Uninterrupted Efficient Energy Solutions through Solar For Urban Office Building And Cold Storage Applications

Transcription

1 Uninterrupted Efficient Energy Solutions through Solar For Urban Office Building And Cold Storage Applications TLA international Energy Conference MANOJ PANDE

2 ABOUT US SOLAR DEFENSE POWER RAILWAYS Manufacturing Facility of 1,24,000 square feet Near Noida ( Pilkhua ) with >200 personnel currently working for the company. Office Address: B-81 Sector 63, Noida, Uttar Pradesh

3 Present Scenario of Electricity in India Erratic Supply and poor quality of Grid Ever increasing cost of diesel and maintenance of Diesel Generator Sets DG Set running at less than 30% rated capacity causing a decrease in its life Loss of productivity among employees A sun exposed terrace causes extra strain on the Air conditioners Frequent power cuts of 10 minutes to 4 Hours Increasing cost of electricity with Time-Of-Day (TOD) Very High fixed charges bringing the electricity bill to > 9.50 Per Unit ($ 0.14 per unit) Typically the peak load does not end at 4 pm and electricity charges can be as high as 15-20% in this TOD of 5pm- 10pm regime.

4 THE PROBLEM A very common pattern across all developing countries exists where : a) The electricity is available daily for hrs per day b) the electricity fails/interrupts 4-5 times per day and the duration may differ from 5 minutes to 4 hours To cater for such unplanned and unpredictable failures almost all users do the following: 1. Run a higher rating DG Set at a power varying between 30% to 75% of its rated capacity, and 2. Keep free running of their DG Set for 2 minutes before switching off the DG Set.

5 THE PROBLEM On all such interruptions there is at least seconds of blackouts. While 1 st one results into cost/unit being directly proportional to the percentage of loading, the 2 nd one results in a situation of burning fuel at 0% load for 2 minutes every time the grid resumes. This results in : 1. Very High electricity bills owing to the higher rates of electricity 2. Ever rising cost of diesel adds to the increased bill

6 THE PROBLEM Looking at the energy deficient scenario of our country, where everyone is forced to use diesel generator ( DG Set) as backup source of energy. An obvious quick fix solution through renewable energy sources to be driven by: a) through Government subsidy or b) Actual business models based on the usefulness and not mere investment opportunity.

7 THE SOLUTION Battery Based Solar Solutions for Uninterrupted Energy 1. Can Draw upon the power whenever required 2. Lead Acid Batteries can last long up to 6-10 years if treated properly 3. Almost Zero Pollution 4. Hybrid Inverters can export to the grid during lean load periods and bring down the payback period 5. No loss of productivity as the Battery + Inverter acts as a UPS 6. Best possible solution for developing countries 7. Grid Tie inverters unsuitable due to their ineffectiveness against frequent power outages

8 THE SOLUTION: CASE STUDY SOLAR SOLUTIONS FOR URBAN OFFICES

9 LOADS AND SYSTEM DETAILS System Details: PV Panels: 30KWp Inverter: 100 KWp Type of Inverter System: HYBRID Grid Synchronised (ON GRID /OFF GRID) Battery Capacity: 240V/ 300Ah Load Details: Air Conditioners: Cassette + Split Type Computers LED Lights Television Refrigerators Coffee Machines Fans Water Pump Misc. Load Total Peak Load = 45 KWp Distribution of loads Air conditioners Light Loads Computers Misc 17% 10% 6% 67%

10 Hybrid Solar Power System GRID INTERLOCK DG SET OPTIONAL P = (P2+P3) P1 P2 P3 CHARGING Condition # 1 SPV present, Grid available. Battery Charged through MPPT charger + mains, Load supplied through Grid. AC LOADS (Priority) AC LOADS (Others)

11 Hybrid Solar Power System GRID INTERLOCK DG SET OPTIONAL P = (P2+P3)-P1 P1 P2 P3 Trickle Charging Condition # 2 SPV available, Grid available, Battery almost charged, surplus PV power used for AC loads connected. Saving of electricity bills. AC LOADS (Priority) AC LOADS (Others)

12 Hybrid Solar Power System GRID INTERLOCK DG SET OPTIONAL P = P1-(P2+P3) P1 P2 P3 CHARGED Trickle charging Condition # 3 SPV available, Grid available, Battery almost charged, ZERO or very Little load: EXCESS POWER TO GRID Pays You Back! AC LOADS (Priority) AC LOADS (Others)

13 Hybrid Solar Power System GRID INTERLOCK DG SET OPTIONAL P1 P2 P3 DISCHARGING Condition # 4 SPV available, Grid unavailable, Battery almost charged, surplus PV power+ Battery used for AC loads (priority) connected. AC LOADS (Priority) AC LOADS (Others)

14 Hybrid Solar Power System GRID INTERLOCK DG SET OPTIONAL P1=P2 P =0 P2 P3=0 DISCHARGING Condition # 5 Low PV available (or absent) Grid absent. AC Load (priority) Supplied through stored battery energy AC LOADS (Priority) AC LOADS (Others)

15 Hybrid Solar Power System GRID INTERLOCK DG SET OPTIONAL P= (P2+P3)+P1 P1 P2 P3 CHARGING Condition # 6 SPV not available. Grid available, Battery charging through grid, Load supplied through Grid Optional Time based grid charging of battery also available CHARGING AC LOADS (Priority) AC LOADS (Others)

16 Hybrid Solar Power System GRID INTERLOCK DG SET OPTIONAL P= (P2+P3)+P1 P1 P2 P3 Condition # 7 SPV not available. Grid not available, Battery charging through DG SET, Load supplied through DG SET. CHARGING AC LOADS (Priority) AC LOADS (Others)

17 REMOTE MONITORING

18 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Initial Investment: PV Panels: = 30KW= 12,42,400 Inverter: 100kVA= 10,00,000 Batteries: 2Vx120 /300Ah = 6,80,000 Mounting structure= 1,80,000 AJB=8,000 Wires=50,000 Installation and commissioning= 1,00,000 TOTAL= 22,60,000 Savings & Payback Period Per unit cost of electricity= 9.86 Per unit cost of DG, electricity=22.83 (Note: we are considering 70% from electricity and 30% from DG for per unit cost) Total energy generated by solar per year (units) = units or KWH Total savings per year ( in rupees) = 6,32,436 PAYBACK PERIOD Payback period = 5.5 years

19 ACTUAL SITE PHOTOS

20 Details Of Solar Cold Storage Location : ETAWAH U.P. India Months : Feb to Oct PV capacity selected KWp Battery - 700AH/500V Lead Acid, Inverters : Hybrid (can also be used as Grid export) * VFD 1 : 120 hp * VFD 2 : 20 hp * VFD 3 : 10 hp

21 WHAT IS A COLD STORAGE? Cold storage is a well known term which means a huge storing area for vegetables/fruits,chocolates/ drugs etc. can be stored at a lower temperature in a controlled environment for preservation of its qualities / flavor etc. So it does not need rocket science to understand the working of a cold storage. Typically a cold storage uses big compressor motor, water pump motor, blower motor, lights, fans and electricity for utility services.

22 COLD STORAGE COSTS In India we have generally three categories of cold storages Type 1 : Urban/Cities areas with 24 hrs electric supply % Type 2: Areas with hrs of Grid supply & 4-6 interruptions/ day % Type 3: Areas with hrs of Grid supply & 4-6 interruptions/ day % ELECTRICITY BILL BREAKDOWN IN COLD STORAGES GRID DIESEL MAINTENANCE SALARIES MISC FIXED CHARGES

23 Solar Power System for Cold Storage PV DG2 (320KW) MPPT CHARGER MAIN CHARGER AC changeover panel C1 C2 DG1(40KW) P L C TEMPERATURE PROBE GRID BATTERY CHARGING Condition # 1 PV Present, Grid available, Battery charging + Motor & load requirement shared by both but with PV as priority VFD 1 COMPRESSOR VFD 2 10HP PUMP 1X10HP VFD PANEL VFD 3 20HP BLOWERS 5X3 HP SINE WAVE INV. LIGHT & FANS LOAD

24 Solar Power System for Cold Storage PV DG2 (320KW) MPPT CHARGER MAIN CHARGER AC changeover panel C1 C2 DG1(40KW) P L C TEMPERATURE PROBE GRID BATTERY CHARGING Condition # 2 PV Present, Grid unavailable. Battery charging + Motor & load requirement met by PV with as Battery as buffer. VFD 1 COMPRESSOR VFD 2 10HP PUMP 1X10HP VFD PANEL VFD 3 20HP BLOWERS 5X3 HP SINE WAVE INV. LIGHT & FANS LOAD

25 Solar Power System for Cold Storage PV DG2 (320KW) MPPT CHARGER MAIN CHARGER AC changeover panel C1 C2 DG1(40KW) P L C TEMPERATURE PROBE GRID CHARGING BATTERY Condition # 3 PV present, Grid unavailable. Battery charging + Motors load requirement met by PV. With temperature achieved by compressor working in Energy saving mode. VFD 1 COMPRESSOR VFD 2 10HP PUMP 1X10HP VFD PANEL VFD 3 20HP BLOWERS 5X3 HP SINE WAVE INV. LIGHT & FANS LOAD

26 Solar Power System for Cold Storage DG2 (320KW) MPPT CHARGER MAIN CHARGER AC changeover panel C1 C2 DG1(40KW) P L C TEMPERATURE PROBE GRID CHARGED BATTERY Condition # 4 PV present, Grid available. Battery charged & Motors load requirement is met by PV. With temperature achieved,compressor works in Energy saving mode. EXCESS POWER EXPORT TO GRID!! VFD 1 COMPRESSOR VFD 2 10HP PUMP 1X10HP VFD PANEL VFD 3 20HP BLOWERS 5X3 HP SINE WAVE INV. LIGHT & FANS LOAD

27 Solar Power System for Cold Storage DG2 (320KW) MPPT CHARGER MAIN CHARGER AC changeover panel C1 C2 DG1(40KW) P L C TEMPERATURE PROBE GRID BATTERY DISCHARGING Condition # 5 PV & Grid un-available. Battery charging + Motors load requirement me by Battery only. With temperature achieved compressor working in Energy saving mode. VFD 1 COMPRESSOR VFD 2 10HP PUMP 1X10HP VFD PANEL VFD 3 20HP BLOWERS 5X3 HP SINE WAVE INV. LIGHT & FANS LOAD

28 Solar Power System for Cold Storage DG2 (320KW) MPPT CHARGER MAIN CHARGER AC changeover panel C1 C2 DG1(40KW) P L C TEMPERATURE PROBE GRID BATTERY DISCHARGING Condition # 6 PV & Grid un-available. Battery loosing 30% capacity. DG1 starts supplying Battery + Motors load requirements.dg1 running at 90% Load. Better DG set utilization VFD 1 COMPRESSOR VFD 2 10HP PUMP 1X10HP VFD PANEL VFD 3 20HP BLOWERS 5X3 HP SINE WAVE INV. LIGHT & FANS LOAD

29 Solar Power System for Cold Storage DG2 (320KW) MPPT CHARGER MAIN CHARGER AC changeover panel C1 C2 DG1(40KW) P L C TEMPERATURE PROBE GRID CHARGING BATTERY Condition # 7 PV & Grid un-available. Battery losing 50% capacity. DG2 starts supplying Battery + Motors load requirements. DG2 running at >60% Load. After approx 2 hrs, changeover to DG1 anticipated. VFD 1 COMPRESSOR VFD 2 10HP PUMP 1X10HP VFD PANEL VFD 3 20HP BLOWERS 5X3 HP SINE WAVE INV. LIGHT & FANS LOAD

30 Solar Power System for Cold Storage MPPT CHARGER MAIN CHARGER AC changeover panel C1 DG2 (320KW) C2 DG1(40KW) P L C TEMPERATURE PROBE GRID CHARGING VFD 1 VFD 2 10HP VFD PANEL VFD 3 20HP SINE WAVE INV. BATTERY Condition # 8 Grid resumes. Battery charging + Motors load requirement met by Grid with Battery buffer. COMPRESSOR PUMP 1X10HP BLOWERS 5X3 HP LIGHT & FANS LOAD

31 Solar Power System for Cold Storage MPPT CHARGER MAIN CHARGER AC changeover panel C1 DG2 (320KW) C2 DG1(40KW) P L C TEMPERATURE PROBE GRID VFD 1 VFD 2 10HP VFD PANEL VFD 3 20HP SINE WAVE INV. BATTERY Condition # 10 OFF SEASON PV Present, Grid available. PV Power EXPORT to Grid under Net-Metering. COMPRESSOR PUMP 1X10HP BLOWERS 5X3 HP LIGHT & FANS LOAD

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33 REAL TIME MONITORING OF DATA

34 TOTAL PV POWER BC POWER KW BATTERY POWER LOAD POWER KW

35 PH: /11