L-Vehs Sound: Study on enhanced sound requirements for mopeds, quads and replacement silencers of L-category vehicles

Transcription

1 L-Vehs Sound: Study on enhanced sound requirements for mopeds, quads and replacement silencers of L-category vehicles A European Commission (DG GROW) project Sept Sept MCWG Brussels,

2 Consortium Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics / Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR project management) Impact assessment studies for new regulations E.g. for Euro 3 mopeds, Euro 4 and Euro 5 motorcycles TNO (NL) Studies on noise regulations Assessment of new noise limits Heinz Steven Data Analysis and Consulting (DE) Studies on exterior noise emissions Amendment work for the ECE Regulations R41 and R51 TÜV NORD (DE) Studies about noise tests on vehicles and silencers Noise measurements of vehicles 2

3 Some background L-category vehicles continue to be source of complaints with respect to noise, often associated to tampering of their silencers UN R41 Regulation recently acceded by the EU regulation for motorcycles (L3e and L4e) and leads to improved noise control UN Regs Nos 9, 63, 92 address noise control for three-wheeled mopeds-l2, tricycles-l5 and two-wheeled motorcycles with side car- L4 (R9), two-wheeled mopeds (R63) and replacement silencers (R92) These have not been specifically considered within the EU regulatory context, and due-diligence is required 3

4 Objectives Perform due diligence on UN Regulations Nos 9, 63, 92 before accession to EU regulations Identify any eventual flaws in the test procedures that need to be addressed, ensure robustness of testing, and propose cost beneficial improvements Assess existing or potential anti-tampering technological solutions in the area of noise emissions Enhance regulatory enforcement and market surveillance provisions in the UN regulations Examine the cost-effectiveness of eventual proposed improvements Retain international harmonisation in the regulatory front 4

5 Tasks and time plan Task 1: Public consultation (M1 M4), LAT/AUTH Questionnaire to stakeholders Analysis and summary of findings from collected responses Task 2: Technical assessment (M3 M8), HSDAC Comparison of EU with UN Regulations Propose improvements Task 3: Cost-benefit analysis (M6 M10), TNO Define methodology, input data CBA Task 4: Proposal for amendments (M8 M12), LAT/AUTH Amendments or supplements to UN Regulations Interaction with GRB members, justification of proposals 5

6 Milestones MCWG meeting in Brussels, 15/12/2015 Summary of findings from questionnaire/public consultation, first findings on the technical front GRB meeting, 16-18/2/2016 First presentation of intentions to GRB with preliminary technical assessment June 2016 Draft proposals for amendments or supplements to UN Regulations, informal document to GRB GRB meeting, Sept Final proposals and recommendations 6

7 Task 1: Public consultation Objective: Understand viewpoints of stakeholders Groups and associations, environmental organizations and institutes Technical services and type approval authorities Departments of transport and local authorities for enforcement and market surveillance Companies and SMEs, citizens and drivers Approach: Questionnaire to be sent end of Sept 15 Collection in a systematic way and organization of responses (Oct. Nov. 15) Analysis and summary of findings, assessment and conclusions drawn (Dec. 15) Questions related to: Impacts: environmental and social aspects of noise pollution from L-category vehicles Type-approval: technical issues related to noise control regulations Market surveillance and enforcement proposals for improvements 7

8 Task 1: Public consultation Questionnaire: we expect your feedback You may answer only the questions you are familiar with We are always at your availability for further clarifications, discussion, or personal phone call for more details Leonidas Ntziachristos:

9 Task 2: Technical assessment Objective: Ensure that the UNECE regulations 9, 63 and 92 provide at least the same or, favourably, improved level of stringency with respect to type-approval, market surveillance and enforcement requirements, concerning sound emissions, as the EU regulations and provide the technical background required for the later introduction of Euro 5 sound level limits. Assess, if those three UN Regulations contain the necessary references to and deliver the minimum test results level which are used for type-approval, market surveillance and enforcement purposes in the EU, concerning sound emissions. A further aspect is related to additional sound emission provisions (ASEP), which are intended to ensure, that the sound emissions in real world driving are in line with the sound levels measured during type approval. Such provisions are already laid down in ECE R 41. It will be assessed, whether they should be added to ECE R 9 and R 92 as well, to the extent that the direct reference of R 92 to R is not sufficient. 9

10 Task 2: Technical assessment Approach: A comparison of EU Regulations 168/2013, EU 134/2014, and EU 44/2014 Annex II which contains the general anti-tampering requirements, with the corresponding regulations ECE R 9, 63 and 92 will be performed with the focus on the following points: 1. Definitions, 2. Specifications, 3. COP and market surveillance, 4. Methods and instruments for testing, 5. Defeat devices, 6. Tampering, 7. Type approval for components, 8. Durability. Since the EU and ECE regulations are structured in different ways, the comparison will be performed item-wise. 10

11 Approach (continued): Task 2: Technical assessment Based on this comparison, proposals for amendments of the ECE regulations will be elaborated and delivered in a format which is suitable for informal or working documents for the GRB. These proposals will contain improvements in the descriptions and/or definitions, updates of references to IEC and ISO standards (e.g. the reference to ISO should be updated to the 2011 version), enlargement of scopes and additional requirements for missing elements. With regard to missing elements the focus will be on Type-approval, COP and market surveillance, Hybrid and electrical vehicles, In-use compliance reference data (according to ECE R 41) and Additional sound emission provisions (according to ECE R 41), Anti-tampering measures. In the context of the first two bullet points electronic tagging of replacement components for compliance will be considered. 11

12 Approach (continued): Task 2: Technical assessment In the context of additional sound emission provisions, we are prepared to support proposals by measurement results. The measurements will be performed by TUEV Nord. Discussion on the need and the extent of the measurement campaign will be initiated with the Commission after the first technical analysis conducted in this Task. A further objective is related to an estimation of the impact of measures like ASEP, antitampering provisions and lower sound limits, on the noise emission of L-category vehicles in real traffic. This will be based on a comparison of the driving conditions covered by the type approval requirements with the other relevant driving conditions in real traffic. The exact benefit of these measures will be tackled in Task 3. However, this task can generate the technical background required for such a study. 12

13 Task 2: Technical assessment Output: Amendments of the ECE regulations R 9, R 63 and R 92, suitable for informal or working documents for the GRB. These amendments include the implementation of additional requirements for hybrid and electrified vehicles, the implementation of additional sound emission provisions and provisions for enforcement measures. Estimation of the impact of measures like ASEP, anti tampering provisions and lower sound level limits on the noise emission of L-category vehicles in real traffic. Time frame: This task is scheduled to be executed in month 3 to 8. The results of the comparison of the EU and ECE regulations will be delivered in month 5. The final assessment of the Regulations will be delivered in Month 8. 13

14 Task 3: Cost-benefit analysis Objective: Perform a cost-benefit calculation over a period of 20 years, for an improved regulation, underpinning the need for change environmental and health benefits due to noise reduction additional costs to industry, suppliers, type-approval and enforcement authorities Benefit-to-cost ratio Approach: Specific methodology and input data tailored for L-category vehicles Based on results of the technical assessment and consultation response Input data from stakeholders, Eurostat and best estimates Taking geographical differences into account Using standard approaches for CBA also applied for road traffic, but adapted for L-cat vehicles (e.g. typical annoyance areas) 14

15 Task 3: Cost-benefit analysis Input data, as available: fleet numbers and composition including proportion of electric and hybrid vehicles, typical sound emission levels, levels of disturbance/annoyance, vehicle lifetime, size of after sales market, levels of tampering and in use compliance, levels and costs of type approval, levels and costs of enforcement, geographical differences, additional costs of R&D, manufacturing and compliance testing, costs to retailers, costs to type-approval and enforcement authorities, and others if required/available 15

16 Task 3: Cost-benefit analysis Often single event noise as opposed to continuous flow for other vehicle types Excessive noise levels for non-compliant vehicles Concentration of noise on particular routes of areas such as rural roads, villages, scenic routes, quiet areas, recreational areas, narrow streets in southern European cities, towns and villages Concentration of noise at particular times, such as public holidays, spring and summer weekends, and late evening Estimates for L den and L night due to L-cat vehicles in relevant situations, for multiple events Estimation of noise reduction due to regulation Valuation of noise reduction per annum per person Total environmental benefit Costs for industry/retailers/enforcement due to changes in regulation 16

17 Task 3: Cost-benefit analysis Final outcome: Benefit to cost ratio for proposed changes to regulation Report chapter 17

18 Task 4: Proposal for amendments Objective: Propose amendments or supplements to UN Regs. Nos 9, 63, 92 before they can be acceded to the EU TA regulatory system Approach: First round of possible revisions to be drafted by Jun. 16 Discussion with Commission, interaction with stakeholders (Jul. Aug. 16) Final proposal (Aug. 16) Final outcome: Proposals for revisions of UN Regs. Nos 9, 63, 92 with justification Points where issues remain but cannot be addressed Present to GRB the final revised chapters / regulatory text 18

19 Thank you for your attention