China International Automotive Congress Traffic & Safety Possible Transfer of European Achievements

Transcription

1 China International Automotive Congress 2009 Traffic & Safety Possible Transfer of European Achievements Shenyang, 13 September 2009 Dr.-Ing. Markus Bröckerhoff, Dipl.-Ing. Micha Lesemann Forschungsgesellschaft Kraftfahrwesen mbh Aachen # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 1

2 Agenda Traffic Safety in Europe Status Quo in China Current Safety Research Activities Summary & Outlook # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 2

3 Economic Impact of Road Safety Damage caused by Road Accidents 2004 in Germany Damage caused by Road Accidents 2004 [bill. ] Damage to Persons 2004 [bill. ] slightly injured material damage damage to persons seriously injured fatal economic loss (per person): fatal 1,161,885 seriously injured 87,269 slightly injured 3,885 source: BASt # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 3

4 Classification of Vehicle Safety Active and Passive Safety Vehicle Safety Active Safety Prevention of Accidents Passive Safety Mitigation of Accident Aftermaths # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 4

5 Accident Statistics Germany Accidents in total / inju ured occupants Accidents in total Injured occupants Traffic Killed occupants since 1991: unificated Germany 370 billion pass. km/year mandatory belt use speed limit on country roads frontal belt non-use belt fine mand. helmet for motorcycl. rear belt 1080 billion passenger km/year Passive Safety Active Safety Fatalitie es 0 0 # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 5 Year source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Verkehr in Zahlen

6 History of Passive Safety First Crash Tests at Daimler-Benz in the 1950s (Video) # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 6

7 History of Passive Safety Protection of Passengers in the Past and Today aggressive form of steering wheel knee protector pads side airbag square-edged instrument panel displacement of steering wheel footwell intrusion telescopic steering column front airbag # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 7

8 Example for Active Safety Systems Electronic Stability Program (Video) # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 8 source: Bosch

9 Safety Relevant Phases and Safety Systems Active Safety Hazard Prevention Passive Safety Damage Reduction Hazard Detection Hazard Avoidance Hazard Mitigation Crash unavoidable Crash Time ACC Adaptive Cruise Control LDW Lane Departure Warning LKA Lane Keeping Assist FCW Forward Collision Warning BSD Blind Spot Detection ABS Anti-Brake System ESC Electronic Stability Control Active Safety Systems CM Collision Mitigation Adaptive Headrest Pre-Crash Systems Passive Safety Systems Seatbelts Airbags Collapsing Steering Collapsing Pedals Automatic Emergency Call # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 9

10 Agenda Traffic Safety in Europe Status Quo in China Current Safety Research Activities Summary & Outlook # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 10

11 Status Quo in China Accident Statistics Accidents in tota al / injured occupants Accidents in total Injured occupants Fatalities Traffic 262 billion pass. km/year 705 billion pass. km/year Effects of improved vehicle safety Fa atalities mobility for the masses still main focus next step: safety for the masses! # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 11 sources: China Road Traffic Accident Statistics 2005, Destatis

12 Comparison of Crash Standards Primary Euro NCAP Crash Load Cases Frontal Impact Test EEVC offset deformable barrier 64 km/h with 40% overlap 2 HIII 50% male, 1 P3 and 1 P1.5 dummies Side Impact Test EEVC moving deformable barrier, 950 kg 50 km/h, aiming at vehicle s R-point 1 EuroSID II, 1 P3 and 1 P1.5 dummies Pole Impact Test Rigid pole barrier 29 km/h, aiming at vehicle s R-point 1 EuroSID II dummy # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 12

13 Comparison of Crash Standards Primary C-NCAP Crash Load Cases Frontal Impact Test Rigid barrier 50 km/h with 100% overlap 2 HIII 50% male and 1 HIII 5% female dummies Frontal Impact Test Offset deformable barrier 56 km/h with 40% overlap 2 HIII 50% male and 1 HIII 5% female dummies Side Impact Test EEVC moving deformable barrier, 950 kg 50 km/h, aiming at Vehicle s R-point 1 EuroSID II dummy # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 13

14 Status Quo C-NCAP vs. Euro NCAP Frontal Impact Test Same barrier 30% higher energy in Euro NCAP Comparable measurement Side Impact Test Same barrier Same energy Comparable measurement Pole Impact Test Not applied in China Requires very stiff side structure Toughest side crash load case # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 14

15 What needs to be done to Improve Vehicle Safety in China? Improvement of the infrastructure adopted to the growing number of vehicles (traffic flow & control) How to use this belt? Legislation & adapted driving behaviour (teaching/fines) Replacement/inspection of the vehicle fleet ( mobility and safety for everyone ) Teaching the benefits of safety systems and using them! # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 15

16 Agenda Traffic Safety in Europe Status Quo in China Current Safety Research Activities Conflict Safety vs. Lightweight Design Crash Compatibility Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Evaluation of Active Safety Systems Safety of Electric Vehicles Summary & Outlook # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 16

17 Consequences of Safety and Comfort Demands Increase of Vehicle Weight Weight [kg] Citroën GS Opel Kadett Fiat Ford Escort Ritm o Opel Kadett Golf I Ford Escort safety & comfort Peugeot 305 Renault 9 Golf II Opel Kadett Toyota Corolla Fiat Tipo Citroën ZX Golf III Renault 19 Peugeot 306 Opel Astra Fiat Stilo Toyota Corolla 307 Seat Toledo Renault Megane Opel Astra Fiat Brava Golf IV Ford Focus Audi A3 Golf V Honda Civic BMW 1er C4 Focus Astra 308 Megane # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 17

18 Conflict Safety vs. Lightweight Design SuperLIGHT-CAR: Uncompromising Passive Safety Project achievements Multi-material lightweight design for a compact class body in white Weight reduction: 101 kg (-37%) Hardware demonstrator Materials Aluminium Sheet Aluminium Die-casting Aluminium Extrusion Steel Hot-formed Steel Magnesium Sheet Magnesium Die-casting CFRP No compromises were allowed concerning passive safety requirements, aiming at 5-star Euro NCAP rating ika project. # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 18

19 Agenda Traffic Safety in Europe Status Quo in China Current Safety Research Activities Conflict Safety vs. Lightweight Design Crash Compatibility Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Evaluation of Active Safety Systems Safety of Electric Vehicles Summary & Outlook # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 19

20 Compatibility as a Major Challenge of Passive Safety Compatibility of Geometry Compatibility of Forces (Video) v v 2 1 = a a 2 1 = m m 1 2 # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 20

21 Passive Safety Future Vehicle Concepts: Small, but Safe New Ford Model T concept: profile-intensive vehicle structure StreetScooter concept: safe package for electric vehicles source: ika # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 21

22 Agenda Traffic Safety in Europe Status Quo in China Current Safety Research Activities Conflict Safety vs. Lightweight Design Crash Compatibility Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Evaluation of Active Safety Systems Safety of Electric Vehicles Summary & Outlook # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 22

23 Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Examples of Passive Safety Projects at ika/fka aufgestellter Zustand 1999 Active bonnet with spring mechanism Uni-Car with soft nose In cooperation with Design of vehicle front according to EU-Phase II (introduced in 2010) # bf0153.pptx External airbag for windscreen impact Slide No. 23 source: ika

24 Safety of Vulnerable Road Users External Airbag for Windscreen Impact (Videos) Series Vehicle Modified vehicle with external airbag source: ika # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 24

25 Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Active Safety Measures (Videos) Pedestrian detection Examples of test scenarios source: ika # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 25

26 Agenda Traffic Safety in Europe Status Quo in China Current Safety Research Activities Conflict Safety vs. Lightweight Design Crash Compatibility Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Evaluation of Active Safety Systems Safety of Electric Vehicles Summary & Outlook # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 26

27 Roadmap for ICT-based Safety Systems How Can the Advantage for Customers be Evaluated? Long. Collision Avoidance Longitudinal Assistance Domain Intersection Assistant Additional Assistance Domain Active Wheel Load Distribution Active Spring Systems Adaptive Headlights medium-term 5-10 years Damper Control Adaptive Brake Assistant Driver Drowsiness Warning Roll Stability Control short-term - 5 years Warning Traffic Jam End Speed Alert Obstacle and Collision Warning today Night Vision Brake Assistant ESC ABS Active Font Steering Active Rear Steering Curve Speed Assistant Collision Mitigation by Braking ACC Stop&Go ACC Traction Control Blind Spot Monitoring LDW Torque Vectoring Overtaking Assistant Lane Keeping Assistant Lane Change Assistant Left Turning Assistant Lane Change Warning Lateral Assistance Domain Merging Assistant long-term > 10 years IVDC Yaw/Stability Assistance Domain # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 27

28 Evaluation of Active Safety Systems Project evalue Active safety systems are now massively implemented in European vehicles, e.g. ABS, ESP, Active Cruise Control, Lane Departure Warning, In opposition to passive safety, no common test program is existing. evalue is starting to develop the required test and evaluation procedures. This will support the public perception as well as the development at OEMs and suppliers. ika project. # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 28

29 Safety Relevant Phases and Safety Systems Active Safety Hazard Prevention Passive Safety Damage Reduction Hazard Detection Hazard Avoidance Hazard Mitigation Crash unavoidable Crash Time ACC Adaptive Cruise Control LDW Lane Departure Warning LKA Lane Keeping Assist FCW Forward Collision Warning BSD Blind Spot Detection ABS Anti-Brake System ESC Electronic Stability Control CM Collision Mitigation Adaptive Headrest Pre-Crash Systems Seatbelts Airbags Collapsing Steering Collapsing Pedals Automatic Emergency Call NCAP Programs # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 29

30 Considered Systems System Cluster 1 (longitudinal assistance) 1. ACC 2. Forward Collision Warning 3. Collision Mitigation, by braking System Cluster 2 (lateral assistance) 4. Blind Spot Detection 5. Lane Departure Warning 6. Lane Keeping Assistant System Cluster 3 (yaw/stability assistance) 7. ABS 8. ESC ika project. # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 30

31 Considered Scenarios Longitudinal Subject vehicle Target vehicle Straight road W t a s, v s a t, v t Target vehicle v t Curved road Subject vehicle a t, v t Subject vehicle v s Target vehicle v t Transversally moving target ika project. # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 31

32 Considered Scenarios Lateral v t v s Lane and road departure on a straight road v s v t R v s R Lane and road departure on curve / on a straight road just before a curve v s Target vehicle Subject vehicle v t v s Lane change collision ika project. # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 32

33 Considered Scenarios Stability Low µ Emergency High µ v s a max breaking on µ- split Low µ High µ v s a max Driver collision avoidance W t v s R v s R R Fast driving into a curve / roll stability v s v s ika project. # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 33

34 Agenda Traffic Safety in Europe Status Quo in China Current Safety Research Activities Conflict Safety vs. Lightweight Design Crash Compatibility Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Evaluation of Active Safety Systems Safety of Electric Vehicles Summary & Outlook # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 34

35 Safety of Electric Vehicles Electric vehicles need relatively large battery modules in order to meet adequate driving ranges. These modules can e.g. be placed in the floor of the vehicle. Fuel tanks remain safe even with small deformation battery modules require higher safety. This concerns crash safety in order to avoid damage with emission of hazardous gases and fluids, electrical safety in order to avoid short circuits and current feeds to passengers. source: RWTH Aachen University # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 35

36 Agenda Traffic Safety in Europe Status Quo in China Current Safety Research Activities Summary & Outlook # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 36

37 Summary & Outlook Future of Vehicle Safety Vehicle safety remains one of the most important development targets for new vehicles. Massive achievements have been realised in European vehicles, both in active and passive safety. Safety standards for new vehicles have massively increased in China within a short time, but mobility still seems to be more important than safety for most road users. A transfer of European solutions into Chinese vehicle models is possible and would reduce both development costs and time to market. The future research will focus on further combination of active and passive (= integrated) safety, compatibility, pedestrian protection and the safety of electric vehicles. # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 37

38 Thank you for your attention! # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 38

39 Contact Dr.-Ing. Markus Bröckerhoff Managing Director Forschungsgesellschaft Kraftfahrwesen mbh Aachen Steinbachstraße Aachen Germany Phone Fax broeckerhoff@fka.de Internet # bf0153.pptx Slide No. 39