces [Lebedev, SA, 2006] [Sources: National Institutes of Health, Neurology journal] [ Nicolelis, Nature, 2001]

Cortera offers a catalog of configuration options ranging from small electrode pitches 100μm to large area

19 Cortera Neurotechnologies Cortera s HD-μECoG arrays are an optimal solution for high-resolution subdural or epidural neural recordings. Cortera offers a catalog of configuration options ranging from small electrode pitches 100μm to large area coverage ( 1cm 2 ), and supports full designs customization. All electrodes are patterned on ultra-thin, transparent, biocompatible polymer, and are highly conformal, which ensures optimal tissue coupling.

20 Potential Problems Invasiveness Rejection Difficult implantation process Power sourcing Heat creation Misuse Privacy Security

21 Trust-worthy Computing: Vehicle Cybersecurity Modern vehicles are complex, networked Information Technology (IT) systems that comprise an increasingly sophisticated array of sensors and control processors connected by internal communication networks Vehicles are networked entities that exist in cyberspace much like any other computational node, PC, tablet, or smartphone As more and more technology is introduced into automobiles, the threat of malicious software and hardware manipulation increases Increasing connectivity and complexity is greatly expanding the attack surface of our systems Recent work has demonstrated potential security weaknesses in vehicles Comprehensive Experimental Analyses of Automotive Attack Surfaces, S. Checkoway et al.,uc San Diego, K. Koscher, et al, U. of Washington IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy in Oakland, CA on May 19, 2010.

22 Surface of attack 22

23 Final words Arcimboldo: The Librarian G. De Chirico: The Philosphers

24 Practice

25 Design Challenges: Plug and Play? Plug and Pray! 25

26 Science: Principles not Techniques

27 Conclusion Internet of Things, Systems of Systems, Cyber Physical Systems, Swarms are here to stay LARGE potential for a novel ecosystem Complex industrial relatioships Necessary to partner Players in all aspects of IoT and research centers (MANY open problems)

Assemblea Nazionale

Assemblea Nazionale 29.11.2018 LE PERSONE - I DATI - LE TECNOLOGIE Mobility - Security, Government - Inclusion: quali sono le sfide e gli scenari che ci attendono? MOBILITY Alberto SANGIOVANNI VINCENTELLI