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1 Department of the Parliamentary Library INFORMATION AND RESEARCH SERVICES Research Paper No Federal Election Results

2 ISSN Copyright Commonwealth of Australia 2002 Except to the extent of the uses permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means including information storage and retrieval systems, without the prior written consent of the Department of the Parliamentary Library, other than by Senators and Members of the Australian Parliament in the course of their official duties. This paper has been prepared for general distribution to Senators and Members of the Australian Parliament. While great care is taken to ensure that the paper is accurate and balanced, the paper is written using information publicly available at the time of production. The views expressed are those of the author and should not be attributed to the Information and Research Services (IRS). Advice on legislation or legal policy issues contained in this paper is provided for use in parliamentary debate and for related parliamentary purposes. This paper is not professional legal opinion. Readers are reminded that the paper is not an official parliamentary or Australian government document. IRS staff are available to discuss the paper's contents with Senators and Members and their staff but not with members of the public. Published by the Department of the Parliamentary Library, 2002

3 I NFORMATION AND R ESEARCH S ERVICES Research Paper No Federal Election Results Gerard Newman Statistics Group 12 March 2002

4 Acknowledgments The author would like to thank Scott Bennett, Geoff Winter and Jan Pearson for their assistance in preparing this paper. Enquiries Information and Research Services publications are available on the ParlInfo database. On the Internet the Department of the Parliamentary Library can be found at: IRS Publications Office Telephone: (02)

5 Contents Introduction...1 Election Dates...1 Major Issues...3 Notes on Individual Elections...4 Detailed Results: House of Representatives...9 Detailed Results: Senate...31 State Summary: House of Representatives Elections State Summary: Senate Elections House of Representatives Elections Two Party Preferred Vote...71 Senate Elections Senate Composition After Election...73

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7 Introduction This Paper contains a summary of Federal Elections held from 1949 to Details are provided for each House of Representatives and Senate election together with tables summarising the results in each State and Territory. A brief comment on each election is provided in the Main Features section of the paper. Tables showing detailed results for each House of Representatives and Senate election contain figures for electors enrolled, number and percentage of votes received by party, and seats won by party, for each State and Territory. received by party are expressed as a percentage of formal votes, while formal and informal votes are expressed as a percentage of total votes and total votes are expressed as a percentage of electors enrolled. Election Dates Unless otherwise specified elections were for the House of Representatives and half of the Senate. 10 December April 1951, Double dissolution 9 May 1953, Senate 29 May 1954, House of Representatives 10 December November December November 1963, House of Representatives 5 December 1964, Senate 26 November 1966, House of Representatives 25 November 1967, Senate 25 October 1969, House of Representatives 21 November 1970, Senate 2 December 1972, House of Representatives 18 May 1974, Double dissolution 13 December 1975, Double dissolution 10 December October March 1983, Double dissolution 1 December July 1987, Double dissolution 24 March March March October November

8 Sources A number of published sources have been used in the compilation of this Paper. These include: C. A. Hughes & A. D. Graham, A Handbook of Australian Government and Politics , Australian National University Press, Canberra, C. A. Hughes, A Handbook of Australian Government and Politics , Australian National University Press, Canberra, M. Mackerras, Australian General Elections, Angus and Robertson, Sydney, M. Mackerras, Elections 1980, Angus and Robertson, Sydney, Australasian Political Studies Association, Australian Two-Party-Preferred , APSA, Canberra, Australian Electoral Commission, Election Statistics (various issues), AustralianGovernment Publishing Service, Canberra. Department of the Parliamentary Library, Parliamentary Handbook of the Commonwealth of Australia (various editions), AGPS, Canberra. Party Abbreviations ACL AFI AP ALP ASP CDL CDP CLP CP CTA DEM DLP GRN HAR LCL LCP LNP LM LP NA NCP NDP NP OTH PHON QLP Australian Labor Party (Anti-Communist) Australians Against Further Immigration Australia Party Australian Labor Party Australian Shooters Party Country and Democratic League Christian Democratic Party Country Liberal Party Country Party Call to Australia Australian Democrats Democratic Labor Party Green parties Senator Brian Harradine Group Liberal and Country League Liberal and Country Party Liberal/National Party Liberal Movement Liberal Party National Alliance National Country Party Nuclear Disarmament Party National Party Other parties Pauline Hanson's One Nation Party Queensland Labor Party 2

9 Major Issues During the period 1949 to 2001 there have been 22 general elections for the House of Representatives and 21 Senate elections. The average length of time between House of Representatives elections during the period has been 2 years 6 months. Of the House of Representatives elections the Liberal National (Country) Party Coalition have won 15 and the Australian Labor Party seven. Up to the 2001 election the Liberal National Party Coalition had held government for 36 years compared to the time in government of the Australian Labor Party of just 16 years. The period was characterised by relatively long terms in government by either party with only five changes of government during the 52 years (1949, 1972, 1975, 1983 and 1996). Double dissolutions of both houses were obtained five times during the period resulting in full Senate elections being held in 1951, 1974, 1975, 1983 and Separate half-senate elections were held in 1953, 1964, 1967 and During the period under consideration, the government of the day has had control in the Senate only from 1951 to 1955, 1958 to 1961 and 1975 to On each occasion the Liberal National (Country) Party Coalition was in government. The ALP has not controlled the Senate whilst in government during the period, however it did control the Senate from 1949 to 1951 whilst in opposition. Highlights Highest first preference vote in House of Representatives: ALP 1954 (50.1%) LP 1975 (41.8%) NP 1987 (11.5%) Lowest first preference vote in House of Representatives: ALP 2001 (37.8%) LP 1972 (32.0%) NP 1998 (5.3%) Largest number of seats in House of Representatives: ALP 1987 (86) LP 1996 (76) NP 1975 (23) IND 1996 (5) Won government with less than 50% of the two-party preferred vote: LP/NP 1954 (49.3%) LP/NP 1961 (49.5%) LP/NP 1969 (49.8%) ALP 1990 (49.9%) LP/NP 1998 (49.0%) Highest two-party preferred vote in House of Representatives: ALP 1983 (53.2%) LP/NP 1966 (56.9%) Largest two-party preferred swing: ALP 1969 (7.1%) LP/NP 1975 (7.4%) Highest vote in the Senate: ALP 1953 (50.6%) LP/NP 1975 (51.7%) DLP 1970 (11.1%) DEM 1990 (12.6%) Lowest vote in the Senate: ALP 2001 (34.3%) LP/NP 1998 (37.7%) DEM 1993 (5.3%) 3

10 Notes on Individual Elections 1949 The 1949 election saw Menzies lead the Liberal Party, in close cooperation with the Country Party, to victory. The House of Representatives had been enlarged from 74 to 121 members (123 including members from NT and ACT) and the Senate from 36 to 60. A new method of electing Senators was introduced for the 1949 election which resulted in a more equitable distribution of seats. The previous method tended to produce a 'winnertake-all' result. The number of Senators elected in 1949 (seven from each State) included 2 supernumerary Senators from each State to bring the Senate up to its full complement of 60 members. The ALP retained control of the Senate The 1951 election occurred after Menzies secured a double dissolution resulting from the ALP-controlled Senate refusing the Government's banking legislation. The 1951 election saw the ALP lose control of the Senate The 1953 separate half-senate election was held as a consequence of the 1951 simultaneous dissolution and the Constitutional provision (Section 13) backdating the terms of Senators elected at a simultaneous dissolution election, to the preceding 1 July Although the Liberal Country Party Coalition Government was returned at the 1954 election there was a 1.4% swing to the ALP, giving the ALP a majority of the estimated two-party preferred vote (50.7%). The ALP received 50.1% of the first preference vote, the only election in the post-war period where any party has achieved more than 50% of the first preference vote The 1955 election saw the first electoral consequences of the split in the ALP. Anticommunist Labor (ACL) candidates stood against ALP candidates in Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. The effects of the ACL were most notably felt in Victoria where the ALP vote in the House of Representatives fell by 13.2% to 37.1%. In the Senate, one ACL candidate was elected from Victoria where the ALP vote fell by 15.9% to 35.0% The full effects of the split in the ALP were felt in the 1958 election with the DLP standing candidates in all States. The DLP polled more votes than the Country Party and its preferences helped the Liberal Country Party Coalition achieve a then post-war record majority in the House of Representatives (32 seats). A DLP Senator was elected from Tasmania giving the DLP two Senators. The Coalition Government regained control of the Senate The Liberal Country Coalition Government came close to defeat in the 1961 election held after the 'credit squeeze'. The ALP actually had equal numbers to the Coalition on the floor of the House of Representatives after the election, but two of its number were 4

11 members from the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory who had restricted voting rights in the chamber at the time. The Coalition Government lost effective control of the Senate, requiring support of either the DLP or Independent Senators for a majority. The 1961 election was only one of five occasions in the post-war period where the party winning government has not received more than 50% of the twoparty preferred vote. The Liberal Country Party Coalition received an estimated 49.5% of the two-party preferred vote The 1963 election was held following the early dissolution of the House of Representatives. The Liberal Country Coalition Government was returned with an increased majority. The Country Party vote was higher than the DLP vote for the first time since The 1964 separate half-senate election was held as only the House of Representatives was dissolved in 1963 and it was three years after the preceding Senate election The 1966 election resulted in a landslide victory for the Liberal Country Party Coalition Government with a majority of 40 in a House of Representatives of 124 members. The number of Liberal Party members elected (61) was a then post-war record high while the number of ALP members elected (41) was a then post-war record low. The estimated twoparty preferred vote received by the Liberal Country Party, 56.9%, is the highest in the post-war period. The 1966 election saw the first election of an independent member to the House of Representatives (S Benson, Batman, Vic) since The continuing success of the DLP and independent candidates at the 1967 separate half- Senate election increased their number to five, a then post-war record number The ALP made substantial gains in the 1969 election to recover ground lost in the 1966 election. The Liberal Country Party Coalition Government majority in the House of Representatives was reduced from 40 to 7. The estimated two-party preferred swing to the ALP (7.1%) is the highest recorded swing to the ALP in the post-war period. The Coalition Government was returned with less than 50% of the estimate two-party preferred vote (49.8%) The election of five minor party and independent Senators at the 1970 separate half-senate elections raised their number to eight, a then post-war record. The continuing success of minor parties and independents at the 'by-election atmosphere' of separate half-senate elections convinced the two major parties of their futility and the 1970 election was the last separate half-senate election held Australia experienced its first change of Federal Government in 23 years with the defeat of the Liberal Country Party Coalition Government by the ALP at the 1972 House of 5

12 Representatives election. The estimated ALP two-party preferred vote, 52.7%, was the second highest recorded since the war. However, the incoming ALP government faced a hostile Senate, reflecting Senate election results in 1967 and The 1974 double dissolution election synchronised elections for the House of Representatives and the Senate for the first time since The 1974 election saw the demise of the DLP as a political power in the Senate. The DLP lost all five Senate positions it held going into the election and has not seriously threatened to win a Senate seat since. Even with the lower quota requirements of a full Senate election, minor parties and independents could only win two seats Following the dismissal of the Whitlam ALP Government a double dissolution was granted. The resultant 1975 election saw the worst result for the ALP since the war. The ALP received only 44.3% of the estimated two-party preferred vote, a swing against the ALP of 7.4%, and won 36 seats in the House of Representatives. The Liberal Party won 68 seats, its third best result, while the National Country Party won 23 seats, its best ever result. The ALP returned only one member from each of Queensland and Western Australia in the House of Representatives. In the Senate the incoming Liberal National Country Party Coalition Government became the first government since before the 1961 election to have a majority. Senators were elected from the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory for the first time The ALP failed to recover substantial ground in the 1977 House of Representatives election. The ALP's strength in the House of Representatives increased from 36 to 38 in a slightly reduced chamber (from 127 to 124 members) and the ALP share of the estimated two-party preferred vote increased slightly to 45.4%. The Australian Democrats fielded candidates for the first time and achieved immediate success in the Senate with the election of two Senators The ALP made substantial gains at the 1980 election but the Liberal National Country Party Coalition remained firmly in control of the House of Representatives with a majority of 23 seats. For the first time since the war the ALP won a majority of House of Representatives seats from Victoria. In the Senate, further increases in the Australian Democrats strength meant that the Government lost control of the Senate. No government has since had a majority in the Senate. National Country Party strength in the Senate fell to three, the lowest since the war The 1983 election was a triumph for the ALP with the defeat of the Fraser Government and a record result. The ALP achieved its best result since the war in the House of Representatives with 75 members elected and two-party preferred vote of 53.2%, the highest recorded by the party since the war. Tasmania was the only State to hold out against the ALP tide: all five seats being won by the Liberal Party. In the Senate, Australian Democrat candidates were elected from all States, except Tasmania where the independent Senator (B Harradine) was re-elected. 6

13 1984 The 1984 elections were held for an enlarged House of Representatives, increased from 125 to 148, and Senate, increased from 64 to 76. A supernumerary Senator was elected from each State to bring the size of the Senate up to its full complement of members. In terms of members elected, all major parties gained from the enlarged House of Representatives with the Liberal Party recording the largest gain of 12 members from 33 to 45. The 1984 Senate election was the first conducted under the group ticket or 'abovethe-line' system. Under this system voters have a choice of voting above the line on a ballot paper by simply placing a '1' in the party box of their choice or numbering each candidate below the line. The effect of this change was to greatly reduce the incidence of informal votes in the Senate, reduced from 9.9% in 1983 to 4.7% in However, the resultant confusion in voting methodologies had the perverse consequence of increasing the informal vote in the House of Representatives, from 2.1% in 1983 to 6.8% in The 1987 election saw the two-party preferred vote for the ALP decline by 1.0% to 50.8%, but the number of seats won by the ALP in the House of Representatives increase by four to 86, the highest representation of the ALP ever. In the Senate, the lower quotas occasioned by the double dissolution resulted in a new record of ten minor party and independent Senators being elected. The 1987 Senate election saw the first candidates standing on a green or environmental platform The 1990 election was only the fourth occasion since the war when a party was elected to government with less than 50% of the two-party preferred vote. The ALP received 49.9% of the two-party preferred vote yet won 78 or 52.7% of the seats in the House of Representatives. The National Party were the big losers in this election with a net loss of five seats, giving them their then lowest number of seats, 14, in the House of Representatives since For the first time since 1966 an independent member (E Mack, North Sydney, NSW) was elected to the House of Representatives. In the Senate, minor parties and independents maintained their position, and the first green Senator was elected (J Vallentine, WA). Senator Vallentine had been first elected at the 1984 election as a NDP candidate The re-election of the ALP government, with an increased majority from 8 to 13, at the 1993 election was the first occasion since 1966 that an incumbent government achieved a positive two-party preferred swing (1.5% to ALP). The election was notable for the election of two independents to the House of Representatives (E Mack, North Sydney, NSW; P Cleary, Wills, Vic), the lowest National Party vote recorded (7.2%) since the war, and the decline in the vote for the Australian Democrats. In the House of Representatives the Democrat vote declined from 11.3% at the 1990 election to 3.8%, while in the Senate the Democrat vote went from 12.6% to 5.3%. The decline in votes for the Australian Democrats meant that only two Democrat Senators were elected, the smallest number since the party's first election in However, minor parties and independent strength in the Senate was maintained with the success of a second green Senator (D Margetts, WA) and the re-election of the independent Senator (B Harradine) from Tasmania. 7

14 1996 The Liberal National Party Coalition was returned to government after 13 years in opposition at the 1996 election. The Liberal Party won 76 seats in the House of Representatives, their largest ever level of representation, while the National Party won 18 seats. The Australian Labor Party performed poorly in Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia, retaining only 7 of the 52 seats in those States, winning a total overall of 49 seats. The recent success of independents continued with five independents being elected, the largest number in the post-war period. The Coalition received 53.6% of the two-party preferred vote (a swing of 5.0%), the highest vote since 1977 and the largest swing since In the Senate, minor parties continued to hold the balance of power, despite a strong result by the Coalition. The Coalition won 20 of the 40 Senate places up for election. The Democrats improved on their 1993 result and returned five Senators while one green Senator (B Brown) was elected Despite receiving less than 50% of the two-party preferred vote the Liberal National Party Coalition was returned at the 1998 election with a comfortable majority. The success of Pauline Hanson's One Nation Party in appealing to conservative voters resulted in the lowest first preference vote (33.9%) for the Liberal Party since 1972 and the lowest first preference vote for the National Party (5.3%) during the post-war period. The combined first preference vote for the three major parties (79.6%) was the lowest recorded in the period. In two-party preferred vote terms support for the Coalition fell by 4.6% to 49.0%, only the fifth time in the post-war period that a government was elected with less than 50% of the vote. Of the five independent members elected at the 1996 election only one (P Andren, Calare, NSW) retained his seat. In the Senate, minor parties continued to hold the balance of power. The Australian Democrats won four seats to bring their number to nine Senators, their highest ever level of representation in the Senate. In Queensland, One Nation candidate, H Hill was elected (but was subsequently found to be ineligible and was replaced by L Harris), while in Tasmania the independent, Senator B Harradine, was reelected The Liberal National Party Coalition Government was returned with an increased majority. The swing to the government of 2.0% in two-party preferred vote terms was the largest swing to an incumbent government since 1966 and only the fifth time that a positive swing to a government has occurred in the period. Swings to the government were recorded in all states except Tasmania and the Northern Territory. However, the election was one of contrasting results for the Coalition partners; 69 Liberal Party members were elected to the House of Representatives, the second largest number ever elected, while 13 National Party members were elected, the smallest number in the post-war period. Part of the National Party's problem lay in the success of independents, three being elected from rural areas, the second largest number of independents elected in the period. The Australian Labor Party performed poorly, recording its lowest first preference vote during the period in both the Senate and the House of Representatives. In the Senate, minor parties continued to hold the balance of power, although the Australian Democrats now had to share the balance of power with the other parties and the two independents. In NSW a Green Senator (K Nettle) was elected for the first time. 8

15 Detailed Results: House of Representatives House of Representatives Election 1949 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP CP(b) Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP CP(b) Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP CP(b) Others Total (b) Includes LCP in Victoria, LCL in South Australia and Western Australia. Includes CDL in Western Australia. 9

16 House of Representatives Election 1951 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP CP(b) Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP CP(b) Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP CP(b) Total (b) Includes LCP in Victoria, LCL in South Australia and Western Australia. Includes CDL in Western Australia. 10

17 House of Representatives Election 1954 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP CP(b) Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP CP(b) Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP CP(b) Total (b) Includes LCP in Victoria, LCL in South Australia and Western Australia. Includes CDL in Western Australia. 11

18 House of Representatives Election 1955 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP(b) CP(c) ACL Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP(b) CP(c) ACL Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP(b) CP(c) Total (b) (c) ALP Candidate elected unopposed. Includes LCP in Victoria, LCL in South Australia and Western Australia. Includes CDL in Western Australia. Two candidates elected unopposed. 12

19 House of Representatives Election 1958 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP CP(b) DLP(c) Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP CP(b) DLP(c) Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP CP(b) Total (b) (c) Includes LCP in Victoria, LCL in South Australia and Western Australia. Includes CDL in Western Australia. Includes QLP in Queensland. 13

20 House of Representatives Election 1961 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP CP(b) DLP(c) Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP CP(b) DLP(c) Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP CP(b) Total (b) (c) Includes LCP in Victoria, LCL in South Australia and Western Australia. Includes CDL in Western Australia. Includes QLP in Queensland. 14

21 House of Representatives Election 1963 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP(b) CP DLP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP(b) CP DLP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP(b) CP Total (b) ALP Candidate elected unopposed. Includes LCP in Victoria and LCL in South Australia. 15

22 House of Representatives Election 1966 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP CP DLP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP CP DLP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP CP Others Total Includes LCL in South Australia. 16

23 House of Representatives Election 1969 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP CP DLP AP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP CP DLP AP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP CP Total Includes LCL in South Australia. 17

24 House of Representatives Election 1972 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP CP DLP AP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP CP DLP AP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP CP Total Includes LCL in South Australia. 18

25 House of Representatives Election 1974 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP CP(b) AP DLP LM Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP CP(b) AP DLP LM Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP NP(b) Total (b) Includes LCL in South Australia. Includes NP in Queensland and NA in Western Australia. 19

26 House of Representatives Election 1975 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP NCP AP DLP LM Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP NCP AP DLP LM Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP NCP Total Includes CP in New South Wales, NP in Victoria, Queensland and Tasmania, and CLP in Northern Territory. 20

27 House of Representatives Election 1977 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP NCP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP NCP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP NCP Total Includes NP in Queensland and CLP in Northern Territory. 21

28 House of Representatives Election 1980 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP NCP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP NCP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP NCP Total Includes NP in Victoria and Queensland and CLP in Northern Territory. 22

29 House of Representatives Election 1983 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP NP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP NP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP NP Total Includes NCP in Western Australia and CLP in Northern Territory. 23

30 House of Representatives Election 1984 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP NP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP NP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP NP Total Includes CLP in Northern Territory. 24

31 House of Representatives Election 1987 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP NP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP NP DEM DLP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP NP Total Includes CLP in Northern Territory. 25

32 House of Representatives Election 1990 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP NP DEM GRN CTA DLP Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP NP DEM GRN CTA DLP Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP NP Others Total Includes CLP in Northern Territory. 26

33 House of Representatives Election 1993 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP NP DEM GRN CTA Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP NP DEM GRN CTA Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP NP Others Total Includes CLP in Northern Territory. 27

34 House of Representatives Election 1996 NSW VIC Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT Aust Enrolled ALP LP(b) NP DEM GRN Others Formal Informal Total Percent ALP LP(b) NP DEM GRN Others Formal Informal Total Seats Won ALP LP(b) NP Others Total (b) Includes votes for disendorsed Liberal Party candidate in Division of Oxley (Qld). Includes CLP in Northern Territory. 28