Ohio Lgricultural Research and Development Center. Northwest Branch, Custar, Ohio

Transcription

1 !i?,"cessng TOM/,TO Vt.RETY TR.<\LS Ohio tgricultural Research and Development Center Northwest Branch, Custar, Ohio WLLTER N. BROWN DEPtJt~1:ENT OF HORTCULTURE Ohio Lgricultural Research and Development Center Wooster, Ohio Horticulture Mimeograph Series No. 347 February 8, 1968

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3 THE OHO l.grcultu&\l RESE1.RCH :~ND DEVELOPMENT CENTER Northwest Branch, Custar, Ohio Depart~~nt of Horticulture Mimeograph Series No. 347 February 8, 1968 SMULl"TED ~\CHNE Hf.RVEST PROCESSNG TOM:~TO V~RETY TR~LS t-jl~lter N. BROWN* Tomato varieties included in the 1967 simulated machine harvest trials were selected from twenty-four varieties replicated five times and twenty-four varieties in single plot (Table 1). These varietie~ selected for simulated machine harvest were observed in the field and chosed on the basis of firmness of fruit, freedom from cracking, concentration of fruit) holding ability, color and desirable vine characteristics. Each variety was harvested ~n three dates in order to secure data just prior to peak y~~~~, pe~k yicl~, and past-peak yield. CULTURt,L NFORMl~TON Plants: Greenhouse and frame-grown, 70 per standard flat from seed sown l~ril ll,for replicated varieties anj l~ril 13,for single plots. Transplanted to Field: June 6, with single row transplanter, using ~tarter at rate of 6lbs./OO gals. water, ~ pint/plant. Fertilizer: 1000 bsw/~ of drilled on chopped corn stubble, and plowed "~)wn December 19, Land disked, cultipacked, and harrowed on June 5, Plot Size and Spacing: 5 feet apart. Twenty plants per single row, spaced 2 feet in rows Herbicide: Broadcast i~iben 10% granular at 40 bs./l on July 1, after cultivating on June 30) 1967~ nsect and Disease Control: The following schedule of materials was applied: June 9 DDT l#/a July 17 - Manza te 31ft /1;. + Mala thion 141 July 27 - Manzate 341/1.. Lugust 5 - Manzate 3#/~ + Dieldrin %# l~ug. 15 Manzate 341/L\ + TDE l~/ +..:~ldrin \# :.ug Manzate 31F/i~ + TDE 1%// + Dieldrin \f Sept Copper 611/ i + Dieldrin %,fj ltjeather Data:..:,1 though rainfall was near nroma1 for ~\.pril and May the distribution was such that land could not be worked until May 23. Temperatures for June averaged above normal but July, Lugust, and September were several degrees below normal. ~ light frcst on September 5, burned some foliage, additional frosts on 6, 7, and 8th did not injure fruit seriously. * Department of Horticulture, O:~DCJ 1827 Neil l~enuc, Columbus, Ohio 43210

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5 VC -'67, p. 2 June 1-30 July 1-31 t..ugust 1-31 September 1-30 October 1-12 l\verage Temperatures Dep. Normnl H/,RVEST PROCEDURES Total 1.74" 5.11" 2.52" 2.91" 1.76" Rainfall Dep. Normn! " " " The first harvest was mnde on September 8, and the last on October 12. From each single row of 20 plants a five-plant sample was chosen for each harvest. The plants composing the snmplc were pre-selected prior to harvest by using n table of random number to eliminate bins. The 5 plnnts constituting the sample were cut and lifted on to ~ cnnvas sling nnd cnrried to the shaker and vine removal mechanism of a Benner-Nawman field-model harvester. Fruits were then sorted on the sorting belt to remove 011 fruits below No. 2 grade for color (classed ns green). The red fruits were then sorted into No.1, No.2, and Culls; counted and weighed.!~t the time of lifting all plants onto the sling nny usable fruits, culls and green fruits remaining on the ground were picked up nnd placed on the sling, the decomposed fruits on the ground were counted. tn additional twenty-plant row from ench replication of each variety was hnrvested by hand (constituting the regular hand harvested trials) on the snme dntes os the simulated mnchine harvests were mndc.

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7 SMULATED MACHNE vs HAND HARVEST Northwest Branch, Custar} Ohio 1967 TABLE vc- '67, E,3 RED FRUT GRADES ACTUAL YELD T/A FELD DECOMPOSED RECOVERED US1\.BLE FRUTS FRUT Harvest Total Calc. Percentage 1..8 % of Method No.1 No. 2 Culls Red 1&2 Green Tons of Tot. No. Max. HH Date % % % T. T. T. T. % % 111 Galaxy 8M 9/ / * / HH 9/ / / * /;2 Starfire 8M 9/ * / / HH 9/ / / * 1;3 Heinz M 9/ / * / HB 9/20 ~ / * 10/ Fireball 8/ M / * / / HH / / "l\-

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9 SMULt.TED MJ\CHNE vs H/AND Hl\.RVEST Northwest Branch} Custar, Ohio 1967 Table 1 (cont'd) vc - '57, p.4 RED FRUT GR~DES CTUt.L YELD T/!" FELD DECOMPOSED RECOVERED USl,BLE Harvest FRUTS FRUT lvfethod Total Calc. Percentage J.\s % of No. 1 No. 2 Culls Red 1&2 Green Tons of Tot. No. Max. HH Date % % % T. T. T. T. % % 115 Bouncer 8M 9/ / * / HH 9/ / / * #6 Heinz 1630 S!1 9/ / * / E- 9/ / / * 1~7 SRX '1 9/ / , / tnt l... l. 9/ / l8.s'j'(, 10/12 1/8 Heinz M 9/20 9/ / * or... f1 9/ / / ('

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11 SMULi\TED M..\CHNE vs HtND HllRVEST Northwest Branch) Custar) Ohio 1967 Table 1 (contfd) VC "-~ '67, p. 5 RED FRUT GRl'~DES / CTU4\L YELD T/: FELD DECOMPOSED RECOVERED USrBLE Harvest FRUTS FRUT Method Total Calc. Percentage ts % of No. 1 No. 2 Culls Red 1&2 Gr~en Tons of Tot. No. Max. HH Date % % % T. T. T. T. % io 1/10 New Yorker M 9/ ";~ / / HH 9/ / * 10/12 iff 13 Heinz M 9/ / ;'\" /12 ~r: ~ HH 9/ / * 10/12 5 H~inz t1 9/ /28 Sf}.2 42~ / * HH 9/ / / * 1f17 Campbell 19 8M 9/ / / lo.l ~\ tel 9/ / / ;'\

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13 SMUL!.TED M:.CHNE vs H.\ND HL':RVEST Northwest Branch, Custar., Ohio 1967 Table 1 (cont'd) \'c - '67) p.6 RED FRUT GRi\DES ~'_CTU/.L YELD T/1\ FELD DECOMPOSED RECOVERED US!.BLE Harvest FRUTS FRUT Method Total Calc. Percentage 1 s % of No. 1 No. 2 Culls Red 1&2 Green Tons of Tot. No. Max. HH Date % % % T. T. T. T. % % 1/18 XP 627 8M 9/ / / ";'( HH 9/ / / #~ #20 Del. 65 S 7 3M 9/ / \ / HH 9/ / / * 1/21 Heinz M 9/ / * / HH 9/ / / ')'( :fft25 Fireball VR M 9/ '1( / / HH 9/ / * 10/12

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15 f SMUL;~TED M1CHNE vs H~\ND H,',RVEST Northwest Branch, Custar, Ohio, 1967 Table 1 (cont'd) ~. VC c~ 7 p. 7 RED FRUT G~~,.DES ~CTU'L YELD T/: FELD DECOMPOSED RECOVERED UStBLE Harvest FRUTS FRUT M.ethod Total Calc. Percentage 1s % of No. 1 No. 2 Culls Red 1&2 Green Tons of Tot. No. Max. HH Date % % % T. T. T. T. % % 1;26 Early Fireball M 9/ ~1\ / / HH 9/ / ,;\- 10/ Hunts 547 Srv1 9/ / ''\ / HH 9/ / / "J~ #48 ROVR S1'-1 9/ / ~" / ' HH 9/ / / "'

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