SMART BUILDINGS AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Transcription

1 SMART BUILDINGS AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY Invited Lecture Professor Saifur Rahman, PhD Virginia Tech, USA ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad, India, 08 March 2018 From Smart Buildings to Smart Grid Smart Grid Smart City Smart Campus Smart Buildings Smart grid: Bi-directional flows of energy, remote control/automation of power, integrated distributed energy Smart city: Complex system of interconnected infrastructures and services Smart Campus: A collection of buildings managed by the same facility manager Smart buildings: Intelligent building automation systems, smart devices, productive users, grid integration Supported by ICT and distributed networks of intelligent sensors, data centers/clouds 2 1

2 What makes a Building Smart A single platform for monitoring and control of HVAC, lighting, water supply, sensor networks, security camera & fire emergency Source: Smart Building Market To Grow 30% by 2020, k et-to-gr ow -30-by-2020, December Internet of Things (IoT) 4 IoT-enabled smart buildings offer in-building device mobility, occupant comfort, and indoor activities automation 2

3 How do you make a large number of IoT devices work together? Need a software platform 5 Virginia Tech Platform for IoT Device Integration Sensors/ PowerMeters CT50 (WiFi ) CT80 CT30 (WiFi) Power meter (Modbus) Power meter (BACnet/M odbus) (ZigB e e SE) Light sensor (BACnet) ICM (WiFi) Occupancy sensor (BACnet) Nest (WiFi) HVAC Load Controllers VAV controller (Modbus) RTU (Modbus) Step-dimmed Lighting Philips Hue Light switch ballast load (ZigBee) (WiFi) (WiFi) controller (BACnet) Lighting Load Controllers Plug load controller (BACnet) Smart plug (ZigBee) Smart plug (WiFi) Plug Load Controllers 6 3

4 Multiple-protocol Interoperability Communication Technologies q Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) q Serial Interface (RS-485) q ZigBee (IEEE ) q WiFi (IEEE ) RS-485 Data Exchange Protocols q BACnet (IP and MS/TP) q Modbus (RTU and TCP) q Web (e.g., XML, JSON, RSS/Atom) q ZigBee API WEB q Smart Energy (SE) q OpenADR (Open Automated Demand Response) Smart Energy Profile (SEP) 7 7 An Open Architecture Platform for Building Energy Efficiency BEMOSS is a Building Energy Management Open Source Software (BEMOSS) solution that is engineered to improve sensing and control of all IoT-enabled equipment in commercial buildings BEMOSS monitoring and control: BEMOSS Three major loads in buildings Heating, Ventilation, AC Lighting loads Plug loads BEMOSS value: Improves energy efficiency and facilitates peak load savings in buildings buildings. 8 4

5 Multi-sensor Applications BEMOSS Core Floor 2 Floor 1 BEMOSS Zone 2 BEMOSS Zone 1 9 Outdoor temperature profiles: Energy Savings from Sensor Deployment & Control Outdoor Temp 25,000 sqft building in Alexandria, VA 5 Wireless thermostats Indoor temperature set-points: Raising the set point from 6am- 6pm demonstrates 10.5% energy savings in HVAC load per degree temperature increase. 5

6 Classroom under Real-time Monitoring Power meter Environmental sensor (CO2, noise, temperature) BEMOSS core Thermostat Motion sensor Plug load controller 11 Indoor Environmental Monitoring Weather Sensor Integration 12 6

7 Smart Light Intensity Control 13 Energy Savings by Controlling Light Intensity Based on occupant requirements, light intensity level was reduced during October December Results indicate the average kwh savings of about 34%. Month Total Measured Energy Consumption (kwh) Total Calculated Energy Consumption without Dimming (kwh) Energy Savings by Dimming (%) October % November % December % Total (October- December) % Note: Scheduled dimming level from 6:30am to 9:00pm. Open office area A: 50%; Open office area B: 45%; Chief office s desk area: 60%; Chief office s meeting area: 50%; Conference room A: 50%; Conference room B: 45%. Lights are off after 9:00pm. 14 7

8 Solar PV System on an Unified Platform 15 Solar PV and Smart Inverter Integration 16 8

9 Monitoring & Control of Renewables Smart inverter control 17 Battery Storage Project at Virginia Tech in Alexandria Battery Cells 5 kw 12 kwh 18 9

10 Battery Storage Data Access from BEMOSS 19 Battery Storage Monitoring & Control 20 10

11 Smart Campus Utility/DR Aggregator Internet Customers/Operators Buildings HVAC Lighting loads Plug loads Powermeters Water meters PV & storage Security camera 21 All Sensors Visible from one Dashboard Powermeter Watermeter PV & storage HVAC Lighting load Plug load Security camera 22 11

12 Building Energy Management Open Source Software (BEMOSS) Provides building automation services to small to medium-sized buildings Provides sensing and control services for roof-top solar, battery storage, security camera, etc. 23 Available from: Open Source Version at: Advanced Version (BEMOSS -plus) at:

13 BEM Controls Website 25 Thank You Professor Saifur Rahman