Nº Field evaluation of equipment and systems for automatic monitoring of urban traffic: the city of São Paulo experience.

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1 COMUNICAÇÃO TÉCNICA Nº Field evaluation of equipment and systems for automatic monitoring of urban traffic: the city of São Paulo experience Ely Bernardi Sun Hsien Ming Palestra apresentada 15th. World Congresso on Intelligent Transport Systems, New York, 2008 A série Comunicação Técnica compreende trabalhos elaborados por técnicos do IPT, apresentados em eventos, publicados em revistas especializadas ou quando seu conteúdo apresentar relevância pública. Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo S/A - IPT Av. Prof. Almeida Prado, 532 Cidade Universitária ou Caixa Postal 0141 CEP São Paulo SP Brasil CEP Tel /4000 Fax

2 FIELD EVALUATION OF EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS FOR AUTOMATIC MONITORING OF URBAN TRAFFIC: THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO EXPERIENCE Traffic Enforcement Systems: a Case in São Paulo

3 This is a joint presentation by CET and IPT. CET (Traffic Engineering Company) is the local authority in charge of the traffic management of the city of São Paulo. IPT (Institute for Technological Research) is a São Paulo government organization that deals with innovation, R&D, technological services and education.

4 Presenters: Eng. Sun Hsien Ming CET Eng. Ely Bernardi IPT Unfortunately, Ely Bernardi could not come, so I will speak also in behalf of IPT.

5 Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas São Paulo in figures: Inhabitants: Area: km2 Fleet: vehicles Buses: Traffic signals: Subway: 61,3 km Railway: 123 km 2,5 killed in traffic accidents / vehicles

6 Rationing

7 Traffic Law Enforcement in São Paulo 1 Speed limit enforcement 2 Peak hour traffic restriction (road rationing) enforcement 3 Restriction of the traffic of trucks enforcement 4 Bus lanes enforcement 5 Red light enforcement 6 Parking enforcement

8 Driving restrictions in São Paulo (road rationing): in an effort to reduce congestion in the center area, CET restricted vehicular traffic in peak hours. The restriction is based on the last digit of the license plate. The schedule is as follows: no driving in peak hours in the Week day center area of vehicles with license plates with final digit of Monday 0 and 1 Tuesday 2 and 3 Wednesday 4 and 5 Thursday 6 and 7 Friday 8 and 9

9 Road rationing area 100 km2

10 Automatic Traffic Enforcement Systems used in São Paulo 1 Fixed cameras with loop detectors and license plate recognition system - LPR (enforced violations: speed, peak hour traffic restriction, truck restriction, bus lane violation) 2 Radars using Doppler Effect or Laser (monitored violation: speed) 3 Red light cameras (monitored violation: red light invasion)

11 Automatic Traffic Enforcement Systems used in São Paulo This presentation will focuse on field evaluation of: Fixed cameras with loop detectors and license plate recognition system LPR LPR systems play an important role in the automatic enforcement systems in São Paulo, because they make the equipments multifunctional, that is, they can enforce several kinds of violations at the same time. For example, if a vehicle violated simultaneously the road rationing and the speed limit, the driver will receive two fines, one for each violation.

12 Fixed cameras with loop detectors and license plate recognition system LPR Field equipment Data Transmission Control Center Loop detector

13 Automatic Traffic Enforcement There are two types of equipment of fixed cameras with loop detectors and license plate recognition system LPR - fixed radar Systems used in São Paulo - electronic hump Fixed radars are placed on arterial roads and expressways. Electronic humps are placed on secundary roads.

14 Illuminator Fixed radar Camera Computer and electronics

15 Electronic hump Display

16 Flashing signal

17 Public Tenders The Municipality of São Paulo announced 3 public tenders in : Fixed Radar for speed limit and road rationing enforcements: 175 equipments Electronic hump: 153 equipments for speed limit and road rationing enforcements Fixed Radar for speed limit, road rationing and truck restriction enforcements: 60 equipments Total budget for 4 years contracts: ~ US$ 60 million

18 Field evaluation carried out by IPT IPT was under engagement by the Municipality of São Paulo to carry out the field evaluation. All the bidders had to install an equipment in a preselected road, spaced aproximately 40 m from one to another, and traffic cones are placed by CET on the lane lines in such a way that the same cars pass along the equipments of all the bidders (there were no overtaking in the evaluation s section).

19 Field evaluation carried out by IPT

20 Field evaluation carried out by IPT

21 Field evaluation carried out by IPT

22 Field evaluation carried out by IPT Initial tests One or two days for evaluation of technical characteristics: documentation, photo records, behaviour in failures Continuous operation 15 days for evaluation of equipment and system performances: field measurements and image processing

23 Initial tests (I) Photographic record of equipments Verification of compliance with technical documentation for an after-contract comparison Behaviour during power or communication failures a failure was caused for checking the continuity of operation during the failure and after its recovery Behaviour of electronic hump during flashing signal or display failures a failure was caused for checking warning signs and messages sent to the operation center

24 Initial tests (II) Ability to enable and disable settings, from operation center checking the ability for changing settings, as trucks restriction; for testing, a sequence of different settings was programmed and the results were checked Field generation of datacheck checking the completeness of information generated by equipment whithout human intervention Log analysis checking equipment event records, as failures and settings

25 Continuous operation Field measurements during certain periods of time, comparisons between manual countings of controlled traffic and the results obtained by bidders equipment Image validation process of analysis and validation of images Reports of traffic data and violation verification of information and data generated by bidders

26 Some performance rates (I) I r, related to peak hour traffic restriction where: M r : number of valid images of cars violating peak hour restriction obtained by bidders equipment during a field measurement period E r : number of errors I r M r E F r F r : number of vehicles violating peak hour restriction obtained in the reference counting r

27 I r, related to peak hour traffic restriction

28 Some performance rates (II) I c, related to traffic of trucks where: M c : number of valid images of trucks violating restriction of traffic obtained by bidders equipment during a field measurement period E c : number of errors I c M c E F F c : number of trucks violating restriction of traffic obtained in the reference counting c c

29 I c, related to traffic of trucks

30 Some performance rates (III) I o, related to bus lane enforcement where: M o : number of valid images of cars violating bus lane traffic restriction obtained by bidders equipment during a field measurement period E o : number of errors I o M E F o o o F o : number of vehicles violating bus lane traffic restriction obtained in the reference counting

31 I o, related to bus lane

32 Conclusions It is very important to introduce the field evaluation as a stage of the tender process in order to guarantee the minimum performance required. The field evaluation stimulates the continuous technological development in order to achieve better performance and efficiency.

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