ANALYZING THE NEED FOR. PUBLIC TRANSPORT A Case Study Of Kerian District, Perak.

Transcription

1 ANALYZING THE NEED FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT A Case Study Of Kerian District, Perak.

2 KERIAN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM Contribution of public transportation: Creating competitive economic activities and liveable environment for communities. Increasing access to jobs opportunities, public facilities and social amenities. Developing key strategies, planning, operational data and issues relevant to the current status, potential issues, and future directions of public transportation in Kerian District. This research: Consisting of literature review, data analysis and findings of public transport study in the District of Kerian, Perak Darul Ridzuan. Studying existing public transport scenarios in August 2012 to November 2012 Containing information and analyses that contributes to a cohesive vision for a future transportation system in rural areas. KRA 4 - mudah capai dan efisien kos yang bersesuaian integrasi, kebolehsampaian dan kualiti sistem memperbaiki masa perjalanan, kebolehpercayaan dan keselesaan.

3 INTRODUCTION Perak Amanjaya Development Plan Public transport current issues: Integration between modes, infrastructure and facilities Accessibility and efficiency, improvements to the quality of services Level of services

4 AIM AND OBJECTIVES: Aim: KRA 4 Strategies and Objectives : 1. To identify the existing of public transportation systems and services provided in Kerian District. 2. To analyze the potential public transportation system and gap of demand and supply of public transportation in the study area 3. To propose community friendly and reasonable public transportation services for the benefits of the residents of Kerian. 4. To provide recommendations and suggestions for better public transportation services

5 SCOPE The scope to covered by the research are limited only to the following: i. Capacity ii. Passenger Catchment Area iii. Route iv. Facilities KEY FEATURES OF PROJECT Integrated public transportation Public transport operation and development

6 SURVEY REQUIREMENT DATA SCOPE SOURCE OUTPUT a. time headway (minute), b. cycle time (minute), c. number of trips (trip/bus/day), and d. travel distance (km/bus/day). Operator and operating system Fare and Ticketing Route and Scheduling Terminal and Bus Stop Facilities Operating Speed in Mixed Traffic Stage Bus Service Characteristics Regularity of Bus Service Capacity Passenger Catchment Area Route Facilities Bus / taxi / terminal operator Bus & taxi route network Frequencies table for bus & taxi operators, fares, schedule

7 FIELD SURVEY CHECKLIST DATA Primary data on bus/taxi operation system TYPES OF SURVEY Service frequency survey WHAT TO FIND a. time headway (minute), b. cycle time (minute), c. number of trips (trip/bus/day), and d. travel distance (km/bus/day). EQUIPMENT i. Stationeries ii. Set of questions iii. Survey form iv. Camera v. Road map of Kerian city NO OF PERSON 1 or 2 TIME FRAME 2 days (minimum) Primary data on bus/taxi route and scheduling Onboard survey a. bus stop distance b. time of departure c. number stop point/bus stop d. bus route i. Stationeries ii. Set of questions iii. Survey form iv. Camera v. GPS (Garmin) vi. Road map of Kerian city 1-3 Repeatedly between two terminals

8 DATA REQUIRED CHECKLIST Source Report of Findings of Kerian Local Plan (Laporan Penemuan RT Kerian) Bus operator Taxi operator KTMB Area of studies Existing transport infrastructure in Kerian - Bus and taxi terminal - Bus stops - Train stations - Interchange facilities Parking facilities in Kerian Bus route within Kerian and outer Kerian - Travel distance Bus fares and ticketing Bus capacity - Rolling stocks - Demand - Schedule and frequency - Issues and problems Taxi route within Kerian and outer Kerian - Travel distance Taxi fares Taxi capacity - Rolling stocks - Demand - Schedule and frequency - Issues and problems Train route within Kerian and outer Kerian - Travel distance Train fares Train capacity - Rolling stocks - Demand - Schedule and frequency - Issues and problems Existing bus station of Kerian - Existing facilities photos - Existing condition of bus station photos - Existing bus condition photos

9 RESEARCH MILESTONES AND DELIVERABLES Research activities Finalising proposal Literature review Inception report Data collection Data cleaning Data analysis Interim report Report writing Technical report First draft Final drafts 2012 August September October November December

10 STUDY AREA Legend District Boundary Town and Village Boundary Main Road

11 TRANSPORT PLANNING POLICY IN KERIAN LOCAL PLAN 2020 Thrust Kerian Local Plan 2020 no. 4.1 Kerian District as an Integrated International Transit Centre [page 4-2] 4.2 To upgrade and integrate rail based transport with other modes [page 4-4] 4.3 To create a comprehensive, reliable and convenience public transportation. [page 4-6] Local Plan measures Upgrading the Parit Buntar and Bagan Serai station facilities parallel with the proposed of double-track route. Developed Utara Malaysia Airport Terminal (UMAT) as an international airport equipped with facilities for international passenger and cargo. Proposed to construct an elevated interchange at Alor Pangsu to provide direct access to Kerian Distrcit from PLUS highway. Redevelop the Parit Buntar and Bagan Serai station as transit centers To build a halt at Bukit Merah as a new train station. To provide bus and taxi stops at the train station (Transit Center) To integrate the UMAT proposal with Kerian District transit center which are Parit Buntar and Bagan Serai station. Increase the level of public transport services with the construction of the Parit Buntar and Bagan Serai Bus and Taxi Integrated Public Transport Terminal Adding bus routes throughout the main settlement centers and tourist attractions at Kerian District Provide bus routes within Parit Buntar city Source: Kerian District Draft Local Plan 2020

12 OUTCOME OF STUDY The findings : a set of alternatives in improving the public transport system in Kerian. KRAs can be assessed : the services levels including rolling stocks, scheduling and dispatching, public transport information systems and station facilties. Recommendations : service providers, decision makers, stakeholer to efficient and effective systems : users to visualize the best alternatives for the operations benefit. Tangible outcomes are: Outlining the existing conditions public transportation services in Kerian. Highlighting the impacts of public transport towards Kerian s residents. Providing recommendations and suggestions for the provision of existing and new facilities of public transportation system. Systematically documenting the current progress of management and operation of data gathering, processing, and analysis and dissemination system pertaining to the public transportation services in the future.

13 THE NEEDS OF EFFICIENT PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN URBAN AREA Transport system : contributes to the economy GDP, employment, access to jobs, residential and facilities integrated and sustainable : economic growth ameliorate: traffic congestion, and difficulties in spatial access to economic opportunities. Evaluate: sustainability assessment in assessing the practicality, level of sustainability and its feasibility for the current and future needs. Transportation planning to confirm the projection and the management of spatial resources of land can be maximized with the concern of environmental, social and economic needs. LITERATURE REVIEW

14 CONT... urbanization process - nurtures the growth of population and it basic needs. transportation facilitate - mobility of people and goods, becomes the main urbanization activities. Zegras (2005) - creates economics, social and environmental impacts. integration approach - all aspects and stakeholders - Spurs rapid growth of development in urban areas.

15 CONT... Issues - limitation of facilities, the use of low quality mode of public transport, inconvenience of fleets, low passenger trips and long waiting time (Suwardo, M. Napiah, and I. Kamaruddin, 2007). - a large number of trips produced can increase the traffic together with the low growth of road length and the inadequate facility of public transport - alternative of using public transport is to reduce the traffic volume. development of public transport should be done through the approaches of: Accessible and affordable public transport Increasing tourist arrival to Perak need for better public transport Transport management in which promoting of public transport use Encouraging public/private participation in transportation development

16 CONT... A.Hull (2005) - sustainable strategies should overcome the lack of integration, divergent agendas and lack of fit between disciplinary and administrative policy areas. sustainability agenda as key drivers. key dimensions of sustainable transport are correlation of economic, social and environment. Economic activities, sustaining of goods, services and people mobility (Litman and Burwell, 2004). sustainable transport safeguard the environment and balance the social equity through resources management, environmental protection, safety and health, and accessibility for the people

17 LEVEL OF SERVICE FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SERVICE System for measuring performance Level of Service (LOS) 1) speed and travel time 2) freedom to maneuver 3) traffic interruptions 4) comfort & convenience 5) level of facility or service or quality of traffic flow (Table 4)

18 CONT... LOS A B C Basic Criteria of Measurement i. Free flow ii. Low traffic volume & high speed iii. Traffic density is low iv. Little or no restrictions in manoeuvrability due to absence of other vehicles v. Little or no delay vi. Ratio of v/c is very low i. Stable flow ii. Operating speed begins to be restricted iii. Traffic volume begins to increase iv. Delay time begins to increase v. Driving comfort and convenience i. Still in stable flow ii. Speed and manoeuvrability of vehicles are more closely controlled by higher traffic volume iii. Driving comfort and convenience begins to decrease D E F i. Approaches unstable flow ii. Tolerable operating speed iii. Delay time begins to increase iv. Little freedom to manoeuvre v. Traffic volume begins to approach road capacity vi. Driving comfort and convenience are low i. Unstable flow ii. Lower operating speed than LOS D iii. Traffic volume near to road capacity iv. Driving comfort and conveniences are very low v. More frequent stoppages of vehicles i. Forced flow operation ii. Very low speed iii. Traffic volume at or more than road capacity iv. Queuing of vehicles v. Stoppages of vehicles are very frequent (stop & go) vi. Traffic density is very high

19 CONT... Variables to be measured in the quantitative Overall public bus passengers satisfaction Future demand for public bus service Passengers anticipation on route, frequency and fare Variables to be collected in GPS survey Distance Drop off point Time of trip Possible determination of LOS in Kerian Fixed-route Service Frequency LOS Fixed-route Hour of Service LOS LOS Scheme for transit speed Passengers Loading LOS Thresholds (Offpeak) Service Frequency LOS Thresholds (Offpeak) To create an excellent public transport system in Kerian, route expansion and route diversification can be the best approaches to sustain the mobility and serve the citizen future needs. Integration of types of public transport service also will contributes on the effectiveness and efficiency of the overall system.

20 FINDINGS OF RESEARCH (SUMMARY)

21 PASSENGERS PERCEPTION OF SERVICES Overall AVERAGE/MEDIUM satisfaction POTENTIAL EXPANSION of demand for public bus service Identified ROUTES, FREQUENCY AND FARE GENERATION GAPS in perception and expectation Level of Services D/E are of concerns, namely FLEET NUMBER AND QUALITY, FREQUENCY and ADHERENCE TO SCHEDULE, SAFETY of passengers during alighting/drop-off But, vehicles conditions, interior and exteriors, fares and capacity are NOT of great concerns SHELTERS conditions Imperfect and limited INFORMATION on services

22 DEMAND VS SUPPLY Demand (DD) i. There were gap in the age of users and this generation gap is significant in determining the future demand of bus service. ii. Older respondents were more incline to have more frequent trips rather than improvement of the physical condition of the buses (better exterior and interior of the buses and installation of air conditional system). iii. Occupancy of bus service during off-peak was 80% from 44 sit and 16 standing offered. This clearly shows that there is high demand for public transport even though the survey was conducted during off-peak hour iv. Passengers declined to disclose their real income level. For those who are willing to disclose their income, the range on average is between RM400 to RM700. This showed that the users were considered from low income group because the national average for low income (poor) is RM500. v. Most of passengers were aware of the frequency of bus trip and the schedule and they usually did not refer to the bus schedule. vi. vii. Most of the bus stops were with shelter and seating area. Fare for taxi service is expensive and no meter system were used for taxi services in Kerian. Supply (SS) i. Route to Selama has been discontinued ii. LOS of Bus service is grade A/C/D/E iii. LOS of paratransit is grade A iv. LOS of train service is grade A/D v. During the survey, there were three occasions where the buses failed to start. These buses need proper and continuing maintenance and some may need to be overhaul. Some of the buses have registration number started with AHQ and ACQ which showed that these buses were quite old. vi. Bus layby was not clear and proper drop-off area were not designated by the bus operators. Most of the drivers would stop their passengers anywhere on the roadside. This can be dangerous and can create accident to road users. vii. The overall road network in Kerian is good with dual lane and dual carriageway viii. The Bus stop is in minimal design with minimal shelter. There is not protection for the users during heavy rain. ix. Intercity public bus service is good x. Train service is good based on visual inspection xi. Illegal van services were many and there is no approval for the operation of these vans. This finding is based on site observation only. xii. There is flexible time and destination offered by the taxi service xiii. The Fare is disclosed on board at the bus station and taxi station xiv. Based on site observation, there is delay on bus trip. Some of the buses were delay more than 30 minutes and in one instances, the bus was delay for more than 1 hour. xv. There is door to door services by the buses along the route trip. This may be due to the takeoff and alight point were not designated by the bus operators.

23 MATRIX OF LOS FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES IN KERIAN Criteria Mark Bus Service Taxi Service Train Service R3 R5 R8 Statio n 1 Station 2 Station Bagan Serai Fixed-route Service Frequency LOS A A C - - D D Fixed-route Hour of Service LOS D D C - - A A LOS Scheme for transit speed D E E Passengers Loading LOS Thresholds (Off-peak) A A C A A - - Service Frequency LOS Thresholds (Off-peak) E E E A A - - Station Parit Buntar Source: Data Collection, November 2012.

24 LEGEND: Passengers Loading LOS Thresholds LOS Passengers per Seat Comments A No passenger need to sit next to another B Passengers can choose where to sit C All passengers can sit D * Comfortable standee load for urban transit E * Maximum schedule load for urban transit F >1.50* Crush load *approximate values for comparison Source: Transport Research Board of National Academics TCRP Report 100 (TCQSM 2003) as cited in Madzlan Napiah, Amirah Suriati Ahmad Farid and Suwardo (2010) Service Frequency LOS Thresholds LOS Passengers per Frequency Comments Seat (buses/hour) A <10.6 Passengers do not need schedules B Frequent service, passengers consult schedules C Maximum desirable time to wait if bus missed D Service unattractive to choice riders E Service available during the hour F >60 <1 Service unattractive to all riders Source: Transport Research Board of National Academics TCRP Report 100 (TCQSM 2003) as cited in Madzlan Napiah, Amirah Suriati Ahmad Farid and Suwardo (2010)

25 LEGEND: LOS Scheme for transit speed LOS Transit speed as % of Description of LOS automobile speed A >87.5 Transit trip can be considered at as fast as automobile B Transit trip barely noticeably longer C Transit trip slightly longer D Transit trip longer E Transit trip at least twice as long F Transit trip at least Source: Herman Orth, Robert Dorbritz and Ulrich Weidmann, 2011, Public Transport Capacity and Quality- Development of an LOS-Based Evaluation Scheme Fixed-route Service Frequency LOS LOS Average Headway Comments Vehicle per hour (min) A <10 >6 Passengers do not need schedules B Frequent service, passengers consult schedules C Maximum desirable time to wait if bus/train missed D Service unattractive to choice riders E Service available during the hour F >60 <1 Service unattractive to all riders Source: Noorfakhriah and Madzlan, 2001, p.5 Fixed-route Hour of Service LOS LOS Hours of service Comments A Night owl service provided B Late evening service provided C Early evening service provided D Daytime service provided E 4-11 Peak hour service only or limited midday service F 0-3 Very limited or no service Source: Noorfakhriah and Madzlan, 2001, p.6

26 FINDINGS OF RESEARCH (PUBLIC BUS)

27 INTRA-CITY BUS FREQUENCY Route No. Route No. of buses Frequency (min) Distance (km) Journey time (min) Bus service at Parit Buntar station A Parit Buntar-Taiping B Parit Buntar-Kuala Kurau C Parit Buntar-Tanjung Piandang Bus service at Bagan Serai station A Bagan Serai-Tanjung Piandang B Bagan Serai-Kuala Kurau Sources : Kerian District Draft Local Plan 202

28 BUS FARE FROM PARIT BUNTAR TO TAIPING (R8) Parit Buntar Parit Buntar Simpang Simpang 5 Sg. Bogak Sg. Bogak Bagai Serai Bagan Serai Masjid Tinggi Masjid Tinggi Sungai Gedong Sungai Gedong Simpang Simpang 4 Semanggol Semanggol Jln Aik Estate Jalan Aik Estate Krian Road Krian Road Kamunting (Lama) Kamunting (Lama) Taiping Taiping Source: Red Omnibus Co. Sdn. Bhd, 2012 FARE: RM1.00 to RM5.20

29 BUS FARE FROM PARIT BUNTAR TO R3 AND R5 Table 16: Bus Fare From Parit Buntar to Kuala Kurau (R3) Parit Buntar Parit Buntar Simpang Simpang 5 Batu Batu 5 Batu Batu 7 Simpang Simpang 3 Kuala Kurau Kuala Kurau Table 17: Bus Fare From Parit Buntar to Tanjung Piandang (R5) Parit Buntar Parit Buntar Parit Kasa 1.00 Parit Kasa Sungai Bakau Sungai Bakau Sungai Kota Sungai Kota Bagan Tiang Bagan Tiang Tanjung Piandang Tanjung Piandang FARE: RM0.80 to RM2.20 Source: Red Omnibus Co. Sdn. Bhd, 2012

30 BUS ROUTE SCHEDULE Table 18: Bus Route 8 Parit Buntar -Taiping Schedule 6.00 am 9.30 am 1.00 pm 4.30 pm 6.30 am am 1.30 pm 5.00 pm 7.00 am am 2.00 pm 5.25 pm 7.30 am am 2.30 pm 5.50 pm 8.00 am am 3.00 pm 6.30 pm 8.30 am pm 3.30 pm 7.30 pm 9.00 am pm 4.00 pm 8.30 pm Table 19: Bus Route 5 Parit Buntar Tanjung Piandang Schedule 6.10 am am 3.00 pm 7.30 pm 7.30 am pm 4.30 pm 9.00 am 1.30 pm 6.20 pm Table 20: Bus Route 3 Parit Buntar Kuala Kurau 6.10 am am 2.10 pm 6.10 pm 7.30 am am 3.30 pm 7.30 pm 8.00 am pm 4.50 pm OPERATIONAL SERVICE : Source: Red Omnibus Co. Sdn. Bhd, 2012

31 TICKETING SYSTEM Ticketing System Bus conductor and paper ticket is the operational system applied by Red Omnibus Sdn. Bhd as the single intra-city bus service operator (Figure 4). The fare rate is calculated based on distance and interval time. Figure 4: The ticketing system for intra-city bus service is still using bus conductor and paper ticket with serial number for route identification.

32 EXISTING BUS CONDITION Existing Bus Condition Observation on the existing bus condition shows that the bus is not using air-conditional system and some of the bus is in need to be upgraded. The bus also using the ring button system that located at the bottom of passengers seat where not universally designed to cater for physical disability user. All the observation is recorded in the Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8: Figure 5: Passengers need to push the ring button to take off from the bus for sighting at destination Figure 6: The condition of bus interior during peak hours and off-peak.

33 EXISTING BUS CONDITION Figure 7: Intra-city bus exterior Figure 8: Red Omnibus Sdn. Bhd is the single operator for Intra-city bus service in Kerian District.

34 INTER-CITY BUS SERVICES No Bus Operator Route Departure Station 1 Maraliner Parit Buntar Kerian Kuala Lumpur Parit Buntar 2 Shamisha Ekspress Parit Buntar Kerian - Kuala Lumpur - Klang Shah Alam Temerloh Kuantan Kota Bharu Tanah Merah Machang Pengkalan Chepa Kuala Terengganu - Jertih 3 Era Mesra Parit Buntar Kerian Kuala Lumpur Klang Shah Alam Kajang Seremban Melaka Johor Bharu - Singapura Bagan Serai Kuala Lumpur Shah Alam -Klang Parit Buntar Parit Buntar Bagan Serai 4 Lion Star Parit Buntar Kuala Lumpur Johor Bharu - Singapura Parit Buntar Bagan Serai Kuala Lumpur Air Hitam Skudai Larkin Yong Peng Johor Bharu - Singapura 5 Konsortium Parit Buntar Kuala Lumpur Johor Bharu Singapura Temerloh - Kuantan Bagan Serai Kuala Lumpur Kajang Seremban Melaka Johor Bharu Skudai Kluang Larkin Singapura Kuantan - Temerloh Bagan Serai Parit Buntar Bagan Serai 6 Haider Ekspres Parit Buntar Kuala Lumpur Klang Shah Alam Parit Buntar 7 Megastar Ekspres Parit Buntar Kajang Seremban - Melaka Parit Buntar 8 Kejora Ekspres Parit Buntar Johor Bharu - Singapura Parit Buntar Bagan Serai Kuala Lumpur Kajang Seremban Melaka Johor Bharu Skudai Kluang Larkin - Singapura Bagan Serai 9 Transnasional Parit Buntar Kuala Lumpur Parit Buntar 10 Plusliner Parit Buntar Butterworth Parit Buntar 11 Naik Selalu Ekspres Parit Buntar Kuala Lumpur Klang Shah Alam Parit Buntar 12 Bumiwira Ekspres Parit Buntar Butterworth Parit Buntar 13 KKKL Ekspres Parit Buntar Kuala Lumpur Seremban Melaka Muar Batu Pahat Johor Bharu Singapura - Kuantan Parit Buntar Source: Kerian District Draft Local Plan 2020

35 EXISTING BUS STOP The bus stop is provided along the Kerian main road with no specific standard design. Each of bus stop has been provided with different types of shelter and size (Figure 9). Some of the bus stop is not equiped with the seating and no take off curb for passengers. Most of the bus stops are not provided with proper lighting or public phones. However, from the secondary sources and observation conducted, the services are only till 7.00pm and most passengers are stop at door-to-door point along the main road of the route. Figure 9: Different types of design of existing bus stop along the Kerian main road can be upgraded by redesigning it with designs that represent Kerian as identity and potray more tangible road urbanscapes.

36 PUBLIC BUS SERVICE ROUTE

37 Figure 11: Bus Route 3

38 Figure 12 : Bus Route 5

39 Figure 13: Bus Route 8

40 Figure 14:Hentian Raya Parit Buntar Current Condition

41 Figure 15: Hentian Raya Bagan Serai Current Condition

42 AVERAGE SPEED: 26.7 KMH Figure 16: Travel speed, stoppage line and travel distance from Parit Buntar Station to Tanjung Piandang

43 AVERAGE SPEED: 46.1 KMH Figure 17: Travel speed, stoppage line and travel distance from Bagan Serai Station to Kuala Kurau Bus

44 AVERAGE SPEED: 35.6 KMH Figure 18: Travel speed, stoppage line and travel distance from Parit Buntar Station to Taiping

45 PASSENGER SATISFACTION AND ASPIRATION Very Dissatisfied 2% Fairly Dissatisfied 37% Neither Satisfied nor Dissatisfied 22% Fairly Satisfied 39% Very Satisfied 0 Figure 19: Overall Public Bus Passengers Satisfaction

46 Table 22: Passengers anticipation to use public bus by route everyday I will use public bus service 3 days per week 5 days per week 1 day per week never Total R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total DEMAND FOR WEEKLY TRIPS Table 23: Time of passengers used public bus by route 9.00am to 6.00pm I choose public bus service at 6.00am to 10.00pm 6.00am to 9.00pm 8.00am to 11.00pm 7.00am to 9.00pm R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total Total INCREASED OPERATION PERIOD

47 Table 27: Passengers used public bus because of public bus affordability by route I use public bus service because it is affordable for me Total low average medium good excellent R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total Route Table 28: Passengers used public bus because of punctuality by route I use public bus service because it is on time low average medium good excellent Total R3 Kuala Kurau R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total PUNCTUALITY: LOW/MEDIUM Table 29: Passengers anticipation of public bus frequency by route every 60 minutes I want the public bus service frequency at every 45 every 30 every 20 minutes minutes minutes every 15 minutes Total R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total

48 Table 30: Passengers anticipation of public bus speed by route I want the bus speed at Total 90 km/h 80km/h 70km/h 60km/h 45km/h R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total Table 31: Passengers anticipation of public bus punctuality by route I want public bus service to provide on time trip from O to Total D low average medium good excellent R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total PUNCTUALITY: LACK IN ROUTE 8 Table 32: Passengers anticipation towards public bus frequency by route I want public bus service to provide frequent bus trip Total low average medium good excellen t R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total INCREASED FREQUENCY TO MINUTES

49 Table 33: Passengers anticipation towards public bus facilities by route I want public bus service to provide safe trip with good bus station Total and bus stop facilities low average medium good excellent R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total FACILTIES AND STATIONS: MEDIUM Table 34: Passengers anticipation towards public bus condition by route I want public bus service to provide clean and comfortable Total bus with airconditional system) low average medium good excellent R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total Table 35: Passengers anticipation towards public bus driver skills and attitude by route I want public bus service to provide well trained and efficient bus driver low average medium good excellent R3 Kuala Kurau Route R5 Tanjung Piandang R8 Taiping Total Total

50 Table 43: Fixed-route Service Frequency LOS BUS ID Number of Buses Average Headway LOS Route 3 1 <10 A Route 5 1 <10 A Route C Table 44: Fixed-route Hour of Service LOS BUS ID Scheduled first trip Scheduled last trip Hour of Service LOS Route am 7.30 pm 12 hours D Route am 7.30 pm 12 hours D Route am 8.30 pm 14 hours C Table 45: LOS Scheme for transit speed BUS ID Average speed Maximum speed % of Speed (km/h) (km/h) LOS Route D Route E Route E

51 Table 46: Bus Passengers Loading LOS Thresholds (Off-peak) BUS ID Passengers per seat Comments LOS Route 3 No passenger need to sit next to another A Route 5 No passenger need to sit next to another A Route All passengers can sit C Table 47: Bus Service Frequency LOS Thresholds (Off-peak) BUS ID Route 3 Route 5 Route 8 Passengers per seat Comments Service availaible during the hour E LOS

52 Improvement areas: (based on the passengers anticipation) trip frequency, routes performances fleet number and quality bus punctuality Hence needing upgrades of bus service to meet generation gaps expectation. i. Route 3 from station to Kuala Kurau respondents needed more frequent bus trip with at least 30 minutes interval for waiting time where 13 of respondents chose for 30 minutes interval, 4 respondents chose 20 minutes interval and 19 respondents chose 15 minutes interval ii. Route 3, Route 5 and Route 8 respondents agreed to pay more expensive ticket if the bus service provides more comfortable bus condition with air conditional system.

53 FINDINGS OF RESEARCH (TAXI)

54 Table 48: Taxi association and car rental services at Kerian No Operator No. of registered taxi 1 Koperasi Pengangkutan Awam Kerian Berhad 53 2 Koperasi Perdagangan dan Perindustrian Daerak Kerian 33 Table 49: Bagan Serai Taxi Route Matang Gerdu RM16.00 Bukit Merah Lake Town Resort RM40.00 SM Teknik Kerian RM16.00 Lembah Beriah RM45.00 Taman Jaya Serai Jaya RM16.00 Masjid Tinggi RM18.00 Alor Pongsu RM18.00 Pekan Bukit Merah RM40.00 Cangkat Lobak / Kubu Gajah RM35.00 Simpang Empat/ G. Semanggol RM22.00 Simpang Lima RM6.00 Sg. Bogak RM10.00 Sg. Rawa RM8.00 Table 50: Serdang Taxi Route Bagan Samak RM8.00 Sg. Kechil Hulu RM10.00 Parit Nibong RM10.00 Bagan Samak Kem RM14.00 Permatang Kerat Telunjok RM12.00 Pekan Lunas RM50.00 Lubok Buntar RM16.00 Padang Serai RM55.00 Telok Sera RM18.00 Selama RM40.00 Buntar Estate RM18.00 Pekan Ijok RM60.00 Pekan Serdang RM25.00 Sg. Bayu RM55.00 Pekan Kulim RM40.00 FARE : RM 8.00 RM60.00

55 Table 51: Tanjung Piandang Taxi Route Kg Kedah RM6.00 Parit Kasa RM18.00 Titi Serong RM7.00 Sg. Bakau RM10.00 Tebok Hj. Musa RM8.00 Jln Baru Sg Bakau RM15.00 Sg. Setar Jln Sempadan RM8.00 Jln Terusan RM8.00 Kedai Empat RM10.00 Pekan Tg. Piandang RM12.00 Sg. Kota RM12.00 Tmn Tg. Piandang RM18.00 Pekan Bagan Tiang RM14.00 Kg. Nelayan RM16.00 Kuala Bagan Tiang RM12.00 Sg. Baru RM16.00 Table 52: Kuala Kurau Taxi Route Spg Lima / Tanah Kebun RM6.00 / RM 8.00 Kuala Kurau (Bawah) RM14.00 Batu Lima RM8.00 Kg Nelayan RM18.00 Kedai 2 / Tmn Seri Kurau RM16.00 Batu 14 RM16.00 Pekan Kuala Kurau RM12.00 Pekan Gula RM30.00 Tmn Kuala Kurau RM14.00 Table 53: Sg. Kechil Ilir Taxi Route Kg Lorong Tikus RM 8.00 Sg Buaya Luar RM10.00 Permatang Pasir RM8.00 Kg Besar RM14.00 Kg Telok RM10.00 Pekan 300 Kaki RM14.00 Sg Kechil Kg Nenas RM10.00 Tmn Rekreasi Air Puteh RM20.00 Pusat Latihan Perda RM12.00 Kg Keda 300 RM16.00 FARE: RM8.00-RM18.00

56 Table 54: Nibong Tebal Taxi Route Spg. 3 Permatang Keling RM8.00 SM Teknik N. Tebal RM12.00 Tmn Seri Acheh RM8.00 ILP N. Tebal RM12.00 Sg. Setar Besar RM10.00 Taman Jawi / Jawi Jaya RM16.00 Sg. Setar Kecil RM12.00 Sg. Bakap RM14.00 Pekan Sg Acheh RM12.00 Veldor RM18.00 Sg. Chenaam RM15.00 Tmn Merak RM25.00 Sg. Udang RM15.00 Spg 4 Tasek RM25.00 Pekan Nibong Tebal RM10.00 Puteri Gunong RM30.00 Sg Daun/Kala Dunia RM15.00 Lima Kongsi RM25.00 Kg Changkat / Bagan Buaya RM15.00 Paya Kemian RM15.00 Behram RM20.00 Relaw RM25.00 Tmn Bukit Panchor RM12.00 Table 55: Butterworth / Northern Route Permatang Tinggi RM30.00 Gurun RM Bukit Mertajam RM45.00 Alor Setar RM Juru RM40.00 Kangar RM Bukit Tengah RM45.00 Kuala Perlis RM Prai Industri RM50.00 Bukit Kayu Hitam / UUM RM Jetty/Butterworth RM50.00 Padang Besar RM Bandaraya Pulau Pinang RM Kuala Kedah RM Airport Pulau Pinang RM Baling RM Sg. Petani RM Kroh RM FARE: RM8.00 RM250.00

57 Table 56: Residential Scheme / Institution / Parit Buntar District Department Taxi Route USM Trans Kerian RM8.00 Tmn Kaw. Parit Buntar RM6.00 MRSM Trans Kerian RM10.00 Hospital / Jab. Kawasan RM6.00 Parit Buntar Taman Pekaka RM8.00 Taman Ilmu RM10.00 Kg Trans Kerian RM8.00 Tmn Tempua, Kit Seong RM8.00 Taman Sempadan RM8.00 Rantau Damai dan Semua RM8.00 Tmn Kawasan SPS SMA Nibong Tebal RM8.00 Table 57: Taiping / Southern / Eastern Taxi Route Pekan Selinsing RM30.00 Kampar RM Pekan Kemunting RM45.00 Tapah RM Pekan Lama Taiping RM50.00 Bagan Datok RM Padang Rengas RM65.00 Teluk Intan RM Kuala Kangsar RM80.00 Kuala Lumpur RM Sg Siput RM KLIA RM Bandaraya Ipoh RM Cameron Highland RM Pantai Remis RM Johor Bharu RM Lumut RM Kuantan RM Batu Gajah RM Kota Bharu RM Kuala Terengganu RM600.00

58 Figure 20: Radius of Car Rental Rate from Parit Buntar Station

59 Figure 21:Radius of Car Rental Rate from Bagan Serai Station

60 Table 58: Taxi Passengers Loading LOS Thresholds (Off-peak) Station Taxi 1 Taxi 2 Passengers per seat Comments No passenger need to sit next to another No passenger need to sit next to another LOS A A Table 59: Taxi Service Frequency LOS Thresholds (Off-peak) Station Taxi 1 Taxi 2 Passengers per seat Comments <10 Passengers do not need schedule A LOS

61 FINDINGS OF RESEARCH (TRAIN)

62 RAIL SERVICE (TRAIN) Location Distance (km) Station Class Kuala Lumpur Bagan Serai - Butterworth Butterworth Bagan Serai Kuala Lumpur 280 Rawang Kuala Kubu Tanjung Malim Slim River Tapah Road Kampar Batu Gajah Kerian Tanjung Rambutan Chemor Kuala Kangsar Taiping Bagan Serai Parit Buntar Nibong Tebal Bukit Mertajam 280 Rawang Kuala Kubu Tanjung Malim Slim River Kampar Batu Gajah Kerian Sg Siput Kuala Kangsar Taiping Bagan Serai Parit Buntar Nibong Tebal Bukit Mertajam A Senandung Malam A Sinaran Utara Table 61: Train Schedule Train No. Sinaran Utara Ekspress Rakyat Senandung Langkawi Senandung Mutiara Ekspress Rakyat Sinaran Utara Senandung Langkawi Senandung Mutiara Station Parit Buntar Bagan Serai

63 Table 62: Train Fare Fare Bagan Serai Parit Buntar First Class Second Class Economy Class First Class Second Class Economy Class Destination Adult Child Adult Child Adult Child Adult Child Adult Child Adult Child KL Sentral Rawang K.K. Bharu Tg. Malim Slim River Sungkai Tapah Road Kampar Batu Gajah Ipoh Tg. Rambutan Kuala Kangsar Taiping Bagan Serai Parit Buntar Nibong Tebal Bkt Mertajam Butterworth FARE: RM1.00 RM51.00

64 RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE STATE OF PERAK

65 LONG-TERM AND SHORT-TERM Planning and Development Based on the analysis and findings of the study conducted for Kerian public transportation system, international best practices in public transport should be adopted in the operation to: improve the cost effectiveness of local public transport identify long-term requirements for future capital investment plan a comprehensive transportation network across the district and the state. identify new technology in the public transport system Subject Long Term Planning Short Term Planning Public transport policy Public transport subsystem For a long term planning of public transport system in Kerian, an integrated public transport service networks is a viable option that can ensure sustainable, equitable and effective mobility in livable town center and surrounded neighbourhood area. This planning outline the strategies and implementation in needs of: Integration of various mode of public transport Remove Barriers to Transit Use Provide Efficient and Effective Transit Service Ensure Adequate Funding Coordination of Services: Coordination of services and joint investment between transit providers and local authorities in the service system and subsystem will ensure the effective and efficient of public transport service. Local authorities to outline a standard guidelines for: i. Design ii. Layout iii. Seating facilities iv. Waiting area v. Information board vi. Ticket counter at bus, taxi and railway stations. The vision for public transport facilities is to ensure the provision of: i. Enclosed stops with good shelter ii. Dedicated lanes for bus and taxi iii. Lighting iv. Information kiosks v. Signage vi. Depots Multi-modal terminals as service nodes Integrate taxi stand with the bus station in one building Public Transport Intelligent Transport Systems including Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking of all public transport vehicles - linked in real time to a central Control Centre. Information displays at bus, taxi and rail stations in real time will reduce waiting stress impacts on users. Local authorities are to ensure the relevant standards for waiting areas, symbols, signs, lighting, furniture and fittings and information. Frequent and rapid service between major origins and destinations Ample capacity for passenger demand along corridors Provide bus stops with relevant standards for access paths, maneuvering areas, passing areas, ramps, waiting areas, boarding, allocated space, surfaces, handrails and grab rails, stairs, symbols, signs, tactile ground surface indicators Improvement of current bus station with installation of electronic route schedule board Provide comfort waiting area Provide signage to the railway station along the main road and town center.

66 LONG-TERM AND SHORT-TERM Planning and Development Subject Long Term Planning Short Term Planning Public transport operation Bus In long term planning of vitality and sustaining bus service, consideration on element of: Choice of bus service offered by optional operators Availability of bus service hours Affordability of bus fare Design considerations for all types of users Vehicles are very crucial and factors that contributes towards the effectiveness and efficiency of overall service delivery system. Community Design: Transit investment must include improvements in community design to increase ease of access to all transportation alternatives services. This plan also focuses on the strategies of designing the route expansion and diversification by the local authorities and operators. System Design: Traditional public transportation systems must continue to be enhanced and designed to make everyday services more easily available. Web-based trip-planning systems that link route, schedule, and fare information for multiple transit systems for intra and inter-city bus services will enhance the potential of tourism activities in Kerian as well as increase the economic growth. Advanced Technologies: state-of-the-art information systems to improve information about alternative services and take the anxiety and uncertainty out of trip planning and transit use. State-of-the-art electronic fare systems and multi-trip ticketing, such as stored value smart cards, that ease and speed the boarding process, taking the guesswork out of paying fares and ultimately allowing riders to use a single electronic ticket on a variety of regional transportation services; and; Rolling stock diversification: Competitive bus operator to offer more bus Improve schedule reliability and provide realtime arrival/departure, scheduled information using electronic board. Add customer service features such as calling out stops, reserving more seats for older persons, providing friendlier and more detailed travel information, providing more telephone lines for information, and making systems more responsive to complaints for inter-city bus service. Improve bus vehicles condition with comfort seat, air conditional system, safety door and ergonomic stop button design. The route diversification will offer more comprehensive and excellent public transport system that caters all level of public transport user. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that, the route of bus service in Kerian being diversified according to route: To city/centroid with 30minutes/interval Suburb to suburb/orbital with 1 hour/interval Special/disabled/center to suburb or suburb to center with 2 hour/interval/on demand Reward card for loyal customer

67 LONG-TERM AND SHORT-TERM Planning and Development Subject Long Term Planning Short Term Planning Taxi Subsidies scheme for elderly and disabled citizen Providing friendlier and more detailed Reward card for loyal customer travel information, providing more Diversify the types of vehicles to offer more comfortability to the telephone lines for information, and passengers for long distance trip making systems more responsive to complaints. metered taxis to be imposed and contracted to provide an additional low volume public transport service for choice users, as well as an alternative o single occupant car use and a service for offpeak periods Public transport operation Provide guaranteed-ride-home services. Local authorities to outline the relevant standards for waiting areas, symbols, signs, lighting, furniture and fittings. Service providers are to comply with the provision of information. Train Provide a commuter service for short distance destinations Integrate with bus operator to provide feeder bus service Local authorities to outline the relevant standards for waiting areas, symbols, signs, lighting, furniture and fittings. Service providers are to comply with the provision of information.

68 Bagan Serai Tanjung Piandang Parit Buntar Kuala Kurau Figure 23: Propose Feeder Bus Route from Bus Station to Railway Station

69 CONCLUSION - potential to improve public transport at an affordable cost - NEW ROUTES - LONGER OPERATIONAL TIME - FREQUENCY, ADHERENCE TO SCHEDULE - WAITING FACILITIES AND INTEGRATION - FLEET OVERHAUL, ADDITIONAL/NEW

70 THANK YOU