Virginia Tech Research Center Arlington, Virginia, USA. PPT slides will be available at

Transcription

1 SMART BUILDINGS & A SMART CITY CONNECTED COMMUNITY Guest Professor Inaugural Lecture at Tsinghua University Professor Saifur Rahman Director, Virginia Tech Advanced Research Inst., USA President-elect, IEEE Power & Energy Society Beijing 23 May 2017 Virginia Tech Research Center Arlington, Virginia, USA PPT slides will be available at

2 Confucius What I hear, I forget What I see, I remember What I do, I understand 3 From Smart Buildings to Smart Grid Smart Grid Smart City Smart Campus Smart Buildings Smart grid: Bi-directional flows of energy, remote control/automation of power, integrated distributed energy Smart city: Complex system of interconnected infrastructures and services Smart Campus: A collection of buildings managed by the same facility manager Smart buildings: Intelligent building automation systems, smart devices, productive users, grid integration Supported by ICT and distributed networks of intelligent sensors, data centers/clouds 4 2

3 Control at a Smart Building Level 5 Smart Buildings A smart building connects the building automation system with building operations, such as HVAC, lighting, water supply, sensor network and fire emergency. Implementing smart building solutions can provide: up to 30% savings of water usage up to 40% savings of energy usage reduce building maintenance costs by percent Source: Smart Building Market To Grow 30% by 2020, December

4 Smart Building & IoT Evolution < Building Control HVAC control Lighting control Building Automation Building management Building control Building Performance Energy management Remote monitoring Remote control Smart Building Intelligent buildings Green buildings Grid integration Internet of Thing (IoT) Connected Devices 0.2 billions 6.92 billions 50 billions Building Energy Management Software, US DOE 8 4

5 An Open Architecture Platform for Building Energy Management BEMOSS is a Building Energy Management Open Source Software (BEMOSS) solution that is engineered to improve sensing and control of equipment in small- and medium-sized commercial buildings. BEMOSS BEMOSS monitoring and control: Three major loads in buildings HVAC Lighting loads Plug loads BEMOSS value: Improves energy efficiency and facilitates demand response implementation in buildings. 9 BEMOSS Interoperability Communication Technologies q Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) q Serial Interface (RS-485) q ZigBee (IEEE ) q WiFi (IEEE ) RS-485 Data Exchange Protocols q BACnet (IP and MS/TP) q Modbus (RTU and TCP) WEB q Web (e.g., XML, JSON, RSS/Atom) q ZigBee API q Smart Energy (SE) q OpenADR (Open Automated Demand Response) Smart Energy Profile (SEP) 10 5

6 BEMOSS Plug & Play BEMOSS automatically discovers new load controllers deployed in a building Sensors/ CT50 (WiFi) CT80 (ZigBee SE) ICM (WiFi) Nest (WiFi) HVAC Load Controllers 11 CT30 (WiFi) VAV controller (Modbus) RTU (Modbus) Philips Hue (WiFi) BEMOSS Core Light switch (WiFi) Lighting load controller (BACnet) Lighting Load Controllers Step-dimmed ballast (ZigBee) Smart plug (WiFi) PowerMeters Power meter (Modbus) Power meter (BACnet/M odbus) Light sensor (BACnet) Occupancy sensor (BACnet) Plug load controller (BACnet) Smart plug (ZigBee) Plug Load Controllers 11 BEMOSS: Solutions for Small Buildings BEMOSS Core HVAC Controllers Plug Load Controllers ZigBee mesh ZigBee mesh 12 Lighting Load Controllers 12 6

7 Scaled-up BEMOSS Applications BEMOSS Core Floor 2 Floor 1 BEMOSS Zone 2 BEMOSS Zone 1 13 Remote Access Each BEMOSS node is connected to the Internet to allow remote access. 14 7

8 Classroom under Real-time Monitoring Power meter Environmental sensor (CO2, noise, temperature) BEMOSS core Thermostat Motion sensor Plug load controller 15 Indoor Environmental Monitoring Weather Sensor Integration 16 8

9 Smart Light Intensity Control 17 Energy Savings by Controlling Light intensity Based on occupant requirements, light intensity level was reduced during October December Results indicate the average kwh savings of about 34%. Month Total Measured Energy Consumption (kwh) Total Calculated Energy Consumption without Dimming (kwh) Energy Savings by Dimming (%) October % November % December % Total (October- December) % Note: Scheduled dimming level from 6:30am to 9:00pm. Open office area A: 50%; Open office area B: 45%; Chief office s desk area: 60%; Chief office s meeting area: 50%; Conference room A: 50%; Conference room B: 45%. Lights are off after 9:00pm. 18 9

10 Retail Office Building 19 June 6, 2016: day-time cool set point 21 deg C. Electricity Savings May 27, 2016: day-time cool set point 24 deg C. Case Day-time cool set point Total daily energy usage June 6, deg C 52.1 kwh May 27, deg C 44.7 kwh Electricity Savings 7.4 kwh (14.2%) 20 10

11 BEMOSS Monitoring & Control of EV Charging Solar PV System in BEMOSS Platform Roof-top Solar at Virginia Tech Arlington Research Center 22 11

12 Battery Storage Data Access from BEMOSS 23 Battery Storage Project at Virginia Tech in Alexandria, VA Battery Cells 5 kw 12 kwh 24 12

13 Peak kw reduced 25 Battery Storage Monitoring & Control 26 13

14 Smart Campus A smart campus has a set of interconnected buildings: Maintain real-time data on usage profiles Buildings communicate with each other Dynamically allocate electricity resources to minimize peak load Smart Cities Smart cities address urban challenges such as pollution, energy efficiency, security, parking, traffic, transportation, and others by utilizing advanced technologies in data gathering and communications interconnectivity. Source: Internet of Things Philippines Inc., December

15 Smart City A neighborhood in a smart city: A smart traffic crossing sensitive to traffic volume Synchronized traffic lights for smooth flow Emergency vehicle priority access Demand-sensitive LED Lighting Project #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #

16 Existing HPS Lamps (Dec 2010) HPS vs LED New LED Lamps (June 2012) People/cars are clearly visible under the white LED light. 31 Light Intensity = 80% 32 16

17 Comparison of kw Consumptions 4 Power Consumption (kw) Motion Sensors waking up LED streetlights from 50% to full brightness during 11:00pm to 4:00am. 0 5:00 PM 6:30 PM 8:00 PM 9:30 PM 11:00 PM 12:30 AM 2:00 AM 3:30 AM 5:00 AM 6:30 AM 8:00 AM HPS vs LED Monthly Electricity Consumption 1,800 1,600 Average electricity savings of 75% was experienced after the installation. Avoided CO2 emission was 6,127 kg/year. 1,400 Monthly Electricity Consumption (kwh) 1,200 1, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec HPS (2011) 1,510 1,289 1,300 1,116 1, ,123 1,210 1,384 1,444 1,552 LED (2012)

18 BEMOSS is an open-architecture platformfor monitoring and controlling IoT devices Plug Load Security Camera Lighting Load Solar PV/ Battery HVAC Load Power Meter Transitioning from a Research Project to a Commercial Enterprise 36 18

19 Transitioning into a Business 37 Building Energy Management Open Source Software (BEMOSS) Open Source Version at: Commercial Version (BEMOSS -plus) at:

20 Thank You! Professor Saifur Rahman Director, Advanced Research Institute 20