Iran and South Asia, the world s #1 NGV sub-region

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1 Volume V Number 38 April 2010 Iran and South Asia, the world s #1 NGV sub-region Iran 3 million converted and OEM NGVs by 2014 India 150 new stations in 2010 and 3.3 M NGVs by 2015

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4 2 April 2010 Summary 04 Strong players from South Asia and Iran Asian NGV Communications is a publication of NGV Communications Group, publishing house and fairs-conferences organizer: In Europe, we print The Gas Vehicles Report, GVR, and the International NGV Guide. In Argentina, the Group publishes Prensa Vehicular, Argentine CNG Guide, maps, books and brochures while in Brazil, Folha do GNV, Brazilian NGV Guide, maps and posters, among others. In Peru Prensa Vehicular Peru. More info: The signed articles are exclusive responsibility of the authors, as well as advertising companies and agencies are responsible for the published ads. is member of the ANGVA (Asia Pacific NGV Association) KOREA 300-5, Changchon-Ri Namsan-Myun Chuncheon-Si Kangwon-Do Tel. and fax.: asia@ngvgroup.com PERU Av. Brasil 3222 oficina A Magdalena del Mar - CP: Lima 17 Perú peru@prensavehicular.com ITALY Vicolo Gonzaga Marmirolo (Mn) Tel.: info@thegvr.com ARGENTINA Uspallata 711 CP 1268 Capital Federal Tel./Fax: /5201/ info@prensavehicular.com BRASIL Av. Rio Branco, 131 Sala CEP: Rio de Janeiro - RJ Tel: / info@folhadognv.com Printed: Rigraph S.R.L. Constitución 4, Madrid - España Tilcara 3.146, Buenos Aires Iran and the countries in South Asia, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, together form a strong market in the NGV industry. South Asia itself, As the economic condition is starting to look up, the demand for natural gas as a fuel for industries and automotives is increasing India is set to see 3.3 millions NGVs by 2015 Iran Khodro to produce CNG-electric hybrid cars Iran's number one carmaker, Iran-Khodro, (IKCO), announced that it has decided to increase its products to 680,000 vehicles in Biogas plants for vehicles in Japan, Korea, and New Zealand World Bank funding for Clean Development Mechanism-CNG Asia and the world in brief India has ordered hundreds compressors and dispensers Copies Distribution We print and mail to 24 countries about copies addressed to governmental related offices, OEM and Oil & Gas companies, associations, related NGV industries, refuelling stations, workshops and suppliers, according the following list (some figures rounded): Armenia: 0.3% Australia: 4.1% Azerbaijan: 0.2% Bangladesh: 5.0% China: 10.9% Egypt: 1.9% India: 9.5% Indonesia: 1.6% Iran: 7.0% Israel: 0.1% Japan: 10.2% Korea: 5.1% Malaysia: 6.6% Myanmar: 0.5% New Zealand: 1.0% Pakistan: 11.4% Philippines: 3.6% Russia:4.3% Singapore: 3.1% Taiwan: 0.2% Thailand: 5.8% Turkey: 5.5% United Arab Emirates: 2.1% Vietnam: 0.1% Korean financing scheme for 300 CNG buses in Bangladesh Russia to build hybrid natural gas vehicles China medium-duty trucks for US market International event of the year: NGV 2010 Roma In addition, the magazine is sent to over readers in 94 countries by (.pdf) and is also online in If your NGV business is in Asia, advertise with us. Asian NGV Communications , Changchon-Ri, Namsan-Myun, Chuncheon-Si, Kangwon-Do, KOREA Tel : Tel : asia@ngvgroup.com

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6 4 April 2010 Market update on South Asia and Iran Bangladesh After introducing gas rationing scheme to industry sector, the government decided to impose the system on CNG filling stations starting end February this year. The objective is to help increasing gas supply for power generation. Hence, the stations in Dhaka city and surrounding areas are closed five days a week for 7 hours from 9 am to 4 pm, except for Friday and Saturday. According to the plan, this area, which mainly falls within Titas Gas servicing neighborhood, is divided into 7-8 zones. The closure should be rotated among these zones during the implementation of the scheme. By early March, the power and energy ministry reviewed Petrobangla s proposal to keep the scheme for these stations. The prime minister s adviser Tawfiq-e-Elahi Chowdhury said that many earlier attempts to save gas for power plants did not show any good results. Bangladesh experiences shortage of about 250 million cubic feet per day (mmcfd). This has caused the Power Development Board to generate 600 MW less electricity while the whole nation faces electricity shortage of around 1,500 MW. CNG filling stations consume about 6% of the total gas produced by Petrobangla (117.6 mmcfd for CNG stations out of the total 1,960-1,980 mmcfd produced). Daily gas demand for the whole nation is 2,250 mmcfd. Bangladesh has around 178,000 registered NGVs (it was reported that the total is around 200,000 vehicles), of which 125,000 units are privately owned cars, jeeps and micro-buses, plus 12,000 taxi cabs, 26,000 autorickshaws, and 4,500 MD-HD buses. This fleet consumes a lot of gas. Due to crisis in supply gas, the Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources (MoPEMR) created zoning principal for the establishment of CNG filling station across the nation. The government would not approve installation of CNG dispensing units in certain areas without special instruction/authority request. However, the regulation does not apply to Dhaka and Chittagong cities. Filling station owners saw this opportunity and constructed CNG station feet from Dhaka. Around 544 CNG stations were installed since These filling facilities consume 108 mmcfd of gas of which 70 mmcdf is dispensed in Dhaka and its suburbs. Of those stations, 340 units were constructed within Titas Gas company areas (Dhaka, Gazipur, Narsingdi, Narayanganj, Munshiganj, Mymensingh, Tangail and Manikganj), 142 under Bakhrabad Gas Company, 36 under Jalalabad gas, and 26 under Pachimanchal Gas Company Limited areas. India Lifting India once again to the international eyes, a 21-year old professional racer from that country, Aditya Patel, is going to join the Volkswagen Scirocco Cup this April 2010 in Nürburgring -Nordschleife, Germany. Patel will be the first Indian to drive an eco-racing car at the international stage as with a vehicle powered by clean biogas (biomethane). Recently, NGV industry has been showing moderate but good signs of recovery. World giant CNG cylinder (type 1 seamless steel) maker, Everest Kanto Cylinder International (EKC) from India-Dubai with its China subsidiary, has obtained USD 27 million export orders, of which USD 2 million was for the supply of Jumbo cylinders. The deliveries of the cylinders are scheduled to be completed by May The Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee increased customs and excise duties of petroleum fuels for the next fiscal year starting April 1 st, Following the announcement, (non-branded) gasoline price rose by 6% to Rp 44.72/litre while diesel with 8% increase costs Rp 32.87/litre since 5 March. CNG price remains unchanged and varies from city to city. However, in February this year, the public sector owned Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation (GSPC) raised the price of CNG by Rs.1.75/kg to Rs 29.75/kg in Gujarat. Meanwhile, other gas providers--adani Energy, Gujarat Gas and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd-- had increased their CNG retail price late last year, crossing Rs 30/kg. In neighbouring Maharashtra, CNG costs between Rs 23 and Rs per kg. In Delhi, where CNG price is the cheapest, the fuel has been sold at Rs 21/kg ( 0.34), since last year. The previous price tag per kg in Delhi was Rs 18, raised to Rs on June 6, 2006 and later reduced to Rs to pass on the benefit of a reduction in excise duty. But the cheapest CNG price in South Asia was in Bangladesh which was doubled from Tk 8.5/m3 to Tk 16.75/m3 ( 0.18) in In Pakistan, a kg CNG cost Rs Rs 56 ( 0.42), increased early last year from the previous Rs (as reported in the previous edition of this journal, the price tag for gasoline is Rs 71.21/litre and Rs 61.70/litre for diesel while the CNG price equivalent-a-litre-gasoline is Rs 37). The cheapest CNG in the whole Asian region can be found in Iran at Irr 200/m3 ( 0.015). In Pune, the Regional Transport Office issued a decree requiring all new rickshaws to have CNG or LPG kits since last March otherwise no license will be given. Pakistan The world has surely recognised the importance of NGV segment in Pakistan. The business is so big (as per 2009) that NGV fleet in the country accounted for around 78% of total vehicle population (of all types of fuels and vehicles from Light to Heavy Duty). In the car and Light Duty Vehicle segment alone, this clean fleet represents about 87% share (source: Asian NGV Communications and NGVA Europe). It is not surprising that the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has taken notice and decided to help the country to improve the safety and service quality in the segment especially in the fuelling sector. Thus, through its Job Project, the USAID in cooperation with Yasin Akram Associates (YAA) have launched a two-week CNG workforce skills training for staff of CNG stations in the Rawalpindi-Islamabad cities and the region by end February. The training is meant to enhance the employees skills and income, safety in CNG stations and customer service. For the 8,000 CNG bus project, a total Rs 300 million subsidy will be offered by the government. For the procurement of each bus, the government will provide Rs 677,181 funding spread out over five years. Of that, Rs 300,000 upfront grant should be used as part of down payment and Rs 377,181 as mark-up subsidy payable in five years. See more information regarding this in a separate article in this magazine. Iran As the third largest NGV country in the world, Iran has shown a good progress in adopting the vehicle in a rapid pace: starting in 1975 with 1,200 converted taxis and private cars in Shiraz City plus another 1,200 retrofitted cars and two filling stations in Mashad City in 1983, with a major implementation both in vehicle conversion and OEM made, starting in 2001 together with the creation of regulations and installation of CNG stations. In 2004 it had 28,266 NGVs and 64 stations, numbers that rose to 1.7 million and 1,079 respectively by December 2009, shifting Brazil to the fourth place from the top-3 ranking. Several factors that allow Iran to be in its position today include strong government support (regulations and subsidies), favourable pricing structure for CNG compared to gasoline, nationwide gas pipeline infrastructure (!), abundant NG reserve and production, sound involvement from the private sector with its investment, utilisation of local technology, with high motivation to improve environmental quality and to reduce import oil expenses. Looking at the achievement in replacing petroleum fuels vehicles with eco-friendly NGVs, Iran ranks as the 7 th in the world with 13% of its total vehicle fleet powered by CNG (mainly bifuel cars but also more than 5,500 dedicated and dual fuel buses) since That year, Iran had 11.2 M vehicles of which 1.5 million were NGVs. As mentioned above, Pakistan occupies the first position with 78%, while Bangladesh takes the second place with 43%, and the other South Asian country, India, is in the 15 th position with 2.25% of its vehicle fleet powered by CNG. Armenia in Central Asia occupies the third place worldwide with 36%.

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8 6 April 2010 南亚国家和伊朗市场最新动态 孟加拉国既工业领域实行天然气配给制后, 政府决定于今年二月底在 CNG 加气站实行该制度, 以增加对发电厂的天然气供应 因此, 在达卡市及其周边地区, 加气站每周关闭五天, 营业时间为周五周六上午 9 点至下午 4 点, 每天 7 个小时 根据此项计划, 达卡地区属迪达斯天然气公司 (Titas Gas) 管辖范围, 整个地区被分为 7-8 个小区, 轮流实行加气站关闭制度 三月初, 电力能源部审议了孟加拉石油天然气及矿产资源公司 (Petrobangla ) 的提案并继续在 CNG 加气站实行天然气配给制 总理顾问 Tawfiq-e-Elahi Chowdhury 表示, 早先为保证天然气发电而采取的努力实际收效甚微 孟加拉国天然气短缺约每天 2.5 亿立方英尺 这导致电力发展局每天少发电 60 0 兆瓦, 而孟加拉国全国电力每天短缺 兆瓦 其中 CNG 加气站就消耗 Petrob angla 公司产气量的 6%( 约每天 亿立方英尺, 总产量为每天 亿立方英尺 ) 该国的天然气需求量为每天 22.5 亿立方英尺 孟加拉国注册登记的 NGV 汽车约有 17.8 万辆 ( 据报道该国共有汽车 20 万辆 ), 其中私有汽车 吉普车 小型巴士约为 12.5 万辆, 出租车 1.2 万辆, 机动三轮车 2.6 万辆,DM-HD 公共汽车 4500 辆 这些车辆消耗了绝大部分天然气 由于天然气供应危机, 电力能源及矿产资源部采取分区制原则在全国范围内逐一建设 CNG 加气站 如没有特殊指令, 政府不会批准在某个特定地区建立 CNG 加气站, 但是该规定不适用于达卡市和吉大港市 一些加气站主看到了商机, 在距达卡 英尺的地方建立加气站 从 1998 年至今, 该地区共建加气站 544 座, 每天消耗 1.08 亿立方英尺天然气 其中仅达卡及其周边地区每天就消耗 0. 7 亿立方英尺 此外, 有 340 座加气站坐落在迪达斯天然气公司管辖范围 ( 包括达卡 Gazipur, 诺尔辛迪, 纳拉扬甘杰, 蒙希甘杰, 迈门辛, 坦盖尔和马尼格甘杰 ), 在 Bakhrabad 天然气公司管辖范围有 142 座, 贾拉拉巴德公司有 36 座,Pachimanch al 天然气有限公司有 26 座 印度现年 21 岁的印度籍职业赛车手柏图 (Ad itya Patel) 再次使印度成为全球观注的焦点, 他将参加大众汽车公司 于 2010 年 4 月在德国城市 Nürburgring Nordschleife 举行的大众赛车尚酷杯 (Volkswagen Scirocco Cup 的比赛 柏图是在国际赛事中第一位驾驶环保赛车的印度车手, 他的车由清洁能源生物沼气 (biomethane) 驱动 最近,NGV 工业呈现出稳步且良好的复苏迹象 世界 CNG 气瓶制造巨头 ( 生产钢质无缝 1 型气瓶 )Everest Kanto Cylinder International (EKC) 从印度 迪拜及中国得到了 2700 万美元的出口订单, 其中 2000 万是大型气瓶的订单 该公司计划于 2010 年 5 月完成所有订货的交付工作 财政部长 Pranab Mukherjee 表示将从 4 月 1 日起提高下一财政年度对石油的进口关税及消费税 政策一经宣布, 从 3 月 5 日至今, 石油价格上涨了 6%, 增长到 Rp 44.72/ 每升 ; 柴油价格上涨了 8%, 为 Rp 32.87/ 每升 仅 CNG 价格仍保持稳定, 但存在地区性差异 然而, 今年 2 月, 国有古贾拉特石油公司 (GSPC) 提高了古贾拉特地区的 CNG 价格, Rs 28 / 公斤涨到 Rs 29.75/ 公斤 同时, 其它天然气供在商 如 Adani Energy 古贾拉特煤气公司 斯坦石油公司也早在去年年底就提高了 CNG 的零售价格, 目前已超过了 Rs 30/ 公斤 在临近马哈拉施特拉邦,CNG 价格仅为 R s 23 到 Rs 24.65/ 公斤 德里的 CNG 价格全国最底, 从去年至今, 燃料价格为 Rs 21/ 每公斤 ( 0.34) 先前在德里 CNG 价格仅为 Rs 18,2006 年 6 月 6 日上升到 Rs 19.20, 但受到消费税降低的影响, 其价格又降至 Rs 在南亚地区,CNG 价格最低的国家是孟加拉国, 其价格在 2008 年翻了一番, 从 T k 8.5/m3 涨到 Tk 16.75/m3 ( 0.18) 巴基斯坦的 CNG 价格从去年年初的每公斤 Rs 增至 Rs Rs 56 ( 0.42),( 据本刊先前报道, 汽油的价格是 Rs 71.21/ 每升, 柴油价格是 Rs 61.70/ 每升, 而等同于 1 升汽油的天然气价格为 Rs 37) 全亚洲 CNG 价格最低的国家是伊朗, 仅为 Irr 200/m3 ( 0.015) 从去年 3 月起, 浦那当地交通部门就规定所有新人力车都必须安装 CNG 或 LPG 转换器, 否则不予颁发行驶执照 巴基斯坦世界早已意识到 NGV 产业在巴基斯坦的重要性 NGV 产业在巴基斯坦十分庞大, 以 2009 年为例,NGV 的保有量占该国汽车总量 ( 包括从轻型到重型等所有燃料的汽车 ) 的 78% 仅就小汽车和轻型汽车而言, 这种清洁能源汽车数量约占 87%( 数据来源 : 亚洲 NGV 通讯和欧洲天然气汽车工业协会 ) 这种情况已引起美国国际发展局 (USAID) 的观注, 并决定帮助巴基斯坦在此领域特别是燃料供给方面提高安全性及服务质量 按照工作计划, 美国国际发展局 (USAID) 和 Yas in Akram Associates (YAA) 合作, 于 2 月底在拉瓦尔品第 伊斯兰堡地区开展维期 2 周的 CNG 加气站员工技能培训 培训的目的在于提高员工的技能, 增加 CNG 加气站的收入及安全性, 以及提高客户服务水平 政府将补贴 3 亿 Rs 支持 8000 辆 CNG 公共汽车计划, 将在 5 年内对于每辆公车补贴 R s 677,181 因此, 首笔 Rs 300,000 将作为计划的启动资金, 其余的 Rs 377,181 助资将分 5 年划拨 欲了解更多详情, 请参看本刊其它报道 伊朗作为世界第三大 NGV 国家, 伊朗在 NGV 汽车方面发展十分迅速 1975 年, 设拉子市改造了 1200 辆出租汽车和私家车, 1983 年马什哈德改装了 1200 辆汽车建立了 2 座加油站, 2001 年相关政策的出台 CNG 加气站建立, 总之, 无论在汽车改装方面还是 OE M 汽车方面都得到了大力发展 2004 年, 伊朗已拥有 NGV 汽车 28,266 辆, 加气站 64 座, 到 2009 年底, 该数量已分别增加到 170 万辆和 1,079 座, 并取代巴西成为世界第三大 NGV 国家 使伊朗取得了今天成功的因素很多, 如政府的大力支持 ( 在政策和资金方面 ) 较汽油而言优惠的价格结构 遍布全国的天然所管道网络 丰富的天然气储量和产量 私有业主的投资 当地技术的应用 以及保护环境的和减少石油进口的决心 回顾使用清洁能源 NGV 汽车代替汽油汽车所取得的成就, 自 2009 年, 伊朗就以汽车保有量的 13% 为 CNG 驱动车的成绩位列世界第 7( 主要是生物能源汽车, 也包括 5500 辆单一或双重能源汽车 ) 那年, 伊朗拥有汽车 1120 万辆, 其中 NGV 汽车 150 万辆 如上所述, 巴基斯坦以 7 8% 的比例排名第一, 孟加拉国以 43% 的比例位列第二, 其它亚洲国家像印度, 以 2.25% 的 CNG 汽车保有量排名十五 中亚国家亚美尼亚以 36% 的比例位列世界每三

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10 8 April 2010 남아시아와이란의 NGV 시장업데이트 방글라데시산업분야에가스공급계획이소개된이후, 정부는올해 2월말을시작으로전력생산을위한가스공급을증가시키기위해 CNG충전소에관한체제를의무화할것을결정했다. 따라서다카시와주변지역의충전소는금요일과토요일을제외하고오전 9시부터오후 4시까지 7시간동안운영을중단한다. 이계획에따라, 주로Titas Gas 구역내인이지역에서는충전소중단기간동안 7-8개의지역으로나뉘어교대로운영된다. 3월초까지, 전력에너지부는 CNG 충전소에대한계획을유지하기위한페트로방글라의제안서를검토했다. 방글라데시수상의고문인 Tawfiq-e-Elahi Chowdhury 는발전소사용을위한가스를절약하려는초기많은시도들이좋은결과를나타내지못했다고밝혔다. 방글라데시는일일약 250 million cubic feet per day (mmcfd) 의부족현상을경험했다. 이것은 Power Development Board발전소에서전기생산이 600MW가부족하게되는문제를야기시켰으며, 국가전체가약 1,500MW의전력부족현상에직면했다. CNG충전소는페트로방글라에의해생산되는가스의 6% 를소비한다.( 생산된 mmcfd 가스중 mmcfd를 CNG 충전소에서소비 ). 국가전체의일일가스수요량은 2,250mmcfd이다. 방글라데시는약 178,000대의 NGV가등록되어있으며 ( 전체는약 200,000대로보고됨 ), 개인소유의승용차, 지프차, 소형버스가약 125,000대이며, 택시 12,000대, 26,0000대의오토릭쇼와 4,500대의 DM-HD 버스가있다. 이부분에서많은가스를소비한다. 가스공급의위기로인하여, 전력에너지광물자원부 (MoPEMR) 국가전체적으로 CNG 충전소의설립을위한지역제장을임명했다. 정부는특수교육없이는 CNG 충전장치의설치를허가하지않는다. 그러나이법규는다카와치타공도시들에는적용되지않는다. 충전소소유주는이것을기회로다카로부터 10-15피트떨어진곳에 CNG충전소를건설했다. 1998년이후로, 약 544개의 CNG 충전소가설치되어 108mmcfd를소비하며, 이중 70mmcdf는다카와근교지역에공급된다. 이충전소들중, 340개는 Titas가스회사의권역내에건설되었으며 ( 다카, 가지푸르, 나르싱디, 나라양간지, 문시간지, 미멘싱, 탄가일과마니칸지 ), Bakhrabad가스회사의권역에 142개, Jalalabad가스회사구역에 36개, achimanchal가스회사구역에 26개가있다. 인도인도의 21살의프로레이서인 Aditya Patel 은 2010년 4월에독일, Nürburgring -Nordschleife 에서열리는폭스바겐 시로코컵 (Volkswagen Scirocco Cup) 에참가하여다시한번세계적으로이목을끌것이다. Patel 은 청정 바이오가스 ( 바이오메탄 ) 로운행하는차량으로써, 국제적인무대에서에코- 레이싱카를운전하는최초의인도인이될것이다. 최근, NGV산업이아주활발하진않지만회복의좋은징후를보이고있다. 세계적인규모의 CNG 용기 (type 1 seamless steel) 제조사인, 중국으로부터보조를받는인도-두바이의 Everest Kanto Cylinder International (EKC) 는 2,700만달러의수출용주문을받았으며, 이중 200만달러는점보실린더의공급에대한것이다. 실린더의인도 (delivery) 는 2010년 5월까지완료될예정이다. 재정부장관인 Pranab Mukherjee 는 4월초를시작으로석유연료의소비세와관세를높였다. 발표에따르면, 3월 5일이래로, 가솔린가격이 Rp 44.72/litre까지 6% 상승했고, 디젤은 Rp 32.87/litre로 8% 상승했다. CNG 가격은도시별로차이가있지만, 변동이없었다. 그러나올해 2월에, 구자라트주에서는 Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation (GSPC) 이소유하는공공분야에서 CNG가격이 Rs 29.75/kg로 Rs.1.75/kg이상승했다. 반면, 다른가스공급자들은- Adani Energy, Gujarat Gas, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd-CNG 소매가를지난해말 Rs 30/kg로인상했다. 인근마하라스트라지역에서는 kg당 Rs 23 ~ Rs 24.65의가격을형성한다. 델리는CNG가격이가장저렴한지역이다. 가스는지난해부터 Rs 21/kg ( 0.34) 에거래되고있다. 델리의이전가격은kg당 Rs 18였으며, 2006년 6월 6일에 Rs 19.20로인상되었고, 그후에소비세감면의혜택으로 Rs 18.90까지가격이인하되었다. 남아시아지역에서 CNG 가격이가장저렴한곳은방글라데시로, 2008년 Tk 8.5/m3 에서Tk 16.75/m3 ( 0.18) 로두배가되었다. 파키스탄에서는 kg당 CNG가격은 Rs Rs 56 ( 0.42) 로 Rs 44.50( 지난호에서보고된바와같이, 가솔린의가격은리터당 Rs 71.21, 디젤은리터당 Rs 61.70이며, CNG가격은휘발유 1리터기준으로 Rs 37임 ) 에서작년초에인상되었다. 전아시아지역에서가장저렴한 CNG는이란의 Irr 200/m3 ( 0.015) 로밝혀졌다. 푸네의지역수송국 (RTO) 은지난 3월, 모든새릭쇼에 CNG 혹은 LPG키트를장착하도록하고그렇지않을경우, 허가를내주지않는법령을공포했다. 파키스탄세계는확실히파키스탄의 NGV중요성을인식했다. 관련사업은규모가꽤크고 (2009년과같이 ) 국가내의 NGV fleet은전체차량대수 ( 모든타입의연료, LD/HD등전차종 ) 의약 78% 를차지한다. 승용과 LD차량부문에서만보아도, 이 청정 차량이약 87% 를나타낸다. ( 자료 : 아시아 NGV커뮤니케이션스, NGVA 유럽 ). 이에미국의국제개발처 (USAID) 가주목을하고연료부문에서특히안전성과서비스질을향상시키기위하여이국가를지원하기로결정했다는것은놀라울일이아니다. 이에 USAID는 Yasin Akram Associates (YAA) 과협력하여2월초까지, 라왈핀디-이슬라마바드도시지역의 CNG충전소의직원을위한 2주 CNG 노동력강화훈련 을시작했다. 이러한교육훈련은 CNG 충전소와고객서비스차원에서종업원의기술과수입과안정성이강화됨을의미한다. 8,000대의 CNG버스프로젝트를위하여전체 3억루피의보조금이정부에서지원될것이다. 각버스의조달을위해, 정부는 5년이상 677,181루피의자금을지원할것이다. 이중, 300,000루피의초기보조금이착수금의일부로써사용되고, 5년이내에 mark-up subsidy payable로써사용되어야한다. 이내용과관련한더많은정보는본잡지의다른기사를보세요 ) 이란세계에서세번째큰NGV 국가로서이란은, 빠른속도로차량을도입하면서좋은경과를보여주고있다 : 1975년쉬라즈시에서 1,200대의개조된택시와자가용으로시작하여, 1983년마샤드시에차량개조와 OEM제작분야에서의중대한실행으로 1,200대의개조차량과 2개의충전소를추가했다. 2001년 CNG충전소의설치와, 법규의제정을시작했다. 2004년에는 28,266대의 NGV와충전소 64개를보유했으며, 그수는 2009년 12월, top3 국가였던브라질을 4위로제치며, 각각 1,700만대의차량과 1,079개의충전소를보유하게되었다. 강력한정부지원 ( 규제와지원금 ), 가솔린대비CNG의적절한가격구조, 전국적인가스파이프라인인프라, 풍부한천연가스매장량과생산, 민간부문에서의안정된투자, 지역기술의활용, 환경의질을향상시키고석유수입비용을줄이기위한강한동기부여와같은여러가지요인들이이란이오늘날이위치에오게끔했다. 환경친화적인 NGV로써, 석유계연료자동차를대체하는데있어서의성과를보면, 2009년까지, 이란은 CNG( 주로 Bifuel차량이지만, Dedicated와 Dualfuel 버스가 5,500대이상됨 ) 로운행하는전체차량중 13% 를차지하여전세계에서 7번째국가가된다. 그해, 이란은 11,200대의차량이증가하여, NGV 1,500만대가되었다. 위에서언급한바와같이, CNG로운행하는차량은전체차량대수대비하여파키스탄이 78% 로 1위를차지하는반면, 방글라데시는 43% 로 2위, 그외남아시아국가이며, 인도가 2.25% 를차지하여 15위국가이다. 중앙아시아의아르메니아는 36% 차지하여전세계 3위국가이다.

11 April Compressors for CNG refuelling

12 10 April 2010 南アジアおよびイランの最新普及状況 バングラディシュ産業界へのガス配給計画の導入後 政府は発電所へのガス供給増加の一助とするために今年の2 月末からCNGスタンドへのガス配給を実施することを決定した ダッカ市とその周辺部では 金曜日と土曜日の午前 9 時から午後 4 時までの7 時間以外の週 5 日はCNGスタンドを閉鎖している この計画では 主にTitasガス ( バングラディシュ最大の国営ガス会社 ) の供給エリアであるが ダッカ市周辺を7から8の区域に分割してCNGスタンド閉鎖を順番に行なっている 3 月始めまでにエネルギー省はCNGスタンドに対するガス配給を続けるためにPetr obangla 社の提案を再検討した 首相補佐官であるTawfiq-e-Elahi Chowdhury 氏は 発電所へのガス供給を確保するために行なった多くの計画は良い結果を出していないと述べた バングラディシュでは 1 日あたり2 億 万立方フィート ( 約 700 万 m3)( mmcfd) のガス供給不足に直面している これはPower Development Boardに全国で1,500MWの電力供給不足の内 600MWの発電不足を生じさせている CNGスタンドはPetrobangla 社によるガス供給量の内 約 6% を消費している (1,960 1,980mmcfdのガス供給量に対して117.6mmcfdをCNGスタンドで消費 ) 全国ベースでの1 日のガスデマンドは2,250mmcfdである バングラディシュの登録 NGV 台数は約 1 7 万 8 千台である ( 国内のNGV 総台数は約 20 万台と言われている ) そのうち 12 万 5 千台は自家用車 ジープ マイクロバスで 1 万 2 千台のタクシー 2 万 6 千台の3 輪車そして4,500 台の大型バスである これらの車両は大量のガスを消費する ガス供給危機のため エネルギー省 (MoP EMR) は 全国でCNGスタンドネットワークを確立するためゾーン制を敷いた 特別な方針がないような地区では政府がCN G 機器設置許可をしない しかし ダッカ市 チッタゴン市ではこの規制が適用されない CNGスタンドオーナーはこれを捉え ダッカ市から10-1 5フィートの所にCNGスタンドを建設した 1998 年以来およそ544ヶ所にCNG スタンドが設置された これらのスタンドは108mmcfdのガスを消費する この内ダッカ市とその周辺では70mmcfd 消費する これらのスタンドの内 340ヶ所はTit asガスの供給エリア ( ダッカ県 ガジプル県 ノルシンディ県 ナラヤンガンジ県 ムンシガンジ県 マイメンシン県 タンガイル県 マニガンジ県 ) にある 142 ヶ所はBakhrabadガス 36ヶ所はJalalab adガス そして26ヶ所は Pachimanchalガスの供給エリアにある インドインドを国際的な視点から見直してみると 21 歳のプロレーサー Aditya Patel 氏はドイツのニューブルグリング ノルドシャライフで2010 年 4 月に開催されるフォルクスワーゲン シロッコカップに参加する計画がある Patel 氏は クリーン バイオガス ( バイオメタン ) 車で国際エコ レースに出場する最初のインド人になる 最近 NGV 産業は穏やかな しかし良い回復傾向を示している 世界の巨大 CNG ボンベ ( タイプ1: 継ぎ目なし鉄製 ) メーカーであるEverest Kanto Cylinder International (EKC) 社は 2,700 万米ドルの輸出用の注文を受けた その内 200 万米ドルはジャンボボンベであった このボンベは20 10 年 5 月までに納品される予定である Pranab Mukherjee 財務大臣は次年度が始まる4 月 1 日から石油燃料の関税および物品税を上げた この発表の後 ノンブランドガソリン価格は1 リットル44.72ルピーと6% 値上がりし 軽油は3 月 5 日から1リットル32.87 ルピーと8% 値上がりした CNG 価格は変わらず 都市によりばらつきがある しかし 今年 2 月にGujarat State Petroleum Corporation (GSPC) が所有するスタンドがグジャラート州でCNG 価格を1.75ルピー /kg から29.75 ルピー /kg に値上げをした 一方 他のガス事業者であるAdani Energy, Gujarat Gas Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltdは 昨年末に30ルピー /kgを超えるcng 価格の値上げを行なった 近くのマハーラーシュトラ州ではCNG 価格は1kgあたり 23から24.65ルピーの間である デリーでは CNG 価格が最も安く 昨年から21ルピー /kg(0.34ユーロ) で売られている それ以前の価格は18ルピーであった これまでも2006 年 6 月 6 日に19.20ルピーに値上がりし 消費税免除が認められ 18.90ルピーに値下がりした しかし 南アジアで最も安いCNG 価格はバングラディシュであった そこでは8.5 タカ /m3から2008 年に16.75タカ /m3(0.18ユーロ) と倍になった パキスタンでは 1kgあたりのCNG 価格が昨年始めに44.50ルピーから48.60から56ルピー (0.42ユーロ) に値上がりした ( 前号で報じたようにガソリンが1 リットル71.21ルピー 軽油が61.70 ルピーに対し CNGがガソリン等価で3 7ルピーである ) アジア全域で最も安い CNG 価格はイランで200イラン リアル /m3(0.015ユーロ) である プネ市では 3 月から自動車局がすべての3 輪車の新車に対してCNGまたはLPGでない場合には許可を出さないこととした パキスタン世界はパキスタンでのNGVの重要性を確かに認識している 2009 年現在でNG Vビジネスは大きく 全車両保有台数の内 約 78% がNGVである 乗用車 小型車だけでもNGVは87% を占める (Asi an NGV Communications,NGVA Europe 調べ )United States Agency for International Development (USAID) がパキスタンにおけるNGV 特に充填に関して安全性の改善およびサービス品質向上の助成を行なうことを決定したことは驚くことではない Yasin Akram Associates (YAA) と協力してUSAIDは 2 月末にラワルピンディー イスラマバード周辺でCNGスタンド充填員に対して2 週間のCNG 充填作業の訓練を始めた この訓練は充填員の技能や収入 CNGスタンドの安全性 顧客サービスの向上を意図している CNGバス8 千台プロジェクトでは 合計 3 億ルピーの補助が政府により行なわれる予定である バスの調達に政府は5 年間で 677,181ルピー基金を用意する その内 30 万ルピーは立ち上げ時に使われ 残りの377,181ルピーが5 年間の積増し分である 詳細は本誌の記事を参照いただきたい イラン世界で第 3 位のNGV 普及国であるイランは速いスピードで良い進捗を示している 1975 年にシーラーズ市で1,200 台の改造タクシーと自家用車から始まり さらに1983 年には改造車とOEM 車により さらに1,200 台のNGV マシャド市での2ヶ所のCNGスタンドの設置があった 2001 年からはCNGスタンドの規制と設置が始まった 2004 年には28, 266 台のNGV,64ヶ所のCNGスタンドであったが 2009 年 12 月までに 170 万台のNGVと1,079ヶ所のCN Gスタンドになった これはブラジルを世界第 3 位から第 4 位に押しのけてしまった イランが現在のNGV 普及台数の位置を確立したのは 環境改善と輸入原油削減という大きなモチベーションと共に強力な政府の支援 ( 規制と補助 ) ガソリンと比較して優位なCNG 価格 全国に及ぶガスパイプライン網 豊富な天然ガス埋蔵量と生産量 民間企業の資本参加 自国の技術の活用などがあったためである ガソリンや軽油で動く自動車から環境にやさしいNGVに代わる動きを見てみると 2009 年以来イランは自動車保有台数の 13% をCNG 車 ( 主としてバイフューエル車で他に5,500 台の専焼車 デュアルフューエル車がある ) 占める世界第 7 位の国である その年にイランは1,120 万台の車の内 150 万台がNGVであった すでに示したようにパキスタンは第 1 位で78% バングラディシュは第 2 位で4 3% 他の南アジア諸国 インドは第 15 位で2.25% がCNG 車である 中央アジアのアルメニアが世界第 3 位で36% をC NG 車が占めている

13 April

14 12 April 2010 دوجوم یک یکرام یک ناریا روا ایشیا یبونج : شید لگنب ایک لصیف ن تموکح دعب ک نارک فراعتم یم وتعنصوک میکس گنشار یک سیگ گنلف سیگ س رخا ک یرورف لاس سا ک انرک فاضا یم یم ارف یک سیگ ئل ک نرک ادیپ یلجب دصقم اک سج ئاج ایک جئار وک ماظن سا ی ب رپ ونشی س سیگ ی ب ر پ وک تف روا عمج ئاوس ام ی ت ر دنب ند چناپ یم تف نشی س جب ٩ حبص ئل ک و ن گ 7 یم وقالع قحلم س سا روا کا یترک یم ارف سیگ سا ی رپ روط صاخ ا ج قالع و ی تحت ک بوصنم ی ت ر ل ک کت جب 4 ماش س یم نوز 7-8 وک ایگ ایک میسقت اتاج ایک دما ردلمع رپ نرکدنب وک ونشی س رپ ا ج لگنب ور یپ ن یجرنا و یلجب ترازو یم عورش ک چرام یک یناث رظن رپ ئاج ا کر یراج رپ ونشی س یج نیا یس فرص وک میکس ک زیوجت یک ن یر دوچ ی لا قیفوت ریشم ک مظعا ریزو ا ک ئا ی ن نماس جئاتن اوخ رطاخ یئوک نکیل ی یئگ یک یششوک کیا یئک ئل ک نالپ رواپ ی ب ل پ س سا ک یمک باسح ک یموی ف کبویک نیلم 250 ابیرقت یم ینشور یک تابرجت ک شید لگنب وک روب نمپلیو رواپ س جو یک سج انماس اک نرک ادیپ یلجب مک او اگیم 600 انماس اک یمک یک یلجب او اگیم 1,500 ابیرقت وک موق یروپ کبج ونشی س یج نیا یس اتو فرص صح 6% اک راوادیپ یک سیگ یک لگنب ور یپ یم ک ونشی س یج نی یسd 117.6mmcf س یم mm cfd لک ( ئل 2,250 m mcf d گنام یک سیگ یموی یک موق یروپ ) یلم عالطا ی) ی یو یج نیا ر سجر 178,000 ابیرقت یم شید لگنب یجن 125,000 س یم نج ) ی ای اگ 200,000 ابیرقت ک دایز ت ب ای اگ ی ی یسب ی چیا میا ی 45,000 روا شکر و ا 26,000 ایسکی 12,000 و ای اگ ورکئام روا یپیج ای اگ یج نیا یس ن( R M) o P E M زسروسیر لرنم روا یجرنا رواپ ترازو س جو یک تالکشم یم یم ارف یک سیگ ی یترک فرص سیگ ایک رایت لوصا اک نرک میسقت یم نوز وک وقالع ک کلم روپ ئل ک نلو ک نشی س یس یم تاج قالع دنچ ریغب ک تایاد صاخ قالطا اک سا کبج یتید ی ن یروظنم تموکح ئل ک نلو ک نشی س یج نیا گنلف اتو ی ن رپ ور ش ک گناگا چ روا کا روا ا کید عقوم ی ن ناکلام ک نشی س ابیرقت رک ل س 1998 ئک ریمعت نشی س یج نیا یس رپ لصاف ک ف 15 س 10 س کا ی ترک فرص سیگcfd 108 mm ک وج ئگ ئک ریمعت نشی س یج نیا یس 544 فرص 70mmcfd س یم سج یحاون ک سا روا کا یتو لامعتسا یم وقالع کا ( ایگ ایک ریمعت وقالع ک ینپمک سیگ سا ی وک نج ی سیا نوی 340 س یم ونشی س نا سیگ لچنا م چپ 26 روا ک سیگ دابا لالج 36 ک ینپمک سیگ دابا رخب 142 (ناگکینام روا لگنات جنگ یشنم جنگ نئاران یدگنسران روپ یزاغ ی لماش قالع ک یمل ینپمک :ای نا نگیو سکوو لی پ یتدا رسیر رو شیپ انارپ لاس 21 س یم کلم ئل ک نرک ر اظ رپ حطس یماوقالا نیب ر پ بترم کیا وک ای نا رپ جی س لنشین ر نا ک وج اگ و نی نا ال پ لی پ ا ر ل صح یم ینمرج فیلش ران گنرگ رب رن 2010 لیرپا پک وکوریکس یئو ر اظ یقرت یفاک یم تعنص یک یو یج نیا یم ی لاح اگ ئالچ راک گنسیر وکیا یلاو نلچ س (نی تیم ویئاب) سیگ ویئاب نیلک E) لنشین ر نا ر نلس و ناک سرویا لاو نانب ک (لی س سیلمیس مسق 1) ر نلس یج نیا یس نئاج لرو تمالع ی چا کیا ک وج سج ایک لصاح ر را اک نرک دما رب یک ر نلس ک رلا نکیرما نیلم 27 یئبود س ای نا س نواعت ک ینپمک ینیچ کیا ینپا ن (C K ایگ ایک رایت اک کت 2010 یئم لو یش اک لیمکت و لیسرت یک ور نلس نا ی لماش ر نلس وبمج ک تیلام یک رلا نکیرما نیلم 2 یم یک ی وی زئاسکیا روا م سک رپ تاعونصم یک میلو ر یپ ا ر و عورش س لیرپا 1 وج ئل ک لاس لگا ن یجر کم بانرپ تایلام ریزو س چرام 5 تحت ک سج ایگ و فاضا کت 6% یم وتمیق یک نیلوسیگ ) ک مان ریغب) ی تو ک نالعا سا ایک فاضا یم حرش وج ی ن یلیدبت یئوک یم وتمیق یک یج نیا یس کبج ر یل یف پور تاس ک 8% لزی ر یل یف پور تمیق یک لور پ نشیروپراک میلور یپ ی س تارجگ یتیکلم یک ر کیس یویئارپ یم یرورف لاس سا ی بر پ فلتخم ئل ک ور ش فلتخم ک کبج ایگ و پور تاس ک فاضا س باسح ک مارگ ولک یف پور 1.75 یم وتمیق یج نیا یس یم تارجگ ن (C G) S P ایک فاضا یم رخا ک لاس ل چپ ن یمل نشیروپراک میلور یپ ناتسودن روا سیگ تارجگ یجرنا ینادا لاو نرک ای م سیگ رسود روا پور یتمیق یک یج نیا یس ا ج ار شارا م یم سو پ یئگ رک روبع دح یک پور یتمیق یک سا دعب ک سج ا ت یف پور ن دنیا ا و ی مک س بس یتمیق یک یج نیا یس ا ج یم یل د لاس ل چپ ی ر س باسح ک ولک یف پور ی ر مارگ ولک یف پور رک ب س پور یتمیق ولک یف یم یل د ل پ س سا ی ر س باسح ک( 0.34 وروی) مارگ ولک ایشیا نکیل ی ت و چ یک ی وی زئاسکیا یم سج ی ت پور ک وج یئا یمک یم وتمیق یک نا دعب ک سا روا نوج E) u ک یف س ک m3/8.5 ینعی یئگ و انگ ود وج یم 2008 ی ر یم شید لگنب یتمیق مک س بس یک یج نیا یس یم ا ت او یم عورش ک لاس ل چپ فاضا اک نج (0.42 ro. E) u پور پور تمیق یک یج نیا یس ولک کیا ناتسکاپ ro.0.15) پور-/ لزی روا 71.21/ltr تمیق یک نیلوسیگ ک ا ت ایگ ایک رشن یم نشی یا ل چپ ک اسیج) ی ت پور تمیق یل پ یکسا تمیق مک س بس یک یج نیا یس یم نجیر ایشیا (ی ت پور ینعی ربارب ک نیلوسیگ ر یل کیا تمیق یک یج نیا یس کبج ر یل یف یک یراج یرک ن سفا روپسنار لنجیر یم نوپ یم چرام ل چپ.( ro E). u لایر یناریا /m3 ک وج یتاج یئاپ یم ناریا ایک ی ن ی راج سنسئال یئوک ریغب ک سا و تاس ک س ک یج یپ لیا ای یج نیا یس ک یرورض ئل ک شکر ئن مامت ک اگ ئاج : ناتسکاپ یک یو یج نیا یم کلم (قباطم ک 2009 ) ی ی ب ینتا یسب ایک میلست وک تیم ا یک یو یج نیا یم ناتسکاپ یم تقیقح ن ایند ی لماش( ای اگ یرا ب ای اگ یکل ای اگ یلاو نلچ س ن دنیا مامت یم سج) ی لماش س یم وی اگ دوجوم% 78 ابیرقت یلف یو یج نیا نیشیا : عیرذ) یترک یگدنئامن یک 78% ابیرقت یلف فاص ی تمالع دحاو کیا ی یم وی اگ ی وی ئال روا یم راک ID) U) S A یقرت یملاع ئارب یسنجیا یک دحتم ئا تسایر ک ی ن تاب یک تریح یئوک ی (پروی ا یو یج نیا روا نشیکینویمک ر کیس ک گنلویف ئل ک نال یرت ب یم رایعم روا تامدخ تاظفحت یک کلامم نا ک ایک لصیف ی ئو تیل س ون اک تاب سا ن ک دابا مالسا ی نپلاوار س نواعت ک( Y) A A س یا یسوسیا مرکا نیسی یا سیا وی یم رخا ک یرورف ئل ک سا ئاج یک ددم یم یک نیمزالم دصقم اک تیبرت سا یک عورش تیبرت کیا یک وتف ود ئل ک فا س یج نیا یس ک نجیر روا ک ونشی س ک ور ش وسب یج نیا یس 8,000 انانب رت ب وک تامدخ ئل ک نیفراص روا ظفحت یم ونشی س یج نیا یس تاس ک فاضا یم ندما روا ترا م یراک یامرس یک پور-/ 667,181 تموکح ئل ک یرادیرخ یک سب کیا یگ رک شیپ یک ددم یک پور نیلم 300 تموکح ئل ک بوصنم ک ئل ک یگیئادا یگشیپ ئل ک یرادیرخ یک سب کیا پور-/ 300,000 ئل ک سا یگ و ئل ک صرع ک لاس چناپ ک وج یگ رک نیزگیم سا ئل ک تامولعم دیزم قلعتم س سا گ و ادا لباق یم لاس 5 یم تروص یک پا کرام پور-/ 377,181 روا گ یئاج ئک لامعتسا یرک علاطم اک نومضم دحیلع کیا یم :ناریا وی اگ تاس ک یزیت دایز ک رک ر اظم اک یگدرکراک ی چا ن ناریا س طان ک نو کلم یو یج نیا ب رپ ربمن رسیت یم ایند والع ک سا ا ت او عورش کرک لیدبت وک وی اگ یجن روا یسکی 1200 ی یم ر ش ک زاریش یم 1975 ایک لامعتسا اک نامیپ ب یم 2001 رپ زاغا ک نرک لیدبت وک وی اگ ئگ ئک عورش یم 1983 یم ر ش ک د شم نشی س گنلف 17 روا ای اگ 1200 ی ب یرایت یک نیناوق قلعتم س سا روا ریمعت یک ونشی س یج نیا یس تاس تاس ک نرک رایت تاس کM O E ت اس ک دما ردلمع رپ 1079 روا ای اگ نیلم 1.7 رک ب بیترتلاب دادعت ی یم 2009 ربمسد ت نشی س 64 تاس ک یو یج نیا 28,264 یم 2004 یئگ یک سیا راس ت ب ایگ الچرپ ربمن توچ رک لکن س تسر ف یک کلامم ب نیت ل پ وج لیزارب س جو یک سج یئگ و نشی س ک نیلوسیگ(تاعارم روا طباوض و دعاوق) نواعت یتموکح جو ی ب بس یم سج جا و رپ سج الم ماقم ی وک ناریا س جو یک نج قئاقح یداینب یک ونئال پئاپ یم کلم روپ رپ ماقم سا جا ناریا س جو یک سج چنا اک وتمیق بسانم ئل ک C N G یم لباقم اک یجولانکی یماقم تاس ک یراک یامرس یتکارش ی چا طوبضم یویئارپ راوادیپ یک سا روا ریخذ اک C N G صوصخم (١) تایلو س وک یو یج نیا تسود لوحام یم وی اگ انال یمک یم تاجارخا ک دما رد یک لیت روا بذج اک نانب رت ب وک تلاح یک تایلوحام یم سج لامعتسا تاس ک وی اگ یو یج نیا وی اگ 13% س یم وی اگ لک ناریا ئو تیل زئاج اک نرک لصاح وک فاد ا ک لامعتسا ک ن دنیا لدابتم

15 April

16 14 April 2010 สถานการณ ตลาด NGV ในภ ม ภาคเอเช ยใต และประเทศอ หร าน ก ก ก ก ก ก ก NGV ก 2553 ก ก ก NGV ก 5 ก ก ก Dhaka ก ก ก Titas Gas ก ก 7-8 ก ก ก Petrobangla ก ก NGV ก Tawfiq-e-Elahi Chowbhury ก ก ก ก ก 250 ก ก 600 ก 1,500 ก ก NGV ก Petrobangla 6% (117.6 ก ก ก NGV ก 1,960-1,980 ก ก ) ก ก 2,250 ก ก NGV 178,000 ( NGV 200,000 ) 125,000 ก 12,000 26,000 ก 4,500 ก CNG ก ก ก ก ก กก ก NGV ก CNG ก ก ก ก ก ก Dhaka Chittagong ก NGV ก ก NGV ก Dhaka ก NGV ก 108 ก ก 70 ก ก Dhaka ก ก NGV 340 ก Titas Gas ( Dhaka, Gazipur, Narsingdi, Narayanganj, Munshiganinj, Mymensingh, Tangail Manikganj) 142 Bakhrabad Gas 36 Jalalabad Gas 26 Pachimanchal Gas ก Aditya Patel ก 21 ก ก Volkswagen Scirocco Cup Nurburgring-Nordschleife Patel ก ก (Eco car) ก (Biomethane) ก NGV ก Everest Kanto Cylinder International (EKC) ก ก CNG ( ก type 1) ก 27 2 ก ก ก ก ก ก ก Pranab Mukherjee ก ก ก 1 ก ก ก 6% % CNG ก ก ก ก Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation (GSPC) ก CNG กก ก ก ก ก Adani Energy, Gujarat Gas Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. ก CNG ก 30 ก ก CNG Maharashtra ก ก Delhi CNG ก 21 ก ก CNG ก ก ก ก กก ก ก ก CNG ก 2 ก 8.5 ก ก (0.18 ) 2551 ก NGV ก ก (0.42 ) ก CNG ก 200 ก ก (0.015 ) Pune ก กก ก CNG LPG ก ก ก ก NGV ก ก NGV ก 2552 NGV 78 % ก ( ก ก ก ) ก ก 87% ( : Asian NGV Communications and NGVA Europe) ก ก USAID (United State Agency for International Development) ก ก ก ก ก ก Job Project USAID ก YAA (Yasin Akram Associates ก ก ก ก ก ก NGV 2 Rawalpindi-Islamabad ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก 300 ก CNG 8,000 ก ก 677,181 / ก ก 300,000 ก 377,181 5 ก ก NGV ก 3 ก ก 2518 ก ก CNG 200 Shiraz ก CNG ก 1, ก NGV 2 Mashad ก NGV ก CNG ก ก (OEM) 2544 ก กก ก ก NGV 2547 NGV 28,266 ก ก 1, ก ก NGV 3 ก ก ก ( ก ก ก ) CNG กก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก NGV 7 ก 13 % NGV ก CNG (Bi-fuel) CNG Dedicated Dual Fuel กก 5, ก CNG 1.5 ก 11.2 ก ก NGV ก 1 78 % ก ( 2) 43% ก % ก ก 3 ก 36%

17 April Update pangsa pasar di Asia Selatan dan Iran Bangladesh Stelah memperkenalkan skema gas rasio di sektor industri (pabrik), pemerintah Bangladesh menerapkan sistem ini di segmen stasion pengisian bahan bakar CNG sejak akhir bulan Februari. Sistem ini diterapkan sejak akhir bulan Februari dengan tujuan untuk membantu meningkatkan supply gas bagi pengadaan listrik. Stasiun CNG di kota Dhaka dan sekitarnya ditutup 5 hari per minggu selama 7 jam dari jam , kecuali pada hari Jumat dan Sabtu Menurut rencana awal, daerah ini yang termasuk dalam area layanan Titan Ga, dibagi menjadi 7-8 zona yang mana sistem rasio gas akan diputar di antara zona-zona ini selama program ini berlangsung. Di awal bulan Maret, menteri enerji menelaah proposal dari Petrobangla sehubungan dengan kelanjutan skema penutupan stsiun ini. Penasihat perdana menteri Tawfiq-e- Elahi Chowdhury menyatakan bahwa usaha-usaha penghematan gas bagi pengadaan listrik yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya tidaklha menunjukkan hasil yang bagus. Bangladesh mengalami kekurangan gas sebanyak 250 juta kaki (mmcfd) kubik million cubic perharinya Konsekuensinya, kapasitas produksi listrik Dewan Pengembangan Power 600MW lebih sedikit dari demand, sedangkan secara keseluruhan Bangladesh kekurangan 1,500 MW listrik. Stasiun CNG mengkonsumsi sekitar 6% dari total produksi gas dari Petrobangla (117.6 mmcfd bagi stasiun CNG sedangkan total produksi gas adalah sebanyak 1,960-1,980 mmcfd). Demand gas per hari bagi seluruh Bangladesh adalah sebesar 2,250 mmcfd. Negara ini mempunyai sekitar 178,000 NGVs (mobil dengan BBG) yang telah diregistrasikan ke pihak wewenang (atau sekitar 200,000 unit termasuk kendaraan-kendaraan yang belum diregistrasi). Yang mana, 125,000 unit adalah mobil pribadi, jeeps dan bis mini plus 12,000 taxi, 26,000 autorickshaws (bajaj), dan 4,500 bis MD-HD. Armada kendaraan BBG ini mengkonsumsi banyak gas. Dengan adanya gas krisis ini, menteri enerji dan mineral (MoPEMR) membuat peraturan pembangunan stasiun CNG berdasarkan prinsip zona-zona. Pemerintah tidak akan mengijinkan instalasi dari konstruksi stasiunstasiun ini di area-area tertentu tanpa adanya instruksi khusus dari pihak berwenang. Namun, peraturan ini tidak berlaku bagi kota Dhaka dan Chittagong cities. Pemilik stasiun BBG melihat kesempatan ini dan membangun stasiun sekitar kaki dari Dhaka. Sekitar 544 stasiun CNG telah dibangun di negara ini sejak tahun Stasiun-stasiun ini mengkonsumsi gas sebanyak 108 mmcfd yang mana 70 mmcdf digunakan di Dhaka dan daerah sekitarnya. Sekitar 340 unit dari stasiun-stasiun tersebut dibangun di daerah layanan Titas Gas (Dhaka, Gazipur, Narsingdi, Narayanganj, Munshiganj, Mymensingh, Tangail and Manikganj), 142 di area Bakhrabad Gas Company, 36 di area Jalalabad Gas, dan 26 di area layanan Pachimanchal Gas Company Limited. India Racer profesional muda terkenal India (21 tahun), Aditya Patel, akan ikut serta dalam Volkswagen Scirocco Cup di bulan April 2010 di Nürburgring -Nordschleife, Jerman. Dengan demikian, Patel yang akan mengendarai mobil berbahan bakar biogas, adalah racer pertama India yang mengikuti mobil eco-racing di tingkat internasional. Akhir-akhir ini, sektor NGV mengalami sedikit perkembangan walaupun demikian hal ini menunjukkan tanda bagus kea rah recovery. Produser besar CNG cylinder (type 1 besi), Everest Kanto Cylinder International (EKC) dari India-Dubai dengan cabang Cinanya menerima order export besar senilai USD 27 juta, termasuk order Jumbo Cylinder senilai USD 2 juta. Diharapkan produk ini akan selesai dikirim pada bulan Mei Menteri Keuangan Pranab Mukherjee akan menerapkan kenaikan pajak customs and excise dari minyak sejak dimulainya tahun keuangan (fiscal year) baru dari tanggal 1 April Akibatnya, sejak tanggal 5 Maret, harga bensin (tanpa merk) sudah ditingkatkan sebanyak 6% menjadi Rp 44.72/liter sedangakan harga diesel naik 8% menjadi Rp 32.87/liter. Harga CNG tidak berubah dan berbeda antara kota yang satu dan lainnya. Meskipun demikian, Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation (GSPC) menaikkan harga CNG di Gujarat sebanyak Rs.1.75/kg menjadi Rs 29.75/kg. Pemasok gas lainnya--adani Energy, Gujarat Gas dan Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd telah menikkan harga retail CNG di akhir tahun lalu menjadi lebih dari Rs 30/kg. Di sekitar Maharashtra, CNG dijual seharga Rs 23 dan Rs per kg. Harga CNG termurah dapat ditemukan di Delhi:Rs 21/kg ( 0.34 sejak tahun lalu). Sebelumya, CNG dijual senilai Rs 18, meningkat menjadi Rs di bulan Juni 6, 2006 kemudian diturunkan lagi menjadi Rs setelah pemerintah menurunkan pajak excise. CNG termurah di Asia Selatan dapat ditemukan di Bangladesh. Di tahun 2008, harganya meningkat dua kali lipat dari Tk 8.5/m3 menjadi Tk 16.75/m3 ( 0.18). Di Pakistan, 1 kg CNG dijual seharga Rs Rs 56 ( 0.42)sejak tahun allu sedangkan harga sebelumnya adalah Rs (seperti yagn telah dilaporkan di edisi Maret majalah ini, bensin dijual seharga Rs 71.21/liter dan diesel Rs 61.70/liter sedangakan harga CNG ekuivalent-1-liter-bensin dalah sebanyak Rs 37). Di seluruh regio Asia, Iran menjual CNG termurah: Irr 200/m3 ( 0.015). Di Pune, Kantor Transport Regional (RTO) mengeluarkan peraturan baru yang mengharuskan seluruh rickshaws (dengan registrasi) baru untuk dilengkapi dengan CNG atau LPG kits sejak bulan Maret lalu. Jika tidak, ijin pengeoperasian kendaraannya tidak akan dikeluarkan. March otherwise no license will be given. Pakistan Seluruh dunia telah melihat betapa pentingya posisi Pakistan di industri NGV. Bisnis NGV di negeri ini sangatlah besar, yang mana pangsa armada NGV sejak tahun 2009 sebesar 78% dari total populasi kendaraan (dengan seluruh ukuran dari LDV-HDV dan dari seluruh jenis bahan bakar ) di Pakistan (sejak 2009) Di segmen mobil dan Light Duty Vehicle, pasar NGV adalah sebanyak 87% (sumber: Asian NGV Communications dan NGVA Europe). Tidaklah heran jika United States Agency for International Development (USAID) melihat pentingya industri NGV di negara ini. USAID memutuskan untuk membantu Pakistan untuk meningkatkan kualitas servis dan keamanannya terutama di sektor stasiun CNG. Melalui Job Project, USAID bekerja sama dengan Yasin Akram Associates (YAA) menyediakan traingin bagi staff stasiun CNG di kota Rawalpindi- Islamabad dan daerah sekitarnya selama 2 minggu, pada akhir Februari lalu. Bagi proyek 8,000 bis CNG, total Rs 300 jutan subsidi akan disediakan oleh pemerintah. Untuk setiap unit bis, dana sebesar Rs 677,181 akan diberikan secara bertahap dalam jangka waktu lima tahun. Dari dana itu, Rs 300,000 dapat digunakan sebagai down payment pembelian bis dan Rs 377,181 sebagai subsidi cicilan yang akan diberikan dalam jangka 5 tahun tersebut. Baca artikel tambahan tentang Paksitan dan program bis di halamn lain apda majalah ini. Iran Sebagai kota ke 3 terbesar dunia, Iran menunjukkan perkembangan yang sangat bagus dalam rangka pengadopsian NGV: di mulai pada tahun 1975 dengan 1,200 taxi yang dimodifikasi (retrofit) dan mobil milik pribadi di kota Shiraz plus 1,200 retrofit mobil tambahan dan dua stasiun CNG di kota Mashad pada tahun Penerapan program secara aktif (di bidang konversi/retrofit dan mobil butan pabrik/oem) dimulai sejak tahun 2001 dibarengi dengan keluarnya peraturan bagi konstruksi dan penyediaan stasiun CNG. Di tahun 2004, Iran mempunyai 28,266 NGVs dan 64 stasiun, meningkat menjadi 1.7 juta kendaraan dan 1,079 stasiun di bulan December 2009, dan menggeser Brazil dari top-3 ranking ke posisi ke 4 dunia. Beberapa factor yang membantu Iran mejadi negara besar NGV termasuk support kuat dari pemerintah (peraturan dan subsidi), struktur harga menarik bagi CNG dibanding bensin, infrastruktur jalur pipa yang terdapat di seluruh negara ini (!), simpanan lokal dan produksi NG yang sangat banyak, keterlibatan aktif dari sektor swasta dan investasinya, penggunaan teknologi dan produk lokal, dan motivasi tinggi high untuk meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan hidup dan untuk mengurangi pengeluaran di bidang import minyak. Menurut ranking negara dengan tingkat penggantian kendaraan berbahan bakar minyak dengan kendaraan berbahan bakar CNG, Iran menempati posisi ke 7 dunia. Sekitar 13% dari Total populasi kendaraan negara ini menggunakan CNG (sebagian besar mobil bifuel bensin/cng dan juga 5,500 bis-bis sistem dual duel and 100% CNG) sejak tahun Di saat itu, Iran mempunyai 11.2 juta kendaraan termasuk 1.5 juta NGVs. Pakistan emnempati posisi teratas deng 75% kendaraan ber-bb CNG, Bangaldesh di tempat kedua dengan 43%, dan negara Asia Selatan lainnya, India, menduduki posisi ke 15 dengan 2.25%. Armenia di Asia Central menempati posisi ke tiga dua dengan 36% dari total armada kendaraan ber-bb CNG.

18 16 April 2010 ব জ র আপড ট কর দক ষ ণ এশ য় এব ইর ন ব ল দ শ : শ ল প স ক টর গ য স rationing পর কল পন উপস থ পন কর র পর, সরক র অধ ক র উ প দন র জন য গ য স সরবর হ স হ য য করব দ ধ করত CNG filling স ট শন শ র কর হচ ছ প র ন ত ফ ব র য় র এই বছরট পদ ধত আর প করত স দ ধ ন ত ন য় ছ ল স ট শন ত ই প চ দ ন একট সপ ত হ ব যত ত জন য শ ক রব র বন ধ কর হয় এব ৯ হ থ ক ৭ ঘন ট র জন য শন ব র ঢ ক শহর ৪ pmত এব এল ক পর ব ষ টন করছ পর কল পন, এই অঞ চল অন স র ট, য ট Titas গ য স প রত ব দন প রচ র র মধ য প রধ নত পড়, স ট শন বন ধ র প রয় গ র সময় হ আবর তন করত ৭-৮ অঞ চল র দ ক ভ গ কর হয় আগ র ম র চ, অধ ক র এব শক ত মন ত রণ লয় র মধ য CNG স ট শন র জন য পর কল পন র খত Petrobangla s প রস ত ব পর য ল চন কর ছ ল প রধ ন minister s পর মর শদ ত Tawfiq-e-Elahi চ ধ র বল ছ ল য অধ ক র গ ছপ ল র জন য গ য স স রক ষণ করত অন ক গ ড় র দ ক প রচ ষ ট য ক ন ভ ল ফল ফল দ খ ন প র য় ২৫০ দশ লক ষ cubic ফ ট প রত দ ন র ব ল দ শ অভ জ ঞত ঘ টত (mmcfd) এইট ১, ৫০০ MWএর ধ র ক ছ র প র জ ত তড় ঘ টত র সময় ৬০০ MW কম তড় উ প দন করত অধ ক র উন নয়ন ব র ড ঘট য় ছ সম ম খ ন হয় ছ CNG filling স ট শন Petrobanglaএর মধ য ম ট গ য স র প র য় ৬% consumeয় ত র কর (CNG স ট শন ব ইর এর ম ট ১৯৬০-১৯৮০ mmcfdএর জন য mmcfd ত র কর ছ ল) প র জ ত র জন য প রত দ ন গ য স চ হ দ ২, ২৫০ mmcfd ব ল দ শ র ১৭৮এর ধ র ক ছ রয় ছ, ০০০ NGVs ন বন ধন কর হয় (এইট প রত ব দন কর হয় ছ ল য ম ট ২০০, ০০০ গ ড় র ধ র ক ছ ), র য ট ১২৫, ০০০ একক গ ড়, jeeps এব micro-buses ব যক ত গতভ ব ম ল ক হওয় হয়, plus ১২, ০০০ ট য ক স cabs, ২৬, ০০০ autorickshaws, এব ৪, ৫০০ DM-HD ব স এই ন বহরট অন ক গ য স consumeয় সরবর হ গ য স সঙ কট র দর ন, অধ ক র, শক ত এব খন জ পদ র থ সম পদ র মন ত রণ লয় (MoPEMR) জ ত জ ড় CNG filling স ট শন র প রত ষ ঠ ন র জন য zoning প রধ ন ত র কর ছ ল সরক র ব শ ষ ন র দ শন ব যত ত ন শ চ ত এল ক ত CNG dispensing একক র ইনস টল শন অন ম দন করব ন উপরন ত, প রব ধ ন ঢ ক এব চট টগ র ম নগর ত প রয় গ কর ন স ট শন স বত ত ধ ক র এই স য গট ভর ত করছ ল দ খছ ল এব ঢ ক থ ক CNG স ট শন ১০-১৫ ফ ট ন র ম ন কর ছ ল ৫৪৪ CNG স ট শন র ধ র ক ছ ১৯৯৮ থ ক ইনস টল কর হয় ছ ল য ট gas ofএর ১০৮ mmcfd consumeয় য ট ৭০ mmcdf ঢ ক এব এর শহরতল ত dispenseওয় হয় স ই স ট শনগ ল র, ৩৪০ একক Titas গ য স ক ম প ন এল ক র মধ য ন র ম ন কর হয় ছ ল (ঢ ক, Gazipur, Narsingdi, Narayanganj, Munshiganj, Mymensingh, ট ঙ গ ইল এব Manikganj) Jalalabad গ য স র অধ ন Bakhrabad গ য স ক ম প ন, ৩৬এর অধ ন, ১৪২, Pachimanchal গ য স ক ম প ন স ম বদ ধ এল ক র অধ ন এব ২৬ ভ রত : স ই দ শট, Aditya Patel থ ক আন তর জ ত ক চ খ, একট ২১-year প রন প শ দ র racerত ভ রত একব র প নর য় উত ত লন করছ, - Nordschleife, জ র ম ন Nürburgringত Volkswagen Scirocco ক প এই এপ র ল ২০১০ট য গদ ন করত য চ ছ Patel clean biogasএর মধ য একট য ন র সঙ গ হ স ব আন তর জ ত ক দশ ত একট eco-racing গ ড় চ ল ত প রথম ভ রত য় অধ ক রব (biomethane) স ম প রত ক ক ল, NGV শ ল প মধ যপন থ দ খ চ ছ ক ন ত প নর দ ধ র র ভ ল চ হ ন প থ ব দ ত য CNG cylinder (ধরন ১ seamless steel) প রস ত ত ক রক, এভ র ষ ট Kanto Cylinder আন তর জ ত ক (EKC) এর চ ন সম প রক র সঙ গ India-Dubai থ ক, USD ২৭ দশ লক ষ রপ ত ন ধ র অর জন কর ছ, র য ট USD ২ দশ লক ষ Jumbo cylindersএর সরবর হ র জন য ছ ল cylindersএর ব ল কর ম ২০১০এর মধ য হ শ ষ করত ন র ধ র ত সময় হয় র জস ব মন ত র Pranab Mukherjee র ত ন ত ব দ ধ কর ছ ল এব পরবর ত fiscal বছর শ র কর হচ ছ এপ র ল ১ম র জন য প ট র ল য় ম জ ব ল ন র excise দ ব য় ত ব ঘ ষণ অন সরণ করছ, (non-branded) ৫ ম র চ থ ক ৮% ব দ ধ খরচ Rp 32 87/litreএর সঙ গ ড জ ল র সময় Rp 44 72/litreত ৬%এর মধ য gasoline দ ম গ ল প CNG দ ম অপর বর ত ত থ ক এব শহর শহর থ ক পর বর তন কর ফ ব র য় র এই বছর, উপরন ত ট, সরক র ম ল ক ন ধ ন গ জর ট র জ য প ট র ল য় ম কর প র শন ম ল ক হয় ছ ল (GSPC) গ জর ট ট ক 1 75/kg থ ক ট ক 29 75/kgএর মধ য CNGএর দ ম উত ত লন কর ছ ল, ইত মধ য অন য ন য গ য স প রদ নক র -- Adani শক ত, গ জর ট গ য স এব হ ন দ স ত ন প ট র ল য় ম কর প র শন Ltd-- ত দ র CNG retail দ ম দ র ত গতবছর, crossing ট ক ৩০/kg ব দ ধ কর ছ ল ট ক ২৩ এব ট ক প রত ক জ র মধ য মহ র ষ ট র, CNG খরচ neighbouringত দ ল ল ত, য খ ন CNG দ ম cheapest, ইন ধন ট ক ২১/kgত ব ক র কর হয় ছ ( 0 34), গতবছর থ ক দ ল ল ত প র ববর ত দ ম ট য গ প রত ক জ ট ক ১৮ ছ ল, জ ন ৬, ২০০৬ ট ক 19 20ত উত ত লন কর হয় এব excise কর তব য একট হ র সকরণ র স ব ধ প শ করত ট ক 18 90ত পরবর ত ক ল কম য় ছ ল দক ষ ণ এশ য় ত ক ন ত cheapest CNG দ ম ব ল দ শ ছ ল য ট Tk 16 75/m3ত Tk 8 5/m3 থ ক দ ব গ ন কর হয় ছ ল ( 0 18) ২০০৮ত প ক স ত ন, একট ক জ CNG ম ল য ট ক ট ক ৫৬ত ( 0 42), প র ববর ত ট ক থ ক আগ র গতবছর ব দ ধ কর ছ ল (এই journalএর প র ববর ত স স করণ প রত ব দনক ত হ স ব ট, gasolineএর জন য দ ম ট য গ ট ক 71 21/litre এব CNG দ ম equivalent-a-litregasoline র সময় ড জ ল র জন য ট ক 61 70/litre ট ক ৩৭) প র এশ য় অঞ চল cheapest CNG Irr ২০০/m৩ত ইর ন খ জ প য ব ( 0 015) Puneত, আঞ চল ক পর বহণ অফ স CNG র খত একট decree requiring সমস ত নত ন র ক স প রচ র কর ছ ল অথব শ ষ ম র চ ক নও ল ইস ন স অন যথ য় থ ক LPG ক ট দ ওয় হব ন প ক স ত ন: ব শ ব প ক স ত ন NGV স গম ন ট র গ র ত ব surely স ব ক ত প র প ত ছ ব যবস স তর বড় (প রত ২০০৯ হ স ব ) য দ শ NGV ন বহর ম ট য ন জনস খ য র ৭৮%এর ধ র ক ছ গণন কর জন য ছ ল (জ ব ল ন এব গ ড় আল থ ক ভ র কর তব য র সমস ত ধরন র) গ ড় এব আল কর তব য গ ড় স গম ন ট এক, এই clean ন বহরট প র য় ৮৭% শ য় র প রত ন ধ ত ব কর (উ স: এশ য় NGV য গ য গ এব NGVA ইউর প) এইট ব স ময়কর নয় য আন তর জ ত ক উন নয়ন র জন য ইউন ইট ড র ষ ট রপ ঞ জ স স থ (USAID) ব জ ঞপ ত গ রহণ কর ছ এব fuelling স ক টর স গম ন ট ব শ ষভ ব ত ন র পত ত এব চ কর গ নম ন উন নত করত দ শ স হ য য করত স দ ধ ন ত ন য় ছ ল এর ক জ প রকল প র মধ য দ য়, স তর, Yasin Akram Associatesএর সঙ গ সহয গ ত ত USAID (YAA) প র ন ত ফ ব র য় র র মধ য Rawalpindi-Islamabad নগর এব অঞ চল CNG স ট শন র কর মচ র র জন য একট two-week CNG workforce দক ষত প রশ ক ষণ চ ল কর ছ প রশ ক ষণ CNG স ট শন এব গ র হক চ কর ত employees দক ষত এব আ য়, ন র পত ত উন নত করত অভ প র য় কর হয় ৮, ০০০ CNG ব স প রকল প র জন য, একট ম ট ট ক ৩০০ দশ লক ষ subsidy সরক র র দ ব র প রস ত ব দ ওয় হব প রত য ক ব স র আহরণ র জন য, সরক র ট ক ৬৭৭ জ গ ন দ ব, ১৮১ funding প চ বছর র ওপর প রস র ত হ ব ইর য় ছ ল স ই, ট ক ৩০০এরট, ০০০ upfront প রদ ন র ন চ অর থপ রদ ন এব ট ক ৩৭৭এর খন ড হ স ব ব যবহ র কর উচ ত, প চ বছর mark-up subsidy payable হ স ব ১৮১ এই ম য গ জ নট ত আরও ব শ তথ যসম পর ক এই inট একট আল দ আর ট কল দ খ ন ইর ন: ব শ ব ত ত য় ব হত তম NGV দ শ হ স ব, ইর ন একট দ র ত paceত য ন অবলম বন করত একট ভ ল অগ রগত দ খ য় ছ : ১এর সঙ গ ১৯৭৫ত শ র কর হচ ছ, ২০০ একট প রধ ন প রয় গ উভয় in য ন র প ন তর র সঙ গ ১৯৮৩,ত Mashad স ট ত স র জ স ট plus অন য একট ১, ২০০ retrofitted গ ড় এব দ ই filling স ট শন ট য ক স এব ব যক ত গত গ ড় র প ন তর কর ছ ল এব OEM ত র কর ছ ল, ন য়মক ন ন র স ষ ট র সঙ গ ২০০১ একত র ত শ র কর হচ ছ এব CNG স ট শন র ইনস টল শন ২০০৪ এইট ত র ২৮, ২৬৬ NGVs এব ৬৪ স ট শন ছ ল, top-3 ranking থ ক চত র থ স থ ন ড স ম বর ২০০৯, পর বর তন ব র জ ল র মধ য 1 7 দশ লক ষ এব ১, ০৭৯ respectivelyত স ই গ ল পট স খ য য় কত পয় ক রণ য এর অবস থ ন আজ বল ষ ঠ সরক র সমর থন হত ইর ন অন ম দন কর অন তর ভ ক ত কর (ন য়মক ন ন এব subsidies), CNGএর জন য favourable pricing ক ঠ ম gasoline, nationwide গ য স pipeline পর ক ঠ ম ত ত লন কর ছ ল (!) এর ব ন য় গ র সঙ গ ব যক ত গত স ক টর থ ক, প র চ র য য NG গ ম ভ র য এব উ প দন, শব দ involvement, আমদ ন ত ল খরচ কম ত পর ব শ স ক র ন ত গ নম ন এব উন নত করত উচ চ অন প র রণ র সঙ গ স থ ন য় প রয ক ত,এর utilisation eco-friendly NGVsএর সঙ গ প ট র ল য় ম জ ব ল ন গ ড় প রত স থ পন করত অর জন দ খছ, এর ম ট য ন ন বহর র ১৩%এর সঙ গ ব শ ব ৭ম হ স ব ইর ন স তর CNGএর মধ য অধ ক র ছ ল (৫এর চ য় গ ড় ক ন ত ও আরও ব শ প রধ নত bifuelয়, ৫০০ উ সর গ কর ছ ল এব দ ব ত ব ইন ধন ব স) ২০০৯ থ ক স ই বছরট, ইর ন র র 11 2 এম গ ড় ছ ল য ট 1 5 দশ লক ষ NGVs ছ ল উল ল খক ত উপর হ স ব, প ক স ত ন ৭৮%এর সঙ গ প রথম অবস থ ন দখল কর, ব ল দ শ র সময় ৪৩%এর সঙ গ দ ব ত য় স থ ন গ রহণ কর, এব অন য ন য দক ষ ণ এশ য় দ শ, ভ রত, এর য ন ন বহর র 2 25%এর সঙ গ ১৫তম অবস থ ন CNGএর মধ য অধ ক র মধ য এশ য় ত আর ম ন য় ৩৬%এর সঙ গ ত ত য় স থ ন ব শ বজন ন দখল কর অন ব দক: আজ দ আল

19 April Alternative Fuel System s Components High-Low Pressure Regulators CNG Fuel Filter Hwa Young Co.,Ltd. # , Eu-Bang Dong, Kim-Hae City, Kyung-Nam Do, S.KOREA Tel: Fax : info@hwa-young.com

20 18 India is set to see 3.3 millions NGVs by 2015 As the economic condition is starting to look up, the demand for natural gas as a fuel for industries and automotives is increasing. Presently, 25 geographical areas (GAs) in India are covered under the gas grid network. The number is expected to increase to 86 by The number of NGVs is expected to rise to 3.3 million in the next five years from 700,000 at present according to the Petroleum & Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB). However, this ambition is not without hurdles As an example of a major factor is the government controlled gas price that hampers development of a competitive market for natural gas sector, said Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) chairman Mr L. Mansingh The Indian government controls the price of gas from fields given to state-run explorers without bidding. Last November, public transport powered by CNG in cities such as Delhi and Mumbai was set to get costlier if the government approves an oil ministry proposal to raise the price of gas under government control by as much as 33%. Presently, the government is considering raising CNG prices in parity with the petroleum prices that will be around Rs 60 per kg. Following this movement, Mansingh finds that government-controlled prices restrict the growth of the natural gas market, which is unfavourable. If natural gas sector has a competitive market, it can lead to better price discovery, optimal use of energy resources, optimization of infrastructure and also attract major investment in exploration & production (E&P) and transportation & distribution (T&D) infrastructure. Nevertheless, the gas industry is expected to grow. Mansingh indicated a conservative estimate of around Rs 760 billion to Rs 840 billion to be invested in petroleum and natural gas infrastructure in the next five years. The optimistic projection suggests that it could go up to Rs 1.25 trillion. It is understandable that this action will be taken as the country is expecting to cut the expenditure in oil import by 30% gained by using alternative fuels. This has also caused the growing reference for CNG/LPG, electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid vehicles. And the prognosis is promising as 8 out of 10 vehicles owners in India are expected to purchase a new vehicle within the next five years according to Forst & Sullivan report. Mansingh also noted that as the government fixes oil and gas prices and also allocates them, open market trading of the fuel cannot take place. Factors like dominance of Central public sector undertakings (PSUs) in the oil and gas sector and subsidization in sale of the products lead to distortions in the product market. Infrastructural facilities are owned by PSUs, which prevent their optimum use. He said that lower participation of bidders under the last round of the National Exploration and Licensing Policy (NELP), particularly foreign big investors, indicates that the process of determining prices should be left to market forces. He underlined the fact that Andhra Pradesh State Chief Minister, Mr YSR Reddy, wished to follow the example of the significant progress made by Gujarat for the development of natural gas market. Reddy wants to see the April 2010 same noteworthy progress in his state. Gujarat is seen as the only state in India that has functioning market in natural gas, in the field of exploration & production as well as transportation & distribution infrastructure according to Mansingh. Greening Delhi with CNG and biogas Three years ago, the central government created Air Ambience Fund to finance projects of the Environment department. As part of the initiative to increase air quality in the city, the government had decided to impose an environment fee of Rs 0.25/litre on the sale of diesel in The fee is used to finance the Air Ambience Fund. So far, Rs 450 million have been collected through this fund. Presently, this has been spent to provide subsidies on EV and for waiving the Value Added Tax (VAT) charged on CNG kits to convert diesel-run Light Commercial Vehicles. The authority is now looking to finance a biogas (biomethane) plant pilot project in the Delhi Secretariat in collaboration with the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) in Mumbai. Rs 310 million for CNG station in Haryana Haryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation (HSIIDC) has allocated 1,600 sqm of land to GAIL (India) Ltd in order to set

21 April up its city gas station at IMT Manesar, and 9 acres of land to GAIL Gas Ltd for setting up its CNG station along NH-1 at HSIIDC Industrial Estate at Rai. The CNG station is expected to provide gas to households and the transport sector in Sonipat district. Around Rs 36.5 million will be invested in the IMT Manesar project and Rs 310 million in the Industrial Estate at Rai. Gujarat to add 4-5 CNG stations per year Gujarat Gas Company Ltd (GGCL), a subsidiary of British Gas Group plc, is covering various industrial areas of Gujarat including Surat, Bharuch, Valsad and Ankleshwar providing piped natural gas (PNG) and CNG for vehicle filling stations through its 3,300km pipeline network. GGCL currently serves over 109,000 CNG users in its area of operation. As for the gas sources, 82% of GGCL gas is provided by domestic suppliers while 18% is taken from Re-Liquefied Natural Gas (RLNG). Upon receiving the gas at various collecting stations, the fuel is filtrated, added with odorant while the pressure is being modified before being supplied into network for distribution. The firm also leases gas connections and is involved in natural gas fired cogeneration projects. The firm is waiting for PNGRB authorisation to install its 73km Hazira-Ankleshwar pipeline. Over the next few years, Rs billion per year would be invested to improve its capacity and build new CNG stations. At present, the company has 30 CNG stations and aims to add 4-5 stations per year. A strong focus on the industrial retail market and the CNG business segment will drive profit growth for the company in the years to come. The LNG segment, which offers maximum completions, would benefit from upcoming LNG stations. Realization Expecting 150 more station in 2010 Aspro, a worldwide CNG compression systems manufacturer, supplies many of CNG filling stations in India especially in Delhi and Mumbai. Recently, the company launched variable compressors with a combination of booster and compressor in one unit. A new segment is also explored by introducing a new machine called SCA 50. The product consists of compressor, gas storage, dispenser, and control panel is in a dimension less than 2 sqm and is applicable for mini stations. Through its distributor Shubh Tradex, the firm gives commercial advice to customers during the design, construction and development of the station. Aspro continues making new deals with the owners of filling stations/gas distributors. As for 2010, the firm estimates that at least 150 stations will be opened in the Indian market, in line with the CNG expansion plan that is on progress in the whole country.

22 20 Iran Khodro to produce CNG-electric hybrid cars April 2010 exported to more than 20 countries around the globe. In FY10, it is expected that 55,000 cars will be exported. Among the new products, development and investment will be allocated for the Peugeot 206 class which gains popularity among customers. The firm will produce 207i based on 206 platform. Also Suzuki Grand Vitara will be upgraded with a new model to be furnished with 2400cc engine and Euro 4 compliance. New versions of Soren of Samand group will have newly designed dashboard, modern multiplex main harness. Those will be introduced by early FY10. Najmeddin said that Peugeots Pars and 405 did well in the market. A new version of Pars will be unveiled next FY. Iran's number one carmaker, Iran-Khodro, (IKCO), announced that it has decided to increase its products to 680,000 vehicles in Despite of recent year s global recession that caused loss and bankruptcy for several famous automakers around the world, and considering IKCO s achievement in 2009, the firm decided to grow: promote and invest further. Within its strategic plan, development of new products will be performed and presence in global markets will be enhanced. It has decided to increase its productivity and production capacity and break its previous years' records in both production and sales and set the stage for a change in the quality of the products. raised from 2000 to 2800 vehicles, with a total 680,000 units by the end of the Iranian calendar year (March 20, 2010). By early March this year, it has sold 597,570 vehicles that were worth USD 6.9 billion in domestic and global markets (a 14% increase compared to the same period last year). And yet, 2010 is set to break the 2009 record. For the next financial year (FY09), 730,000 vehicles would be produced. During FY09, 30,000 of its cars were IKCO will also focus on improving safety and customers' satisfaction, adopting new technologies. New products will have ABS brakes, airbags, and Electronic Brake force Distribution (EBD). Those will be equipped with own-designed Twist Beam suspension system and furnished with gas-electric and CNG-electric hybrid technologies as well as electric engines. In FY 09, around 90% of its spare parts came from the domestically produced products. Iran aims at operating 3 million OEM and retrofitted NGVs in its street by Last year, world's automakers experienced an 18% decline in their production. Conversely, IKCO recorded a 16% growth in passenger car and pickup production and a 22% increase in its commercial vehicle sector, compared to its production within the previous year. According to the company s CEO Javad Najmeddin the firm s performance in the current Iranian year (March 21, March 2010) showed highest rate of production within the company in the past 42 years with 606,000 vehicles made within 11 months and passed the 650,000 units by March 4, Daily production is

23 April Biogas plants for vehicles in Japan, Korea, and New Zealand Greenlane is currently experiencing accelerated success with its world-leading solutions. Greenlane systems take biogas (biomethane) from sludge digesters and other sources, and upgrade it into clean, reliable energy at modest cost. Thanks to this advanced technology, carbon neutral biomethane fuel is produced. On May 26th, 2008, The firm received a purchase order from its Korean partner, Eco Energy Holdings Co Limited for a biogas upgrading plant capable of treating 200 Nm3 of raw biogas per hour. The unit was successfully commissioned in 2009 allowing the City of Seoul to be the first in making biomethane from waste streams, providing large volumes of renewable, environmentally friendly fuel to replace gasoline and diesel. The public transport infrastructure of Seoul will thus be powered by fuel extracted from the wastewater treatment processes and municipal refuse. The company is also commissioning a Greenlane Manuka plant (80 Nm3/h) in Redvale, New Zealand. This plant will enrich methane and remove impurities in the landfill biogas to make it suitable for use as vehicle fuel for the waste collection trucks. Greenlane Redvale has potential for very much more gas than the landfill's vehicle fleet could consume. Thus external sales of upgraded gas is a viable concept, and if implemented for all of the available landfill biogas, then Redvale would become the 8th largest "gas field" in New Zealand! The city of Kobe, Japan is also relying on Greenlane s technology through our partner Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co., Ltd. Greenlane have supplied 2 biogas upgrading plants which are treating up to 660 Nm3/h since This biomethane is being used as a vehicle fuel for buses and cars. The firm retains its position as the worldwide leader in biogas upgrading with strong project management, in-depth knowledge of equipment, timely delivery, advanced technology and reliable aftermarket expertise. Other successful projects have been completed in Canada, Sweden, France and Spain. Johann A. Hudde, Regional Representative Iberia Mobile Johann.hudde@greenlanebiogas.com Greenlane Biogas Redvale project in New Zealand

24 22 With the support of the World Bank and the Federal Environment Ministry, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) for the Shaheed Benazir Bhutto CNG Bus Project has been initiated. The CDM programme is meant to develop project idea notes (PINs) and project design documents (PDDs) for the bus project and to train personnel. The team has appointed a consultant firm, Winrock International (WI), to do the study. WI has now approached the Karachi Mass Transit Cell (KMTC) to get the required information such as the number of buses, plying start date, size of engine, expected kilometres travelled annually for every bus, expected number of years the buses will be plied by the government, current diesel consumption in km/litre per bus, capital expenditure, expected annual fuel expenses per bus, any administration charges per year, etc. In Karachi, an old diesel bus consumes a litre diesel per 2 km, while the fuel consumption of a new diesel bus is 4.8 km/litre. The study would also seek the possibilities of significant financial assistance from international funding agencies. There is a plan to extend this CDM programme to nine other major cities that will be involved in the CNG bus projects including Rawalpindi/Islamabad, Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Peshawar, Quetta, Hyderabad and Sukkur. These cities would receive 4,000 CNG buses as well. Additionally, a CDM study could also be extended to the Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) in Karachi when this transport-upgrade project is implemented with the support of Asian Development Bank (ADB). Sources said that in Karachi, the diesel consumption of an old bus is 2 km/litre, whereas a new bus consumes a litre of diesel for every 4.8 kilometre drive. The federal government is ready to provide Rs 2.5 billion as subsidy and upfront grant for bringing 4,000 CNG dedicated buses over the time period of five years for Karachi. To offset the cost of the provision of one bus, the federal government will assign a total Rs 677,181 as subsidy over five years time frame. An Rs 300,000 upfront grant will be given as part of down payment and April 2010 World Bank funding for Clean Development Mechanism-CNG bus project in Pakistan Note The CDM is an arrangement under the Kyoto Protocol allowing industrialised countries with a greenhouse gas reduction commitment (called Annex 1 countries) to invest in ventures that reduce emissions in developing countries as an alternative to more expensive emission reductions in their own countries. Being a United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) programme, the CDM allows emission-reduction (or emission removal) projects in developing countries to earn certified emission reduction (CER) credits, each equivalent to one tonne of carbon dioxide. These CERs can be traded and sold, and used by industrialized countries to meet a part of their emission reduction targets under the Kyoto Protocol, according to the UNFCCC. The mechanism stimulates sustainable development and emission reductions, while giving industrialized countries some flexibility in how they meet their emission reduction limitation targets. The projects must qualify through a rigorous and public registration and issuance process designed to ensure real, measurable and verifiable additional emission reductions compared to what would have occurred without the project. The mechanism is supervised by the CDM Rs 377,181 as interest subsidy payable in five years. The environment ministry has already allotted Rs 300 million to the State Bank of Pakistan for the implementation of the pilot project in Karachi. Executive Board (CDM EB) and is under the guidance of the Conference of the Parties (COP/MOP) of the UNFCCC. In order to be considered for registration, a project must first be approved by the Designated National Authorities. The CDM needs to be initiated before the project begins, and again, after the completion of the project so as to compare and analyse the environmental impact before and after the completion of the project. Countries entitled to CDM funding are the 40 countries included in the UNFCCC Annex I nations, not forgetting that the European Union is also a member. Those consist of: Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States of America Kyoto Protocol, created in December 1997, portrays most industrialized nations and some central European economies in transition that agreed to legally binding reductions in greenhouse gas emissions of an average of 6 to 8% below 1990 levels between the years , defined as the first emissions budget period.

25 April Punjab authority disciplines CNG stations services The Punjab government has started disciplining the owners of CNG stations for filling less gas in vehicles. In February, the labour department challenged 21 owners of CNG stations in Rawalpindi and also fined two stations under Weight and Measurement Act of Pakistan Motorists claimed that many stations filled less gas in vehicles while charging full payment. Most of the stations have no fixed computerised metres and could easily deceive motorists while filling less gas. During the inspection, the authority checked gas filling through a special micro-meter that could detect when the gas filled is less that what shown in the stations fuel metre. In its total energy basket for electricity production, Pakistan depends on natural gas (NG) as its second main energy source. The main source in 2009 was oil (35%), followed by NG (32%), hydel (hydroelectricity from a dam or from moving/flowing water, 30%), and the least used were nuclear and coal. The country has a lot of CNG filling stations 3,000 units with over 2.25 million NGVs that consume a lot of gas making the fuel supply to power and industry sectors restricted. Farhan Mahmood, oil expert and analyst at Topline Securities, said that from a regional perspective, Pakistan energy mix is not ideal as it is still has the highest share of oil in overall energy consumption after Indonesia and Thailand.

26 24 Asia and the world in brief April 2010 India GAIL to expand city gas distribution network GAIL Gas Ltd, a subsidiary of GAIL India the largest gas distributor in the country- is involved in the expansion of city gas distribution (CGD). The firm won authorisation to conduct CGD operations in four cities of Sonepat, Kota, Dewas and Meerut. According to its CEO, M Ravindra, the firm will start distribution and marketing of CNG and LPG for transport sector, as well as piped natural gas (PNG). Gas infrastructure in these cities will be expanded and at the same time CNG corridors along the national highways will be installed. GAIL Gas would also take care of related retail business activities at CNG and auto LPG dispensing points in cities and along the highways. As a start, GAIL Gas is building one CNG filling station in Devas city. Gas will be transported through pipelines and lorries. Part of gas supply will also come in the form of LNG provided by GAIL India. Delhi ordered 226 CNG dispensers In February, New Zealand CNG dispenser manufacturer reported to have received a large repeat order from Indraprastha Gas Limited. For this deal, 144 car dispensers and 82 bus dispensers will be provided for this country. In May last year, the firm won a sales order for 200 dispensers for refuelling cars and buses. For the CNG segment, IGL covers the Delhi area. It owns 191 CNG filling stations in this area capable of supplying million kg/day of CNG. Out of 700,000 NGVs in the country, at least 334,924 are operated in Delhi. CBM for NGVs Great Eastern Energy, Coal Bed Methane (CBM) producer and developer has signed a five-year franchise agreement subject to further renewal--with retail distributor Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL). Great Eastern will construct CNG stations at BPCL retail outlets in the cities in and around the Asansol - Durgapur region. As a start, two stations will be opened and more to follow once the market is lifting up. Growth in the automotive sector Maruti Suzuki India Limited (MSIL) Chairman R. C. Bhargava recently indicated that the long term sustained growth of the automobile industry is only possible if the economy continues to grow at 8-10% a year, while inflation and interest rates are low. Better road infrastructure would reduce congestion as well as pollution and promote economic development. The tax structure should help the sale of vehicles, particularly those which use eco-friendly fuels. Bhagarva also underlined the importance of CNG while mentioning the hurdles in adopting electric cars. The development of the electric vehicle (EV) segment is very challenging as there is a slack of sufficient in electricity supply while this type of fuel is largely generated by burning coal -not a clean fuel. He considered CNG as the best option at present. However, carmakers who wish to produce CNG vehicles also face obstacles as excise and sales tax on the extra cost of fitting the imported CNG kit are still present. These taxes are not applicable when the CNG kit is produced locally. GAIL donated CNG pick-ups The Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL) has donated three CNG pick-ups to the city government to help it distribute cooked food to the homeless people under its 'Aap Ki Rasoi' programme. The programme, part of government's Bhagidari initiative, was

27 April launched in 2008 with the aim of providing nutritious meal to the poor people. HCNG trial project GAIL India (GAIL) collaborates with the Australian Eden Energy (EDE) to work on a six-month trial project which also qualifies as the world s first commercial sized of hydrogen-cng mix (HCNG) for vehicles in Mumbai City. Starting with 2 buses by the fourth quarter of 2010, it is expected that by year end, around of these buses will ply this city. The fuel with CNG and 15-20% hydrogen content, Hythane - is developed by the US branch of EDE. It can reduce emission and greenhouse gas by up to 50% while increasing fuel efficiency by up to 15%. A Hythane dispensing station and related infrastructure are expected to be built in a bus depot within this year or early next year. The buses of a public transport operator, BEST Undertaking, will be used for this programme. Presently, BEST already has more than 2,000 CNG buses. It expects to convert the remaining 2,000 units of its fleet to the NG system by As per the India government s hydrogen roadmap, it is expected that by 2020, 20% of all vehicles would be powered by hydrogen (1 million units) while in 2050 a full hydrogen-based economy should be achieved. Bangladesh Public transport operator to import 300 CNG buses In early March, the Executive Committee of the National Economic Council approved a project that would grant the state-run organisation to get necessary funds from Korea at 5% interest for importation of 300 CNG buses. The Korean buses will be used by the Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation (BRTC) to improve the efficiency of its service. China-USA China Foton to expand its CNG truck sales into the U.S. The North American branch of China-based Beiqi Foton Motors, Foton America, has collaborated with Venta, distributor of alternative fuel vehicles, to introduce medium-duty diesel and CNG trucks to the American market next year. Foton recently concluded around 11,265 km cross-country trip using one of their buses, which got over 1,600 km per tank of CNG. CHNG increased revenue China Natural Gas Inc (CHNG) in Xián City, the first Chinese natural gas company publicly traded in the U.S., saw its revenue increase 18% year on year to USD21.67 million in the fourth quarter of last year. The firm has also contributed to the expansion of CNG filling station last year. As of end December, 2009, CHNG had 36 CNG filling stations in China. The Philippines Around 10,000 CNG buses for three regions of the country As oil independency is high in the government agenda, the eco-friendly CNG buses are expected to be introduced in Visayas Region by The target is to have 178 of these buses by 2015 and 1,314 units by According to Assistant Director Carmencita A. Bariso of the Department of Energy, 34 CNG buses are currently running from Southern Tagalog to Manila routes in Luzon Region. The project is part of the Natural Gas Continue to page 26

28 26 April 2010 Continued from page 25 Vehicle Program for Public Transport programme, based on government s Executive Order 290. It is expected that about 200 of these buses will be in service by end of this year. However, presently the country is facing challenges in gas supply due to lack of sufficient CNG infrastructure/station. According to JICA study on Capability Enhancement on Policy and Planning for a More Effective and Comprehensive Philippine Energy Plan Formulation, it is projected that 10,000 CNG buses would be operated in Luzon, Visayas and Mindano regions. Singapore Transcab to add 3,000 CNG taxis for its fleet Transcab, a taxi operator in Singapore that has 2,600 vehicles including 1,000 CNG cars-- aims to add 3,000 cars to its NGV armada within the next years. As a start, 1,000 Toyota Wish 2.0 litre cars will be converted to bifuel gasoline/cng mode. Those will be equipped with two units of type IV lightweight carbon fibre cylinders (with different size equivalent 90 and 39 litre water capacity) to provide around 22 kg gas storage capable of delivering an average mileage of 280km. Oil Oil price movement After experiencing a slight decline, oil price for the April 2010 delivery climbed to USD 81.50/bbl on the New York Mercantile Exchange on March 5 th. In London- North Sea Brent, the price touched above USD 80 before closing at USD79.89 per barrel. By March 10 th, the Brent price for April delivery averaged at USD 80.48/bbl with the highest auction at USD The average of the day for December 2010 delivery is USD while prices for the June and December 2011 delivery are USD and respectively. Romania and Bulgaria Romania to enter CNG market The State Oil Company of Azerbaijan (SOCAR) has signed a Memorandum of Intention with Bulgaria and Romania on the export of 1-2 to 7-8 billion cubic metre gas respectively. Due to certain reasons related to technology, technical and commercial issues, the company has not defined a clear schedule of the beginning of supplies of CNG to Romania and Bulgaria. Only after their completion, it will be decided about switching to next phases of preparation of CNG export project said SOCAR Investment Department s head Vagif Aliyev. Bulgaria already had more than 60,200 NGVs and 76 CNG stations by September After working on NGV related technical norms, last year, Romania finally released a report on Technical norm regarding the design, manufacture, operation, maintenance and repair of storage and distribution stations for Compressed Natural Gas used as vehicle fuel (CNGV). This country will be e new entry in the NGV market.

29 April Russia to build hybrid natural gas vehicles Russian investment fund Onexim Group aims to introduce hybrid cars with EV/gasoline and EV/NG technology. The car is planned to be launched by end of this year while the Mikhael Prokhorov mass production will start in For his new endeavour, Onexim president Mikhael Prokhonov expects that the government will help by placing legislative initiative to simplify the standard of technical regulation. Being the Russian second richest man, Prokhonov will invest USD225 million in the manufacturing plant. Previously he met the Prime Minister Vladimir Putin and talked about his intention to build a high-tech car with a new technology in Russia. By beginning of the first quarter of this year, Putin has supported Prokhonov s proposal for a pilot factory with a capacity of producing 10,000 cars in Tolyatti City. Prokhorov indicated that the hybrid car would cost about USD 10,000 with the initial output of 10,000 units. The payback period will be gained around 4-5 years. If the firm produces 100,000 cars, the cost will range within USD 7,000-7,500 per unit. Yarovit-Motors in St. Petersburg, producers of multiaxial highway trucks and cargo capacity for working in difficult road and weather conditions, will manufacture the vehicles. According to the plan, the hybrid will be available in three types -- a truck, a standard car model and a sports car. Tolyatti, about 1,000 kilometres from Moscow City, is also the home of Avtovaz, Russia's largest car maker. Avtovaz also built bifuel Lada Priora CNG which was displayed in the Moscow Automobil Saloon in September 2008 (the car was tested in a pilot project in August that year). Russia also has three major truck manufacturers that sell NGVs: ZIL, GAZ and KAMAZ. It is possible that later the car might be called Eco. The dimension would be around meters long, 1.8 meters wide and 1.6 meters high. It will have an improved internal combustion engine capacity of 0.6 liters and an electric motor with a lithium-ion battery. Total engine power will be about 70 hp. Car body will be made of light composite materials. It was mentioned that LNG will be used in the hybrid vehicle. Looking at the fuel of choice, the hybrid LNG version most probably will be applied to truck segment.

30 28 BusinessCentre NGV 2010 Roma s exhibition hall expanded April 2010 Event s organizers decided to move the products & services exhibition space to the pavilion 11, where booths dimensions are larger than in hall 9 and the outdoor area is highly accessible. (pavilion 10 for the Conference and11 for the Expo) allows better use and logistics optimization of the space. The strong demand from companies worldwide to participate in NGV 2010 Roma caused the organizers to choose a new hall, with larger dimensions than the previous one. Therefore, the Expo now moves from pavilion 9 to 11, with a net area of over 1,000 square meters. The conference rooms will remain in pavilion 10. The new space gives way to better logistics while visitors will walk around the whole exhibition hall. This is also to ensure that all booths are seen and that the attendance does not miss any of them. To serve this purpose, the cafeteria for delegates was located at the bottom of pavilion 11. In addition, posters session will take place in the heart of the Expo, with authors presenting their initiatives on fixed panels and available for discussions with interested visitors. Admission to the exhibition hall is free, and the visitor will only have to pre-register online. Ideal layout In order to visit the outdoor area -where there will be 4 modules of 224 m² each for exhibiting companies- the attendance will have two entrances that are also connected with the Conference. To pass by one of them, the nearest to the delegates lunch area NGV Communications Group s stand, visitors will walk by the "piazza metano. It will be surrounded by small stands of companies whose big efforts to participate in Rome will be rewarded with this location of high exposure. Furthermore, the piazza is a rest area situated in a special section linked with other relevant spots of the fair. Thus, the organization within the new pavilion guarantees a circular movement that optimizes visitors traffic, strategically connects spaces and adds weight to all areas of the exhibition and conference site. For further information and joining NGV 2010 Roma, visit the official website of the event

31 April BusinessCentre Expo floor plan and list of exhibitors STAND A1 A2 A5 A9 A10 Booked MTM - BRC Fornovo Gas Booked Greener Cities Cavagna Group Metatron Raufoss/Ragasco COMPANY A13 OMB Saleri A17 Cryostar A18 AEB srl A19 Kraus Global Inc. A20 IMW A21 Motonic A23 3B Fibreglass B2 Idromeccanica B6 Booked B10 Dresser Wayne Pignone B14 Swagelok B18 Kwangshin B19 ITT Conoflow B20 ROTAREX Automotive B21 Booked B22 TA B23 Booked B24 Vitkovice Cylinders B25 Booked B33 CNG Part Co Ltd (CNGauge) B35 Stafetta Quotidiana C2 Safe C8 Angi Energy C9 Xebec C10 Landi Renzo C13 Tenaris C17 Greenfield C18 Tartarini C26 Booked D2 GNC Galileo D6 Kioshi D7 Gilbarco D10 ENI D14 EKC International FZE D18 Booked D20 Weh GmbH Gas Technology D22 COUTH D24 Endress+Hauser Italia Spa E2 Emer Group E3 Atac Roma E8 Zavoli E10 Aspro GNV E11 Sinoma Science & Technology (Suzhou) E14 Luxfer E17 LMF E18 BRC Fuelmaker E19 NGV2012 Chuncheon E20 NGV Communications Group E21 IANGV E23 NGVA Europe E24 Consorzio NGV System E26 Booked E27 xperion ALPHA Composites GmbH F2 Belletti Editore F6 G.I.& E. F10 Cramaro Italia & Cryotrucks F11 Aldesa Autogas Equipments F13 Vanzetti Engineering F14 Polargas S.r.l. F18 Gemels s.r.l. F20 R.T.I - RHPS F22 CompositeTechnical Systems F24 Versus Gas F25 Bujscholtz F26 Booked F28 Booked F30 Booked F32 Booked Outdoor Area IVECO Irisbus BRC Fuelmaker

32 30 Associate Cylinders product BusinessCentre April 2010 The Associate Group is an enterprise created by two stalwart organizations respected for their professional approach to business and have pioneered landmarks in their respective domains. Keeping pace with a dynamic business environment & economy, the group has diversified into Manufacturing Of CNG Cylinders in its commitment to cleaner and greener environment that controls pollution, under the flagship company Associated High Pressure Technologies Pvt. Ltd. better known as Associate Cylinders. Associate High Pressure Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is a vibrant company, manufacturing & exporting a wide range of high quality seamless steel Type I CNG cylinders for on-board automobile applications like three wheelers, passenger vehicles, transport vehicles, taxis, vans and buses etc. Our product range includes CNG On-Board Cylinders from 20 water litre 200 water litre. Diameters ranging from 232 mm upto 406 mm. Working pressure ranging from 150 Bar to 300 Bar. Storage cascades for CNG upto working pressure 275 Bar. Having state of the art German manufacturing and testing facilities located at Gandhidham (Kandla Special Economic Zone), Gujarat, India and capacity of 480,000 per year, all cylinders adhere to highest international and national standards like ISO 11439, NZS 5454 and are subject to strict third party inspections(sgs, BV). We invite you to visit our official website for details of the organization and the product range also for Company catalogues please click on below link: ociate_cylinders.pdf Should you require any further information or clarification, please feel free to contact me. We look forward to build a strong and long lasting mutually beneficial relationship. Motonic s polymer for valve seats in CNG regulators When Motonic Corporation, a leader in engineering technology and manufacturer of advanced parts for automobile engines, wanted to improve on traditional technology, it chose VICTREX PEEK(TM) polymer to replace metal for the valve seats used in the pressure regulators in CNG vehicles. Located inside a CNG tank, the regulator must consistently control the pressure of gas while operating between temperatures of -40 C (40 F) and 120 C (248 F) as well as perform under extreme pressures without changing its shape or properties. The valve seats in the regulators are exposed to dynamic loads and need to provide long-term resistance against high loads without embrittlement at low temperatures. Metal valve seats can be easily deformed at high pressures and are vulnerable to deformation under wide temperature variations. Material selection for valve seats is critical as a deformed valve seat can cause a leakage problem and interfere with the following critical functions: providing thermal protection to regulate temperature; prevent the tank from bursting under pressure; regulating gas flow to and from the engine in on and off mode and to interrupt the flow of gas in case of cable damages. In addition to its high temperature resistance, VICTREX PEEK polymer provides a unique combination of high performance properties, chemical resistance, and resistance to humidity to meet the customers' requirements. Soaring oil prices and environmental concerns have increased the demand for alternative fuels in the automobile market making CNG a more widely used fuel source globally and CNG powered vehicles more popular. For more information, see

33 April OEM NGVs and CNG vehicle variants NGV availability in Asia Brand NGV models Remarks Australia LDVs Sprinter 316 NGT Bifuel cargo van Mid-Wheelbase and Mercedes-Benz Long-Wheelbase van and cab-chassis Bifuel cargo van Sprinter 516 NGT single-cab-chassis HDVs Iveco Acco F x4 Compactor CNG 8x4 rigid truck with Cummins Wesport C Gas Dual Control Plus (8.3l) engines. Dedicated CNG truck T908 Dedicated LNG trailer Kenwood Dedicated LNG truck Innovation (Model base T608) Mack Granite 8x4 Dedicated CNG Rigid- Mack Australia Day Cab Agitator FSR850 Isuzu FSR700 NPR300 Dedicated CNG trucks NLR 200 Isuzu CNG NPR 400 Light Truck Bangladesh LDV Few Japanese Cars Second-hand bi-fuel cars imported from Japan (no models more than 3-5 years old) Tata Motors Ace CNG model Dedicated CNG mini-truck 275 CNG 15 HDV Aking Aking CNG Dedicated CNG bus imported from China (Aking is the distributor) Tata Motors LPO 1510 CNG Dedicated CNG bus (distributed by Nitol Motor) Pakistan LDVs Adam Motors Co. Ltd. Revo 800 cc Dewan Passenger car Honda Civix GX Sedan Indus Motors Daihatsu 800 cc Co. Ltd. Cuore Isuzu Lancer Bifuel car Mehran VXR CNG Bifuel car Mehran VX CNG Bifuel car Alto VXR CNG Bifuel car Pak Suzuki Motor Co. Bolan VX CNG Bifuel car Cultus VXR CNG Bifuel car Cultus VXLi CNG Bifuel car Suzuki Liana Bifuel car Shahab Enterprises Pervaaz (3 wheeler) 125 cc TMC Alif CNG Bifuel cars TMC TMC Bay CNG Bifuel car TMC Bay Delivery vanbifuel delivery van Chevrolet 800 and cc Nexus Autos HDV Hino CNG bus (Not yet in mass marketing) Yunma YM6-101-B CNG Dedicated CNG City Bus

34 32 April 2010 China LDVs Brand NGV models Remarks Brand NGV models Remarks Astro Motor Technical CNG three-wheeler Dedicated CNG Co. CK150ZK-1 Bifuel Auto rickshaw (tricycle) CK2002ZK Bifuel Auto rickshaw (tricycle) Auto Rickshaw CK250ZK Rear Water Cooled CNG/diesel autorickshaw Tricycle VX150ZK Bifuel tricycle BIGMT125-6b CNG Bigmt125-6 CNG 110cc-1(horizontal engine) CD cc-4(vertical engine) CNG Motorcycle China Congqing Big Motorcycle (110cc-3&125cc-3) Science & Technology (Group) 125cc-5(stand engine) 125CC-5(vertical engine) (125cc water-cooling engine) 125cc-4(horizontal engine) CNG 650cc Bifuel minibus Minibus Chinese Motor CNG tricycle 175ccDedicated CNG tricycle Industrial Co. Bifuel 125cc Motorcycle motorcylce Middle engine tricycle Three-wheeler Chongqing Hengtong Tricycle goods Three-wheeler Bus Co., Ltd. Tricycle bifuel (gasoline and CNG) Three-wheeler Low Flooring Mini Dual fuel CNG/diesel Bus Chongqing Rightway Three-Wheelers Industry Corporation Three-wheeler CNG Limited Chongqing Tengzhou Liyang LY150ZH-1 Disabled tricycle Moto Co., Ltd. Biyadi Automobile Biyadi Co., Ltd QCJ7160A/CNG Chery SQR7160E/CNG Bi-fuel cars Chery Automobile Chery Co., Ltd SQR7162A15/CNG Chery SQR7200/CNG Chongqing Chanan Chanan SC7130B Suzuki Automobile CNG car 650 CC Car China CNG Bus CNG car 650 cc Minibus Minibus Yellow Dongfeng Citroën Citroën Elisee Bifuel car Dongfeng Bi-fuel light-duty truck EQ102H15QAC Dongfeng Automobile Co., Ltd Dongfeng EQ6490H15QAC Bi-fuel cars commercial car Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen Automobile Co., Ltd Dongfeng Yueda Kia Automobile Co., Ltd FAW FAW Volkswagen Automobile Co., Ltd Honda JMC Brand CQBUS - Kingtonliyang Dongfeng Citroen DC7163MAN Lifan Lifan 520 Mudan Shanghai Volkswagen Automobile Co., Ltd Shenyang Brilliance Jinbei Co., Ltd Dongfeng Citroen DC7163RAN Shenlong Fukang DC7142RDN Shenlong Fukang DC7142EDN Shenlong Fukang DC7142EAN Bi-fuel Cars Kia YQZ7130CNG Hongqi CA7180G4 Jetta FV7160CiF.C Jetta FV7160CiX.C Jetta FV7160CiX/CNG Jetta FV7160CiF.C Jetta FV7160GiX.C Jetta FV7160CiX/CNG BIGMT110cc-1 BIGMT 110cc-2 BGMT Tailand Honda BIGMT125cc-4 Bi-fuel motorcycles BIGMT110cc-4 BGMT150cc-1 BIGMT150cc-2 (Water Cooling Model) JMC Brand CNG 3 Dedicated CNG threewheelers Wheeler Kingtonliyang CNG motorcycle KT125CNG-3 CNG 3-Ton Light Truck Santana SVW7180Kei Jinbei SY6483LT1 Jinbei SY6483LT2 Zhonghua SY7200T Vela CA7156UM Passenger car (plan to be manufacture in Peru as well by end 2008) Dedicated CNG truck Bi-fuel cars Vela CA7166UM Tianjin FAW Xiali Xiali TJ7101AULM Automobile Co., Ltd Xiali TJ7101AUM Xiali TJ7101BLM Xiali TJ7101BUM Xiali TJ7101UM Toyota Limo CNG Bi-fuel car Vision Passenger cars Geely King Kong Free Ship

35 April Brand NGV models Remarks Brand NGV models Remarks HDVs HDVs Ainy Ele-Mechanical CKZ6180 CNG Dongfeng Nanchong Dongfeng Dedicated CNG bus Dual fuel buses Co. City Bus Automobile Co., Ltd EQ6590PC1 Bus Anhui Hualing Hualing Star Dongfeng Automobile(Group) HN4180PT23C4M Dedicated CNG tractor EQ6590PC Bus Co., Ltd CNG Tractor First Auto Works Jiefang CA1127L5A Dedicated CNG trucks Jinghua (FAW) CNG Truck Beijing Bus General BK6141CNG Hinge Dedicated CNG buses Plant Jiefang Jointed City Bus CA1150P1L1A80 Changzhou Iveco Bus Changjiang CNG Truck Co., Ltd CJ6110G3Y7H Bus Jiefang Changjiang CA6101D92-9 Bus Dedicated CNG bus CJ6110SG2Y7H Chassis(Class 3) Double Decker Bus JiefangCA6110D11 Changjiang 8-1T Bus CJ6110SG2YH Chassis(Class 3) Double Decker Bus Hengtong Changjiang Irisbus Iveco CJ6120G2Y7H Bus Iveco CityClass CNG China Vehicles Co., Tourist bus Jiangsu Youyi Ltd ZGT6100A CNG Automobile Co. Chongqing CNG CNG bus King Long Technologies Co., Ltd Nanjing Jinling JinlngJLY6101SA Chongqing Jiangchuan Chuanjiang Double- decker Bus CNG Double Automobile CJQ6790KCS Bus Plant Decker Bus Manufacturing Co., Ltd JinlngJLY6101SB CKZ6123 Chongqing Hengtong Dedicated CNG version CNG Double Chongqing Bus and bifuel version Decker Bus Hengtong Bus CNG 3-Ton Light Dual fuel CNG/diesel Mudan Dedicated CNG truck CKZ6108 Truck buses QB Shanqi Shaanxi Automobile SX4254BK294T Dedicated CNG tractor CA6105ZLQ (Group) Co., Ltd Tractor CA6DF2D-18 Shanqi SX6112F EQB Dedicated CNG bus Luxury City Bus YC6112ZLQ Shanqi SX6112C CA6DF2-24 Dual fuel bus City Bus YC6105ZLQ CNG/diesel and Shanghai Huizhong SHAC Core Asia Transmart NG dual fuel truck LNG/diesel truck Automobile SH4251A4B31K Dedicated CNG tractor Manufacturing Co., Ltd Tractor Dongfeng Dongfeng Automobile EQ6830RACN Bus Dedicated CNG buses Shenzeng Co., Ltd Dedicated CNG bus for Chassis(Class 3)* Wuzhoulong FDG6121B sight seeing Automobile Co. Dongfeng Dongfeng Motor Co., EQ6111RCDN Bus Dedicated CNG buses FDG6121F Dedicated CNG bus Ltd Chassis(Class 3) Arm Roll CNG Tata Daewoo Dedicated CNG Refused Truck Dongfeng EQ6122KS Bus Yaxing Chassis(Class 3) Yaxing-Benz Motor YBL6110GNH Bus Dedicated CNG bus Coach Co.,Ltd Chassis(Class 3) Dongfeng EQ1165F Dedicated CNG trucks Truck The company was reported Dongfeng Yantia Shuchi Vehicle to have 120 models of NGVs NGV buses EQ1165K2 Truck Co exported to Europe, Japan, Bangladesh and Pakistan Dongfeng EQ1168 KFJ Yuchai Diesel Engine For export purposes Dongfeng Co.,Ltd EQ1140GL1 Truck Yuejin Yuejin Dongfeng Automobile(Group)Co. NJ67001M5EG Bus Dedicated CNG bus EQ1140GL Truck, Ltd Chassis(Class 3) Dongfeng Yunma Aircraft EQ1250GL2 Truck YM6-101-B Dedicated CNG City Bus Manufacturing Dongfeng Zhongda Industrial CNG bus and double deck EQ1250GL3 Truck JLY6101SA Group Co. buses

36 34 April 2010 Brand NGV models Remarks India LDV-MDvs Atul Auto CNG three wheelers Dedicated CNG One-tonne Powered by CNG/gasoline Bajaj Auto twee-wheeler to be launched Tavera Passenger car, imported on DaimlerChrysler Mercedes NGT demand Fiat Palio Bifuel car Ford Ikon Flair CNG Bi-fuel car Bi-fuel car with km coverage on full fuel tank. The running cost is 70% Chevrolet Optra cheaper than the gasoline version (Rs.1.92/km with CNG vs Rs. 5.20/km with gasoline) Chevrolet Spark General Motors India Chevrolet Aveo Upper premium compact U-VA segment car Chevrolet Aveo Midsize car All future GM cars (including Cruze, Beat and the new To be launched Aveo) to be launched in CNG version as well Ambassador Passenger car Hindustan Motors HM Shifeng WinnerLight Commercial Vehicle 1.8 CNG (pick up) Hindustan Motors & Mitsubishi Lancer Passenger car Mitsubishi Motors 1.5 litre Santro Xing CNG Compact car Hyundai Motors Accent Bi-fuel car/taxi Champion CNG Large three-wheelers Tempo Three-wheeler Alfa Small three-wheeeler Scorpio CNG SUV, in plan Bolero Pick-up, dedicated CNG Mahindra & Mahindra Mahindra CNG 3 door Sport Utility Vehicle bifuel Maxx Maxi Truck Dedicated CNG pick-up Pickup, to be launched Maxximo CNG Oct/Nov 2010 Gio CNG In plan: Half-tonne cargo carrier Omni 5-seater CNG Passenger car Maruti Udyong Ltd Alto CNG Passenger car Maruti Suzuki Eeco CNG In plan: Multi-Purpose Vehicle Mitsubishi & Passenger car with 1,5 litre Lancer Hindustan Motor engine Mitusbishi and Renult Logan Bifuel car Renault Tata Engineering and Locomotive Indica-CNG Bi-fuel passenger car with 5-seaters hatchback, BS III Company Ltd compliant (Bharat stage III is India's emission standard) Indigo Marina TATA 407 CNG 4 tonnes GVW truck Ace 0.75 tonnes mini truck, Tata Motors dedicated CNG Xenon CNG Pick up Magic CNG Maxi van Winger Maxi van Toyota Kirloskar Corolla Altis Premium sedan Motor Innova Multi Untility Vehicles Brand NGV models Remarks HDV Ashok Leyland HYBUS CNG/EV hybrid bus Viking CNG BS-III Bharat-3 emission norm compliance Long distance LPO Chassis of intra-city bus Tata Motors 1510 CNG (mini bus) Starbus Ultra Low Fully built bus, intra city bus Floor-LPO 1623 CNG Starbus hybrid Low floor intracity bus EV/CNG Tata LPT 1613 Truck CNG Truck Dedicated CNG bus Kinglong Bus imported from China Piaggio CNG Ape Truck Volvo CNG low floor bus Thailand LDVs Chevrolet Optra CNG Bifuel car DaimlerChrysler Mercedes E200 Bi-fuel passenger car NGT General Motors4 Chevrolet Optra Sedan bi-fuel 1,6 litre To be launched end 2006/early Both manual and automatic transmissions. Chevrolet Optra Estate bi-fuel 1,6 litre Honda Expected to enter the market Hyundai Sonata Bifuel car Monika CNG tuk-tuk Corolla Altis Passenger car Toyota Motor Thailand Co., Ltd. Limo CNG (Altis) Bifuel car Hilux Vigo Pick Up Bifuel pick up Multifuel Proton Persona CNG (CNG/gasoline/alcohol or gasohol) car Tata Motors Xenon Super CNG Pick up (S80) Expected Volvo to enter the market HDV Chevrolet Colorado dual fuel Pick-up truck to run on 80% CNG and 20% diesel. Can be switched to 100% diesel. FM-15 CNG version Tractor truck (6 wheels) Hino FG- 15 CNG version Tractor truck (10 wheels) FL1J NGV Truck Small truck Isuzu Truck Heavy-Duty 6 wheels Assembly of CNG Summitr Motors buses and trucks Yantia Shuchi Vehicle In plan: opening an NG bus Co NG bus(es) plant and investment in fuelling facility

37 April Brand NGV models Remarks Iran LDVs Samand D class, cc, passenger car Peugeot 405 C class, cc, passenger car Iran Khodro Co. Peugeot RD C class, cc, passenger car Peykan cc, pick-up Hybrid EV/CNG Prototype Saipa Pride C class, cc, passenger car Saipa Group (Zamyad Zamyad cc, pick up subsidiary Co.) M-HDVs S60G CNG Midibus S36CNG City Minibus Garbage collector CNG Renault Truck Medium Saipa Diesel CNG Tipper Truck Renault Medium Garbage Collector Truck CNG Budsun CNG Rigid Budsun Truck CNG city Bus MAN Bus Russia L-HDVs In plan: Cars, sport cars, Hybrid EV/natural trucks. Vehicles Yarovit Motors gas introduciton: end Mass marketing in 2012 HDVs Gaz CNG truck Truck Zil CNG truck Truck Kamaz CNG truck Truck Nefaz (Kamaz' bus CNG bus Dedicated CNG division) Liaz CNG bus Dedicated CNG (with Cummins engine) Paz CNG bus Dedicated CNG (with Cummins engine) CNG QVM Belarus QVM (Qualified Vehicle By professionla car tractor Modifier) version modifier CNG QVM forklift QVM version Indonesia HDV Daewoo CNG city bus Bus (engine from Korea, body/frame and assembly in Indonesia) Komodo CNG City bus Malaysia LDV Naza Ria CNG Passenger car Citra CNG Passenger car Proton Persona CNG Passenger car (taxi), in plan HDV Kosmo Motor Company Sdn Bhd Kosmo Bus Singapore LDV Chevrolet Optra Magnum Bifuel car Mercedes-Benz E200-NGT Sedan

38 36 NGV statistics Country Total Asian NGV statistics Natural Gas Vehicles Cars/LDVs MD/HD buses MD/HD trucks Refuelling stations Others Total Public Private Under construction VRA Monthly gas consumption (M Nm3) April 2010 Last update Pakistan ,0% September 2009 Iran ,7% December 2009 India ,6% April 2009 China ,0% January 2010 Bangladesh ,8% January 2010 Thailand ,4% December 2009 Egypt ,6% December 2009 Armenia ,2% September 2009 Russia ,5% December 2009 Uzbekistan ,3% September 2009 Malaysia ,0% January 2010 Japan ,0% September 2009 Korea ,0% October 2009 Myanmar ,0% October 2008 Tajikistan ,5% December 2007 Kyrgyzstan ,6% December 2007 Singapore ,0% December 2009 Turkey ,6% July 2008 Georgia ,0% January 2008 Australia ,0% November 2009 Indonesia ,0% December 2009 Vietnam December 2009 United Arab Emirates ,0% March 2007 New Zealand ,0% March 2007 Philippines ,0% February 2006 Taiwan ,0% April 2005 Turkmenistan 1 1 November 2009 Kazakhstan September 2009 Greater Asia ,3% March 2010 World % March 2010 Fuel Prices Premium Regular Country Diesel CNG Gasoline (Euro/litre) Gasoline (Euro/litre) (Euro/litre) (Euro/ Nm3) CNG price equivalent per litre gasoline CNG price equivalent per litre diesel Armenia 0,67 0,63 0,61 0,32 0,29 0,33 Australia 0,77 0,72 0,78 0,34 0,30 0,35 Bangladesh 0,52 0,49 0,34 0,18 0,16 0,18 China 0,59 0,56 0,50 0,34 0,30 0,35 Egypt 0,35 0,23 0,14 0,06 0,05 0,06 India 0,64 0,48 0,27 0,24 0,28 Indonesia 0,44 0,31 0,33 0,18 0,16 0,18 Iran 0,10 0,07 1,01 0,03 0,02 0,03 Japan 1,39 1,31 1,19 0,68 0,52 0,58 Korea 1,08 0,96 0,84 0,48 0,43 0,49 Malaysia 0,40 0,35 0,34 0,15 0,13 0,15 Pakistan 0,68 0,57 0,40 0,36 0,41 Philippines 0,56 0,50 0,22 0,20 0,23 Russia 0,80 0,69 0,70 0,22 0,20 0,23 Singapore 0,94 0,67 0,70 0,63 0,72 Thailand 0,73 0,68 0,61 0,19 0,17 0,19 World review Cars MD/HD MD/HD fuelling Region Total NGVs Others /LDVs Buses Trucks stations Asia Eurasia Africa Europe S.& C. America North America World In this table, Asia includes Egypt but excluding Eurasian countries (Armenia, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey). Egypt, that has 122,271 NGVs and 119 CNG filling stations is not yet included in Africa listing.

39 12a Conferenza ed Esposizione Mondiale dell Associazione Internazionale dei Veicoli a Gas Naturale - IANGV 12 th World IANGV Conference and Exhibition Dall 8 al 10 giugno 2010 June 8-10, 2010 Nuova Fiera di Roma New Rome Fair Padiglioni 10, 11 e area esterna Pavilions 10, 11 and outdoor area Roma, Italia Rome, Italy Creating a Revolution in Transport Verso la Rivoluzione nel Trasporto info@ngv2010roma.com Sponsor Principale Main Sponsor Sponsor Bronze Bronze Sponsors Un evento di An event of Ospitato da Hosted by Organizzato da Organized by

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