ERC Project Assessment Documentation: Replacement of Lawn and Garden Equipmen with Electric Powered Equipment 11/26/2013 NOx

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1 ERC Assessment Documentation: Replacement of Lawn and Garden Equipmen with Electric Powered Equipment /26/203 NOx Name Replace Gasoline Electric Electric. Replace Gasoline Leaf Blower with ERC Cost Effectiveness ($/Ton in $,000s) Total Emissions Inventory (tons/year) Incentive Funding Reductions Per Avg (lbs/yr) District Cost/ $2,27.5 $250 per 0.07 $250 $4,300.7 $250 per.05 $250 $, $0 per 0.05 $0 Leaf Blower with Replace Gasoline Trimmer/edger/brush cutter with Trimmer/edger brush cutter with Replace Gasoline Chainsaw with Chainsaw with $2, $0 per 2. $0 $2, $0 per 0.24 $0 $4, $0 per.3 $0 $, $0 per 0.05 $0 $, $0 per 3.2 $0 ROC Name Replace Gasoline Electric Electric. Replace Gasoline Leaf Blower with Leaf Blower with Replace Gasoline Trimmer/edger/brush cutter with ERC Cost Effectiveness ($/Ton in $,000s) Total Emissions Inventory (tons/year) Incentive Funding Reductions Per Avg (lbs/yr) District Cost/ $ $250 per.78 $250 $ $250 per 9.68 $250 $ $0 per.03 $0 $ $0 per 40.2 $0 $33.52 $0 per 4.5 $0

2 Trimmer/edger brush cutter with Replace Gasoline Chainsaw with Chainsaw with $ $0 per $0 $ $0 per.03 $0 $ 3.72 $0 per $0 PM Name Replace Gasoline Electric Electric. Replace Gasoline Leaf Blower with Leaf Blower with Replace Gasoline Trimmer/edger/brush cutter with Trimmer/edger brush cutter with Replace Gasoline Chainsaw with Chainsaw with ERC Cost Effectiveness ($/Ton in $,000s) Total Emissions Inventory (tons/year) Incentive Funding Reductions Per Avg (lbs/yr) District Cost/ $3, $250 per 0.05 $250 $2, $250 per 0.7 $250 $6, $0 per 0.04 $0 $4, $0 per.43 $0 $3, $0 per 0.6 $0 $6, $0 per 0.88 $0 $6, $0 per 0.04 $0 $2, $0 per 2. $0

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5 Total Inventory Total emissions for each equipment type was esimated on the basis of ARBs estimate of annual emission reductions from the replacement of residential lawn s with electric corded s. These esimates given below. The Moyer estimates for resdential gasoline lawn s are given below: Table 4- Gasoline Lawn Moyer Emission Reductions (lbs/yr) Year ROG NOx PM Ref: 20 Moyer Program Guidance, ARB, Table 4-. We tracked down the documentation from ARB, which is included (see the ARBDoc tab). Because the Moyer project is the replacement of a gasoline with an electric (zero emission) lawn the emission reductions are also the emissions from the equipment. Daily emissions for commerical lawn s were estimated based on the difference in use between residential and commerical gasoline s. Here are the data for the two types and other equipment types. Equip Type HP Load Hrs/yr Life years BSFC lawn leaf leaf Ref hp, load, hrs, life: ARB Offroad model input 7/06; Table MO99_32.5. BSFC Appendix B to: PUBLIC MEETING TO CONSIDER APPROVAL OF THE CALIFORNIA SMALL OFF-ROAD ENGINE EMISSIONS INVENTORY, March 998 So annual estimates for commercial equipment was estimated by increasing the annual residential lawn emission by the ratio of 229 hours/6 hours. Gasoline Lawn Mower Gasoline Lawn Mower Gasoline Lawn Moyer Emissions (lbs/yr) ROG NOx PM Estitmates for the other types of equipment was estimate by adjusting the lawn emission rates with the relative differences between the s and other equipment hp, engien hours per year, engine load, and average difference in emission rates between four stroke (s) and two stroke (other equipment types). Equipment hp, hours/yr, and load data were given in the table above. The average difference in rates was generated by calculating average four stroke and two stroke certified emission rates for small spark ignited equipment under EPA's emission certification program and database for model year 203 engines. On average the certified rate for two stroke engines is eight (8) times that of 4 stroke engines. The estimated emission rates for the other equipment types are then: ROC Combust ROC Evap ROC SubTotal ROC Spill ROC Total NOx PM Equipment Type hrs/yr lbs/yr/equip lbs/yr/equip lbs/yr/equip lbs/yr/equip lbs/yr/equip lbs/yr/equip lbs/yr/equip lawn leaf

6 leaf As indicated above, ROC emissions from refueling spillage were also included. This source of ROCs was not included in ARB lawn emission data given above or in ARB's offroad model. Spillage emissions were estimated using an EPA/ARB method: EF = 7 grams/tank capacity in gallons. Refueling Emissions for Nonroad Engine Modeling (NR-03a), EPA. So to calculate spillage we need an estimate of tank capacity, which was obtained by a Google search of common equipment in each equipment type, and gallons of fuel consumed each year by each type. The calculation of spillage emissions is given below: BSFC (lb/hp-hr) hrs/yr hp load Fuel tank capacity grams VOC / gallon refueling gallons/yr burned refueling VOC lbs/yr Equipment Type lawn leaf leaf To generate an inventory the final piece of information we need is an estimate of the equipment population in the county. This data was generated by disaggregating statewide equipment population data using relative population in the state and Santa Barbara. These calculation are given below. Population 20 CA 37,253,956 Pop 20 SB Co. 423,895 SB Co % of CA.4% Lawn Mowers CA SB Resident (G4) 3,735,65 42,506 Comm (G4) 96,63 2,237 Leaf Blowers Resident (G2) 894,688,80 Comm (G2) 99,4,3 Trimmer/edger/brush cutter Resident (G2) 2,590,302 29,474 Comm (G2) 287,8 3,275 Chainsaw Resident (G2) hp 80,752 9,23 Comm (G2) hp 69, Pop data from US Census Equipment data from "OffRoad Model Input Factors (7/06)," ID So the total inventory of equipment by project type is: Equipment Type No in Co. NOx (tons/yr) ROC (tons/yr) PM (tons/yr) lawn 42, ,

7 leaf leaf, , , , , Incentive Funding A Google search of cordless lawn s indicates prices from $200 to $600. The selection of an incentive of $250/ was an assumption about what might be sufficient. A Google search of other types of corded electric equipment ranged from $50 to $50. The selection of an incentive amount of $0 per equipment was also a guess on the what might a sufficient incentive amount. If any of these projects are pursued some type of survey should done to refine the new equipment specs, price, and incentive amount. Reductions Per Average These data were derived in the course of developing the inventory above. ROC Total NOx PM Equipment Type lbs/yr/equip lbs/yr/equip lbs/yr/equip lawn leaf leaf Life For the residential lawn replacements under Moyer ARB set the project life at years, so it takes three cycles of funding to generate 30 years of reductions. For the commercial replacements, Moyer assumes a year project life, so it takes 30 cycles of funding to generate 30 years of reductions. ERC Cost Effectiveness $/ton reduced, in $,000s Here are the annual emission reductions over 30 years. Equipment Type lawn leaf leaf No in Co. Fraction of Replacement total replaced Cycle (years) per cycle No Replaced per Cycle NOx Reduction tons/yr ROC Reduction tons/yr PM Reduction tons/yr 42,506 /3 4, ,237 / ,80 /3 3, ,3 / ,474 /3 9, ,275 /3, ,23 /3 3, /

8 Total cost is the total number of replacements over the 30 year period. Equipment Type lawn leaf leaf No Replaced per Cycle No Cycles No Replaced $ / Replacement Total Cost ($,000s) 4, ,464 $250 $, ,349 $250 $5,587 3,390 3,70 $0 $, ,300 $0 $,30 9, ,444 $0 $2,944, ,76 $0 $3,272 3, ,4 $0 $ ,925 $0 $792 ERC Cost effectivess, the total project cost/ tons per year reduced, would be NOx Cost/Ton ROC Cost/Ton ($,000s) ($,000s) PMx Cost/Ton ($,000s) Equipment Type lawn $2,27 $845 $3,250 $4,300 $762 $2,52 leaf $,26 $585 $6,457 leaf $2,838 $49 $4,98 $2,529 $33 $3,740 $4,598 $242 $6,800 $,26 $585 $6,457 $,925 $ $2,847

9 Caveats and Notes: Numbers are rough estimates. ARB's Off-road model not well documented. Feasibility of replacing commercial gasoline lawn with electric needs to be confirmed. For example, several battery packs may be required to provide a full day of service, and the life/cost of battery packs needs to be assessed. Feasibly of replacing other lawn and garden equipment with corded also needs to be assessed, especially for commercial equipment. ARB said they are plan to complete a comprehensive update of this inventory category within a year. Some of the estimates could change significantly. For example, some EPA load data is twice as high as ARB data for the same equipment (commercial leaf ).

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