Erik Sandqvist Principal Engineer Power Systems WSE 12.1_Bl23 rev 1,

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Lucas Morrison
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introduction of modern equipment Erik Sandqvist Principal

1 Traditional NPP electric power systems and modern equipment - sensitivity to net disturbances The original design and the introduction of modern equipment Erik Sandqvist Principal Engineer Power Systems WSE 12.1_Bl23 rev 1,

2 Outline of presentation The historical development plant wise Representative single line diagrams Battery-backed AC- and DC-power systems The original design process Introduction of more sophisticated equipment (modern power electronics) 2

3 The historical development - Evolution 1050 MW 1050 MW Oskarshamn 3 Forsmark 3 BWR 75 BWR 90+ BWR MW 900 MW Forsmark 2 Forsmark 1 TVO 2 TVO MW 660 MW Oskarhamn 1 Barsebäck 2 Barsebäck 1 Oskarshamn MW 570 MW 580 MW 440 MW Ringhals MW R2 820 MW R3 915 MW R4 915 MW 3

4 Plant development ASEA Atom/ABB Atom/Westinghouse 4

5 Forsmark 3 Single line diagram for an one turbine plant National grid 5

6 Forsmark 1 Single line diagram for a two turbine plant National grid 6

7 Oskarshamn 1 Original uninterruptible 380 V AC power system General requirement This breaker had to be open unless the diesel-backed system was fed only from the diesel generator Feeding motoroperated valves R 101 S1 S1 S1 LT101 B 101 LT102 S2 S3 S4 B 102 S2 R 102 MG 121 MG 122 G M G M S2 S3 S4 LT 135 LT WA3 675 WB4 S1 S2 S5 A 0,4 Dieselsäkrat 400 V S5 A 0,4ls Likspänning E 0,4 Batterisäkrat 400 V B 0,2 Batterisäkrat 230 V 7

8 R 141 R 121 Oskarshamn 1 - Original uninterruptible 220 V AC power system LT101 LT102 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 A 0,4 Dieselsäkrat 400 V R 101 B 101 B 102 R 102 Undisturbed uninterruptible power supply LT 131 S1 S1 S2 MG 131 MG 132 G M G M S2 S3 S4 LT 132 S5 A 0,4ls Likspänning A 0,2 Batterisäkrat 230 V B 141 B 121 Feeding instrumentation B 131 A 0,01 + 0,05 ls R 131 R 132 B 132 A 2 + 0,02 ls 8

9 R 119 R 125 R 135 Oskarshamn 1 Original 110, 48 and 24 V DC power systems LT101 LT102 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 A 0,4 Dieselsäkrat 400 V B 119 B 125 B 135 A 0,1 ls S6 A 0,05 ls A 0,02 ls R 111 B 111 B 112 R 112 A 0,1 ls S1 A 0,1 ls S2 A 0,1 ls S3 A 0,1 ls S4 A 0,1 ls S5 9

10 Ringhals 1 Original power system 400 kv 400 kv 130 kv T11 T91 T12 LT110 LT120 Generator G11 H91-A6 H91-B6 Generator G12 6,6 kv AC H11-A6 H13-C6 H12-B6 H14-D6 6,6 kv AC Dieselsäkrat nät D11-A6 D13-C6 D12-B6 D14-D6 500 V AC DHC11 DHC13 DHC12 DHC V DC 110 V DC LHC112 LHC113 LHC133 LHC134 LHC122 LHC123 LHC143 LHC144 LHC V AC 1 x 220 V AC SHC11 SHC13 SHC12 SHC14 LHC115 LHC135 LHC V DC 440 V DC LHC111 LHC121 M G M G 500 V AC 500 V AC AHC11 AHC V AC 220 V AC 400 V AC 220 V AC NHC11 AC110 AC120 NHC12 24, 48, 24 V DC 24, 48, 24 V DC LHC117 LHC116 LHC127 10

11 Oskarshamn 2 - Original power system 400 kv 130 kv T2 130 kv T21 Generator G2 STATIONS- TRANSFORMATOR START- TRANSFORMATOR T22 GG13 GG23 GASTURBIN GASTURBIN DG212 DG211 DIESELGEN. DIESELGEN. 6 kv AC F6 B6 D6 H6 E6 A6 C6 G6 400 V AC F0,4 B0,4 L0,4 E0,4 A0,4 K0,4 110 V DC 110 V DC Bl0,1 Dl0,1 Al0,1 Cl0,1 220 V AC 48 V DC 24 V DC 220 V AC 48 V DC 24 V DC Fl0,02 Dl0,02 Bl0,02 B0,2 Bl0,05 El0,02 Cl0,02 Al0,02 A0,2 440 V DC 440 V DC Bl0,5 Al0,5 G M G M 400 V AC 400 V AC H0,4 G0,4 220 V AC 220 V AC D0,2 C0,2 11

12 Forsmark 1 - Original power system 400 kv 70 kv 400 kv 612T T T201 Generator 641T A B T201 Generator 431G G C A B D401 6 kv AC 654C A B D V AC Dieselsäkrat nät 24, ±24 V DC 48 V DC 110 V DC 665C C C A A A A A A B B B B B B D D D401 24, ± 24 V DC 48 V DC 110 V DC 440 V DC 662C A B D V DC G M G M G M G M 500 V AC 656C A B D V AC 220 V AC 380/220 V AC 656C C A B D D V AC 380/220 V AC 12

13 Oskarshamn 3 - Original power system 400 kv 611.TX1.T1 130 kv 130 kv 641.TX1.T1 641.TAC1.T1 628.TX2.T1 641.TBD1.T1 Generator 405.GA1.G1 10 kv AC 641.WA1 641.WC1 641.WB1 641.WD1 10 kv AC Diesel-backed 661.WA1 644.WA1 661.WC1 644.WC1 661.WB1 644.WB1 661.WD1 644.WD1 a1 a2 a3 c1 c2 c3 b1 b2 b3 d1 d2 d3 380 V AC 663.WA1 663.WC1 663.WB1 663.WD1 a1 a2 a3 c1 c2 c3 b1 b2 b3 d1 d2 d3 220 V DC 110 V DC 1E ± 24 V DC 2E ± 24 V DC 380/220 V AC 380/220 V AC 220 V DC 110 V DC ± 24 V DC klass 1, 2, 3 ± 24 V DC klass 4 380/220 V AC 380/220 V AC 671.WA1 677.WA1 835.WA1 835.WA2 672.WA1 672.WA2 673.WA1 673.WA2 671.WC1 677.WC1 835.WC1 835.WC2 672.WC1 672.WC2 673.WC1 673.WC2 671.WB1 677.WB1 835.WB1 835.WB2 672.WB1 672.WB2 673.WB1 673.WB2 671.WD1 677.WD1 835.WD1 835.WD2 672.WD1 672.WD2 673.WD1 673.WD2 13

14 The original Supplier (OEM) Mother company broad technical competence of plant construction The company-group manufactured a lot of equipment and components Thus the company-group covered and had experience from building including starting-up whole plants to equipment and components. There were a lot of know-why and knowhow built up within the company-group. 14

15 The original Customer The original Customer was also a company with a lot of experience within its organization and also responsibilities. For instance Statens Vattenfallsverk had the following roles: Purchaser of the reactor plant Purchaser of the turbine plant Responsible for some parts of the plant Purchaser of some big components Building contractor Responsible for plant co-ordination Responsible owner of the national grid 15

16 Co-ordination between the Supplier and the Purchaser The supplier of the plants was aware of both the conditions in the plant and its surrounding but also what used equipment and components could handle. The equipment and components were developed by a manufacturer who was familiar with the unique environmental condition existing in a power plant and the nearness to the main generator, the national grid and the high short circuit power Consequently there was a very competent plant supplier who in a unique way coordinated technical issues with a very competent plant purchaser. 16

17 Summary The original design The original configuration of the power systems (single line diagram) is not sensitive to electrical interference The connected objects determinate the sensitivity to electrical interference The original design was that the connected objects were motors, motor operated valves, electrical heaters, simple electrical rectifiers. These are not very sensitive to electrical interference 17

18 Summary The original design A basic requirement was that the uninterruptible power supply systems belonging to different divisions (sub) have to be independent of each other. That means physically separated and functionally isolated. No connection to the external grid was allowed. In the case when the back-up power supply (by-pass) from the diesel-backed power system was connected, the dieselbacked power system had to be fed from its own diesel generator only 18

19 Summary, cont. Harmonization of standards and protection of systems and components were made through a controlled design process. Much of the result of this work is not documented and therefore resulting in missing requirements when the plants are modified. Missing of overall picture leads to mistakes 19

20 Summary, cont. Uninterrupted AC supply not required in short time perspective Analyze internal component protections on system level Diversification 20

21 Coordination Electrical meetings For power and control systems there were three series of meetings between the Supplier and the Purchaser KUL-meetings KUL stands for design of control-room and layout KUR-meetings KUR stands for control equipment HUR-meetings HUR stands for power system equipment 21

22 Coordination Electrical meetings, cont. HUR-meetings HUR stands for power system equipment At these meetings all aspects regarding power system equipment was handled For instance; The Supplier presented the design basis documents for the power systems. The design of the relay protections and the tripping points were agreed on. This coordination was special applied to relay protections or the national grid, main-, plant and start-up transformers and the main generator(s). At the meetings the power consumption list between the Purchaser and the two Suppliers (Reactor and Turbine) was scrutinized 22 Fördjupningskursen

23 Introduction of more sophisticated power electronics More fault begun to occur More conventional power equipment Introduction of more sophisticated power electronics

24 Introduction of more sophisticated power electronics, cont. New types of equipment implied that new aspects have to be taken into account in the design and during modification of the uninterruptible power supply systems The requirements for this new type of equipment with new properties outside the basic function of the equipment were not stated in any documentation 24

WELCOME AND INTRODUCTORY REMARKS

WELCOME AND INTRODUCTORY REMARKS Robust Power Workshop 2017-05-03, Per Lamell, F-0051167 1 SAFETY FIRST Please note where the nearest emergency exits, fire extinguishers, gathering place and defibrillators