Ehitisintegreeritud fotoelektriliste päikesepaneelide tootlikkus ja majanduslik tasuvus Eesti kliimas aastal 2011
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1 Ehitisintegreeritud fotoelektriliste päikesepaneelide tootlikkus ja majanduslik tasuvus Eesti kliimas aastal 2011 Annika Päsik Majandus-ja Kommunikatsiooniministeerium
2 Sisukord Eesmärk Päikesekiirgus Eestis Paneeli tootlikkuse olulisemad mõjutegurid Tulemused Järeldused Võimalikud edasised uuringud
3 PV paneelide võimalik paigutus
4 Eesmärk Eramaja 124 m 2 4 MWh Katus/fassaad
5 Võrku ühendatud ja ühendamata (autonoomne) süsteem (6kWp) PV Inverter Arvesti Võrk Laadimiskontroller Akud Tarbijad
6 Tehnoloogiad Tüüp Mõõtmed (m) Efektiivsu s (%) Võimsus (W) pc-si 1,31x0,99 14,3 185 µc-/a-si 1,409x1, CdTe 1,2x0,6 11,1 80
7 Päikesekiirguse hulk Euroopas optimaalse kaldenurgaga pinnal
8 Päikesekiirgus hulk Eestis optimaalse kaldenurgaga pinnal
9 Optimaalne kaldenurk Eestis
10 Kiirgushulk (kwh/m 2 ) Päikesekiirgus 48⁰ kaldenurgaga pinnal Tallinnas Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2007 Kokku 1134kWh/m Kokku 1091kWh/m Kokku 1174kWh/m2
11 Jaan Veeb Märts Apr Mai Juuni Juuli Energia (kwh/m2) Aug Sep Okt Nov Dets Globaalne horisontaalne ja hajus päikesekiirguse hulk erinevatel kuudel Tallinnas 2009.a Hajus Horisontaalne Optimaalne
12 Paneeli tootlikkuse olulisemad mõjutegurid Paneeli temperatuur Kiirgushulk Päikese spekter Sesoonsed efektid Päikesekiirguse langemisnurk
13 Reaalne efektiivsus/nominaalne efektiivsus Erinevat tüüpi moodulite efektiivsuse varieeruvus (TTÜ ) 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 pc-si a-si
14 mõõdetud võimsus/nominaalne võimsus Erinevate moodulite võimsuste temperatuursõltuvused G = 1000 W/m2 mõõdetud TTÜs ,1 1,05 1 0,95 0,9 0,85 0, Mooduli temperatuur (C) μc-si mc-si CdTe
15 Erinevate PV süsteemide esialgse investeeringu hinnad Süst võim sus (kw) Mood ulite arv Mooduli d ( /kw) Inver ter ( /k W) Meh komp ( /m oodul ) Projekt ( /kw p) Install ( /moo dul) Võrku ühendatud süsteem kokku Autonoomse süsteemi lisakomponendi d ( ) ( ) ( /kwp) Akud Kontrol ler Autonoomne süsteem kokku ( ) ( /kw p) Fassaad mc-si 5, , , , , , µc/a-si CdTe 5, , Katus mc-si 5, , , , , , µc/a-si CdTe ,
16 Võrku ühendatud süsteem Mont.komp 10% Install 15% Projekt 1% Inverter 14% Paneel 60%
17 Autonoomne süsteem Kontroller 4% Projekt 1% Install 10% Mont.komp 7% Akud 24% Paneel 44% Inverter 10%
18 Tootlikkus kwh/kwp) Süsteemide tootlikkus kwh/kwp Katusesüsteemide tootlikkus (kwh/kwp) Tootlikkus kwh/kwp) Fassaadisüsteemide tootlikkus (kwh/kwp) c-si Kokku 900kWh/kWp µc/a-si Kokku 805kWh/kWp c-si Kokku 670kWh/kWp µc/a-si Kokku 591kWh/kWp CdTe Kokku 1003kWh/kWp CdTe Kokku 755kWh/kWp µc-asi TTÜ päiksepaneelide välitestimise labori andmed CdTe ja c-si andmed PVGIS andmebaasist
19 Erinevate PV süsteemid tasandatud elektri hinnad 20 aastase kasutusperioodi jooksul Või ms us (k W) Tootlikkus 20a perioodil (kwh) Võrku ühendatud süsteemi kulud 20a perioodil Esialgne investeerin g ( ) Intressi d ( ) Kokku ( ) Tasandatud el. hind ( /kwh) Autonoomse süsteemi kulud 20a perioodil Esialgne investeering ( ) Intressi d( ) Kokku ( ) Tasandatud elektri hind ( /kwh) Fassaad mc-si 5, , ,52 µc/a-si 3, , ,77 CdTe 5, , ,48 Katus mc-si 5, , ,38 µc/a-si 6, , ,43 CdTe , ,34
20 Järeldused Sobivam paigutus PV paneelidel on lõuna suunas 42⁰ (+/-5⁰) PV paneelide aastane energiatoodang fassaadi installatsioonide korral ligi 25% madalam kui katuseinstallatsioonidel (45⁰) Võrreldud tehnoloogiatest CdTe süsteemil madalaim tasandatud el.hind 10 ja 20 aastase tööperioodi kohta (0,31 /kwh ja 0,21 /kwh) Põhjus: CdTe kõrge tootlikkus kwp kohta (temp tõusule tundlikkus väikseim)
21 Soovitused edasisteks uuringuteks CdTe paneelide testimine Eestis välitingimustes Pikajaline degradeerumise uuring Täielikult integreeritud paneelitüübi tasuvuse uurimine Eesti tingimustes
22 Tänan tähelepanu eest! Küsimusi?
23 Maksimaalne paneelide pindala katusel ja fassaadil Module type Module area m 2 Amount of modules* Maximum possible area covered with modules m 2 facade roof facade roof pc Si 1, ,08 65,5 µc-/a-si 1, ,08 63,9 CdTe 0, ,4 62,4 * on facade µc-/a-si modules are placed with longer side horizontally, on roof CdTe modules are placed with longer side horizontally
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