2005 Construction & Demolition Debris Training Program

Transcription

1 URS Corporation 2005 Construction & Demolition Debris Training Program LANDFILL SAFETY Presented by: Jay D. Mokotoff, P.E. URS Corporation November 16, 2005

2 Topics Covered in This Session Overall Responsibility for Safety Safety Training Manual / Handbook Communication, Communication, Communication Landfill Traffic Management Equipment Safety Dangerous Conditions and Activities Operational Considerations Personnel Training Emergency Contingency / Response Plans Review of Solid Waste Operations Questionnaire

3 Overall Pain DECREASED = ACCIDENTS Suffering Costs Work Accomplished Money Made Efficiency of Operations People Cause Accidents. Only People Can Eliminate Accidents!

4 Overall Safety is a big issue, especially at landfills, where the mix of heavy equipment, traffic and trash can often spell disaster for the untrained worker.

5 Overall Primary Dangers quotes supported by BFI and Republic s statistics: At a landfill, the working face is the most dangerous Invisibility is the primary hazard in a landfill -- do everything possible to make sure your employees and your customers on the working face are visible. You may require high visibility reflective safety vests, as well as hard hats, safety glasses and steel-toed work boots. The second most dangerous landfill hazard is being struck by moving objects. Safety is a personal thing because life is personal

6 Overall Statistics Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data: In fatalities in the solid waste industry: 45 waste collection fatalities 7 landfill fatalities 3 fatalities at MRFs 4 other disposal (presumably transfer stations) fatalities. OSHA data Number of fatalities in landfill accidents: worker fatalities / worker fatalities worker fatalities / worker fatalities

7 Overall Safety Statistics (continued) The number of OSHA citations issued to companies in the private sector refuse system category has declined by more than 30% between 1998 and The amount of penalties assessed against companies in the private sector refuse system category in 2004 was less than half of the amount paid in 1998.

8 SAFETY FAILURE CASE Compactor Fatality A 35-year-old truck driver died as a result of being run over by a landfill compactor at a municipal landfill. The was delivering a load of refuse to the landfill. He exited the cab of his truck at the unloading site and was struck by a compactor that was backing up. The backup alarm on the compactor was working properly and the operator stated that he looked through both the rear and side mirrors before he began backing up but did not see the victim in his path. - New York Department of Health

9 Overall Accident Report Forms and Documentation Report forms Report accidents & near misses! Accident Documentation Who was involved? Which vehicles were involved? What were the personal injuries? What property was damaged? What agencies or individuals responded to the accident? Record date, time, weather conditions, and other pertinent information

10 Overall Workers vs. Public on-site Workers Workers at landfill face Office Public Customers Visitors Contractors

11 Overall Cost of Accidents Physical injury or death Increased insurance premiums Increased workers compensation Potential lawsuits

12 Overall Constant Safety Reinforcement Facility must constantly emphasize the importance of Protection protocols Accident avoidance Safety protocols Safety training for personnel

13 Overall PRIMARY FOCUS SAFETY is first and foremost in all operating procedures

14 Responsibility for Safety Who Is Responsible for Maintaining a Safe Facility? Who Is Responsible for Making Sure that You are Safe? Check and Double Check Never Assume!

15 Safety Training Manual / Handbook What Should Be In It? May include the following: Safe waste handling procedures Safe operating procedures Cleanup procedures Use of emergency and safety equipment Basic first-aid procedures Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Includes general training information as well as job-specific requirements

16 Safety Training Manual / Handbook What Should Be In It? (continued) Recommended/suggested for every employee to have their own copy Documents all training provided/obtained Name of training, date, who provided it, etc. Designate if employee or owner is responsible for maintaining documentation current

17 Safety Training Manual / Handbook Job-Specific Landfill Procedures Examples: Dozer Operator Procedures (refer to handout) Landfill Spotter Procedures (refer to handout)

18 Communication, Communication, Communication Who is your Safety Officer? Who is your Emergency Coordinator? These people must be designated and everybody needs to know who they are Designate a back-up or alternate person

19 Communication, Communication, Communication Onsite Communications Use of a variety of devices Mobile radios Fixed radios Pagers Cellular phone Communications coordination through: Safety officer Operations manager Other designee

20 Communication, Communication, Communication Offsite Communications Use of outside telephone lines Locate fixed telephones in all structures Offices Scalehouses All other buildings Direct telephone communications to an outside alert agency Police Fire Department Ambulance service Emergency coordinators

21 Communication, Communication, Communication Radios What type can be used? Who should carry them?

22 Communication, Communication, Communication Signage What should they say? Where should they be located? Some are required by regulations Other are recommended Hand Signals Hand signals are a useful language when noise is an issue A site operation that respects neither personnel safety nor site security cannot be improved with a few signs

23 Communication, Communication, Communication Safety Signage Recommended Content There is a high danger of being struck by objects. Common rules displayed on safety signs include: Park trash trucks at least 10 to 15 feet apart while dumping trash at the face. Stay at least 100 feet away from roll-off trucks or semis to avoid injury should they tip over. Only one person outside of a vehicle at a time. When leaving a vehicle notify nearby heavy equipment operators of your intentions. Then stay close to your vehicle and maintain eye contact with equipment operators. Do not walk behind the heavy equipment. No scavenging. Scavengers pay attention to the trash and not to the movements of the heavy equipment.

24 Communication, Communication, Communication Regular Safety Meetings When should they be held and how often At least monthly during normal operations Any time there will be a change in operations If a contractor is on-site, suggest weekly meetings Whenever determined to be necessary by manager/owner Who should attend? Site superintendent/operations manager All operators and field personnel (seasoned and rookies) Contractors and Visitors

25 Communication, Communication, Communication Regular Safety Meetings (continued) What should be discussed? Current or unique situations at the facility Material handling techniques Identification of job hazards Operator safety Document the meetings Minutes/notes Attendance sheets

26 SAFETY FAILURE CASE Drowning Fatality A dozer operator in Saskatchewan drowned in an unmarked, concealed water-filled pit at a landfill site. The dozer operator was working alone in a new municipal solid waste landfill pit and an adjacent old pit. A layer of floating garbage bags and other wastes, about one to two meters thick, covered the top of a pond 10 meters deep at the end of the old pit. The dozer operator drove onto the garbage layer floating on the pond and sank, nose first, to the bottom. The operator could not get out from under the garbage covering the pond. - Government of Saskatchewan, Canada Labour Department

27 Landfill Traffic Management Two Basic Rules Give Adequate Instructions Clearly Mark All Turns

28 Landfill Traffic Management Access Roads and Haul Roads Access Roads Limited access Controlled access Haul Roads on the landfill Design Layout Blind-spots Weather conditions Maintain road conditions Minimize potholes, washouts, ruts, muddy conditions, etc. Allow for drainage

29 Landfill Traffic Management Considerations Speed Limits Signage, Flags, Cones Spotters A spotter can improve safety by helping guide trucks into proper dumping position

30 Landfill Traffic Management Vehicle Routing and Segregation Route and segregate with consideration to: Vehicle type Self-haul vs. commercial vehicles Manually unloaded vs. automatically unloaded

31 Landfill Traffic Management Sample Traffic Flow Diagram

32 Landfill Traffic Management Sample Traffic Flow Diagram

33 Landfill Traffic Management Communication Issues Communication between operational vehicles and public/private haulers Communication among landfill personnel regarding landfill traffic conditions

34 Landfill Traffic Management Other Traffic Considerations Maintain minimum safe passing distances 4x4 trucks/vehicles Larger vehicles Bulldozer Tractor Compactor Excavator Scraper Water trucks ADTs etc. Vehicles moving waste Vehicles surrounding people, other vehicles and equipment Temporary traffic coordination during construction activities

35 Equipment Safety Equipment Stability Grade (steepness) of ground surface Roughness of ground surface Machine speed Machine direction

36 Equipment Safety Safety differences between: Trucks/vehicles Bulldozers Tractors Compactors Excavators Scrapers Water trucks ADTs etc.

37 SAFETY FAILURE CASE Confined Space Entry Fatality City Engineer killed in landfill manhole when retrieving flow meter. The 32-year-old male collapsed in a manhole while attempting to retrieve a flow meter and was pronounced dead after he was transported to a hospital. According to the fire department monitoring data, the oxygen concentration at the bottom of the manhole was 2.1% and the flammable vapors exceeded 60% of the lower explosive level (LEL) at the time of the rescue. New York Dept. of Health

38 Equipment Safety Minimum Clearances Maintain minimum clearance distances between: Waste being pushed and nearby people Waste being pushed and other vehicles/equipment Minimum distance should be 10-feet

39 Equipment Safety Inspections, Incidents & Records Keep inspection and service reports for each piece of equipment Keep records of all: Servicing Unusual incidents Faulty operational issues

40 Dangerous Conditions and Activities Safe Slope Conditions Maintain safe slope conditions: Steepness/grade Wet/snowy/icy conditions Protruding materials Slope failures

41 Dangerous Conditions and Activities What s Wrong with Scavenging? Regulations read No Person Shall Conduct or Allow Scavenging From a safety standpoint, scavenging is a bad idea and a huge liability Some view scavenging as another means of recycling and a perk that comes with the job If operators/personnel scavenge, it sets a dangerous example for others to follow (i.e., the public) Holds up normal operating procedures/costs money Many people have been seriously injured or killed while scavenging

42 SAFETY FAILURE CASE Equipment / Vehicle Fatality 28-year old construction worker killed when struck by an excavator bucket. The operator had positioned the excavator bucket near a manhole section while the victim attached a three-legged bridle to the manhole section for lifting. The bucket disconnected from the excavator stick and struck the victim. He was pronounced dead at the scene. New Jersey Dept. of Health and Senior Services 32-year old construction laborer died after being struck in the head by a backhoe bucket. New Jersey Dept. of Health and Senior Services

43 Dangerous Conditions and Activities Fire Safety The most common sources that start landfill fires are: Hot loads/ashes dumped Spontaneous combustion Cigarette smoking Flammable debris on hot equipment parts Bulldozers suffocating open flames Extinguishing a hot load

44 Dangerous Conditions and Activities Fire Safety (continued)

45 Dangerous Conditions and Activities Electrical and Mechanical Operations Pumps Generators Control panels

46 Dangerous Conditions and Activities Inclement Weather Designated inclement weather area Slope and road conditions

47 Dangerous Conditions and Activities Other Conditions and Activities Confined space entry Waste handling Load checking

48 Operational Considerations Things That Can Be Done or Improved Upon Improve communication Improve visibility Provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Hard hats, boots, high visibility vests, gloves, hearing protection, safety glasses/goggles, coveralls, back-support belt, etc. Place and spread waste from bottom of slope upwards Watch for items of concern in waste handling in the unloading zone Propane tanks, explosives, sharp metal objects, glass, wire, etc.

49 Personnel Training Training Considerations Do you have an established employee training program? Do you have an employee training manual Train all personnel on the proper and most effective response to each emergency situation Determine how often to train Periodically evaluate the training program to determine if improvements/revisions are needed Ante Up!! Incentive Programs Work!

50 Emergency Contingency/Response Plans Emergency Preparedness Standard definition: Serves as an effective action plan to prevent, minimize and abate hazards to human health, safety and the environment. Provides emergency response procedures Do you have a plan or procedure? Do the people who need to know about it, actually know about it? Train all personnel on the proper and most effective response to each emergency situation Do a periodic dry-run with personnel to practice the execution of the plan The key to responding correctly to an emergency is to know ahead of time what to do

51 Emergency Contingency/Response Plans Sample Outline for Emergency Contingency Plan 1. Introduction/Description of Program 2. Designation of Emergency Coordinator 3. Emergency Equipment 4. Plan Dissemination 5. Emergency Response Agencies 6. Emergency Response Actions 7. Spill and Leak Response Procedures 8. Fire Control Plan 9. Emergency and Accident/Injury Procedures 10.Emergency and Accident/Injury Reporting 11.Contingency Plan Amendments

52 Emergency Contingency/Response Plans Required Items in Contingency Response Plan Minimum required figures Site Location Map Overall Site Operations Plan with key site locations Route and directions to hospital Minimum required contact and equipment lists Emergency response contacts (local, state, national) Name and contact information for facility emergency personnel Safety and emergency equipment list and locations

53 ASK QUESTIONS!!

54 CONTACT INFORMATION Jay D. Mokotoff, P.E. Senior Civil Engineer URS Corporation 1375 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, Ohio (216)